1
|
Li H, Chen L, Liu R, Cao S, Lu Z. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Floral Buds before and after Opening in Walnut ( Juglans regia L.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7878. [PMID: 39063121 PMCID: PMC11276623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a typical and an economically important tree species for nut production with heterodichogamy. The absence of female and male flowering periods seriously affects both the pollination and fruit setting rates of walnuts, thereby affecting the yield and quality. Therefore, studying the characteristics and processes of flower bud differentiation helps in gaining a deeper understanding of the regularity of the mechanism of heterodichogamy in walnuts. In this study, a total of 3540 proteins were detected in walnut and 885 unique differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using the isobaric tags for the relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-labeling method. Among all DEPs, 12 common proteins were detected in all four of the obtained contrasts. GO and KEGG analyses of 12 common DEPs showed that their functions are distributed in the cytoplasm metabolic pathways, photosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which are involved in energy production and conversion, synthesis, and the breakdown of proteomes. In addition, a function analysis was performed, whereby the DEPs were classified as involved in photosynthesis, morphogenesis, metabolism, or the stress response. A total of eight proteins were identified as associated with the morphogenesis of stamen development, such as stamen-specific protein FIL1-like (XP_018830780.1), putative leucine-rich repeat receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase At2g24130 (XP_018822513.1), cytochrome P450 704B1-like isoform X2 (XP_018845266.1), ervatamin-B-like (XP_018824181.1), probable glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase A6 (XP_018844051.1), pathogenesis-related protein 5-like (XP_018835774.1), GDSL esterase/lipase At5g22810-like (XP_018833146.1), and fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2 (XP_018848853.1). Our results predict several crucial proteins and deepen the understanding of the biochemical mechanism that regulates the formation of male and female flower buds in walnuts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoxian Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Ruitao Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Shangyin Cao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Zhenhua Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Sanya 572000, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu L, Li F, Xie T, Li Z, Tian T, An X, Wei X, Long Y, Jiao Z, Wan X. Receptor-like kinases and their signaling cascades for plant male fertility: loyal messengers. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1421-1434. [PMID: 38174365 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are evolved for plant cell-cell communications. The typical RLK protein contains an extracellular and hypervariable N-terminus to perceive various signals, a transmembrane domain to anchor into plasma membrane, and a cytoplasmic, highly conserved kinase domain to phosphorylate target proteins. To date, RLKs have manifested their significance in a myriad of biological processes during plant reproductive growth, especially in male fertility. This review first summarizes a recent update on RLKs and their interacting protein partners controlling anther and pollen development, pollen release from dehisced anther, and pollen function during pollination and fertilization. Then, regulatory networks of RLK signaling pathways are proposed. In addition, we predict RLKs in maize and rice genome, obtain homologs of well-studied RLKs from phylogeny of three subfamilies and then analyze their expression patterns in developing anthers of maize and rice to excavate potential RLKs regulating male fertility in crops. Finally, current challenges and future prospects regarding RLKs are discussed. This review will contribute to a better understanding of plant male fertility control by RLKs, creating potential male sterile lines, and inspiring innovative crop breeding methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Fan Li
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tianle Xie
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xueli An
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Yan Long
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Ziwei Jiao
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology Breeding, Yili Normal University, Yining, 835000, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100192, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu J, Li W, Wu G, Ali K. An update on evolutionary, structural, and functional studies of receptor-like kinases in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1305599. [PMID: 38362444 PMCID: PMC10868138 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1305599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
All living organisms must develop mechanisms to cope with and adapt to new environments. The transition of plants from aquatic to terrestrial environment provided new opportunities for them to exploit additional resources but made them vulnerable to harsh and ever-changing conditions. As such, the transmembrane receptor-like kinases (RLKs) have been extensively duplicated and expanded in land plants, increasing the number of RLKs in the advanced angiosperms, thus becoming one of the largest protein families in eukaryotes. The basic structure of the RLKs consists of a variable extracellular domain (ECD), a transmembrane domain (TM), and a conserved kinase domain (KD). Their variable ECDs can perceive various kinds of ligands that activate the conserved KD through a series of auto- and trans-phosphorylation events, allowing the KDs to keep the conserved kinase activities as a molecular switch that stabilizes their intracellular signaling cascades, possibly maintaining cellular homeostasis as their advantages in different environmental conditions. The RLK signaling mechanisms may require a coreceptor and other interactors, which ultimately leads to the control of various functions of growth and development, fertilization, and immunity. Therefore, the identification of new signaling mechanisms might offer a unique insight into the regulatory mechanism of RLKs in plant development and adaptations. Here, we give an overview update of recent advances in RLKs and their signaling mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guang Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Khawar Ali
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Szurman-Zubrzycka M, Kurowska M, Till BJ, Szarejko I. Is it the end of TILLING era in plant science? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1160695. [PMID: 37674734 PMCID: PMC10477672 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1160695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Since its introduction in 2000, the TILLING strategy has been widely used in plant research to create novel genetic diversity. TILLING is based on chemical or physical mutagenesis followed by the rapid identification of mutations within genes of interest. TILLING mutants may be used for functional analysis of genes and being nontransgenic, they may be directly used in pre-breeding programs. Nevertheless, classical mutagenesis is a random process, giving rise to mutations all over the genome. Therefore TILLING mutants carry background mutations, some of which may affect the phenotype and should be eliminated, which is often time-consuming. Recently, new strategies of targeted genome editing, including CRISPR/Cas9-based methods, have been developed and optimized for many plant species. These methods precisely target only genes of interest and produce very few off-targets. Thus, the question arises: is it the end of TILLING era in plant studies? In this review, we recap the basics of the TILLING strategy, summarize the current status of plant TILLING research and present recent TILLING achievements. Based on these reports, we conclude that TILLING still plays an important role in plant research as a valuable tool for generating genetic variation for genomics and breeding projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Szurman-Zubrzycka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marzena Kurowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Bradley J. Till
- Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu Q, Feng Y, Xue J, Chen P, Zhang A, Yu Y. Advances in Receptor-like Protein Kinases in Balancing Plant Growth and Stress Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:427. [PMID: 36771514 PMCID: PMC9919196 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accompanying the process of growth and development, plants are exposed to ever-changing environments, which consequently trigger abiotic or biotic stress responses. The large protein family known as receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, as well as in the response to various stresses. Understanding the biological function and molecular mechanism of RLKs is helpful for crop breeding. Research on the role and mechanism of RLKs has recently received considerable attention regarding the balance between plant growth and environmental adaptability. In this paper, we systematically review the classification of RLKs, the regulatory roles of RLKs in plant development (meristem activity, leaf morphology and reproduction) and in stress responses (disease resistance and environmental adaptation). This review focuses on recent findings revealing that RLKs simultaneously regulate plant growth and stress adaptation, which may pave the way for the better understanding of their function in crop improvement. Although the exact crosstalk between growth constraint and plant adaptation remains elusive, a profound study on the adaptive mechanisms for decoupling the developmental processes would be a promising direction for the future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yang Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Soltabayeva A, Dauletova N, Serik S, Sandybek M, Omondi JO, Kurmanbayeva A, Srivastava S. Receptor-like Kinases (LRR-RLKs) in Response of Plants to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192660. [PMID: 36235526 PMCID: PMC9572924 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants live under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions, and, to cope with the adversity and severity, plants have well-developed resistance mechanisms. The mechanism starts with perception of the stimuli followed by molecular, biochemical, and physiological adaptive measures. The family of LRR-RLKs (leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases) is one such group that perceives biotic and abiotic stimuli and also plays important roles in different biological processes of development. This has been mostly studied in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, and to some extent in other plants, such as Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana benthamiana, Brassica napus, Oryza sativa, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Brachypodium distachyon, Medicago truncatula, Gossypium barbadense, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum tuberosum, and Malus robusta. Most LRR-RLKs tend to form different combinations of LRR-RLKs-complexes (dimer, trimer, and tetramers), and some of them were observed as important receptors in immune responses, cell death, and plant development processes. However, less is known about the function(s) of LRR-RLKs in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Here, we give recent updates about LRR-RLK receptors, specifically focusing on their involvement in biotic and abiotic stresses in the model plant, A. thaliana. Furthermore, the recent studies on LRR-RLKs that are homologous in other plants is also reviewed in relation to their role in triggering stress response processes against biotic and abiotic stimuli and/or in exploring their additional function(s). Furthermore, we present the interactions and combinations among LRR-RLK receptors that have been confirmed through experiments. Moreover, based on GENEINVESTIGATOR microarray database analysis, we predict some potential LRR-RLK genes involved in certain biotic and abiotic stresses whose function and mechanism may be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aigerim Soltabayeva
- Biology Department, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
- Correspondence:
| | - Nurbanu Dauletova
- Biology Department, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Symbat Serik
- Biology Department, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Margulan Sandybek
- Biology Department, School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - John Okoth Omondi
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Lilongwe P.O. Box 30258, Malawi
| | - Assylay Kurmanbayeva
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Sudhakar Srivastava
- NCS-TCP, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui Y, Lu X, Gou X. Receptor-like protein kinases in plant reproduction: Current understanding and future perspectives. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100273. [PMID: 35059634 PMCID: PMC8760141 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is a crucial process in the life span of flowering plants, and directly affects human basic requirements in agriculture, such as grain yield and quality. Typical receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) are a large family of membrane proteins sensing extracellular signals to regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses. In Arabidopsis thaliana and other plant species, RLK-mediated signaling pathways play essential roles in regulating the reproductive process by sensing different ligand signals. Molecular understanding of the reproductive process is vital from the perspective of controlling male and female fertility. Here, we summarize the roles of RLKs during plant reproduction at the genetic and molecular levels, including RLK-mediated floral organ development, ovule and anther development, and embryogenesis. In addition, the possible molecular regulatory patterns of those RLKs with unrevealed mechanisms during reproductive development are discussed. We also point out the thought-provoking questions raised by the research on these plant RLKs during reproduction for future investigation.
Collapse
|