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Wang J, Liu Y, Guo Y, Liu C, Yang Y, Fan X, Yang H, Liu Y, Ma T. Function and inhibition of P38 MAP kinase signaling: Targeting multiple inflammation diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115973. [PMID: 38103797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural host defense mechanism that protects the body from pathogenic microorganisms. A growing body of research suggests that inflammation is a key factor in triggering other diseases (lung injury, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.). However, there is no consensus on the complex mechanism of inflammatory response, which may include enzyme activation, mediator release, and tissue repair. In recent years, p38 MAPK, a member of the MAPKs family, has attracted much attention as a central target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, many p38 MAPK inhibitors attempting to obtain marketing approval have failed at the clinical trial stage due to selectivity and/or toxicity issues. In this paper, we discuss the mechanism of p38 MAPK in regulating inflammatory response and its key role in major inflammatory diseases and summarize the synthetic or natural products targeting p38 MAPK to improve the inflammatory response in the last five years, which will provide ideas for the development of novel clinical anti-inflammatory drugs based on p38 MAPK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongjian Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yushi Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Cen Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongliu Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Tao Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Lykhmus O, Kalashnyk O, Sullivan R, Skok M. Hydroxyurea interaction with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor can underlie its therapeutic efficacy upon COVID-19. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 385:578244. [PMID: 38016403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper the authors provide evidence that hydroxyurea (hydroxycarbamide) interacts with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, exerts anti-inflammatory and pro-survival effect, prevents α7 nicotinic receptor interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and stimulates IgM to IgG class switch upon immunization with SARS spike protein fragment 674-685. Hydroxyurea shifts immunoglobulin glycosylation profile to anti-inflammatory phenotype and prevents the appearance of anti-idiotypic α7(179-190)-specific antibodies, as well as memory impairment. According to these results, interaction with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor may underlie positive therapeutic effects of hydroxyurea upon SARS-Cov-2 infection by interfering with virus penetration into the cell and providing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maryna Skok
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, Kyiv, Ukraine.
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Wang YY, Lin SY, Chang CY, Wu CC, Chen WY, Huang WC, Liao SL, Wang WY, Chen CJ. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist improved brain injury and impaired glucose metabolism in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1249-1259. [PMID: 36662413 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01167-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation through the action of acetylcholine can modulate inflammatory responses and metabolism. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (α7nAChR) is a key component in the biological functions of acetylcholine. To further explore the health benefits of vagus nerve stimulation, this study aimed to investigate whether α7nAChR agonists offer beneficial effects against poststroke inflammatory and metabolic changes and to identify the underlying mechanisms in a rat model of stroke established by permanent cerebral ischemia. We found evidence showing that pretreatment with α7nAChR agonist, GTS-21, improved poststroke brain infarction size, impaired motor coordination, brain apoptotic caspase 3 activation, dysregulated glucose metabolism, and glutathione reduction. In ischemic cortical tissues and gastrocnemius muscles with GTS-21 pretreatment, macrophages/microglia M1 polarization-associated Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA, Cluster of Differentiation 68 (CD68) protein, and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) protein expression were reduced, while expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 mRNA, and levels of M2 polarization-associated CD163 mRNA and protein were increased. In the gastrocnemius muscles, stroke rats showed a reduction in both glutathione content and Akt Serine 473 phosphorylation, as well as an elevation in Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Serine 307 phosphorylation and Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Serine 616 phosphorylation. GTS-21 reversed poststroke changes in the gastrocnemius muscles. Overall, our findings, provide further evidence supporting the neuroprotective benefits of α7nAChR agonists, and indicate that they may potentially exert anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects peripherally in the skeletal muscle in an acute ischemic stroke animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yu Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 112, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Chang
- Department of Surgery, Feng Yuan Hospital, 420, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 402, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 402, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 402, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Su-Lan Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, 407, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Wang
- Department of Nursing, Hung Kuang University, 433, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, 407, Taichung City, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, 404, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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Du J, Liu P, Zhu Y, Wang G, Xing S, Liu T, Xia J, Dong S, Lv N, Li Z. Novel tryptanthrin derivatives with benzenesulfonamide substituents: Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114956. [PMID: 36450214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein, two series of tryptanthrin derivatives with benzenesulfonamide substituents were designed and synthesized to discover novel anti-inflammatory agents. The anti-inflammatory activities of all derivatives were screened by evaluating their inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells. Among them, compound 8j exhibited the best NO inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.25 ± 0.21 μM), with no obvious toxicity. Further evaluation showed that 8j could also significantly reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β, IC50 = 8.48 ± 0.23 μM) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, IC50 = 11.53 ± 0.35 μM) and downregulate the LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2. Reverse docking of 8j suggested p38α as the molecular target, which is a well-known crucial player in the p38 MAPK signaling pathway that controls the transcription of pro-inflammatory mediators. Cellular thermal shift assay showed that 8j efficiently stabilized p38α in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Western blot showed that inflammatory response was inhibited by 8j through inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38α and MK2 in the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Finally, In vivo studies showed that 8j could significantly ameliorate the degree of foot swelling and knee joint pathology in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats and reduce levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in serum, achieving the effect of protecting synovial tissue and ameliorating arthritis. These findings suggested that 8j may be a promising compound for further development of anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Du
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui BioX-Vision Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoxing Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Anhui BioX-Vision Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Hefei, China
| | - Siqi Xing
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jucheng Xia
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuanghong Dong
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Na Lv
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Zeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Wen J, Zhao C, Chen J, Song S, Lin Z, Xie S, Qi H, Wang J, Su X. Activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor promotes HIV-1 transcription. CELL INSIGHT 2022; 1:100028. [PMID: 37193048 PMCID: PMC10120325 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2022.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), a hub of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), is required for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. HIV-1 infection can upregulate the expression of α7 nAChR in T lymphocytes and affect the role of CAP. However, whether α7 nAChR regulates HIV-1 infection in CD4+ T cells is unclear. In this study, we first found that activation of α7 nAChR by GTS-21 (an α7 nAChR agonist) can promote the transcription of HIV-1 proviral DNA. Then, through transcriptome sequencing analysis, we found that p38 MAPK signaling was enriched in GTS-21 treated HIV-latent T cells. Mechanistically, activation of α7 nAChR could increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduce DUSP1 and DUSP6, and consequently enhance the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. By co-immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, we found that p-p38 MAPK interacted with Lamin B1 (LMNB1). Activation of α7 nAChR increased the binding between p-p38 MAPK and LMNB1. We confirmed that knockdown of MAPK14 significantly downregulated NFATC4, a key activator of HIV-1 transcription. Taken together, activation of the α7 nAChR could trigger ROS/p-p38 MAPK/LMNB1/NFATC4 signaling pathway enhancing HIV-1 transcription. We have revealed an unrecognized mechanism of α7 nAChR-mediated neuroimmune regulation of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Caiqi Zhao
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuting Song
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhekai Lin
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shitao Xie
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huaxin Qi
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510670, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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JWX-A0108, a positive allosteric modulator of α7 nAChR, attenuates cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice by suppressing NF-κB-mediated inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107726. [PMID: 33975230 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays an early and prominent role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have shown that cholinergic lesion is a contributor for the pathophysiology of AD. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), a subtype of nAChRs, are abundantly expressed in the brain regions related to cognition and memory, such as hippocampus and frontal cortex. The α7 nAChR is rapidly activated and desensitized by agonists. JWX-A0108 is a type I positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of α7 nAChR, which mainly enhances agonist-evoked peak currents. Here, we used the Morris Water Maze to evaluate the effect of JWX-A0108 on cognition and memory functions in APP/PS1 mice, and the mechanism related to anti-inflammatory effect. The results showed that JWX-A0108 could improve the learning and memory function of APP/PS1 transgenic mice in Morris water maze, decrease the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 in the brain and lower the phosphorylation level of IκBα (Ser32/36) and NF-κB p65 (Ser536), decrease the expression of Iba1, the microglia activation marker. Nissl staining showed that the CA3 and DG regions of hippocampus were damaged in APP/PS1 mice, which was improved by JWX-A0108. All of these effects of JWX-A0108 were reversed by MLA (α7 nAChR specific blocker). Taken together, the results reveal that JWX-A0108 improved the learning and memory function of APP/PS1 mice by enhancing the anti-inflammatory effect of the endogenous choline system through α7 nAChR, inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting IκB phosphorylation, and ultimately inhibited inflammatory responses.
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Uwada J, Mukai S, Terada N, Nakazawa H, Islam MS, Nagai T, Fujii M, Yamasaki K, Taniguchi T, Kamoto T, Yazawa T. Pleiotropic effects of probenecid on three-dimensional cultures of prostate cancer cells. Life Sci 2021; 278:119554. [PMID: 33932444 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Chemoresistance remains a persistent challenge in advanced prostate cancer therapy. Probenecid reportedly inhibits multiple drug-efflux transporters; hence, it can be employed as a potential sensitizer for chemotherapy. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of probenecid on three-dimensional (3D)-cultures of prostate cancer cells. MAIN METHODS Prostate cancer cell lines, 22Rv1 and PC-3 were cultured as multicellular tumor spheroids. The effects of probenecid were evaluated using the MTT assay for viability, microscopy for spheroid size, and soft agar colony formation assay for anchorage-independent growth. KEY FINDINGS The 3D-cultured 22Rv1 cells were less sensitive to cisplatin and doxorubicin than two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. Co-administration of probenecid at a low (100 or 300 μM), but not high (500 μM), concentration increased the sensitivity to cisplatin or doxorubicin in 22Rv1 spheroids. Probenecid increased the expression of ABCG2, a multidrug resistance transporter, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment with probenecid alone reduced the growth of 22Rv1 spheroids. Conversely, probenecid inhibited spheroid compaction rather than growth inhibition in 3D-cultured PC-3 cells. Moreover, probenecid inhibited colony formation of 22Rv1 and PC-3 cells in soft agar, as well as downregulated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a crucial factor in anchorage-independent growth. SIGNIFICANCE In 3D-cultured prostate cancer cells, probenecid demonstrated pleiotropic effects such as chemosensitization, growth suppression, inhibition of spheroid compaction, and suppression of anchorage-independent growth. Elucidating the detailed mechanism underlying these probenecid actions could result in the identification of novel therapeutic targets toward the advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsuke Uwada
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Naoki Terada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Hitomi Nakazawa
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Neuroscience, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Nagai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Masato Fujii
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Koji Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | | | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Takashi Yazawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
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