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For: Miyatake S, Hino K, Ebisu G, Fujita S. Oral administration of l-citrulline alters the vascular delivery of substances to rat skeletal muscles. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021;28:101149. [PMID: 34693038 PMCID: PMC8515244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open

For:	Miyatake S, Hino K, Ebisu G, Fujita S. Oral administration of l-citrulline alters the vascular delivery of substances to rat skeletal muscles. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021;28:101149. [PMID: 34693038 PMCID: PMC8515244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Shaba C, Urban PL. Metabolic remodeling during fructification of enoki mushroom. Food Chem 2025;486:144613. [PMID: 40403425 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.144613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2025] [Accepted: 04/30/2025] [Indexed: 05/24/2025]

Mollace R, Macrì R, Serra M, Ritorto G, Ussia S, Scarano F, Cardamone A, Musolino V, Coppoletta AR, Gliozzi M, Scipione G, Carresi C, Pozharova K, Muscoli C, Barillà F, Volterrani M, Mollace V. The Antioxidant Power of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold Potentiates the Effects of L-Citrulline in Athlete Performance and Vasodilation in a Pilot Study. Nutrients 2025;17:1106. [PMID: 40218864 PMCID: PMC11990273 DOI: 10.3390/nu17071106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2025] [Revised: 03/13/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open

Abstract

Background: The dietary supplement citrulline might increase nitric oxide levels, leading to vasodilation and improved blood flow, potentially benefiting athletes' aerobic exercise performance. However, rapid oxidative impairment of the L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway limits these effects. This is countered by Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction Gold® (BPFG), a strong natural antioxidant. To investigate L-citrulline + BPFG supplementation's effects, we performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial on athletic performance and blood flow in trained athletes (cyclists). Methods: Random assignment of 90 male athletes resulted in nine different groups: placebo for Group 1, BPFG at 500 and 1000 mg daily for Groups 2 and 3, L-citrulline at 1000 and 2000 mg/daily for Groups 4 and 5, and the combination product of BPFG plus citrulline (N.O. Max) for Groups 6-9. Baseline and 3-month pre- and post-exercise biochemical, reactive vasodilation (RHI), and maximal oxygen consumption measurements were taken for all subjects. Results: Three months of the combination of BPFG and L-citrulline (N.O. Max) produced a significant synergistic effect, markedly increasing NO (p < 0.001 vs. placebo) release and RHI (p < 0.001 vs. placebo). Cardiorespiratory fitness improved significantly with the BPFG and L-citrulline combination, resulting in substantially higher VO2 max, VT1, VT2, and peak power and a significantly lower heart rate (p < 0.01 vs. placebo). No harmful adverse effects were observed. Conclusions: N.O. Max supplementation, providing beneficial effects on the antioxidant state and preserving the vascular endothelium might be a supplementation strategy to improve athletic performance and potentiate results. Given the small sample size, this study serves as a pilot, and further research is needed to validate these findings on a larger scale.

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Affiliation(s)

Rocco Mollace Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.) Department of Experimental Medicine, University “Tor Vergata” of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy;
Roberta Macrì Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Maria Serra Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Giovanna Ritorto Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Sara Ussia Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Federica Scarano Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Antonio Cardamone Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Vincenzo Musolino Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
Anna Rita Coppoletta Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Micaela Gliozzi Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Giuseppe Scipione Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Cristina Carresi Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Kateryna Pozharova Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Carolina Muscoli Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.)
Francesco Barillà Department of Experimental Medicine, University “Tor Vergata” of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy;
Maurizio Volterrani IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00163 Rome, Italy;
Vincenzo Mollace Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (M.S.); (G.R.); (S.U.); (F.S.); (A.C.); (A.R.C.); (M.G.); (G.S.); (C.C.); (K.P.); (C.M.) Renato Dulbecco Institute, 88046 Lamezia Terme, Italy

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Hsu B, Wang C, Lai Y, Kuo C, Lin Y. Association of endothelial dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease with sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024;15:1199-1208. [PMID: 38644163 PMCID: PMC11154745 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Endothelial dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), which disturb skeletal muscle microperfusion, are highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the association of endothelial dysfunction and PAD with sarcopenia in patients with non-dialysis CKD.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 420 patients with stages 3-5 non-dialysis CKD aged 69.0 ± 11.8 years. Skeletal muscle index (skeletal muscle mass/height2), handgrip strength, 6-m gait speed and strength of hip flexion and knee extension were measured. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. Endothelial dysfunction and PAD were assessed using the vascular reactivity index (VRI) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), respectively. A VRI < 1.0 was classified as poor endothelial function, and an ABI < 0.9 was defined as PAD. Additionally, endothelial and inflammatory biomarkers, including intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), asymmetric dimethylarginine, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and interleukin-6, were measured in a subgroup of 262 patients.

RESULTS

Among the participants, 103 (24.5%) were classified as having sarcopenia. Compared with patients without sarcopenia, those with sarcopenia had significantly lower ABI (1.04 ± 0.16 vs. 1.08 ± 0.15, P = 0.028 for the right ABI; 1.01 ± 0.16 vs. 1.06 ± 0.16, P = 0.002 for the left ABI) and VRI (0.83 ± 0.57 vs. 1.08 ± 0.56, P < 0.001) and had higher serum levels of ICAM-1 (P < 0.001), VCAM-1 (P = 0.003) and ET-1 (P = 0.037). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that, beyond age and body mass index, the average ABI (odds ratio [OR]: 0.81/0.1 increase; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67-0.98; P = 0.032) and VRI (OR: 0.93/0.1 increase; 95% CI: 0.88-0.98; P = 0.010) were independently associated with sarcopenia. Among the endothelial biomarkers measured, ICAM-1 (OR: 2.47/1-SD increase; 95% CI: 1.62-3.75) and VCAM-1 (OR: 1.91/1-SD increase; 95% CI: 1.27-2.87) were independent predictors of sarcopenia. Group stratification based on the cut-offs of VRI and ABI showed that those with both poor VRI and ABI had the greatest risk for sarcopenia (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 1.69-10.49), compared with those with normal VRI and ABI.

CONCLUSIONS

Endothelial dysfunction and PAD are independently associated with sarcopenia in patients with stages 3-5 CKD, suggesting the dominant role of vascular dysfunction in sarcopenia.

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