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Knaup I, Kramann R, Sasula MJ, Mack P, Bastos Craveiro R, Niederau C, Coenen F, Neuss S, Jankowski J, Wolf M. TNF reduces osteogenic cell fate in PDL cells at transcriptional and functional levels without alteration of periodontal proliferative capacity. J Orofac Orthop 2024:10.1007/s00056-024-00541-2. [PMID: 39093345 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-024-00541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on the growth of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, their osteogenic differentiation and modulation of their matrix secretion in vitro. METHODS The influence of 10 ng/ml TNF on proliferation and metabolic activity of PDL cells was analyzed by cell counting (DAPI [4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole] staining) and the MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. In addition, cells were cultured under control conditions and osteogenic conditions (media containing 10 mM β-glycerophosphate). Quantitative expression analysis of genes encoding the osteogenic markers alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and osteopontin (OPN) was performed after 7 and 14 days of cultivation. Calcium deposits were stained with alizarin red. RESULTS Our studies showed that 10 ng/ml TNF did not affect the survival and metabolic activity of PDL cells. Quantitative expression analysis revealed that long-term cultures with TNF impaired osteogenic cell fate at early and late developmental stages. Furthermore, TNF significantly reduced matrix secretion in PDL cells. CONCLUSION The present data confirm TNF as a regulatory factor of proinflammatory remodeling that influences the differentiation behavior but not the metabolism and cell proliferation of the periodontium. Therefore, TNF represents an interesting target for the regulation of orthodontic remodeling processes in the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Knaup
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Clinic for Renal and Hypertensive Disorders, Rheumatological and Immunological Diseases (Medical Clinic II), Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martha-Julia Sasula
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Paula Mack
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rogério Bastos Craveiro
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Niederau
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Coenen
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Wilson CL, Hung CF, Schnapp LM. Endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in mice with postnatal deletion of nephronectin. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268398. [PMID: 35552565 PMCID: PMC9097991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute injury of the lung involves damage to the epithelium and its underlying extracellular matrix (ECM), the basement membrane (BM). How BMs contribute to injury resolution is poorly understood. Nephronectin (NPNT) is a high-affinity ligand for integrin α8β1 and, although first identified in the mouse kidney, is prominently expressed in the lung, where it localizes to BMs in the alveoli. To determine if NPNT plays a role in acute injury and inflammation of the lung, we developed a model for postnatal deletion of NPNT using mice with a floxed allele of Npnt in combination with a tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase expressed at the ROSA locus. Expression of NPNT was substantially reduced in lungs from tamoxifen-treated Cre+ animals. Cre+ mice and Cre- controls were given E. coli LPS by oropharyngeal aspiration to induce injury and inflammation. In Cre- lungs, although both Npnt and Itga8 (integrin α8) transcripts were downregulated at the peak of inflammation, NPNT protein was still detectable. While the onset of inflammation was similar for Cre+ and Cre-, NPNT-deficient lungs still had thickened alveolar septa and there were increased macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the resolution phase. BALF from Cre+ lungs was more chemotactic for bone marrow-derived macrophages than Cre- in in vitro experiments, but there were no differences in the elaboration of chemokines in vivo. We speculate that absence of NPNT in BMs of the alveoli impairs or delays inflammatory and injury resolution in this model, but further studies are needed to establish the precise role of NPNT in tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole L. Wilson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Chi F. Hung
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lynn M. Schnapp
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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Maeda K, Yoshida K, Nishizawa T, Otani K, Yamashita Y, Okabe H, Hadano Y, Kayama T, Kurosaka D, Saito M. Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Molecular Mechanisms of Joint Destruction and Pharmacological Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2871. [PMID: 35270012 PMCID: PMC8911191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a variety of symptoms and pathologies often presenting with polyarthritis. The primary symptom in the initial stage is joint swelling due to synovitis. With disease progression, cartilage and bone are affected to cause joint deformities. Advanced osteoarticular destruction and deformation can cause irreversible physical disabilities. Physical disabilities not only deteriorate patients' quality of life but also have substantial medical economic effects on society. Therefore, prevention of the progression of osteoarticular destruction and deformation is an important task. Recent studies have progressively improved our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which synovitis caused by immune disorders results in activation of osteoclasts; activated osteoclasts in turn cause bone destruction and para-articular osteoporosis. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of bone metabolism under physiological and RA conditions, and we describe the effects of therapeutic intervention against RA on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Ken Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (K.Y.); (K.O.); (D.K.)
| | - Tetsuro Nishizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Kazuhiro Otani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (K.Y.); (K.O.); (D.K.)
| | - Yu Yamashita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Hinako Okabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Yuka Hadano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomohiro Kayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Daitaro Kurosaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (K.Y.); (K.O.); (D.K.)
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (H.O.); (Y.H.); (T.K.); (M.S.)
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Kinoshita M, Yamada A, Sasa K, Ikezaki K, Shirota T, Kamijo R. Phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate inhibits Nephronectin gene expression via Protein kinase C alpha and c-Jun/c-Fos transcription factors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20360. [PMID: 34645824 PMCID: PMC8514542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephronectin (Npnt) is an extracellular matrix protein and ligand of integrin α8β1 known to promote differentiation of osteoblasts. A search for factors that regulate Npnt gene expression in osteoblasts revealed that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which activates protein kinase C (PKC), had a strong effect to suppress that expression. Research was then conducted to elucidate the signaling pathway responsible for regulation of Npnt gene expression by PMA in osteoblasts. Treatment of MC3T3-E1 cells with PMA suppressed cell differentiation and Npnt gene expression. Effects were noted at a low concentration of PMA, and were time- and dose-dependent. Furthermore, treatment with the PKC signal inhibitor Gö6983 inhibited down-regulation of Npnt expression, while transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) of PKCα, c-Jun, and c-Fos suppressed that down-regulation. The present results suggest regulation of Npnt gene expression via the PKCα and c-Jun/c-Fos pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Kinoshita
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Kiyohito Sasa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kaori Ikezaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, 145-8515, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
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Amarasekara DS, Kim S, Rho J. Regulation of Osteoblast Differentiation by Cytokine Networks. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062851. [PMID: 33799644 PMCID: PMC7998677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, play pivotal roles in bone modeling and remodeling. Osteoblast differentiation, also known as osteoblastogenesis, is orchestrated by transcription factors, such as runt-related transcription factor 1/2, osterix, activating transcription factor 4, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 and activator protein-1. Osteoblastogenesis is regulated by a network of cytokines under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Osteoblastogenic cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-11, IL-18, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), cardiotrophin-1 and oncostatin M, promote osteoblastogenesis, whereas anti-osteoblastogenic cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), TNF-β, IL-1α, IL-4, IL-7, IL-12, IL-13, IL-23, IFN-α, IFN-β, leukemia inhibitory factor, cardiotrophin-like cytokine, and ciliary neurotrophic factor, downregulate osteoblastogenesis. Although there are gaps in the body of knowledge regarding the interplay of cytokine networks in osteoblastogenesis, cytokines appear to be potential therapeutic targets in bone-related diseases. Thus, in this study, we review and discuss our osteoblast, osteoblast differentiation, osteoblastogenesis, cytokines, signaling pathway of cytokine networks in osteoblastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulshara Sachini Amarasekara
- Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka;
| | - Sumi Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-821-6420; Fax: +82-42-822-7367
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Nephronectin as a Matrix Effector in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050959. [PMID: 33668838 PMCID: PMC7956348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix provides an important scaffold for cells and tissues of multicellular organisms. The scaffold not only provides a secure anchorage point, but also functions as a reservoir for signalling molecules, sequestered and released when necessary. A dysregulated extracellular matrix may therefore modulate cellular behaviour, as seen during cancer progression. The extracellular matrix protein nephronectin was discovered two decades ago and found to regulate important embryonic developmental processes. Loss of either nephronectin or its receptor, integrin α8β1, leads to underdeveloped kidneys. Recent findings show that nephronectin is also dysregulated in breast cancer and plays a role in promoting metastasis. To enable therapeutic intervention, it is important to fully understand the role of nephronectin and its receptors in cancer progression. In this review, we summarise the literature on nephronectin, analyse the structure and domain-related functions of nephronectin and link these functions to potential roles in cancer progression. Abstract The extracellular matrix protein nephronectin plays an important regulatory role during embryonic development, controlling renal organogenesis through integrin α8β1 association. Nephronectin has three main domains: five N-terminal epidermal growth factor-like domains, a linker region harbouring two integrin-binding motifs (RGD and LFEIFEIER), and a C-terminal MAM domain. In this review, we look into the domain-related functions of nephronectin, and tissue distribution and expression. During the last two decades it has become evident that nephronectin also plays a role during cancer progression and in particular metastasis. Nephronectin is overexpressed in both human and mouse breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue where the protein is absent. Cancer cells expressing elevated levels of nephronectin acquire increased ability to colonise distant organs. In particular, the enhancer-motif (LFEIFEIER) which is specific to the integrin α8β1 association induces viability via p38 MAPK and plays a role in colonization. Integrins have long been desired as therapeutic targets, where low efficiency and receptor redundancy have been major issues. Based on the summarised publications, the enhancer-motif of nephronectin could present a novel therapeutic target.
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Melatonin Reverses the Loss of Stemness Induced by TNF- α in Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Upregulation of YAP Expression. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:6568394. [PMID: 32082385 PMCID: PMC7012241 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6568394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for tissue regeneration and disease treatment. However, long-term in vitro culture results in loss of MSC stemness. The inflammation that occurs at stem cell transplant sites (such as that resulting from TNF-α) is a contributing factor for stem cell treatment failure. Currently, there is little evidence regarding the protective role of melatonin with regard to the negative effects of TNF-α on the stemness of MSCs. In this study, we report a melatonin-based method to reduce the inflammatory effects on the stemness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). The results of colony formation assays, Alizarin red staining, western blotting, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions suggest that melatonin can reverse the inflammatory damage caused by TNF-α treatment in the third, seventh, and tenth generations of primary BMMSCs (vs. control and the TNF-α-treated group). Meanwhile, a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms showed that the melatonin receptor and YAP signaling pathway are closely related to the role that melatonin plays in negative inflammatory effects against BMMSCs. In addition, in vivo experiments showed that melatonin could reverse the damage caused by TNF-α on bone regeneration by BMMSCs in nude mice. Overall, our results suggest that melatonin can reverse the loss of stemness caused by inflammatory factor TNF-α in BMMSCs. Our results also provide a practical strategy for the application of BMMSCs in tissue engineering and cell therapy.
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Ras associated with diabetes may play a role in fracture nonunion development in rats. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:602. [PMID: 31830958 PMCID: PMC6909478 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rad is the prototypic member of a subfamily of Ras-related small G-proteins and is highly expressed in the skeletal muscle of patients with type II diabetes. Our previous microarray analysis suggested that Rad may mediate fracture nonunion development. Thus, the present study used rat experimental models to investigate and compare the gene and protein expression patterns of both Rad and Rem1, another RGK subfamily member, in nonunions and standard healing fractures. Methods Standard healing fractures and nonunions (produced via periosteal cauterization at the fracture site) were created in the femurs of 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. At post-fracture days 7, 14, 21, and 28, the fracture callus and fibrous tissue from the standard healing fractures and nonunions, respectively, were harvested and screened (via real-time PCR) for Rad and Rem1 expression. The immunolocalization of both encoded proteins was analyzed at post-fracture days 14 and 21. At the same time points, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to identify the detailed tissue structures. Results Results of real-time PCR analysis showed that Rad expression increased significantly in the nonunions, compared to that in the standard healing fractures, at post-fracture days 14, 21, and 28. Conversely, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the immunolocalization of Rad to be similar to that of Rem1 in both fracture types at post-fracture days 14 and 21. Conclusions Rad may mediate nonunion development, and thus, may be a promising therapeutic target to treat these injuries.
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Xu CP, Sun HT, Yang YJ, Cui Z, Wang J, Yu B, Wang FZ, Yang QP, Qi Y. ELP2 negatively regulates osteoblastic differentiation impaired by tumor necrosis factor α in MC3T3-E1 cells through STAT3 activation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18075-18085. [PMID: 30847950 PMCID: PMC6618314 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) is a pluripotent signaling molecule. The biological effect of TNF‐α includes slowing down osteogenic differentiation, which can lead to bone dysplasia in long‐term inflammatory microenvironments. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)‐interacting protein 1 (StIP1, also known as elongator complex protein 2, ELP2) play a role in inhibiting TNF‐α‐induced osteoblast differentiation. In the present study, we investigated whether and how ELP2 activation mediates the effects of TNF‐α on osteoblastic differentiation. Using in vitro cell cultures of preosteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells, we found that TNF‐α inhibited osteoblastic differentiation accompanied by an increase in ELP2 expression and STAT3 activation. Forced ELP2 expression inhibited osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells, with a decrease in the expression of osteoblast marker genes, alkaline phosphatase activity, and matrix mineralization capacity. In contrast, ELP2 silencing ameliorated osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3‐E1 cells, even after TNF‐α stimulation. The TNF‐α‐induced inhibitory effect on osteoblastic differentiation was therefore mediated by ELP2, which was associated with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 activation. These results suggest that ELP2 is upregulated at the differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells into osteoblasts and inhibits osteogenic differentiation in response to TNF‐α through STAT3 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Peng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Po Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Kato T, Yamada A, Sasa K, Yoshimura K, Morimura N, Ogata H, Sakashita A, Kamijo R. Nephronectin Expression is Inhibited by Inorganic Phosphate in Osteoblasts. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:201-206. [PMID: 30341591 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0484-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nephronectin (Npnt), an extracellular matrix protein, is known to be a ligand of integrin α8β1, and it has also been known to play critical roles as various organs. In the present study, elevated extracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi) strongly inhibited the expression of Npnt in MC3T3-E1 cells, while the existence of extracellular calcium (Ca) was indispensable for its effect. Furthermore, Pi-induced inhibition of Npnt gene expression was recovered by inhibitors of both sodium-dependent Pi transporter (Pit) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (Fgfrs). These results demonstrated that Npnt gene expression is regulated by extracellular Pi via Pit and Fgfrs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Kato
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, 142-8555, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1 Chigasakichuo, Tsuzuki, Yokohama, 224-8503, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Kiyohito Sasa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ogata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1 Chigasakichuo, Tsuzuki, Yokohama, 224-8503, Japan
| | - Akiko Sakashita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, 35-1 Chigasakichuo, Tsuzuki, Yokohama, 224-8503, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa, 142-8555, Japan
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Tang J, Saito T. Nephronectin Stimulates the Differentiation of MDPC-23 Cells into an Odontoblast-like Phenotype. J Endod 2018; 43:263-271. [PMID: 28132711 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present study investigated the in vitro effects of nephronectin (Npnt) on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of a rat odontoblast-like cell line (MDPC-23 cells). METHODS MDPC-23 cells were cultured on Npnt-coated polystyrene or in the presence of soluble Npnt. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 kit (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was quantified using an ALP activity assay. A reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of odontogenic markers and integrin(s). Alizarin red staining was conducted to quantify the calcium deposition. RESULTS Soluble Npnt had no adverse effect on the proliferation of MDPC-23 cells, but it exhibited concentration-dependent inhibitory activity toward differentiation. In contrast, coated Npnt promoted cell proliferation dramatically and significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of odontogenesis-related genes; moreover, mRNA expression of integrin α1, α3, α5, β1, and β5 was found to be augmented. MDPC-23 cells cultured on Npnt-coated polystyrene displayed markedly higher ALP activity as early as day 3 after inoculation. In addition, mineralization was accelerated on Npnt-coated polystyrene. CONCLUSIONS Npnt in its immobilized form enhanced the proliferation of MDPC-23 cells and induced this odontoblastic precursor cell line to differentiate into a mineralizing phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tang
- Division of Clinical Cariology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Takashi Saito
- Division of Clinical Cariology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan
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12
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Sun Y, Kuek V, Qiu H, Tickner J, Chen L, Wang H, He W, Xu J. The emerging role of NPNT in tissue injury repair and bone homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1887-1894. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Sun
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Vincent Kuek
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
| | - Leilei Chen
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Haibin Wang
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
| | - Jiake Xu
- The National Key Discipline and the Orthopedic Laboratory; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong P. R. China
- School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; The University of Western Australia; Perth WA Australia
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13
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El-Jawhari JJ, Jones E, Giannoudis PV. The roles of immune cells in bone healing; what we know, do not know and future perspectives. Injury 2016; 47:2399-2406. [PMID: 27809990 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Key events occurring during the bone healing include well-orchestrated and complex interactions between immune cells, multipotential stromal cells (MSCs), osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Through three overlapping phases of this physiological process, innate and adaptive immune cells, cytokines and chemokines have a significant role to play. The aim of the escalating immune response is to achieve an osseous healing in the shortest time and with the least complications facilitating the restoration of function. The uninterrupted progression of these biological events in conjunction with a favourable mechanical environment (stable fracture fixation) remains the hallmark of successful fracture healing. When failure occurs, either the biological environment or the mechanical one could have been disrupted. Not infrequently both may be compromised. Consequently, regenerative treatments involving the use of bone autograft, allograft or synthetic matrices supplemented with MSCs are increasingly used. A better understanding of the bone biology and osteoimmunology can help to improve these evolving cell-therapy based strategies. Herein, an up to date status of the role of immune cells during the different phases of bone healing is presented. Additionally, the known and yet to know events about immune cell interactions with MSCs and osteoblasts and osteoclasts and the therapeutic implications are being discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehan J El-Jawhari
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St. James Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, University of Leeds, UK.
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14
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Hiranuma K, Yamada A, Kurosawa T, Aizawa R, Suzuki D, Saito Y, Nagahama R, Ikehata M, Tsukasaki M, Morimura N, Chikazu D, Maki K, Shirota T, Takami M, Yamamoto M, Iijima T, Kamijo R. Expression of nephronectin is enhanced by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. FEBS Open Bio 2016; 6:914-8. [PMID: 27642554 PMCID: PMC5011489 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein nephronectin (Npnt), also called POEM, is considered to play critical roles as an adhesion molecule in development and functions of various tissues, such as the kidneys, liver, and bone. In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism of Npnt gene expression and found that vitamin D3 (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3,VD 3) strongly enhanced Npnt mRNA expression in MC3T3-E1 cells from a mouse osteoblastic cell line. The VD 3-induced increase in Npnt expression is both time- and dose-dependent and is mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Hiranuma
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan; Department of Perioperative Medicine Division of Anesthesiology School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tamaki Kurosawa
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Aizawa
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan; Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Dai Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Nagahama
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan; Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Mikiko Ikehata
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tokyo Medical University Japan
| | - Masayuki Tsukasaki
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan; Present address: Department of Immunology Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Brain Science Laboratory The Research Organization of Science and Technology Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Shiga Japan
| | - Daichi Chikazu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tokyo Medical University Japan
| | - Koutaro Maki
- Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Matsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Takehiko Iijima
- Department of Perioperative Medicine Division of Anesthesiology School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry School of Dentistry Showa University Tokyo Japan
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15
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Kurosawa T, Yamada A, Suzuki D, Morimura N, Sasagane Y, Itabe H, Kamijo R. Nephronectin Expression Is Up-Regulated by BMP-2. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1211-5. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Kurosawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Showa University School of Pharmacy
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University
| | - Dai Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Brain Science Laboratory, The Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University
| | | | - Hiroyuki Itabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Showa University School of Pharmacy
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University
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16
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Liao N, Huang Y, Ye J, Chen W, Li ZF, Lin R, Li X, Zheng L, Liu X. Protective effects of Tougu Xiaotong capsule on tumor necrosis factor-α-injured UMR-106 cells. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1908-1914. [PMID: 26640571 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in the abnormal metabolism of osteoblasts (OBs), which leads to subchondral bone (SB) alterations in osteoarthritis. In the present study, Tougu Xiaotong capsule (TXC), a traditional Chinese medicine, was used to treat TNF-α-injured OB-like cells. The cellular viability, mortality and ultramicroscopic morphology were evaluated. Thereafter, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), secretion of osteocalcin (OCN) and mineralization of nodules were analyzed. The results showed that TXC treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation, reduced cellular mortality and improved cellular ultrastructure, particularly that of the endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus. These data indicate that TXC is able to promote cell growth, as well as prevent inflammation in OB-like cells. Furthermore, the activity of ALP, secretion of OCN and mineralization of nodules were accelerated, and the calcium content of the TNF-α-injured OB-like cells was promoted by TXC treatment. These results indicate that TXC protected the OB-like cells from TNF-α-induced injuries. This may be a potential mechanism through which TXC regulates SB remodeling in the clinical treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naishun Liao
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yunmei Huang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; National Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology (Cell Structure and Function), Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jinxia Ye
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Wenlie Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; National Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology (Cell Structure and Function), Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zuan Fang Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; National Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology (Cell Structure and Function), Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Ruhui Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; National Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology (Cell Structure and Function), Fujian Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xihai Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Liangpu Zheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xianxiang Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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17
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Bone Loss Triggered by the Cytokine Network in Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:832127. [PMID: 26065006 PMCID: PMC4434203 DOI: 10.1155/2015/832127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is a lifelong process in vertebrates that relies on the correct balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Bone loss and fracture risk are implicated in inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The network of inflammatory cytokines produced during chronic inflammation induces an uncoupling of bone formation and resorption, resulting in significant bone loss in patients with inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Here, we review and discuss the involvement of the inflammatory cytokine network in the pathophysiological aspects and the therapeutic advances in inflammatory autoimmune diseases.
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18
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Kurosawa T, Yamada A, Takami M, Suzuki D, Saito Y, Hiranuma K, Enomoto T, Morimura N, Yamamoto M, Iijima T, Shirota T, Itabe H, Kamijo R. Expression of nephronectin is inhibited by oncostatin M via both JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:303-7. [PMID: 25905035 PMCID: PMC4404411 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M regulates nephronectin (Npnt) gene expression in a dose- and time dependent manner. Nephronectin gene expression is regulated by JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. Down-regulation of Npnt influences inhibition of osteoblast differentiation by oncostatin M.
Nephronectin (Npnt), also called POEM, is an extracellular matrix protein considered to play critical roles as an adhesion molecule in the development and functions of various tissues, such as the kidneys, liver, and bones. In the present study, we examined the molecular mechanism of Npnt gene expression and found that oncostatin M (OSM) strongly inhibited Npnt mRNA expression in MC3T3-E1 cells from a mouse osteoblastic cell line. OSM also induced a decrease in Npnt expression in both time- and dose-dependent manners via both the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways. In addition, OSM-induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation was recovered by over-expression of Npnt. These results suggest that OSM inhibits Npnt expression via the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways, while down-regulation of Npnt by OSM influences inhibition of osteoblast differentiation.
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Key Words
- BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein-2
- ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- JAK, janus kinase
- JAK/STAT
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- MAM, meprin, A5 protein, and receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase μ
- MAPK
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MEF2, myocyte enhancer-binding factor 2A
- Nephronectin
- Npnt, nephronectin
- OSM, oncostatin M
- OSMR, OSM receptor
- Oncostatin M
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Kurosawa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masamichi Takami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Dai Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hiranuma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Department of Perioperative Medicine Division of Anesthesiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Takuya Enomoto
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan ; Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Naoko Morimura
- Brain Science Laboratory, The Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Matsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Takehiko Iijima
- Department of Perioperative Medicine Division of Anesthesiology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ohta, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Itabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Dimitroulas T, Nikas SN, Trontzas P, Kitas GD. Biologic therapies and systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2013; 12:958-66. [PMID: 23542506 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation affects bone metabolism leading to disequilibrium in the rates of bone resorption and repair and subsequently to local and generalized bone loss. Osteoporosis represents an important co-morbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, which exhibit increased fracture risk. Osteoclasts play a pivotal role in the development and progression of bone loss, while resident synovial cells such as T cells, monocytes and synovial fibroblasts have been identified as sources of osteoclast differentiation signals in RA. This process is mainly mediated through the receptor activator of nuclear-kappa B ligand (RANKL) signalling system, which is upregulated by numerous proinflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of RA. Improved knowledge of the association between cells and cytokines of the immune system and their relationship to bone remodeling has revealed several promising targets for the treatment of inflammatory bone loss in RA. In this respect, initiation of biologic therapies targeting inflammatory cytokines and/or lymphocyte activation has modified RA therapy not only by blocking local and systemic inflammatory cascades but also by providing beneficial effects against bone and joint degradation. In this article we briefly present the modern view of the mechanisms that govern inflammatory bone loss, highlighting the role of cytokine-induced molecular pathways, and discuss in detail the effects of different biologic treatment strategies on bone mass in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Dimitroulas
- Department of Rheumatology, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Trust, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley, West Midlands, UK.
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New insights into adhesion signaling in bone formation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 305:1-68. [PMID: 23890379 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407695-2.00001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mineralized tissues that are protective scaffolds in the most primitive species have evolved and acquired more specific functions in modern animals. These are as diverse as support in locomotion, ion homeostasis, and precise hormonal regulation. Bone formation is tightly controlled by a balance between anabolism, in which osteoblasts are the main players, and catabolism mediated by the osteoclasts. The bone matrix is deposited in a cyclic fashion during homeostasis and integrates several environmental cues. These include diffusible elements that would include estrogen or growth factors and physicochemical parameters such as bone matrix composition, stiffness, and mechanical stress. Therefore, the microenvironment is of paramount importance for controlling this delicate equilibrium. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent data highlighting the role of cell-adhesion molecules during bone formation. Due to the very large scope of the topic, we focus mainly on the role of the integrin receptor family during osteogenesis. Bone phenotypes of some deficient mice as well as diseases of human bones involving cell adhesion during this process are discussed in the context of bone physiology.
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation including autoimmune disease is an important risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) play a central role in osteoclast differentiation and function, and the molecular pathways by which M-CSF and RANKL induce osteoclast differentiation have been analyzed in detail. Proinflammatory cytokines directly or indirectly regulate osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption providing a link between inflammation and osteoporosis. Tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-17 are the most important proinflammatory cytokines triggering inflammatory bone loss. Inhibition of these cytokines has provided potent therapeutic effects in the treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Further investigation is needed to understand the pathophysiology and to develop new strategies to treat inflammatory bone loss. This review summarizes new data on inflammatory bone loss obtained in 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Braun
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 and Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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