1
|
Aguilar C, Henriquez J, Salvo C, Alfonso I, Araya N, Muñoz L. Computational Study of the Influence of α/β-Phase Ratio and Porosity on the Elastic Modulus of Ti-Based Alloy Foams. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114064. [PMID: 37297198 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to perform a computational analysis on the influence that microstructure and porosity have on the elastic modulus of Ti-6Al-4V foams used in biomedical applications with different α/β-phase ratios. The work is divided into two analyses, first the influence that the α/β-phase ratio has and second the effects that porosity and α/β-phase ratio have on the elastic modulus. Two microstructures were analyzed: equiaxial α-phase grains + intergranular β-phase (microstructure A) and equiaxial β-phase grains + intergranular α-phase (microstructure B). The α/β-phase ratio was variated from 10 to 90% and the porosity from 29 to 56%. The simulations of the elastic modulus were carried out using finite element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS software v19.3. The results were compared with experimental data reported by our group and those found in the literature. The β-phase amount and porosity have a synergic effect on the elastic modulus, for example, when the foam has a porosity of 29 with 0% β-phase, and it has an elastic modulus of ≈55 GPa, but when the β-phase amount increases to 91%, the elastic modulus decreases as low as 38 GPa. The foams with 54% porosity have values smaller than 30 GPa for all the β-phase amounts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Aguilar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Materiales, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Javier Henriquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Materiales, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Christopher Salvo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Concepción 4081112, Chile
| | - Ismelí Alfonso
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Morelia UNAM, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Nicolas Araya
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 315 Barrio Universitario, Concepción 4070409, Chile
| | - Lisa Muñoz
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang P, Li Y, Shu Y, Liang S, Huang X, Gan Y, Li G, Huang H. Abatement of VOCs mixture of emerging concern by VUV-PCO process: From lab to pilot scale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159295. [PMID: 36228796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a kind of emerging pollutant, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are getting increasing attention due to their contribution to the formation of atmospheric haze and O3. Photocatalytic oxidation under vacuum ultraviolet photocatalytic oxidation (VUV-PCO) presents a promising method for VOCs degradation, but it is seldom studied for VOCs compound and the mechanism is still elusive. Herein, typical VOCs such as toluene and ethyl acetate were degraded separately or together in VUV system and in VUV-PCO system with the designed trifunctional catalyst Mn/TiO2/ZSM-5. Intermediates were recognized by PTR-TOF-MS. It is found that dual VOCs mixture outperformed single VOCs under both VUV process and VUV-PCO process. Possible degradation mechanisms were proposed. To explore the potential practicality of VUV-PCO technology, scale-up synthesis of Mn/TiO2/ZSM-5 on ceramic foams was successfully carried out and assembled into a homemade pilot-scale VUV-PCO equipment for the control of simulated VOCs complex (toluene, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and acetone). Pilot-scale catalytic testing with the monolithic catalysts achieved high removal efficiency (over 90 % efficiency after two cycles of regeneration) and confirmed the practical application possibility of VUV-PCO technology in multiple VOCs degradation. This work probes into the VUV-PCO technology applicability from lab scale to pilot scale and promotes the understanding of VUV and VUV-PCO in VOCs complex decomposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingli Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiheng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajie Shu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Solid-State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.
| | - Shimin Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongfei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Gan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guangqin Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibao Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva D, Arcos C, Montero C, Guerra C, Martínez C, Li X, Ringuedé A, Cassir M, Ogle K, Guzmán D, Aguilar C, Páez M, Sancy M. A Tribological and Ion Released Research of Ti-Materials for Medical Devices. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:ma15010131. [PMID: 35009273 PMCID: PMC8746336 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The increase in longevity worldwide has intensified the use of different types of prostheses for the human body, such as those used in dental work as well as in hip and knee replacements. Currently, Ti-6Al-4V is widely used as a joint implant due to its good mechanical properties and durability. However, studies have revealed that this alloy can release metal ions or particles harmful to human health. The mechanisms are not well understood yet and may involve wear and/or corrosion. Therefore, in this work, commercial pure titanium and a Ti-6Al-4V alloy were investigated before and after being exposed to a simulated biological fluid through tribological tests, surface analysis, and ionic dissolution characterization by ICP-AES. Before exposure, X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy revealed equiaxed α-Ti in both materials and β-Ti in Ti-6Al-4V. Scratch tests exhibited a lower coefficient of friction for Ti-6Al-4V alloy than commercially pure titanium. After exposure, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy results showed an oxide film formed by TiO2, both in commercially pure titanium and in Ti-6Al-4V, and by TiO and Al2O3 associated with the presence of the alloys. Furthermore, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy revealed that aluminum was the main ion released for Ti-6Al-4V, giving negligible values for the other metal ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Silva
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Camila Arcos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Cecilia Montero
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Carolina Guerra
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Carola Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Obras Civiles, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Xuejie Li
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie de Paris, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France; (X.L.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Armelle Ringuedé
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie de Paris, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France; (X.L.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Michel Cassir
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie de Paris, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France; (X.L.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Kevin Ogle
- CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie de Paris, Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, 75005 Paris, France; (X.L.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Danny Guzmán
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Metalurgia, Universidad de Atacama, Copiapó 1530000, Chile;
| | - Claudio Aguilar
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica y de Materiales, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile;
| | - Maritza Páez
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Mamié Sancy
- Escuela de Construcción Civil, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación en Nanotecnologiía y Materiales Avanzados “CIEN-UC”, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cai K, Jiao Y, Quan Q, Hao Y, Liu J, Wu L. Improved activity of MC3T3-E1 cells by the exciting piezoelectric BaTiO 3/TC4 using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4073-4082. [PMID: 33997494 PMCID: PMC8090998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing bioactive materials for bone implants to enhance bone healing and bone growth has for years been the focus of clinical research. Barium titanate (BT) is an electroactive material that can generate electrical signals in response to applied mechanical forces. In this study, a BT piezoelectric ceramic coating was synthesized on the surface of a TC4 titanium alloy, forming a BT/TC4 material, and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) was then applied as a mechanical stimulus. The combined effects on the biological responses of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated. Results of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction showed that an uniform nanospheres -shaped BT coating was formed on TC4 substrate. Piezoelectric behaviors were observed using piezoelectric force microscopy with the piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 0.42 pC/N. Electrochemical measures indicated that LIPUS-stimulated BT/TC4 materials could produce a microcurrent of approximately 10 μA/cm2. In vitro, the greatest osteogenesis (cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation) was found in MC3T3-E1 cells when BT/TC4 was stimulated using LIPUS. Furthermore, the intracellular calcium ion concentration increased in these cells, possibly because opening of the L-type calcium ion channels was promoted and expression of the CaV1.2 protein was increased. Therefore, the piezoelectric BT/TC4 material with LIPUS loading synergistically promoted osteogenesis, rending it a potential treatment for early stage formation of reliable bone-implant contact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunzhan Cai
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yilai Jiao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Quan Quan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yulin Hao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Lin Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110001, China
| |
Collapse
|