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Prokakis E, Bamahmoud H, Jansari S, Fritsche L, Dietz A, Boshnakovska A, Rehling P, Johnsen SA, Gallwas J, Wegwitz F. USP22 supports the aggressive behavior of basal-like breast cancer by stimulating cellular respiration. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:120. [PMID: 38347585 PMCID: PMC10863169 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent tumor entity in women worldwide with a high chance of therapeutic response in early- and non-metastatic disease stages. Among all BC subtypes, triple-negative BC (TNBC) is the most challenging cancer subtype lacking effective molecular targets due to the particular enrichment of cancer stem cells (CSCs), frequently leading to a chemoresistant phenotype and metastasis. The Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 22 (USP22) is a deubiquitinase that has been frequently associated with a CSC-promoting function and intimately implicated in resistance to conventional therapies, tumor relapse, metastasis and overall poor survival in a broad range of cancer entities, including BC. To date, though, the role of USP22 in TNBC has been only superficially addressed. METHODS The current study utilized the MMTV-cre, Usp22fl/fl transgenic mouse model to study the involvement of USP22 in the stem cell-like properties of the growing mammary tissue. Additionally, we combined high-throughput transcriptomic analyses with publicly available patient transcriptomic data and utilized TNBC culture models to decipher the functional role of USP22 in the CSC characteristics of this disease. RESULTS Interestingly, we identified that USP22 promotes CSC properties and drug tolerance by supporting the oxidative phosphorylation program, known to be largely responsible for the poor response to conventional therapies in this particularly aggressive BC subtype. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a novel tumor-supportive role of USP22 in sustaining cellular respiration to facilitate the drug-tolerant behavior of HER2+-BC and TNBC cells. Therefore, we posit USP22 as a promising therapeutic target to optimize standard therapies and combat the aggressiveness of these malignancies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Prokakis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of General, Visceral & Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Husam Bamahmoud
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shaishavi Jansari
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena Fritsche
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Dietz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angela Boshnakovska
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehling
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Department of General, Visceral & Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- The Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Gallwas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian Wegwitz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of General, Visceral & Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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2
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Li K, Mocciaro G, Griffin JL, Zhang N. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae acetyltransferase Gcn5 exerts antagonistic pleiotropic effects on chronological ageing. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:10915-10937. [PMID: 37874684 PMCID: PMC10637828 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Compared to replicative lifespan, epigenetic regulation of chronological lifespan (CLS) is less well understood in yeast. Here, by screening all the viable mutants of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), we demonstrate that Gcn5, functioning in the HAT module of the SAGA/SLIK complex, exhibits an epistatic relationship with the HDAC Hda1 to control the expression of starvation-induced stress response and respiratory cell growth. Surprisingly, the gcn5Δ mutants lose their colony-forming potential early in the stationary phase but display a longer maximum CLS than their WT counterparts, suggesting the contradictory roles of Gcn5 in lifespan regulation. Integrative analyses of the transcriptome, metabolome and ChIP assays reveal that Gcn5 is necessary for the activation of two regulons upon glucose starvation: the Msn2/4-/Gis1-dependent stress response and the Cat8-/Adr1-mediated metabolic reprogramming, to enable pro-longevity characteristics, including redox homeostasis, stress resistance and maximal storage of carbohydrates. The activation of Cat8-/Adr1-dependent regulon also promotes the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) bypass, leading to acetyl-CoA synthesis, global and targeted H3K9 acetylation. Global H3K9 acetylation levels mediated by Gcn5 and Hda1 during the transition into stationary phase are positively correlated with senescent cell populations accumulated in the aged cell cultures. These data suggest that Gcn5 lies in the centre of a feed-forward loop between histone acetylation and starvation-induced gene expression, enabling stress resistance and homeostasis but also promoting chronological ageing concomitantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Gabriele Mocciaro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Jules L. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Nianshu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
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3
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Villota-Salazar NA, Ramos-García VH, González-Prieto JM, Hernández-Delgado S. Effects of chemical inhibition of histone deacetylase proteins in the growth and virulence of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:296-306. [PMID: 37296064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling enzymes are important "writers", "readers" and "erasers" of the epigenetic code. These proteins are responsible for the placement, recognition, and removal of molecular marks in histone tails that trigger structural and functional changes in chromatin. This is also the case for histone deacetylases (HDACs), i.e., enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histone tails, signaling heterochromatin formation. Chromatin remodeling is necessary for cell differentiation processes in eukaryotes, and fungal pathogenesis in plants includes many adaptations to cause disease. Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is a nonspecific, necrotrophic ascomycete phytopathogen that causes charcoal root disease. M. phaseolina is a frequent and highly destructive pathogen in crops such as common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), particularly under both water and high temperature stresses. Here, we evaluated the effects of the classical HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on M. phaseolinain vitro growth and virulence. During inhibition assays, the growth of M. phaseolina in solid media, as well as the size of the microsclerotia, were reduced (p<0.05), and the colony morphology was remarkably affected. Under greenhouse experiments, treatment with TSA reduced (p<0.05) fungal virulence in common bean cv. BAT 477. Tests of LIPK, MAC1 and PMK1 gene expression during the interaction of fungi with BAT 477 revealed noticeable deregulation. Our results provide additional evidence about the role of HATs and HDACs in important biological processes of M. phaseolina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nubia Andrea Villota-Salazar
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Ramos-García
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel González-Prieto
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Sanjuana Hernández-Delgado
- Biotecnología Vegetal, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Blvd. del Maestro s/n esq. Elías Piña, Col. Narciso Mendoza, 88710 Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico.
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4
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Sato G, Kuroda K. Overcoming the Limitations of CRISPR-Cas9 Systems in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Off-Target Effects, Epigenome, and Mitochondrial Editing. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041040. [PMID: 37110464 PMCID: PMC10145089 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modification of the genome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has great potential for application in biological research and biotechnological advancements, and the CRISPR-Cas9 system has been increasingly employed for these purposes. The CRISPR-Cas9 system enables the precise and simultaneous modification of any genomic region of the yeast to a desired sequence by altering only a 20-nucleotide sequence within the guide RNA expression constructs. However, the conventional CRISPR-Cas9 system has several limitations. In this review, we describe the methods that were developed to overcome these limitations using yeast cells. We focus on three types of developments: reducing the frequency of unintended editing to both non-target and target sequences in the genome, inducing desired changes in the epigenetic state of the target region, and challenging the expansion of the CRISPR-Cas9 system to edit genomes within intracellular organelles such as mitochondria. These developments using yeast cells to overcome the limitations of the CRISPR-Cas9 system are a key factor driving the advancement of the field of genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Sato
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kouichi Kuroda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Bari KA, Berg MD, Genereaux J, Brandl CJ, Lajoie P. Tra1 controls the transcriptional landscape of the aging cell. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 13:6782959. [PMID: 36315064 PMCID: PMC9836359 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression undergoes considerable changes during the aging process. The mechanisms regulating the transcriptional response to cellular aging remain poorly understood. Here, we employ the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to better understand how organisms adapt their transcriptome to promote longevity. Chronological lifespan assays in yeast measure the survival of nondividing cells at stationary phase over time, providing insights into the aging process of postmitotic cells. Tra1 is an essential component of both the yeast Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase/Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase-like and nucleosome acetyltransferase of H4 complexes, where it recruits these complexes to acetylate histones at targeted promoters. Importantly, Tra1 regulates the transcriptional response to multiple stresses. To evaluate the role of Tra1 in chronological aging, we took advantage of a previously characterized mutant allele that carries mutations in the TRA1 PI3K domain (tra1Q3). We found that loss of functions associated with tra1Q3 sensitizes cells to growth media acidification and shortens lifespan. Transcriptional profiling reveals that genes differentially regulated by Tra1 during the aging process are enriched for components of the response to stress. Notably, expression of catalases (CTA1, CTT1) involved in hydrogen peroxide detoxification decreases in chronologically aged tra1Q3 cells. Consequently, they display increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. tra1Q3 cells are unable to grow on glycerol indicating a defect in mitochondria function. Aged tra1Q3 cells also display reduced expression of peroxisomal genes, exhibit decreased numbers of peroxisomes, and cannot grow on media containing oleate. Thus, Tra1 emerges as an important regulator of longevity in yeast via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleda Afrin Bari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Matthew D Berg
- Present address for Matthew D Berg: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie Genereaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Christopher J Brandl
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Corresponding author: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
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6
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De Luca V, Leo M, Cretella E, Montanari A, Saliola M, Ciaffi G, Vecchione A, Stoppacciaro A, Filetici P. Role of yUbp8 in Mitochondria and Hypoxia Entangles the Finding of Human Ortholog Usp22 in the Glioblastoma Pseudo-Palisade Microlayer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101682. [PMID: 35626719 PMCID: PMC9140154 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
KAT Gcn5 and DUB Ubp8 are required for respiration and mitochondria functions in budding yeast, and in this study we show that loss of respiratory activity is acquired over time. Interestingly, we show that absence of Ubp8 allows cells to grow in hypoxic conditions with altered mitophagy. Comparatively, the aggressive glioblastoma (GBM) multiforme tumor shows survival mechanisms able to overcome hypoxia in the brain. Starting from yeast and our findings on the role of Ubp8 in hypoxia, we extended our analysis to the human ortholog and signature cancer gene Usp22 in glioblastoma tumor specimens. Here we demonstrate that Usp22 is localized and overexpressed in the pseudo-palisade tissue around the necrotic area of the tumor. In addition, Usp22 colocalizes with the mitophagy marker Parkin, indicating a link with mitochondria function in GBM. Collectively, this evidence suggests that altered expression of Usp22 might provide a way for tumor cells to survive in hypoxic conditions, allowing the escape of cells from the necrotic area toward vascularized tissues. Collectively, our experimental data suggest a model for a possible mechanism of uncontrolled proliferation and invasion in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.D.L.); (M.L.); (E.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuela Leo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.D.L.); (M.L.); (E.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Cretella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.D.L.); (M.L.); (E.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Arianna Montanari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.D.L.); (M.L.); (E.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Michele Saliola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.D.L.); (M.L.); (E.C.); (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Gabriele Ciaffi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.V.)
| | - Antonella Stoppacciaro
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’ Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.C.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (P.F.); Tel.: +39-06-3377-6102 (A.S.)
| | - Patrizia Filetici
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology—CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (P.F.); Tel.: +39-06-3377-6102 (A.S.)
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7
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Gcn5p and Ubp8p Affect Protein Ubiquitylation and Cell Proliferation by Altering the Fermentative/Respiratory Flux Balance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. mBio 2020; 11:mBio.01504-20. [PMID: 32788380 PMCID: PMC7439465 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01504-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a study showing a novel role of Gcn5p and Ubp8p in the process of ubiquitylation of the yeast proteome which includes main glycolytic enzymes. Interestingly, in the absence of Gcn5p and Ubp8p glucose consumption and redox balance were altered in yeast. We believe that these results and the role of Gcn5p and Ubp8p in sugar metabolism might open new perspectives of research leading to novel protocols for counteracting the enhanced glycolysis in tumors. Protein ubiquitylation regulates not only endocellular trafficking and proteasomal degradation but also the catalytic activity of enzymes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we analyzed the composition of the ubiquitylated proteomes in strains lacking acetyltransferase Gcn5p, Ub-protease Ubp8p, or both to understand their involvement in the regulation of protein ubiquitylation. We analyzed His6Ub proteins with a proteomic approach coupling micro-liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (μLC-MS/MS) in gcn5Δ, ubp8Δ and ubp8Δ gcn5Δ strains. The Ub-proteome altered in the absence of Gcn5p, Ubp8p, or both was characterized, showing that 43% of the proteins was shared in all strains, suggesting their functional relationship. Remarkably, all major glycolytic enzymes showed increased ubiquitylation. Phosphofructokinase 1, the key enzyme of glycolytic flux, showed a higher and altered pattern of ubiquitylation in gcn5Δ and ubp8Δ strains. Severe defects of growth in poor sugar and altered glucose consumption confirmed a direct role of Gcn5p and Ubp8p in affecting the REDOX balance of the cell.
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Nuño-Cabanes C, Rodríguez-Navarro S. The promiscuity of the SAGA complex subunits: Multifunctional or moonlighting proteins? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1864:194607. [PMID: 32712338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression, the decoding of DNA information into accessible instructions for protein synthesis, is a complex process in which multiple steps, including transcription, mRNA processing and mRNA export, are regulated by different factors. One of the first steps in this process involves chemical and structural changes in chromatin to allow transcription. For such changes to occur, histone tail and DNA epigenetic modifications foster the binding of transcription factors to promoter regions. The SAGA coactivator complex plays a crucial role in this process by mediating histone acetylation through Gcn5, and histone deubiquitination through Ubp8 enzymes. However, most SAGA subunits interact physically with other proteins beyond the SAGA complex. These interactions could represent SAGA-independent functions or a mechanism to widen SAGA multifunctionality. Among the different mechanisms to perform more than one function, protein moonlighting defines unrelated molecular activities for the same polypeptide sequence. Unlike pleiotropy, where a single gene can affect different phenotypes, moonlighting necessarily involves separate functions of a protein at the molecular level. In this review we describe in detail some of the alternative physical interactions of several SAGA subunits. In some cases, the alternative role constitutes a clear moonlighting function, whereas in most of them the lack of molecular evidence means that we can only define these interactions as promiscuous that require further work to verify if these are moonlighting functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carme Nuño-Cabanes
- Gene Expression and RNA Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Jaume Roig, 11, E-46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Rodríguez-Navarro
- Gene Expression and RNA Metabolism Laboratory, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Jaume Roig, 11, E-46010 Valencia, Spain.
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A Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitor with Antifungal Activity against CTG clade Candida Species. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7070201. [PMID: 31311209 PMCID: PMC6680905 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7070201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida species represent one of the most frequent causes of hospital-acquired infections in immunocompromised patient cohorts. Due to a very limited set of antifungals available and an increasing prevalence of drug resistance, the discovery of novel antifungal targets is essential. Targeting chromatin modifiers as potential antifungal targets has gained attention recently, mainly due to their role in regulating virulence in Candida species. Here, we describe a novel activity for the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor Cyclopentylidene-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazone (CPTH2) as a specific inhibitor of CTG clade Candida species. Furthermore, we show that CPTH2 has fungicidal activity and protects macrophages from Candida-mediated death. Thus, this work could provide a starting point for the development of novel antifungals specific to CTG clade Candida species.
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Montanari A, Leo M, De Luca V, Filetici P, Francisci S. Gcn5 histone acetyltransferase is present in the mitoplasts. Biol Open 2019; 8:8/2/bio041244. [PMID: 30777878 PMCID: PMC6398455 DOI: 10.1242/bio.041244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the Lysine-acetyltransferase Gcn5 (KAT2) is part of the SAGA complex and is responsible for histone acetylation widely or at specific lysines. In this paper we report that GCN5 deletion differently affects the growth of two strains. The defective mitochondrial phenotype is related to a marked decrease in mtDNA content, which also involves the deletion of specific regions of the molecule. We also show that in wild-type mitochondria the Gcn5 protein is present in the mitoplasts, suggesting a new mitochondrial function independent from the SAGA complex and possibly a new function for this protein connecting epigenetics and metabolism. Summary: In yeast mitochondria the Gcn5 protein is present in the mitoplasts and is localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its deletion affects the mitochondrial phenotype and is related to a marked decrease of mitochondrial DNA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Montanari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy .,Pasteur Institute Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Leo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Filetici
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology - CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Francisci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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11
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Stoppacciaro A, Di Vito S, Filetici P. Epigenetic Factors and Mitochondrial Biology in Yeast: A New Paradigm for the Study of Cancer Metabolism? Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1349. [PMID: 30524288 PMCID: PMC6258771 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional cross-talk between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA is fundamental for cell homeostasis. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate the inter-organelle communication between nucleus and mitochondria. Recent research highlights not only the retrograde activation of nuclear gene transcription in case of mitochondria dysfunction, but also the role of post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins in respiratory metabolism. Here we discuss some aspects and novel findings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In yeast, KAT-Gcn5 and DUB-Ubp8 have a role in respiration and are localized, as single proteins, into mitochondria. These findings, beside the canonical and widely known nuclear activity of SAGA complex in chromatin regulation, provide novel clues on promising aspects linking evolutionary conserved epigenetic factors to the re-programmed metabolism of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Stoppacciaro
- Surgical Pathology Units, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vito
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Filetici
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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12
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Leo M, Fanelli G, Di Vito S, Traversetti B, La Greca M, Palladino RA, Montanari A, Francisci S, Filetici P. Ubiquitin protease Ubp8 is necessary for S. cerevisiae respiration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:S0167-4889(18)30235-0. [PMID: 30077637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Healthy mitochondria are required in cell metabolism and deregulation of underlying mechanisms is often involved in human diseases and neurological disorders. Post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins regulate their function and activity, accordingly, impairment of ubiquitin proteasome system affects mitochondria homeostasis and organelle dynamics. In the present study we have investigated the role of the ubiquitin protease Ubp8 in S. cerevisiae respiration. We show that Ubp8 is necessary for respiration and its expression is upregulated in glycerol respiratory medium. In addition, we show that the respiratory defects in absence of Ubp8 are efficiently rescued by disruption of the E3 Ub-ligase Psh1, suggesting their epistatic link. Interestingly, we found also that Ubp8 is localized into mitochondria as single protein independently of SAGA complex assembly, thus suggesting an independent function from the nuclear one. We also show evidences on the importance of HAT Gcn5 in sustaining Ubp8 expression and affecting the amount of protein in mitochondria. Collectively, our results have investigated the role of Ubp8 in respiratory metabolism and highlight the role of ubiquitin related pathways in the mitochondrial functions of S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Leo
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fanelli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vito
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Traversetti
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca La Greca
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele A Palladino
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Montanari
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy; Pasteur Institute, Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Italy
| | - Silvia Francisci
- Dept. of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Filetici
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-CNR, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy.
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Cocco E, Leo M, Canzonetta C, Di Vito S, Mai A, Rotili D, Di Napoli A, Vecchione A, De Nunzio C, Filetici P, Stoppacciaro A. KAT3B-p300 and H3AcK18/H3AcK14 levels are prognostic markers for kidney ccRCC tumor aggressiveness and target of KAT inhibitor CPTH2. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:44. [PMID: 29632619 PMCID: PMC5885315 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kidney cancer and clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) are the 16th most common cause of death worldwide. ccRCC is often metastasized at diagnosis, and surgery remains the main treatment; therefore, early diagnosis and new therapeutic strategies are highly desirable. KAT inhibitor CPTH2 lowers histone H3 acetylation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer and cultured cerebellar granule neurons. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of CPTH2 on ccRCC 786-O cell line and analyzed drug targets expressed in ccRCC tumor tissues at different grade. Results CPTH2 decreases cell viability, adhesion, and invasiveness in ccRCC cell line 786-O. It shows preferential inhibition for KAT3B-p300 with hypoacetilating effects on histone H3 at specific H3-K18. Immunohistochemical analysis of 70 ccRCC tumor tissues compared with peritumoral normal epithelium showed a statistical significant reduction of p300/H3AcK18 paralleled by an increase of H3AcK14 in G1 grade and an opposed trend during tumor progression to worst grades. In this study, we demonstrate that these marks are CPTH2 targets and significative prognosticators of low-grade ccRCC tumor. Conclusions ccRCC is substantially insensitive to current therapies, and the efficacy of clinical treatment is dependent on the dissemination stage of the tumor. The present study shows that CPTH2 is able to induce apoptosis and decrease the invasiveness of a ccRCC cell line through the inhibition of KAT3B. In a tumor tissue analysis, we identified new prognosticator marks in grade G1 ccRCC tumors. Low KAT3B/H3AcK18 vs. high H3AcK14 were found in G1 while an opposed trend characterized tumor progression to worst grades. Our collected results suggest that CPTH2 reducing KAT3B and H3AcK18 can be considered a promising candidate for counteracting the progression of ccRCC tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0473-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cocco
- 1Surgical Pathology Units, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Leo
- 2Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin", La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Canzonetta
- 3Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Di Vito
- 4Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-CNR, La Sapienza University of Rome, P.le, A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- 5Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, La Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Dante Rotili
- 5Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, La Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Di Napoli
- 1Surgical Pathology Units, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- 1Surgical Pathology Units, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo De Nunzio
- 6Urology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Filetici
- 4Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-CNR, La Sapienza University of Rome, P.le, A. Moro 5, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Stoppacciaro
- 1Surgical Pathology Units, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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