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Seiler C, Gebhart N, Zhang Y, Shinton SA, Li YS, Ross NL, Liu X, Li Q, Bilbee AN, Varshney GK, LaFave MC, Burgess SM, Balciuniene J, Balciunas D, Hardy RR, Kappes DJ, Wiest DL, Rhodes J. Mutagenesis Screen Identifies agtpbp1 and eps15L1 as Essential for T lymphocyte Development in Zebrafish. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131908. [PMID: 26161877 PMCID: PMC4498767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic screens are a powerful tool to discover genes that are important in immune cell development and function. The evolutionarily conserved development of lymphoid cells paired with the genetic tractability of zebrafish make this a powerful model system for this purpose. We used a Tol2-based gene-breaking transposon to induce mutations in the zebrafish (Danio rerio, AB strain) genome, which served the dual purpose of fluorescently tagging cells and tissues that express the disrupted gene and provided a means of identifying the disrupted gene. We identified 12 lines in which hematopoietic tissues expressed green fluorescent protein (GFP) during embryonic development, as detected by microscopy. Subsequent analysis of young adult fish, using a novel approach in which single cell suspensions of whole fish were analyzed by flow cytometry, revealed that 8 of these lines also exhibited GFP expression in young adult cells. An additional 15 lines that did not have embryonic GFP+ hematopoietic tissue by microscopy, nevertheless exhibited GFP+ cells in young adults. RT-PCR analysis of purified GFP+ populations for expression of T and B cell-specific markers identified 18 lines in which T and/or B cells were fluorescently tagged at 6 weeks of age. As transposon insertion is expected to cause gene disruption, these lines can be used to assess the requirement for the disrupted genes in immune cell development. Focusing on the lines with embryonic GFP+ hematopoietic tissue, we identified three lines in which homozygous mutants exhibited impaired T cell development at 6 days of age. In two of the lines we identified the disrupted genes, agtpbp1 and eps15L1. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of these genes mimicked the T cell defects in the corresponding mutant embryos, demonstrating the previously unrecognized, essential roles of agtpbp1 and eps15L1 in T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Seiler
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nichole Gebhart
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yong Zhang
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Susan A. Shinton
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yue-sheng Li
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nicola L. Ross
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xingjun Liu
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Qin Li
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alison N. Bilbee
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gaurav K. Varshney
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew C. LaFave
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shawn M. Burgess
- Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jorune Balciuniene
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Darius Balciunas
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard R. Hardy
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dietmar J. Kappes
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - David L. Wiest
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Rhodes
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hisano Y, Inoue A, Taimatsu K, Ota S, Ohga R, Kotani H, Muraki M, Aoki J, Kawahara A. Comprehensive analysis of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor mutants during zebrafish embryogenesis. Genes Cells 2015; 20:647-58. [PMID: 26094551 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates various physiological and pathological phenomena such as angiogenesis and oncogenesis. Secreted S1P associates with the G-protein-coupled S1P receptors (S1PRs), leading to the activation of downstream signaling molecules. In mammals, five S1prs have been identified and the genetic disruption of a single S1pr1 gene causes vascular defects. In zebrafish, seven s1prs have been isolated. We found that individual s1prs showed unique expression patterns with some overlapping expression domains during early embryogenesis. We generated all s1pr single-mutant zebrafish by introducing premature stop codons in their coding regions using transcription activator-like effector nucleases and analyzed their phenotypes during early embryogenesis. Zygotic s1pr1, s1pr3a, s1pr3b, s1pr4, s1pr5a and s1pr5b mutants showed no developmental defects and grew into adults, whereas zygotic s1pr2 mutant showed embryonic lethality with a cardiac defect, showing quite distinct embryonic phenotypes for individual S1pr mutants between zebrafish and mouse. We further generated maternal-zygotic s1pr1, s1pr3a, s1pr3b, s1pr4, s1pr5a and s1pr5b mutants and found that these maternal-zygotic mutants also showed no obvious developmental defects, presumably suggesting the redundant functions of the S1P receptor-mediated signaling in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hisano
- Laboratory for Developmental Gene Regulation, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Molecular Dynamics, Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0074, Japan
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-8613, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Taimatsu
- Laboratory for Developmental Biology, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ota
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Molecular Dynamics, Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0074, Japan.,Laboratory for Developmental Biology, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Rie Ohga
- Laboratory for Developmental Biology, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hirohito Kotani
- Laboratory for Developmental Biology, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Michiko Muraki
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Molecular Dynamics, Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0074, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-8613, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kawahara
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Molecular Dynamics, Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0074, Japan.,Laboratory for Developmental Biology, Center for Medical Education and Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
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Precise in-frame integration of exogenous DNA mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 system in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8841. [PMID: 25740433 PMCID: PMC4350073 DOI: 10.1038/srep08841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides a powerful tool for genome editing in various model organisms, including zebrafish. The establishment of targeted gene-disrupted zebrafish (knockouts) is readily achieved by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome modification. Recently, exogenous DNA integration into the zebrafish genome via homology-independent DNA repair was reported, but this integration contained various mutations at the junctions of genomic and integrated DNA. Thus, precise genome modification into targeted genomic loci remains to be achieved. Here, we describe efficient, precise CRISPR/Cas9-mediated integration using a donor vector harbouring short homologous sequences (10-40 bp) flanking the genomic target locus. We succeeded in integrating with high efficiency an exogenous mCherry or eGFP gene into targeted genes (tyrosinase and krtt1c19e) in frame. We found the precise in-frame integration of exogenous DNA without backbone vector sequences when Cas9 cleavage sites were introduced at both sides of the left homology arm, the eGFP sequence and the right homology arm. Furthermore, we confirmed that this precise genome modification was heritable. This simple method enables precise targeted gene knock-in in zebrafish.
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