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Wisłowska-Stanek A, Turzyńska D, Sobolewska A, Kołosowska K, Szyndler J, Skórzewska A, Maciejak P. The effect of valproate on the amino acids, monoamines, and kynurenic acid concentrations in brain structures involved in epileptogenesis in the pentylenetetrazol-kindled rats. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:348-367. [PMID: 38519733 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00573-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to assess the influence of a single valproate (VPA) administration on inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter concentrations in the brain structures involved in epileptogenesis in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled rats. METHODS Adult, male Wistar rats were kindled by repeated intraperitoneal (ip) injections of PTZ at a subconvulsive dose (30 mg/kg, three times a week). Due to the different times required to kindle the rats (18-22 injections of PTZ), a booster dose of PTZ was administrated 7 days after the last rats were kindled. Then rats were divided into two groups: acute administration of VPA (400 mg/kg) or saline given ip. The concentration of amino acids, kynurenic acid (KYNA), monoamines, and their metabolites in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum was assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS It was found that a single administration of VPA increased the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), tryptophan (TRP), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and KYNA concentrations and decreased aspartate (ASP) levels in PTZ-kindled rats in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and striatum. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that a single administration of VPA in the PTZ-kindled rats restored proper balance between excitatory (decreasing the level of ASP) and inhibitory neurotransmission (increased concentration GABA, KYNA) and affecting serotoninergic neurotransmission in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Wisłowska-Stanek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Danuta Turzyńska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Alicja Sobolewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Karolina Kołosowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Janusz Szyndler
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Anna Skórzewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology (CePT), Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957, Warszawa, Poland
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Manubens-Gil L, Pons-Espinal M, Gener T, Ballesteros-Yañez I, de Lagrán MM, Dierssen M. Deficits in neuronal architecture but not over-inhibition are main determinants of reduced neuronal network activity in a mouse model of overexpression of Dyrk1A. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad431. [PMID: 37997361 PMCID: PMC10793573 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the impact of Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) overexpression, a gene associated with Down syndrome, on hippocampal neuronal deficits in mice. Our findings revealed that mice overexpressing Dyrk1A (TgDyrk1A; TG) exhibited impaired hippocampal recognition memory, disrupted excitation-inhibition balance, and deficits in long-term potentiation (LTP). Specifically, we observed layer-specific deficits in dendritic arborization of TG CA1 pyramidal neurons in the stratum radiatum. Through computational modeling, we determined that these alterations resulted in reduced storage capacity and compromised integration of inputs, with decreased high γ oscillations. Contrary to prevailing assumptions, our model suggests that deficits in neuronal architecture, rather than over-inhibition, primarily contribute to the reduced network. We explored the potential of environmental enrichment (EE) as a therapeutic intervention and found that it normalized the excitation-inhibition balance, restored LTP, and improved short-term recognition memory. Interestingly, we observed transient significant dendritic remodeling, leading to recovered high γ. However, these effects were not sustained after EE discontinuation. Based on our findings, we conclude that Dyrk1A overexpression-induced layer-specific neuromorphological disturbances impair the encoding of place and temporal context. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of Dyrk1A-related hippocampal deficits and highlight the challenges associated with long-term therapeutic interventions for cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Manubens-Gil
- Institute for Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, Southeast University (SEU), Biomedical engineering, Sipailou street No. 2, Xuanwu district, 210096, Nanjing, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University (SEU), Sipailou street No. 2, Xuanwu district, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Meritxell Pons-Espinal
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Avinguda de la Granvia de l'Hospitalet, 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) of the University of Barcelona (UB), Avda. Diagonal, 643 Edifici Prevosti, planta -108028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Gener
- Advanced Electronic Materials and Devices Group (AEMD), Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, UAB Campus, Bellaterra Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yañez
- Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla- La Mancha, Camino de Moledores, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - María Martínez de Lagrán
- Cellular and Systems Neurobiology, Systems and Synthetic Biology Program, Center for Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Cellular and Systems Neurobiology, Systems and Synthetic Biology Program, Center for Genomic Regulation, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Network of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), v. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Manubens-Gil L, Pons-Espinal M, Gener T, Ballesteros-Yañez I, de Lagrán MM, Dierssen M. Deficits in neuronal architecture but not over-inhibition are main determinants of reduced neuronal network activity in a mouse model of overexpression of Dyrk1A. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.09.531874. [PMID: 36945607 PMCID: PMC10028951 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.09.531874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal dendritic arbors, dendritic spine "dysgenesis" and excitation inhibition imbalance are main traits assumed to underlie impaired cognition and behavioral adaptation in intellectual disability. However, how these modifications actually contribute to functional properties of neuronal networks, such as signal integration or storage capacity is unknown. Here, we used a mouse model overexpressing Dyrk1A (Dual-specificity tyrosine [Y]-regulated kinase), one of the most relevant Down syndrome (DS) candidate genes, to gather quantitative data regarding hippocampal neuronal deficits produced by the overexpression of Dyrk1A in mice (TgDyrk1A; TG). TG mice showed impaired hippocampal recognition memory, altered excitation-inhibition balance and deficits in hippocampal CA1 LTP. We also detected for the first time that deficits in dendritic arborization in TG CA1 pyramidal neurons are layer-specific, with a reduction in the width of the stratum radiatum, the postsynaptic target site of CA3 excitatory neurons, but not in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare, which receives temporo-ammonic projections. To interrogate about the functional impact of layer-specific TG dendritic deficits we developed tailored computational multicompartmental models. Computational modelling revealed that neuronal microarchitecture alterations in TG mice lead to deficits in storage capacity, altered the integration of inputs from entorhinal cortex and hippocampal CA3 region onto CA1 pyramidal cells, important for coding place and temporal context and on connectivity and activity dynamics, with impaired the ability to reach high γ oscillations. Contrary to what is assumed in the field, the reduced network activity in TG is mainly contributed by the deficits in neuronal architecture and to a lesser extent by over-inhibition. Finally, given that therapies aimed at improving cognition have also been tested for their capability to recover dendritic spine deficits and excitation-inhibition imbalance, we also tested the short- and long-term changes produced by exposure to environmental enrichment (EE). Exposure to EE normalized the excitation inhibition imbalance and LTP, and had beneficial effects on short-term recognition memory. Importantly, it produced massive but transient dendritic remodeling of hippocampal CA1, that led to recovery of high γ oscillations, the main readout of synchronization of CA1 neurons, in our simulations. However, those effects where not stable and were lost after EE discontinuation. We conclude that layer-specific neuromorphological disturbances produced by Dyrk1A overexpression impair coding place and temporal context. Our results also suggest that treatments targeting structural plasticity, such as EE, even though hold promise towards improved treatment of intellectual disabilities, only produce temporary recovery, due to transient dendritic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Manubens-Gil
- SEU-Allen Joint Center, Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Southeast University (SEU), China
| | - Meritxell Pons-Espinal
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB) of the University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Gener
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yañez
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain (UCLM), CRIB, Spain
| | - María Martínez de Lagrán
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), BIST, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Network of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Mara Dierssen
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), BIST, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in the Network of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Spain
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Kruk PK, Nader K, Skupien-Jaroszek A, Wójtowicz T, Buszka A, Olech-Kochańczyk G, Wilczynski GM, Worch R, Kalita K, Włodarczyk J, Dzwonek J. Astrocytic CD44 Deficiency Reduces the Severity of Kainate-Induced Epilepsy. Cells 2023; 12:1483. [PMID: 37296604 PMCID: PMC10252631 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy affects millions of people worldwide, yet we still lack a successful treatment for all epileptic patients. Most of the available drugs modulate neuronal activity. Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain, may constitute alternative drug targets. A robust expansion of astrocytic cell bodies and processes occurs after seizures. Highly expressed in astrocytes, CD44 adhesion protein is upregulated during injury and is suggested to be one of the most important proteins associated with epilepsy. It connects the astrocytic cytoskeleton to hyaluronan in the extracellular matrix, influencing both structural and functional aspects of brain plasticity. METHODS Herein, we used transgenic mice with an astrocyte CD44 knockout to evaluate the impact of the hippocampal CD44 absence on the development of epileptogenesis and ultrastructural changes at the tripartite synapse. RESULTS We demonstrated that local, virally-induced CD44 deficiency in hippocampal astrocytes reduces reactive astrogliosis and decreases the progression of kainic acid-induced epileptogenesis. We also observed that CD44 deficiency resulted in structural changes evident in a higher dendritic spine number along with a lower percentage of astrocyte-synapse contacts, and decreased post-synaptic density size in the hippocampal molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study indicates that CD44 signaling may be important for astrocytic coverage of synapses in the hippocampus and that alterations of astrocytes translate to functional changes in the pathology of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja K. Kruk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Nader
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki-EMBL Partnership for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders-Braincity, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Skupien-Jaroszek
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wójtowicz
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Buszka
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Olech-Kochańczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz M. Wilczynski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Worch
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kalita
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki-EMBL Partnership for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders-Braincity, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Dzwonek
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Hernández-González M, Barrera-Cobos FJ, Hernández-Arteaga E, González-Burgos I, Flores-Soto M, Guevara MA, Cortes PM. Sexual Experience Induces A Preponderance of Mushroom Spines in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Nucleus Accumbens of Male Rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 447:114437. [PMID: 37059188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Sexual experience improves copulatory performance in male rats. Copulatory performance has been associated with dendritic spines density in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc), structures involved in the processing of sexual stimuli and the manifestation of sexual behavior. Dendritic spines modulate excitatory synaptic contacts, and their morphology is associated with the ability to learn from experience. This study was designed to determine the effect of sexual experience on the density of different types or shapes of dendritic spines in the mPFC and NAcc of male rats. A total of 16 male rats were used, half of them were sexually experienced while the other half were sexually inexperienced. After three sessions of sexual interaction to ejaculation, the sexually-experienced males presented shorter mount, intromission, and ejaculation latencies. Those rats presented a higher total dendritic density in the mPFC, and a higher numerical density of thin, mushroom, stubby, and wide spines. Sexual experience also increased the numerical density of mushroom spines in the NAcc. In both the mPFC and NAcc of the sexually experienced rats, there was a lower proportional density of thin spines and a higher proportional density of mushroom spines. Results show that the improvement in copulatory efficiency resulting from prior sexual experience in male rats is associated with changes in the proportional density of thin and mushroom dendritic spines in the mPFC and NAcc. This could represent the consolidation of afferent synaptic information in these brain regions, derived from the stimulus-sexual reward association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Hernández-González
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Barrera-Cobos
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mario Flores-Soto
- División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, IMSS, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Guevara
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pedro Manuel Cortes
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico; Corresponding author at: Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara. Francisco de Quevedo #180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, C.P 44130, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. E-mail:
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Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures are followed by a reduction in the multiunitary activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in adult rats. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 137:108922. [PMID: 36279807 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) blocks the inhibitory action of GABA, triggering a Glu-mediated hyperexcitation of the dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons that leads to the generation of epileptiform seizures. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of PTZ on the electrical activity of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons in male rats. Bipolar electrodes were implanted stereotaxically in the right and left hippocampal CA1 fields of adults, and PTZ (65 mg/kg) was administered i.p. Simultaneous recordings of the field activity and the firing rate (multiunitary activity, MUA) were analyzed at 10, 20, and 30 min post-administration of PTZ. Only rats that presented tonic-clonic seizures during the first 1-5 min after PTZ treatment were included in the study. The recordings of the field activity were analyzed in 4 frequency bands. In both the right and left hippocampal CA1 fields, the relative power corresponding to the slow waves (4-7 Hz) increased, while in the bands 13-30 Hz and 31-50 Hz, it decreased at 10, 20, and 30 min post-PTZ. MUA recordings were analyzed at four levels. The highest levels corresponded to larger amplitudes of the action potentials in the pyramidal neurons. The firing rates of the PTZ-treated rats did not differ from baseline but presented a significant decrement at 10, 20, and 30 min post-PTZ. The decreased firing rate of the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after PTZ treatment could be associated with plastic changes of dendritic spines along with some microenvironmental adaptations at synaptic level, after neuronal PTZ-mediated hyperexcitation.
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Rehabilitation on a treadmill induces plastic changes in the dendritic spines of spinal motoneurons associated with improved execution after a pharmacological injury to the motor cortex in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2022; 125:102159. [PMID: 36087877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2022.102159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lesions to the corticospinal tract result in several neurological symptoms and several rehabilitation protocols have proven useful in attempts to direct underlying plastic phenomena. However, the effects that such protocols may exert on the dendritic spines of motoneurons to enhance accuracy during rehabilitation are unknown. Thirty three female Sprague-Dawley adult rats were injected stereotaxically at the primary motor cerebral cortex (Fr1) with saline (CTL), or kainic acid (INJ), or kainic acid and further rehabilitation on a treadmill 16 days after lesion (INJ+RB). Motor performance was evaluated with the the Basso, Beatie and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotion scale and in the Rotarod. Spine density was quantified in a primary dendrite of motoneurons in Lamina IX in the ventral horn of the thoracolumbar spinal cord as well as spine morphology. AMPA, BDNF, PSD-95 and synaptophysin expression was evaluated by Western blot. INJ+RB group showed higher scores in motor performance. Animals from the INJ+RB group showed more thin, mushroom, stubby and wide spines than the CTL group, while the content of AMPA, BDNF, PSD-95 and Synaptophysin was not different between the groups INJ+RB and CTL. AMPA and synaptophysin content was greater in INJ group than in CTL and INJ+RB groups. The increase in the proportion of each type of spine observed in INJ+RB group suggest spinogenesis and a greater capability to integrate the afferent information to motoneurons under relatively stable molecular conditions at the synaptic level.
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González-Tapia D, Vázquez-Hernández N, Urmeneta-Ortiz F, Navidad-Hernandez N, Lazo-Yepez M, Tejeda-Martínez A, Flores-Soto M, González-Burgos I. 3-Acetylpyridine-induced ataxic-like motor impairments are associated with plastic changes in the Purkinje cells of the rat cerebellum. Neurologia 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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