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Bhuiyan NZ, Hasan MK, Mahmud Z, Hossain MS, Rahman A. Prevention of Alzheimer's disease through diet: An exploratory review. Metabol Open 2023; 20:100257. [PMID: 37781687 PMCID: PMC10539673 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This exploratory review article describes about the genetic factors behind Alzheimer's disease (AD), their association with foods, and their relationships with cognitive impairment. It explores the dietary patterns and economic challenges in AD prevention. Methods Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for articles that examined the relationships between Diets, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and Socioeconomic conditions in preventative Alzheimer's disease studies. Graphs and Network analysis data were taken from Scopus under the MeSH search method, including words, Alzheimer's, APoE4, Tau protein, APP, Amyloid precursor protein, Beta-Amyloid, Aβ, Mediterranean Diet, MD, DASH diet, MIND diet, SES, Socioeconomic, Developed country, Underdeveloped country, Preventions. The network analysis was done through VOS viewer. Results Mediterranean diet (MD) accurately lowers AD (Alzheimer's Disease) risk to 53% and 35% for people who follow it moderately. MIND scores had a statistically significant reduction in AD rate compared to those in the lowest tertial (53% and 35% reduction, respectively). Subjects with the highest adherence to the MD and DASH had a 54% and 39% lower risk of developing AD, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertial. Omega-6, PUFA, found in nuts and fish, can play most roles in the clearance of Aβ. Vitamin D inhibits induced fibrillar Aβ apoptosis. However, the high cost of these diet components rise doubt about the effectiveness of AD prevention through healthy diets. Conclusion The finding of this study revealed an association between diet and the effects of the chemical components of foods on AD biomarkers. More research is required to see if nutrition is a risk or a protective factor for Alzheimer's disease to encourage research to be translated into therapeutic practice and to clarify nutritional advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Zahan Bhuiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sabbir Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National University Bangladesh, Gazipur, 1704, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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2
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Snyder J, Wu Z. Origins of nervous tissue susceptibility to ferroptosis. CELL INSIGHT 2023; 2:100091. [PMID: 37398634 PMCID: PMC10308196 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a newly defined form of programmed cell death. It possesses unique processes of cell demise, cytopathological changes, and independent signal regulation pathways. Ferroptosis is considered to be deeply involved in the development of many diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegeneration. Intriguingly, why cells in certain tissues and organs (such as the central nervous system, CNS) are more sensitive to changes in ferroptosis remains a question that has not been carefully discussed. In this Holmesian review, we discuss lipid composition as a potential but often overlooked determining factor in ferroptosis sensitivity and the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the pathogenesis of several common human neurodegenerative diseases. In subsequent studies of ferroptosis, lipid composition needs to be given special attention, as it may significantly affect the susceptibility of the cell model used (or the tissue studied).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Snyder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
| | - Zhihao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, 75275, USA
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3
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Beteta-Göbel R, Miralles M, Fernández-Díaz J, Rodríguez-Lorca R, Torres M, Fernández-García P, Escribá PV, Lladó V. HCA (2-Hydroxy-Docosahexaenoic Acid) Induces Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9902. [PMID: 36077299 PMCID: PMC9456069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate due to its aggressive nature and high metastatic rate. When coupled to the difficulties in detecting this type of tumor early and the lack of effective treatments, this cancer is currently one of the most important clinical challenges in the field of oncology. Melitherapy is an innovative therapeutic approach that is based on modifying the composition and structure of cell membranes to treat different diseases, including cancers. In this context, 2-hydroxycervonic acid (HCA) is a melitherapeutic agent developed to combat pancreatic cancer cells, provoking the programmed cell death by apoptosis of these cells by inducing ER stress and triggering the production of ROS species. The efficacy of HCA was demonstrated in vivo, alone and in combination with gemcitabine, using a MIA PaCa-2 cell xenograft model of pancreatic cancer in which no apparent toxicity was evident. HCA is metabolized by α-oxidation to C21:5n-3 (heneicosapentaenoic acid), which in turn also showed anti-proliferative effect in these cells. Given the unmet clinical needs associated with pancreatic cancer, the data presented here suggest that the use of HCA merits further study as a potential therapy for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Beteta-Göbel
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- R&D Department, Laminar Pharmaceuticals, C/Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marc Miralles
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- R&D Department, Laminar Pharmaceuticals, C/Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Díaz
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- R&D Department, Laminar Pharmaceuticals, C/Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Lorca
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- R&D Department, Laminar Pharmaceuticals, C/Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Torres
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Paula Fernández-García
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- R&D Department, Laminar Pharmaceuticals, C/Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pablo V. Escribá
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Victoria Lladó
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- R&D Department, Laminar Pharmaceuticals, C/Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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4
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The Novel Antitumor Compound HCA Promotes Glioma Cell Death by Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174290. [PMID: 34503102 PMCID: PMC8428344 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults, and the median survival of patients with GBM is 14.5 months. Melitherapy is an innovative therapeutic approach to treat different diseases, including cancer, and it is based on the regulation of cell membrane composition and structure, which modulates relevant signal pathways. Here, we have tested the effects of 2-hydroxycervonic acid (HCA) on GBM cells and xenograft tumors. HCA was taken up by cells and it compromised the survival of several human GBM cell lines in vitro, as well as the in vivo growth of xenograft tumors (mice) derived from these cells. HCA appeared to enhance ER stress/UPR signaling, which consequently induced autophagic cell death of the GBM tumor cells. This negative effect of HCA on GBM cells may be mediated by the JNK/c-Jun/CHOP/BiP axis, and it also seems to be provoked by the cellular metabolite of HCA, C21:5n-3 (heneicosapentaenoic acid). These results demonstrate the efficacy of the melitherapeutic treatment used and the potential of using C21:5n-3 as an efficacy biomarker for this treatment. Given the safety profile in animal models, the data presented here provide evidence that HCA warrants further clinical study as a potential therapy for GBM, currently an important unmet medical need.
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5
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Yee SM, Lorenz CD. On the Structure and Flip-flop of Free Docosahexaenoic Acid in a Model Human Brain Membrane. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8038-8047. [PMID: 34270235 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c03929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the omega-3 fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, sn22:6) is particularly vital in human brain cell membranes. There is considerable interest in DHA because low-level DHA has been associated with declined cognitive function and poor visual acuity. In this work, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the effects of free protonated DHA (DHAP) in molar fractions of 0, 17, 30, and 38% in a realistic model of a healthy brain cell membrane comprising 26 lipid types. Numerous flip-flop events of DHAP were observed and categorized as successful or aborted. Novel use of the machine learning technique, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), effectively identified flip-flop events by way of clustering. Our data show that increasing amounts of DHAP in the membrane disorder the bilayer packing, fluidize the membrane, and increase the rates of successful flip-flop from k = 0.2 μs-1 (17% DHAP) to 0.8 μs-1 (30% DHAP) and to 1.3 μs-1 (38% DHAP). In addition, we also provided a detailed understanding of the flip-flop mechanism of DHAP across this complex membrane. Interestingly, we noted the role of hydrogen bonds in two distinct coordinated flip-flop phenomena between two DHAP molecules: double flip-flop and assisted flip-flop. Understanding the effects of various concentrations of DHAP on the dynamics within a lipid membrane and the resulting structural properties of the membrane are important when considering the use of DHAP as a dietary supplement or as a potential therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze May Yee
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Christian D Lorenz
- Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
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6
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Annunziata G, Sureda A, Orhan IE, Battino M, Arnone A, Jiménez-García M, Capó X, Cabot J, Sanadgol N, Giampieri F, Tenore GC, Kashani HRK, Silva AS, Habtemariam S, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. The neuroprotective effects of polyphenols, their role in innate immunity and the interplay with the microbiota. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:437-453. [PMID: 34245757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, particularly in the elderly population, represent one of the most pressing social and health-care problems in the world. Besides the well-established role of both oxidative stress and inflammation, alterations of the immune response have been found to be closely linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Interestingly, various scientific evidence reported that an altered gut microbiota composition may contribute to the development of neuroinflammatory disorders. This leads to the proposal of the concept of the gut-brain-immune axis. In this scenario, polyphenols play a pivotal role due to their ability to exert neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and microbiota-remodeling activities. In the present review, we summarized the available literature to provide a scientific evidence regarding this neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects and the interaction with gut microbiota of polyphenols and, the main signaling pathways involved that can explain their potential therapeutic application in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Annunziata
- NutraPharmaLabs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain; CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Istituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Vigo, Spain; Dept of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Angela Arnone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Manuel Jiménez-García
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Xavier Capó
- Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Joan Cabot
- Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands (UIB), Ctra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Nima Sanadgol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Department of Odontostomatologic and Specialized Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- NutraPharmaLabs, Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Ana Sanches Silva
- National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão, Vila do Conde, Oporto, 4485-655, Portugal; Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal.
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Charham-Maritime, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Huang J, Zhao Z, Shao L, Chang C, Sun X, Wang X, Jin Q, Wang X. Steaming, boiling after pre‐frying, and stir‐frying influence the fatty acid profiles and oxidative stability of soybean oil blended with docosahexaenoic acid algal oil. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Huang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Zhengmei Zhao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Linya Shao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Chang Chang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Xiaosan Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu PR China
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8
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Chew H, Solomon VA, Fonteh AN. Involvement of Lipids in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Potential Therapies. Front Physiol 2020; 11:598. [PMID: 32581851 PMCID: PMC7296164 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids constitute the bulk of the dry mass of the brain and have been associated with healthy function as well as the most common pathological conditions of the brain. Demographic factors, genetics, and lifestyles are the major factors that influence lipid metabolism and are also the key components of lipid disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, the most common genetic risk factor of AD, APOE ϵ4 genotype, is involved in lipid transport and metabolism. We propose that lipids are at the center of Alzheimer's disease pathology based on their involvement in the blood-brain barrier function, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, myelination, membrane remodeling, receptor signaling, inflammation, oxidation, and energy balance. Under healthy conditions, lipid homeostasis bestows a balanced cellular environment that enables the proper functioning of brain cells. However, under pathological conditions, dyshomeostasis of brain lipid composition can result in disturbed BBB, abnormal processing of APP, dysfunction in endocytosis/exocytosis/autophagocytosis, altered myelination, disturbed signaling, unbalanced energy metabolism, and enhanced inflammation. These lipid disturbances may contribute to abnormalities in brain function that are the hallmark of AD. The wide variance of lipid disturbances associated with brain function suggest that AD pathology may present as a complex interaction between several metabolic pathways that are augmented by risk factors such as age, genetics, and lifestyles. Herewith, we examine factors that influence brain lipid composition, review the association of lipids with all known facets of AD pathology, and offer pointers for potential therapies that target lipid pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Chew
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Alfred N. Fonteh
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
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9
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Parets S, Irigoyen Á, Ordinas M, Cabot J, Miralles M, Arbona L, Péter M, Balogh G, Fernández-García P, Busquets X, Lladó V, Escribá PV, Torres M. 2-Hydroxy-Docosahexaenoic Acid Is Converted Into Heneicosapentaenoic Acid via α-Oxidation: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:164. [PMID: 32292781 PMCID: PMC7122748 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with as yet no efficient therapies, the pathophysiology of which is still largely unclear. Many drugs and therapies have been designed and developed in the past decade to stop or slow down this neurodegenerative process, although none has successfully terminated a phase-III clinical trial in humans. Most therapies have been inspired by the amyloid cascade hypothesis, which has more recently come under question due to the almost complete failure of clinical trials of anti-amyloid/tau therapies to date. To shift the perspective for the design of new AD therapies, membrane lipid therapy has been tested, which assumes that brain lipid alterations lie upstream in the pathophysiology of AD. A hydroxylated derivative of docosahexaenoic acid was used, 2-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA-H), which has been tested in a number of animal models and has shown efficacy against hallmarks of AD pathology. Here, for the first time, DHA-H is shown to undergo α-oxidation to generate the heneicosapentaenoic acid (HPA, C21:5, n-3) metabolite, an odd-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that accumulates in cell cultures, mouse blood plasma and brain tissue upon DHA-H treatment, reaching higher concentrations than those of DHA-H itself. Interestingly, DHA-H does not share metabolic routes with its natural analog DHA (C22:6, n-3) but rather, DHA-H and DHA accumulate distinctly, both having different effects on cell fatty acid composition. This is partly explained because DHA-H α-hydroxyl group provokes steric hindrance on fatty acid carbon 1, which in turn leads to diminished incorporation into cell lipids and accumulation as free fatty acid in cell membranes. Finally, DHA-H administration to mice elevated the brain HPA levels, which was directly and positively correlated with cognitive spatial scores in AD mice, apparently in the absence of DHA-H and without any significant change in brain DHA levels. Thus, the evidence presented in this work suggest that the metabolic conversion of DHA-H into HPA could represent a key event in the therapeutic effects of DHA-H against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastià Parets
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ángel Irigoyen
- Instrumental Techniques Laboratory, DDUNAV-Drug Development Unit-University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Margarita Ordinas
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Joan Cabot
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marc Miralles
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Laura Arbona
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mária Péter
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Balogh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Paula Fernández-García
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xavier Busquets
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Victoria Lladó
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Pablo V Escribá
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Torres
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Department of Neurosciences and Neurology, Laminar Pharmaceuticals SL, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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10
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Sarrafpour S, Ormseth C, Chiang A, Arakaki X, Harrington M, Fonteh A. Lipid Metabolism in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Differs from Patients Presenting with Other Dementia Phenotypes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16111995. [PMID: 31195602 PMCID: PMC6603882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ42) and Tau and cognitive decline are typical characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since dysregulation in lipid metabolism accompanies abnormal amyloid formation, we quantified glycerophospholipids (GP) and sphingolipids (SP) in CSF fractions from participants with late-onset AD (LOAD, n = 29) or with Other Dementia (OD, n = 10) to determine if alterations in lipid metabolism account for pathological differences. Aβ42 and total Tau levels were determined using a sandwich ELISA. Liposomal-based fluorescent assays were used to measure phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and acid or neutral sphingomyelinase (aSMase, nSMase) activities. Supernatant fluid (SF) and nanoparticle (NP) lipids were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Although CSF Aβ42 and Tau levels are similar, phosphatidylserine (PS) in SF and ceramide (CM) levels in NP are significantly higher in OD compared with LOAD. The aSMase but not the nSMase activity is higher in OD. PLA2 activity in CSF from OD subjects positively correlates with several GP classes in SF and NP fractions but not in LOAD fractions. Our data indicate differences in CSF lipid metabolism between dementia variants. Higher levels of inflammatory and apoptotic lipids may induce faster neuronal death, resulting in the earlier cognitive decline in patients with OD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syena Sarrafpour
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
- School of Medicine, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
| | - Cora Ormseth
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Abby Chiang
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | | | | | - Alfred Fonteh
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA 91105, USA.
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11
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Wang M, Zhang D, Wang Z, Yi X. Improved spatial memory promotes scatter hoarding by Siberian chipmunks. J Mammal 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyy109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianfeng Yi
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China
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12
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Milanovic D, Petrovic S, Brkic M, Avramovic V, Perovic M, Ivkovic S, Glibetic M, Kanazir S. Short-Term Fish Oil Treatment Changes the Composition of Phospholipids While Not Affecting the Expression of Mfsd2a Omega-3 Transporter in the Brain and Liver of the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091250. [PMID: 30200627 PMCID: PMC6165196 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is able to improve Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. We aimed to determine the impact of short-term fish oil (FO) intake on phospholipids composition and plaque pathology in 5xFAD mice, a widely used animal model of AD. A 3-week-long FO supplementation administered at 3 months of age decreased the number of dense core plaques in the 5xFAD cortex and changed phospholipids in the livers and brains of wild-type (Wt) and 5xFAD mice. Livers of both genotypes responded by increase of n-3 and reciprocal decrease of n-6 fatty acids. In Wt brains, FO supplementation induced elevation of n-3 fatty acids and subsequent enhancement of n-6/n-3 ratio. However, in 5xFAD brains the improved n-6/n-3 ratio was mainly due to FO-induced decrease in arachidonic and adrenic n-6 fatty acids. Also, brain and liver abundance of n-3 fatty acids were strongly correlated in Wts, oppositely to 5xFADs where significant brain-liver correlation exists only for n-6 fatty acids. Expression of omega-3 transporter Mfs2a remained unchanged after FO supplementation. We have demonstrated that even a short-term FO intake improves the phospholipid composition and has a significant effect on plaque burden in 5xFAD brains when applied in early stages of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desanka Milanovic
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Snjezana Petrovic
- Center of Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Research, CENM, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marjana Brkic
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Avramovic
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Milka Perovic
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sanja Ivkovic
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Marija Glibetic
- Center of Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Research, CENM, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Selma Kanazir
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
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13
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O'Keefe L, Denton D. Using Drosophila Models of Amyloid Toxicity to Study Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5195416. [PMID: 29888266 PMCID: PMC5985114 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5195416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved catabolic pathway that involves the engulfment of cytoplasmic components such as large protein aggregates and organelles that are delivered to the lysosome for degradation. This process is important in maintaining neuronal function and raises the possibility of a role for autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of these diseases and is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain which arise due to the misfolding and aggregation of toxic peptides, including amyloid beta (Aβ). There is substantial evidence from both AD patients and animal models that autophagy is dysregulated in this disease. However, it remains to be determined whether this is protective or pathogenic as there is evidence that autophagy can act to promote the degradation as well as function in the generation of toxic Aβ peptides. Understanding the molecular details of the extensive crosstalk that occurs between the autophagic and endolysosomal cellular pathways is essential for identifying the molecular details of amyloid toxicity. Drosophila models that express the toxic proteins that aggregate in AD have been generated and have been shown to recapitulate hallmarks of the disease. Here we focus on what is known about the role of autophagy in amyloid toxicity in AD from mammalian models and how Drosophila models can be used to further investigate AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise O'Keefe
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, P.O. Box 11060, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Donna Denton
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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14
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Grimm MOW, Michaelson DM, Hartmann T. Omega-3 fatty acids, lipids, and apoE lipidation in Alzheimer's disease: a rationale for multi-nutrient dementia prevention. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:2083-2101. [PMID: 28528321 PMCID: PMC5665674 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r076331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, it has become obvious that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely linked to changes in lipids or lipid metabolism. One of the main pathological hallmarks of AD is amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. Aβ is derived from sequential proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Interestingly, both, the APP and all APP secretases are transmembrane proteins that cleave APP close to and in the lipid bilayer. Moreover, apoE4 has been identified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for AD. ApoE is the main lipoprotein in the brain, which has an abundant role in the transport of lipids and brain lipid metabolism. Several lipidomic approaches revealed changes in the lipid levels of cerebrospinal fluid or in post mortem AD brains. Here, we review the impact of apoE and lipids in AD, focusing on the major brain lipid classes, sphingomyelin, plasmalogens, gangliosides, sulfatides, DHA, and EPA, as well as on lipid signaling molecules, like ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate. As nutritional approaches showed limited beneficial effects in clinical studies, the opportunities of combining different supplements in multi-nutritional approaches are discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus O W Grimm
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Department of Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, and Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Daniel M Michaelson
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Department of Experimental Neurology and Department of Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, and Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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15
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Escribá PV. Membrane-lipid therapy: A historical perspective of membrane-targeted therapies - From lipid bilayer structure to the pathophysiological regulation of cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1493-1506. [PMID: 28577973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our current understanding of membrane lipid composition, structure and functions has led to the investigation of their role in cell signaling, both in healthy and pathological cells. As a consequence, therapies based on the regulation of membrane lipid composition and structure have been recently developed. This novel field, known as Membrane Lipid Therapy, is growing and evolving rapidly, providing treatments that are now in use or that are being studied for their application to oncological disorders, Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury, stroke, diabetes, obesity, and neuropathic pain. This field has arisen from relevant discoveries on the behavior of membranes in recent decades, and it paves the way to adopt new approaches in modern pharmacology and nutrition. This innovative area will promote further investigation into membranes and the development of new therapies with molecules that target the cell membrane. Due to the prominent roles of membranes in the cells' physiology and the paucity of therapeutic approaches based on the regulation of the lipids they contain, it is expected that membrane lipid therapy will provide new treatments for numerous pathologies. The first on-purpose rationally designed molecule in this field, minerval, is currently being tested in clinical trials and it is expected to enter the market around 2020. However, it seems feasible that during the next few decades other membrane regulators will also be marketed for the treatment of human pathologies. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo V Escribá
- Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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