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Abdalhameid E, Abd El-Haleim EA, Abdelsalam RM, Georgy GS, Fawzy HM, Kenawy SA. Cinnamic acid mitigates methotrexate-induced lung fibrosis in rats: comparative study with pirfenidone. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1071-1079. [PMID: 37581637 PMCID: PMC10791841 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02652-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung fibrosis is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by excessive accumulation of scarred tissue, leading to lung architecture destruction and restricted ventilation. The current work was conducted to examine the probable shielding influence of cinnamic acid against lung fibrosis induced by methotrexate. METHODS Rats were pre-treated with oral administration of cinnamic acid (50 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, whereas methotrexate (14 mg/kg) was orally given on the 5th and 12th days of the experiment. Pirfenidone (50 mg/kg/day) was used as a standard drug. At the end of the experiment, oxidative parameters (malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and total glutathione) and inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8), as well as transforming growth factor-β and collagen content, as fibrosis indicators, were measured in lung tissue. RESULTS Our results revealed that cinnamic acid, as pirfenidone, effectively prevented the methotrexate-induced overt histopathological damage. This was associated with parallel improvements in oxidative, inflammatory, and fibrotic parameters measured. The outcomes of cinnamic acid administration were more or less the same as those of pirfenidone. In conclusion, pre-treatment with cinnamic acid protects against methotrexate-induced fibrosis, making it a promising prophylactic adjuvant therapy to methotrexate and protecting against its possible induction of lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abdalhameid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Enas A Abd El-Haleim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan S Georgy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Liu L, Zhang Y, Li X, Deng J. Microenvironment of pancreatic inflammation: calling for nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:443. [PMID: 37996911 PMCID: PMC10666376 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common and life-threatening digestive disorder. However, its diagnosis and treatment are still impeded by our limited understanding of its etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations, as well as by the available detection methods. Fortunately, the progress of microenvironment-targeted nanoplatforms has shown their remarkable potential to change the status quo. The pancreatic inflammatory microenvironment is typically characterized by low pH, abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enzymes, overproduction of inflammatory cells, and hypoxia, which exacerbate the pathological development of AP but also provide potential targeting sites for nanoagents to achieve early diagnosis and treatment. This review elaborates the various potential targets of the inflammatory microenvironment of AP and summarizes in detail the prospects for the development and application of functional nanomaterials for specific targets. Additionally, it presents the challenges and future trends to develop multifunctional targeted nanomaterials for the early diagnosis and effective treatment of AP, providing a valuable reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 South Maoyuan Street, Nanchong, 637001, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research Southwest Hospital State Key Lab of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Division and the 4th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospita, PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xinghui Li
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 South Maoyuan Street, Nanchong, 637001, China.
| | - Jun Deng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1 South Maoyuan Street, Nanchong, 637001, China.
- Institute of Burn Research Southwest Hospital State Key Lab of Trauma Burn and Combined Injury Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Bee Pollen as Functional Food: Insights into Its Composition and Therapeutic Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030557. [PMID: 36978805 PMCID: PMC10045447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee pollen is a hive product made up of flower pollen grains, nectar, and bee salivary secretions that beekeepers can collect without damaging the hive. Bee pollen, also called bee-collected pollen, contains a wide range of nutritious elements, including proteins, carbs, lipids, and dietary fibers, as well as bioactive micronutrients including vitamins, minerals, phenolic, and volatile compounds. Because of this composition of high quality, this product has been gaining prominence as a functional food, and studies have been conducted to show and establish its therapeutic potential for medical and food applications. In this context, this work aimed to provide a meticulous summary of the most relevant data about bee pollen, its composition—especially the phenolic compounds—and its biological and/or therapeutic properties as well as the involved molecular pathways.
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Zheng X, Zhao J, Wang S, Hu L. Research Progress of Antioxidant Nanomaterials for Acute Pancreatitis. Molecules 2022; 27:7238. [PMID: 36364064 PMCID: PMC9658789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a complex inflammatory disease caused by multiple etiologies, the pathogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. Oxidative stress is important for the regulation of inflammation-related signaling pathways, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, the release of inflammatory factors, and other processes, and plays a key role in the occurrence and development of AP. In recent years, antioxidant therapy that suppresses oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species has become a research highlight of AP. However, traditional antioxidant drugs have problems such as poor drug stability and low delivery efficiency, which limit their clinical translation and applications. Nanomaterials bring a brand-new opportunity for the antioxidant treatment of AP. This review focuses on the multiple advantages of nanomaterials, including small size, good stability, high permeability, and long retention effect, which can be used not only as effective carriers of traditional antioxidant drugs but also directly as antioxidants. In this review, after first discussing the association between oxidative stress and AP, we focused on summarizing the literature related to antioxidant nanomaterials for the treatment of AP and highlighting the effects of these nanomaterials on the indicators related to oxidative stress in pathological states, aiming to provide references for follow-up research and promote clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zheng
- Ningxia Medical University, Postgraduate Training Base in Shanghai Gongli Hospital, Pudong New Area, No. 219 Miao Pu Road, Shanghai 200135, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiulong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shige Wang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lianghao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, No. 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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Lim JO, Kim YH, Lee IS, Kim WI, Lee SJ, Pak SW, Shin IS, Kim T. Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl Alleviates Allergic Responses in Asthmatic Mice via Suppression of MAPKs and MMP-9. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906916. [PMID: 36034804 PMCID: PMC9405665 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma is gradually increasing, and endangers human health. Many therapeutic agents have been developed to address this concern. Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl is a traditional herbal remedy in China, Japan, and Korea and used mainly to control common cold, cough, pneumonitis and fever in Donguibogam, a medical encyclopedia of Korea. Therefore, we investigated whether C. cassia (L.) J.Presl extract (CCE) confers protective effects on asthma model induced by ovalbumin (OVA). The animals were received intraperitoneal administration of OVA on day 1 and 14, and then subjected to OVA inhalation from day 21–23. They were orally treated CCE (30 and 100 mg/kg) from day 18–23. CCE administration decreased allergic responses, including airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilia, inflammatory cytokine production, and immunoglobulin E in OVA-exposed mice, along with the decline in inflammatory cell count and mucus secretion in respiratory tract. Additionally, CCE suppressed MAPK phosphorylation and MMP-9 expression in OVA-exposed mice. Overall, CCE treatment attenuated allergic responses induced by OVA exposure, which may be connected to the suppression of MAPK phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Oh Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ik Soo Lee
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Woong-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: In-Sik Shin, ; Taesoo Kim,
| | - Taesoo Kim
- R&D Strategy Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: In-Sik Shin, ; Taesoo Kim,
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Phenolic Secondary Metabolites and Antiradical and Antibacterial Activities of Different Extracts of Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H.Wigg from Călimani Mountains, Romania. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070829. [PMID: 35890128 PMCID: PMC9322614 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds represent an essential bioactive metabolites group with numerous pharmaceutical applications. Our study aims to identify and quantify phenolic constituents of various liquid and dry extracts of Usnea barbata (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg (U. barbata) from Calimani Mountains, Romania, and investigate their bioactivities. The extracts in acetone, 96% ethanol, and water with the same dried lichen/solvent ratio (w/v) were obtained through two conventional techniques: maceration (mUBA, mUBE, and mUBW) and Soxhlet extraction (dUBA, dUBE, and dUBW). High-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) was performed for usnic acid (UA) and different polyphenols quantification. Then, the total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity (AA) were determined through spectrophotometric methods. Using the disc diffusion method (DDM), the antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria known for their pathogenicity: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 49619), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883). All extracts contain phenolic compounds expressed as TPC values. Five lichen extracts display various UA contents; this significant metabolite was not detected in dUBW. Six polyphenols from the standards mixture were quantified only in ethanol and water extracts; mUBE has all individual polyphenols, while dUBE shows only two. Three polyphenols were detected in mUBW, but none was found in dUBW. All U. barbata extracts had antiradical activity; however, only ethanol and acetone extracts proved inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus. In contrast, K. pneumoniae was strongly resistant (IZD = 0). Data analysis evidenced a high positive correlation between the phenolic constituents and bioactivities of each U. barbata extract. Associating these extracts’ properties with both conventional techniques used for their preparation revealed the extraction conditions’ significant influence on lichen extracts metabolites profiling, with a powerful impact on their pharmacological potential.
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Exploring the Mechanism of Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan Decoction in Ventricular Remodeling after Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on UPLC and In Vivo Experiments. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8593176. [PMID: 35615687 PMCID: PMC9126720 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8593176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ventricular remodeling (VR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an important pathophysiological basis for the development of chronic heart failure (CHF). At present, Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan decoction (LGZGD) has been widely reported in the clinical treatment and basic research of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and angina pectoris. However, the mechanism of LGZGD against VR after AMI remains unclear. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was applied to investigate the major constituents of LGZGD, and molecular docking was used to predict the targets on the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway. In vivo, histological changes in the myocardium were visualized using HE staining and Masson staining, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected using TUNEL. IL-1β activity in rat serum was determined by ELISA. Finally, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD expressions were analyzed through RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The results showed that 8 authentic reference substances have been detected in LGZGD. Molecular docking showed that the major chemical constituents of LGZGD had a good binding activity with NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD. Our results showed that LGZGD treatment markedly improved cardiac pathology, decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduced IL-1β activity, and regulated the expression of genes and proteins related to the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signal pathway. These results suggest that LGZGD protects against VR after AMI through NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signal pathway.
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Jia W, Xu L, Xu W, Yang M, Zhang Y. Application of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:1949-1961. [PMID: 36133408 PMCID: PMC9419146 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive system disease. The severity of AP ranges from mild edema in the pancreas to severe systemic inflammatory responses leading to peripancreatic/pancreatic necrosis, multi-organ failure and death. Improving the sensitivity of AP diagnosis and developing alternatives to traditional methods to treat AP have gained the attention of researchers. With the continuous rise of nanotechnology, it is being widely used in daily life, biomedicine, chemical energy and many other fields. Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of nanotechnology in the diagnosis and treatment of AP. Nanotechnology has the advantages of simplicity, rapidity and sensitivity in detecting biomarkers of AP, as well as enhancing imaging, which helps in the early diagnosis of AP. On the other hand, nanoparticles (NPs) have oxidative stress inhibiting and anti-inflammatory effects, and can also be loaded with drugs as well as being used in anti-infection therapy, providing a new approach for the treatment of AP. In this article, we elaborate and summarize on the potential of nanoparticles for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in AP from the current reported literature and experimental results to provide useful guidelines for further research on the application of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiLu Jia
- Medical School, Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - LinFeng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - WenJing Xu
- Medical School, Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China
| | - YeWei Zhang
- Medical School, Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210009 China
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Targeting autophagy, oxidative stress, and ER stress for neurodegenerative diseases treatment. J Control Release 2022; 345:147-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Han T, Cheng T, Liao Y, He Y, Liu B, Lai Q, Pan P, Liu J, Lei C, Cao Y. Development and Validation of a Novel Prognostic Score Based on Thrombotic and Inflammatory Biomarkers for Predicting 28-Day Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:395-408. [PMID: 35068938 PMCID: PMC8769056 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s344446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyong Han
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Liao
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yarong He
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bofu Liu
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lai
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Pan
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junzhao Liu
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Lei
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yu Cao, Emergency Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 28-85422288, Email
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Balkrishna A, Lochab S, Joshi M, Srivastava J, Varshney A. Divya-Herbal-Peya Decoction Harmonizes the Inflammatory Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Zebrafish Model. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:937-955. [PMID: 34880683 PMCID: PMC8648330 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s328864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Divya-Herbal-Peya (DHP) is a plant-based decoction containing fourteen herbs in precise quantities; usually prescribed by the practitioners in Ayurveda to alleviate stress and minimize the exasperating symptoms of recurring infections. Our study aims to provide an experimental validation to the immunomodulatory properties of DHP. Methods Physico-chemical analysis of DHP was performed to evaluate the presence of secondary metabolites. The phytochemicals were then identified and quantitated through HPTLC, UHPLC, and GC-MS techniques. To address the scientific rationale behind DHP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally injected in adult zebrafish to develop inflammatory response. Following LPS-induction, abnormality in locomotory behaviour was determined by evaluating the relative swim velocity and the rate of turning in experimental zebrafish. Pathophysiological effects were determined through opercular frequency, behavioural fever, and caudal fin damage. LPS-mediated inflammation was measured of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β expression in the serum of study animals, by RT-PCR. Results Our study phytochemically characterized and ascertained the presence of glycyrrhizin, rosmarinic acid, gingerol, cinnamic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, piperine and cinnamaldehyde in DHP decoction. LPS induced aberrant locomotory patterns, behavioural fever and caudal fin damage in zebrafish. A significant increase in gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β was also determined. However, these locomotory deviations and behavioural fever were negligible in zebrafish groups pre-administered either with DHP in a dose dependent manner or dexamethasone (DEX). The altered opercular rate, caudal fin damage and elevated transcription levels of pro-inflammatory genes upon LPS-induction were averted in groups pre-treated with DHP and DEX. Conclusion DHP prophylactically prevented the LPS-induced abnormal behaviour and inflammation-related pathophysiology in zebrafish. Immunomodulatory properties of DHP may not have therapeutic intervention, but do confer nutraceutical health benefits against mild infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Patanjali Yog Peeth (UK) Trust, Glasgow, G41 1AU, UK
| | - Savita Lochab
- Department of Biology, Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Monali Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jyotish Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, 249405, Uttarakhand, India.,Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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de Siqueira KA, Liotti RG, de Sousa JR, Vendruscullo SJ, de Souza GB, de Vasconcelos LG, Januário AH, de Oliveira Mendes TA, Soares MA. Streptomyces griseocarneus R132 expresses antimicrobial genes and produces metabolites that modulate Galleria mellonella immune system. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:396. [PMID: 34422537 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinobacteria is a phylum composed of aerobic, Gram-positive, and filamentous bacteria with a broad spectrum of biological activity, including antioxidant, antitumor, and antibiotic. The crude extract of Streptomyces griseocarneus R132 was fractionated on a C18 silica column and the isolated compound was identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance as 3-(phenylprop-2-enoic acid), also known as trans-cinnamic acid. Antimicrobial activity against human pathogens was assayed in vitro (disk-diffusion qualitative test) and in vivo using Galleria mellonella larvae (RT-qPCR). The methanol fractions 132-F30%, 132-F50%, 132-F70%, and 132-F100% inhibited the Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) growth in vitro the most effectively. Compared with the untreated control (60-80% of larvae death), the fractions and isolated trans-cinnamic acid increased the survival rate and modulated the immune system of G. mellonella larvae infected with pathogenic microorganisms. The anti-infection effect of the S. griseocarneus R132 fermentation product led us to sequence its genome, which was assembled and annotated using the Rast and antiSMASH platforms. The assembled genome consisted of 227 scaffolds represented on a linear chromosome of 8.85 Mb and 71.3% of GC. We detected conserved domains typical of enzymes that produce molecules with biological activity, such as polyketides and non-ribosomal and ribosomal peptides, indicating a great potential for obtaining new antibiotics and molecules with biotechnological application. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02942-1.
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Das B, Sarkar C, Rawat VS, Kalita D, Deka S, Agnihotri A. Promise of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors in In Vivo Disease Models. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164996. [PMID: 34443594 PMCID: PMC8399941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are conserved cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that track the intracellular milieu for the existence of infection, disease-causing microbes, as well as metabolic distresses. The NLRP3 inflammasome agglomerates are consequent to sensing a wide spectrum of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Certain members of the NLR family have been documented to lump into multimolecular conglomerates called inflammasomes, which are inherently linked to stimulation of the cysteine protease caspase-1. Following activation, caspase-1 severs the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to their biologically active forms, with consequent commencement of caspase-1-associated pyroptosis. This type of cell death by pyroptosis epitomizes a leading pathway of inflammation. Accumulating scientific documentation has recorded overstimulation of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome involvement in a wide array of inflammatory conditions. IL-1β is an archetypic inflammatory cytokine implicated in multiple types of inflammatory maladies. Approaches to impede IL-1β’s actions are possible, and their therapeutic effects have been clinically demonstrated; nevertheless, such strategies are associated with certain constraints. For instance, treatments that focus on systemically negating IL-1β (i.e., anakinra, rilonacept, and canakinumab) have been reported to result in an escalated peril of infections. Therefore, given the therapeutic promise of an NLRP3 inhibitor, the concerted escalated venture of the scientific sorority in the advancement of small molecules focusing on direct NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition is quite predictable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadeep Das
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel./Fax: +91-135-2462975
| | - Chayna Sarkar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Mawdiangdiang, Shillong 793018, Meghalaya, India;
| | - Vikram Singh Rawat
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Deepjyoti Kalita
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India; (D.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Sangeeta Deka
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India; (D.K.); (S.D.)
| | - Akash Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh 249203, Uttarakhand, India;
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Xu M, Hu TY, Li DC, Ma L, Zhang H, Fan JT, Fan XM, Zeng XH, Qiu SQ, Liu ZQ, Cheng BH. Yan-Hou-Qing formula attenuates ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis in rats via inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:280. [PMID: 32928206 PMCID: PMC7491126 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03077-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yan Hou Qing (YHQ) is a Chinese medicinal formula designed to alleviate sore throat symptoms, but underlying mechanism of YHQ treatment for pharyngitis is poorly defined up to now. METHODS In this study, the modulation of YHQ on pharyngitis is investigated in ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat models. After treatment with YHQ or dexamethasone respectively for five consecutive days, all rats were sacrificed for biomolecular and histopathologic study. Protein expressions of MAPKs, NF-κB, COX-2 and 5-LOX in pharyngitis tissue were evaluated by western blot analysis and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, prostaglandin (PG) E2, leukotrienes (LT)-B4 and LT-D4 in pharyngeal tissue were measured via ELISA assay. Evans blue (EB) dye exudation test was performed parallelly to assess the integrity of pharyngeal tissue. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, EB dye exudation, and inflammatory cytokines in the model group were significantly increased, and the pharynx tissue was obviously infiltrated by inflammatory cells. YHQ treatment improved the inflammatory infiltrate in pharyngeal tissue, and reduced EB dye exudation in AP rat models. The up-regulated TNF-α and IL-6 in pharyngeal tissue of AP were significantly reduced by YHQ through inhibition of phosphorylation of p38, Erk and NF-κB. YHQ treatment also reversed the increased level of PGE2 through down-regulation of COX-2. CONCLUSIONS YHQ formula attenuated the pharyngitis related symptoms via suppression of COX-2 and phosphorylation of p38, Erk and NF-κB (p65).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China.,Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Department of Otolaryngology, The third hospital of Mianyang, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Tian-Yong Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Dong-Cai Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Jun-Ting Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Fan
- Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518102, China
| | - Xian-Hai Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Shu-Qi Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Bao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, 3004 Longgang Avenue, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
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