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Luo Z, Lin ZY, Li ZF, Fu ZQ, Han FL, Li EC. Next-generation neonicotinoid: The impact of cycloxaprid on the crustacean decapod Penaeus vannamei. Chemosphere 2024; 358:142150. [PMID: 38679174 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cycloxaprid, a new neonicotinoid pesticide, poses ecological risks, particularly in aquatic environments, due to its unique action and environmental dispersal. This study investigated the ecotoxicological effects of various concentrations of cycloxaprid on Penaeus vannamei over 28 days. High cycloxaprid levels significantly altered shrimp physiology, as shown by changes in the hepatosomatic index and fattening. Indicators of oxidative stress, such as increased serum hemocyanin, respiratory burst, and nitric oxide, as well as decreased phenol oxidase activity, were observed. Additionally, elevated activities of lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase indicated disrupted energy metabolism in the hepatopancreas. Notably, analyses of the nervous system revealed marked disturbances in neural signaling, as evidenced by elevated acetylcholine, octopamine, and acetylcholinesterase levels. Transcriptomic analysis highlighted significant effects on gene expression and metabolic processes in the hepatopancreas and nervous system. This study demonstrated that cycloxaprid disrupts neural signaling and oxidative balance in P. vannamei, potentially affecting its growth, and provides key insights into its biochemical and transcriptomic toxicity in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Lin
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Zhen-Fei Li
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Zhen-Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519082, China
| | - Feng-Lu Han
- School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Er-Chao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Tu Z, Zhong J, Li H, Sun L, Huang Y, Yang S, Lu Y, Cai S. Characterization and function analysis of cathepsin C in Marsupenaeusjaponicus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2024; 146:109379. [PMID: 38242264 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Cathepsin C is a cysteine protease widely found in invertebrates and vertebrates, and has the important physiological role participating in proteolysis in vivo and activating various functional proteases in immune/inflammatory cells in the animals. In order to study the role of cathepsin C in the disease resistance of shrimp, we cloned cathepsin C gene (MjcathC) from Marsupenaeus japonicus, analyzed its expression patterns in various tissues, performed MjcathC-knockdown, and finally challenged experimental shrimps with Vibrio alginolyticus and WSSV. The results have shown the full length of MjcathC is 1782 bp, containing an open reading frame of 1350 bp encoding 449 amino acids. Homology analysis revealed that the predicted amino acid sequence of MjcathC shared respectively 88.42 %, 87.36 % and 87.58 % similarity with Penaeus monodon, Fenneropenaeus penicillatus and Litopenaeus vannamei. The expression levels of MjcathC in various tissues of healthy M. japonicus are the highest in the liver, followed by the gills and heart, and the lowest in the stomach. The expression levels of MjcathC were significantly up-regulated in all examined tissues of shrimp challenged with WSSV or V. alginolyticus. After knockdown-MjcathC using RNAi technology in M. japonicus, the expression levels of lectin and heat shock protein 70 in MjcathC-knockdown shrimp were significantly down-regulated, and the mortality of MjcathC-knockdown shrimp challenged by WSSV and V. alginolyticus significantly increased. Knockdown of the MjcathC reduced the resistance of M. japonicus to WSSV and V. alginolyticus. The above results have indicated that cathepsin C may play an important role in the antibacterial and antiviral innate immunity of M. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhao Tu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China
| | | | | | | | - Yucong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yishan Lu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuanghu Cai
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, China.
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Chalmers JD, Kettritz R, Korkmaz B. Dipeptidyl peptidase 1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach in neutrophil-mediated inflammatory disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1239151. [PMID: 38162644 PMCID: PMC10755895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils have a critical role in the innate immune response to infection and the control of inflammation. A key component of this process is the release of neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs), primarily neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, cathepsin G, and NSP4, which have essential functions in immune modulation and tissue repair following injury. Normally, NSP activity is controlled and modulated by endogenous antiproteases. However, disruption of this homeostatic relationship can cause diseases in which neutrophilic inflammation is central to the pathology, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis, as well as many non-pulmonary pathologies. Although the pathobiology of these diseases varies, evidence indicates that excessive NSP activity is common and a principal mediator of tissue damage and clinical decline. NSPs are synthesized as inactive zymogens and activated primarily by the ubiquitous enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 1, also known as cathepsin C. Preclinical data confirm that inactivation of this protease reduces activation of NSPs. Thus, pharmacological inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 potentially reduces the contribution of aberrant NSP activity to the severity and/or progression of multiple inflammatory diseases. Initial clinical data support this view. Ongoing research continues to explore the role of NSP activation by dipeptidyl peptidase 1 in different disease states and the potential clinical benefits of dipeptidyl peptidase 1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Chalmers
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ralph Kettritz
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brice Korkmaz
- INSERM UMR-1100, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, University of Tours, Tours, France
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Guo Y, Hao Y, Shen L, Du Y, Wang X, Gao L, Feng X, Zhai Y, Liu Z, Xu E, Yang Y, Xi Y, Yang B, Zhang L. TSTA3 overexpression promotes malignant characteristics in LUSC by regulating LAMP2-mediated autophagy and tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:285. [PMID: 37986192 PMCID: PMC10662648 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03109-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TSTA3 gene encoding GDP-L-fucose synthase has recently been proved to be closely related to the prognosis of patients with various tumors. However, its role in lung cancer is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the expression level, prognostic effect, potential function and mechanism of TSTA3 in lung cancer. METHODS Based on TCGA database, Kaplan-Meier and COX regression was used to analyze the relationship between TSTA3 expression and prognosis of lung cancer patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the TSTA3 protein expression in lung cancer and normal tissues. The function of TSTA3 in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) cell was determined by CCK8, colony formation, transwell assay in vitro and subcutaneous xenografts in vivo. Transcriptome analysis, Lyso-Tracker Red staining and rescue experiment were used to explore the possible underlying mechanism. RESULTS The expression of TSTA3 was significantly increased in lung cancer, especially in LUSC, and was significantly correlated with the malignant characteristics of LUSC. COX regression analysis showed that the high expression of TSTA3 was an independent prognostic factor in LUSC patients. This was also confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Compared with the control group, the proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration ability of LUSC cells with TSTA3 overexpression was enhanced. Similarly, the ability of cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration were weakened after transient knockdown of TSTA3. In vivo experiment showed that compared with control group, TSTA3 overexpression significantly promoted the growth of tumor and shortened survival time. In addition, transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes between TSTA3 overexpression and control group was mainly concentrated in the lysosome pathway. Further study found that TSTA3 might affect the proliferation, invasion and migration of LUSC by regulating the expression of lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) in LUSC. CONCLUSION The expression level of TSTA3 in LUSC is significantly higher than that in normal tissues. High expression of TSTA3 is associated with poor prognosis of LUSC patients. TSTA3 may affect the proliferation, invasion and migration of LUSC by regulating LAMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Guo
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Hao
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyi Shen
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lvye Gao
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfang Zhai
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifei Liu
- Fifth Middle School of Taiyuan, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Enwei Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Xi
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- Basic Medical Sciences Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
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Liu B, Korkmaz B, Kraft P, Mayer T, Sayour AA, Grundl MA, Domain R, Karck M, Szabó G, Korkmaz-Icöz S. Pharmacological inhibition of the cysteine protease cathepsin C improves graft function after heart transplantation in rats. J Transl Med 2023; 21:799. [PMID: 37946197 PMCID: PMC10636924 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart transplantation (HTX) is the standard treatment for end-stage heart failure. However, reperfusion following an ischemic period can contribute to myocardial injury. Neutrophil infiltration, along with the subsequent release of tissue-degrading neutrophil elastase (NE)-related serine proteases and oxygen-derived radicals, is associated with adverse graft outcomes. The inhibition of cathepsin C (CatC) has been shown to block NE-related protease activation. We hypothesized that the CatC inhibitor BI-9740 improves graft function after HTX. METHODS In a rat model of HTX, the recipient Lewis rats were orally administered with either a placebo (n = 12) or BI-9740 (n = 11, 20 mg/kg) once daily for 12 days. Donor hearts from untreated Lewis rats were explanted, preserved in a cardioplegic solution, and subsequently heterotopically implanted. In vivo left-ventricular (LV) graft function was assessed after 1 h of reperfusion. The proteolytic activity of neutrophil serine proteases was determined in bone marrow lysates from BI-9740-treated and control rats. Additionally, myocardial morphological changes were examined, and heart samples underwent immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. RESULTS The NE-related proteolytic activity in bone marrow cell lysates was markedly decreased in the BI-9740-treated rats compared to those of the placebo group. Histopathological lesions, elevated CatC and myeloperoxidase-positive cell infiltration, and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity with an increased number of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1-positive cells were lowered in the hearts of animals treated with BI-9740 compared to placebo groups. Regarding the functional parameters of the implanted graft, improvements were observed in both systolic function (LV systolic pressure 110 ± 6 vs 74 ± 6 mmHg; dP/dtmax 2782 ± 149 vs 2076 ± 167 mmHg/s, LV developed pressure, at an intraventricular volume of 200 µl, p < 0.05) and diastolic function in the hearts of BI-9740 treated animals compared with those receiving the only placebo. Furthermore, the administration of BI-9740 resulted in a shorter graft re-beating time compared to the placebo group. However, this study did not provide evidence of DNA fragmentation, the generation of both superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide, correlating with the absence of protein alterations related to apoptosis, as evidenced by western blot in grafts after HTX. CONCLUSIONS We provided experimental evidence that pharmacological inhibition of CatC improves graft function following HTX in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoer Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Brice Korkmaz
- INSERM UMR-1100, "Research Center for Respiratory Diseases" and Université de Tours, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Patricia Kraft
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Mayer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alex A Sayour
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1122, Hungary
| | - Marc A Grundl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, 88397, Biberach a.d. Riss, Germany
| | - Roxane Domain
- INSERM UMR-1100, "Research Center for Respiratory Diseases" and Université de Tours, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Halle (Saale), 06120, Halle, Germany.
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Abideen SA, Khan M, Al-Harbi AI, Ahmad S. Pharmacological inhibition of cathepsin C (CatC) as a potential approach for cancer therapeutics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8682-8689. [PMID: 36264138 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2135603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Studies have established that proteolytic enzyme inhibition holds significant promise in cancer prevention and treatment. Cathepsin C (CatC) is conserved lysosomal cysteine dipeptidyl aminopeptidase, which is the key for pro-inflammatory neutrophil serine protease activation and biological functioning. This makes CatC as a promising therapeutic drug target for the management of different cancer types. Considering this, using a wide range of computer aided drug-designing applications, several inhibitors are shortlisted against CatC active pocket, which interact with the enzyme with high affinity and form strong intermolecular interaction network. Compared to control, three molecules ASN_06916232, ASN_06917112 and ASN_06916892 are filtered as best binders of the CatC active pocket with binding energy value of -10.9 kcal/mol, -10.9 kcal/mol and -10.7 kcal/mol, respectively. These compounds interact with several important active side residues of CatC such as Ser233, Cys234, Gly277, Asn380 and His38. Furthermore, the complexes of these compounds with CatC reveal very stable dynamics with average RMSD value less than 3 Å. The binding energy analysis further indicates the compounds to have very stable van der Waals and electrostatic energies. In conclusion, these molecules are promising and require experimental validation to prove them as anti-CatC molecules.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ainul Abideen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Murad Khan
- Shanghai Center for System Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alhanouf I Al-Harbi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Zhou L, He F, Xiang X, Dong C, Xiang T, Li X, Li H, Bu L, Wang Y, Ma X. Radioactive and Fluorescent Dual Modality Cysteine Cathepsin B Activity-Based Probe for Cancer Theranostics. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37289648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine cathepsin B (CTS-B) is a crucial enzyme that is overexpressed in numerous malignancies and contributes to the invasion and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, this study sets out to develop and evaluate an activity-based multimodality theranostic agent targeting CTS-B for cancer imaging and therapy. A CTS-B activity-based probe, BMX2, was synthesized and labeled efficiently with 68Ga and 90Y to produce 68Ga-BMX2 for multimodality imaging and 90Y-BMX2 for radiation therapy. The affinity and specificity of BMX2 binding with the CTS-B enzyme were determined by fluorescent western blots using recombined active human CTS-B enzyme (rh-CTS-B) and four cancer cell lines including HeLa, HepG2, MCF7, and U87MG, with CA074 as the CTS-B inhibitor for control. Confocal laser scanning microscope imaging and cell uptake measurement were also performed. Then, in vivo PET imaging and fluorescence imaging were acquired on HeLa xenografts. Finally, the therapeutic effect of 90Y-BMX2 was tested. BMX2 could be specifically activated by rh-CTS-B and stably bound to the enzyme. The binding of BMX2 with CTS-B is time-dependent and enzyme concentration-dependent. Although CTS-B expression varied between cell lines, all showed significant uptake of BMX2 and 68Ga-BMX2. In vivo optical and PET imaging showed a high tumor uptake of BMX2 and 68Ga-BMX2 and accumulation for more than 24 h. 90Y-BMX2 could significantly inhibit HeLa tumor growth. The development of 68Ga/90Y-BMX2, a radioactive and fluorescent dual modality theranostic agent, demonstrated an effective theranostic approach for PET diagnostic imaging, fluorescence imaging, and radionuclide therapy of cancers, which may have a potential for clinical translation for cancer theranostics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbo Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Feng He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Xin Xiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Chuning Dong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Tian Xiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Lihong Bu
- Molecular Imaging Centre, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhi Dong Road, Wuhan 430060, PR China
| | - Yunhua Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha 410011, PR China
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Carla Guarino, Seren S, Lemoine R, Hummel A, Margotin JE, El-Benna J, Hoarau C, Specks U, Jenne D, Korkmaz B. Constitutive and induced forms of membrane-bound proteinase 3 interact with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and promote immune activation of neutrophils. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103072. [PMID: 36849007 PMCID: PMC10124916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinase 3 (PR3) is the main target antigen of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis. A small fraction of PR3 is constitutively exposed on the surface of quiescent blood neutrophils in a proteolytically inactive form. When activated, neutrophils expose an induced form of membrane-bound PR3 (PR3mb) on their surface as well, which is enzymatically less active than unbound PR3 in solution due to its altered conformation. In this work, our objective was to understand the respective role of constitutive and induced PR3mb in the immune activation of neutrophils triggered by murine anti-PR3 mAbs and human PR3-ANCA. We quantified immune activation of neutrophils by the measurement of the production of superoxide anions and secreted protease activity in the cell supernatant before and after treatment of the cells by alpha-1 protease inhibitor (α1PI) that clears induced PR3mb from the cell surface. Incubation of TNFα-primed neutrophils with anti-PR3 antibodies resulted in a significant increase in superoxide anion production, membrane activation marker exposition, and secreted protease activity. When primed neutrophils were first treated with α1PI, we observed a partial reduction in antibody-induced neutrophil activation, suggesting that constitutive PR3mb is sufficient to activate neutrophils. The pre-treatment of primed neutrophils with purified antigen-binding fragments used as competitor significantly reduced cell activation by whole antibodies. This led us to the conclusion that PR3mb promoted immune activation of neutrophils. We propose that blocking and/or elimination of PR3mb offers a new therapeutic strategy to attenuate neutrophil activation in patients with PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Guarino
- INSERM UMR-1100, "Research Center for Respiratory Diseases" and University of Tours, F-37032, Tours, France
| | - Seda Seren
- INSERM UMR-1100, "Research Center for Respiratory Diseases" and University of Tours, F-37032, Tours, France
| | - Roxane Lemoine
- EA4245 "Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation", University of Tours, France and Clinical immunology and allergology Service, Tours University Hospital, F-37032, Tours, France
| | - AmberM Hummel
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jean-Edouard Margotin
- INSERM UMR-1100, "Research Center for Respiratory Diseases" and University of Tours, F-37032, Tours, France
| | - Jamel El-Benna
- Université de Paris, INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI), Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Faculté de Médecine Xavier Bichat, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Cyrille Hoarau
- EA4245 "Transplantation, Immunology and Inflammation", University of Tours, France and Clinical immunology and allergology Service, Tours University Hospital, F-37032, Tours, France
| | - Ulrich Specks
- Thoracic Diseases Research Unit, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - DieterE Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 81377 Munich and Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Brice Korkmaz
- INSERM UMR-1100, "Research Center for Respiratory Diseases" and University of Tours, F-37032, Tours, France.
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Linders DGJ, Bijlstra OD, Fallert LC, Hilling DE, Walker E, Straight B, March TL, Valentijn ARPM, Pool M, Burggraaf J, Basilion JP, Vahrmeijer AL, Kuppen PJK. Cysteine Cathepsins in Breast Cancer: Promising Targets for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:58-73. [PMID: 36002710 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-022-01768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The majority of breast cancer patients is treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) combined with adjuvant radiation therapy. Up to 40% of patients has a tumor-positive resection margin after BCS, which necessitates re-resection or additional boost radiation. Cathepsin-targeted near-infrared fluorescence imaging during BCS could be used to detect residual cancer in the surgical cavity and guide additional resection, thereby preventing tumor-positive resection margins and associated mutilating treatments. The cysteine cathepsins are a family of proteases that play a major role in normal cellular physiology and neoplastic transformation. In breast cancer, the increased enzymatic activity and aberrant localization of many of the cysteine cathepsins drive tumor progression, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The upregulation of cysteine cathepsins in breast cancer cells indicates their potential as a target for intraoperative fluorescence imaging. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge on the role and expression of the most important cysteine cathepsins in breast cancer to better understand their potential as a target for fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). In addition, it gives an overview of the cathepsin-targeted fluorescent probes that have been investigated preclinically and in breast cancer patients. The current review underscores that cysteine cathepsins are highly suitable molecular targets for FGS because of favorable expression and activity patterns in virtually all breast cancer subtypes. This is confirmed by cathepsin-targeted fluorescent probes that have been shown to facilitate in vivo breast cancer visualization and tumor resection in mouse models and breast cancer patients. These findings indicate that cathepsin-targeted FGS has potential to improve treatment outcomes in breast cancer patients.
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Zamyatnin AA, Gregory LC, Townsend PA, Soond SM. Beyond basic research: the contribution of cathepsin B to cancer development, diagnosis and therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:963-977. [PMID: 36562407 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2161888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In view of other candidate proteins from the cathepsin family of proteases holding great potential in being targeted during cancer therapy, the importance of Cathepsin B (CtsB) stands out as being truly exceptional. Based on its contribution to oncogenesis, its intimate connection with regulating apoptosis and modulating extracellular and intracellular functions through its secretion or compartmentalized subcellular localization, collectively highlight its complex molecular involvement with a myriad of normal and pathological regulatory processes. Despite its complex functional nature, CtsB is emerging as one of the few cathepsin proteases that has been extensively researched to yield tangible outcomes for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED In this article, we review the scientific literature that has justified or shaped the importance of CtsB expression in cancer progression, from the perspective of highlighting a paradigm that is rapidly changing from basic research toward a broader clinical and translational context. EXPERT OPINION In doing so, we detail its maturation as a diagnostic marker through describing the development of CtsB-specific Activity-Based Probes, the rapid evolution of these toward a new generation of Prodrugs, and the evaluation of these in model systems for their therapeutic potential as anti-cancer agents in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Zamyatnin
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Levy C Gregory
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Paul A Townsend
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Surinder M Soond
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Zhang G. Regulatory T-cells-related signature for identifying a prognostic subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma with an exhausted tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975762. [PMID: 36189226 PMCID: PMC9521506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T-Cells (Tregs) are important in the progression of hepatocellular cancer (HCC). The goal of this work was to look into Tregs-related genes and develop a Tregs-related prognostic model. We used the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to look for Tregs-related genes in the TCGA, ICGC, and GSE14520 cohorts and then used the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm to find Tregs-related subpopulations. The LASSO-Cox regression approach was used to determine Tregs-related genes, which were then condensed into a risk score. A total of 153 overlapping genes among the three cohorts were considered Tregs-related genes. Based on these genes, two Tregs-associated clusters that varied in both prognostic and biological characteristics were identified. When compared with Cluster 1, Cluster 2 was a TME-exhausted HCC subpopulation with substantial immune cell infiltration but a poor prognosis. Five Tregs-related genes including HMOX1, MMP9, CTSC, SDC3, and TNFRSF11B were finally used to construct a prognostic model, which could accurately predict the prognosis of HCC patients in the three datasets. Patients in the high-risk scores group with bad survival outcomes were replete with immune/inflammatory responses, but exhausted T cells and elevated PD-1 and PD-L1 expression. The results of qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining (IHC) analysis in clinical tissue samples confirmed the above findings. Moreover, the signature also accurately predicted anti-PD-L1 antibody responses in the IMvigor210 dataset. Finally, HMOX1, MMP9, and TNFRSF11B were expressed differently in Hep3B and Huh7 cells after being treated with a PD1/PD-L1 inhibitor. In conclusion, our study uncovered a Tregs-related prognostic model that could identify TME- exhausted subpopulations and revealed that PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors could alter the expression levels of HMOX1, MMP9, and TNFRSF11B in Hep3B and Huh7 cells, which might help us better understand Tregs infiltration and develop personalized immunotherapy treatments for HCC patients.
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12
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Strøbech JE, Giuriatti P, Erler JT. NEUTROPHIL INFLUENCE ON EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN CANCER PROGRESSION. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C486-C493. [PMID: 35759433 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00122.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
1 in 3 persons will develop cancer in their lifetime and the majority of these patients will die from the spread of their cancer through their body - a process known as metastasis. Metastasis is strongly regulated by the tumor microenvironment (TME) comprised of cellular and non-cellular components. In this review, we will focus on the role of neutrophils regulating the extracellular matrix (ECM), enabling ECM remodeling and cancer progression. In particular, we highlight the role of neutrophil-secreted proteases (NSP) and how these promote metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Erik Strøbech
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pietro Giuriatti
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janine T Erler
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Jewgiński MP, Makowski M, Pawełczak M, Goldeman W, Trojanowska-Laskowska A, Kafarski P, Latajka R. Synthesis of Hybrid Tripeptide Peptidomimetics Containing Dehydroamino Acid and Aminophosphonic Acid in the Chain and Evaluation of Their Activity toward Cathepsin C. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202101019. [PMID: 35343636 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a new group of hybrid phosphonodehydropeptides composed of glycyl-(Z)-dehydrophenylalanine and structurally variable aminophosphonates alongside with investigations of their activity towards cathepsin C are presented. Obtained results suggest that the introduction of (Z)-dehydrophenylalanine residue into the short phosphonopeptide chain does induce the ordered conformation. Investigated peptides appeared to act as weak or moderate inhibitors of cathepsin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Paweł Jewgiński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Makowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052, Opole, Poland
| | | | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Organic and Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Kafarski
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052, Opole, Poland
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
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Kain R, Nackenhorst MC. A View on Cathepsin C as a Target for Therapy in AAV. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:875-878. [PMID: 35396261 PMCID: PMC9063890 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2022030309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Varda N, Novinec M. Evolutionary Analysis of Dipeptidyl Peptidase I. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031852. [PMID: 35163774 PMCID: PMC8836896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI) belongs to the family of papain-like cysteine peptidases. Its distinctive features are the unique exclusion domain which enables the eponymous activity and homotetramerization of DPPI, and its dependence on chloride ions for enzymatic activity. The oligomeric state of DPPI is unique in this family of predominantly monomeric peptidases. However, a distant DPPI ortholog from Plasmodium falciparum has been shown to be monomeric, indicating that the oligomeric state of DPPI varies between lineages. The aim of this work was to study the evolution of DPPI, with particular attention to the structural features that determine its characteristic enzymatic activity and preferences, and to reconstruct the evolution of its oligomerization. We analyzed fifty-seven selected sequences of DPPI and confirmed its presence in three lineages, namely, Amorphea (including animals and Amoebozoa), Alveolates and the metamonad Giardia. The amino acid residues that bind the chloride ion are highly conserved in all species, indicating that the dependence on chloride ions for activity is an evolutionarily conserved feature of DPPI. The number of N-glycosylation sites is significantly increased in animals, particularly vertebrates. Analysis of homology models and subunit contacts suggests that oligomerization is likely restricted to DPPIs in the Amorphea group.
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