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Regestein L, Klement T, Grande P, Kreyenschulte D, Heyman B, Maßmann T, Eggert A, Sengpiel R, Wang Y, Wierckx N, Blank LM, Spiess A, Leitner W, Bolm C, Wessling M, Jupke A, Rosenbaum M, Büchs J. From beech wood to itaconic acid: case study on biorefinery process integration. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:279. [PMID: 30337958 PMCID: PMC6180396 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1273-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Renewable raw materials in sustainable biorefinery processes pose new challenges to the manufacturing routes of platform chemicals. Beside the investigations of individual unit operations, the research on process chains, leading from plant biomass to the final products like lactic acid, succinic acid, and itaconic acid is increasing. This article presents a complete process chain from wooden biomass to the platform chemical itaconic acid. The process starts with the mechanical pretreatment of beech wood, which subsequently is subjected to chemo-catalytic biomass fractionation (OrganoCat) into three phases, which comprise cellulose pulp, aqueous hydrolyzed hemicellulose, and organic lignin solutions. Lignin is transferred to further chemical valorization. The aqueous phase containing oxalic acid as well as hemi-cellulosic sugars is treated by nanofiltration to recycle the acid catalyst back to the chemo-catalytic pretreatment and to concentrate the sugar hydrolysate. In a parallel step, the cellulose pulp is enzymatically hydrolyzed to yield glucose, which-together with the pentose-rich stream-can be used as a carbon source in the fermentation. The fermentation of the sugar fraction into itaconic acid can either be performed with the established fungi Aspergillus terreus or with Ustilago maydis. Both fermentation concepts were realized and evaluated. For purification, (in situ) filtration, (in situ) extraction, and crystallization were investigated. The presented comprehensive examination and discussion of the itaconate synthesis process-as a case study-demonstrates the impact of realistic process conditions on product yield, choice of whole cell catalyst, chemocatalysts and organic solvent system, operation mode, and, finally, the selection of a downstream concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Regestein
- AVT—Bio-chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Klement
- AVT—Bio-chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Center of Molecular Transformations, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Grande
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52064 Aachen, Germany
- Institut für Bio- und Geowissenschaften, Pflanzenwissenschaften (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dirk Kreyenschulte
- AVT—Bio-chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Heyman
- AVT—Bio-chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Maßmann
- AVT—Fluid Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Armin Eggert
- AVT—Fluid Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Sengpiel
- AVT—Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yumei Wang
- AVT—Enzyme Process Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars M. Blank
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52064 Aachen, Germany
| | - Antje Spiess
- AVT—Enzyme Process Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institut für Bioverfahrenstechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Brunswick, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52064 Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institut für Organische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- AVT—Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Jupke
- AVT—Fluid Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Rosenbaum
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52064 Aachen, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 23, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jochen Büchs
- AVT—Bio-chemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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