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Moustafa AHE, Abdel-Rahman HH, Barakat A, Mohamed HA, El-Kholany AS. An Exploratory Experimental Analysis Backed by Quantum Mechanical Modeling, Spectroscopic, and Surface Study for C-Steel Surface in the Presence of Hydrazone-Based Schiff Bases to Fix Corrosion Defects in Acidic Media. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16469-16485. [PMID: 38617646 PMCID: PMC11007727 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This work focuses on developing corrosion control and protecting the environment by creating affordable, sustainable, environmentally friendly, and efficient corrosion resistance chemicals. That is, through synthesized three hydrazone Schiff bases E-2-(1-hydrazonoethyl)thiazole (HTZ), 2-((E)-(((Z)-1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (HTZS), and 2-((E)-(((Z)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazono)methyl)phenol (HPYS) and corrosion inhibitors for C-steel in 8 M H3PO4 solution that were studied. The chemicals were analyzed by using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy to learn more about them. Predominantly, the hydrazone-based Schiff bases have been considered powerful inhibitors due to their ability to be adsorbed with very low concentrations through their reactive sites (N, O, and S). Maximum surface (θmax) coverage and inhibition efficiency of 83.33% were sufficiently found at 99.00 × 10-3 mol/L concentration of HTZS at 293 K. Galvanostatic experiments demonstrated that raising the concentration of hydrazones improved mass transfer resistance. To study microstructure, scanning, reflectance, and energy-dispersive X-rays were used. Roughness and qualitative adhesion of the adsorbed layer were estimated by an atomic force microscope. After adding 99.00 × 10-3 mol/L of HTZS, the degree of surface brightness and reflectance increases to 137.20, relative to the corroded electrolyte-free solution 27.70. The roughness (Ra) decreased from 0.468 to 0.088 μm by adding HTZS. A surface morphology study confirmed that adding hydrazones to the C-steel dissolution bath greatly improves the surface's look and texture quality. The atomic absorption spectroscopy technique was used to compare the concentration of the iron ions that remained in the solution after galvanostatic analysis in the absence and presence of the hydrazones under different conditions; it was found that the inhibited solution contained lower concentrations of iron ions as compared to the uninhibited solution. The DFT theoretical analysis verified the observation of hydrazone physical adsorption through bonding electrons that obey kinetic adsorption isotherms. It is based on examining the highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO), the Fukui functions, and the Mulliken atomic charge. Overall, the results suggest that HTZS is a good corrosion inhibitor with a large surface area due to the presence of S, N, and O atoms, allowing for creating a larger surface due to the large molecular volume of atoms protecting against the corrosion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira H. E. Moustafa
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 0203, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H. Abdel-Rahman
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, Alexandria 0203, Egypt
| | - Assem Barakat
- Chemistry
Department, College of Science, Saudi Arabia, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hagar A. Mohamed
- Laboratory
Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria 0203, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. El-Kholany
- Laboratory
Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria 0203, Egypt
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Moustafa AHE, Abdel-Rahman HH, Hagar M, Aouad MR, Rezki N, Bishr SAA. Anticorrosive performance of newly synthesized dipyridine based ionic liquids by experimental and theoretical approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19197. [PMID: 37932361 PMCID: PMC10628253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Two newly synthetic nontoxic dipyridine-based ionic liquids (PILs) with the same chain lengths and different polar groups were investigated: bispyridine-1-ium tetrafluoroborate (BPHP, TFPHP) with terminal polar groups Br and CF3, respectively, on Carbon steel (CS) in 8M H3PO4 as corrosion inhibitors. Their chemical structure was verified by performing 1HNMR and 13CNMR. Their corrosion inhibition was investigated by electrochemical tests, especially as mass transfer with several characterizations: Scanning electron microscope/Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), UV-visible, Atomic force microscope, Atomic absorbance spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Gloss value. Theoretical calculation using density functional theory by calculating several parameters, molecular electrostatic potential, Fukui Indices, and Local Dual Descriptors were performed to demonstrate the reactivity behavior and the reactive sites of two molecules with a concentration range (1.25-37.5 × 10-5 M) and temperature (293-318 K). The maximum inhibition efficiency (76.19%) and uniform coverage were sufficient for BPHP at an optimum concentration of 37.5 × 10-5 M with the lowest temperature of 293 K. TFPHP recorded 71.43% at the same conditions. Two PILs were adsorbed following the El-Awady adsorption isotherm, including physicochemical adsorption. The computational findings agree with Electrochemical measurements and thus confirm CS's corrosion protection in an aggressive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Hossam Eldin Moustafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa H Abdel-Rahman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
- Faculty of Advanced Basic Sciences, Alamein International University, Alamein, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R Aouad
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, 30002, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadjet Rezki
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, 30002, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif A A Bishr
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. 426 Ibrahemia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
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Geana EI, Ciucure CT, Tamaian R, Marinas IC, Gaboreanu DM, Stan M, Chitescu CL. Antioxidant and Wound Healing Bioactive Potential of Extracts Obtained from Bark and Needles of Softwood Species. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1383. [PMID: 37507922 PMCID: PMC10376860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in the extraction of phytochemical bioactive compounds, especially polyphenols from biomass, has recently increased due to their valuable biological potential as natural sources of antioxidants, which could be used in a wide range of applications, from foods and pharmaceuticals to green polymers and bio-based materials. The present research study aimed to provide a comprehensive chemical characterization of the phytochemical composition of forest biomass (bark and needles) of softwood species (Picea abies L., H. Karst., and Abies alba Mill.) and to investigate their in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities to assess their potential in treating and healing infected chronic wounds. The DPPH radical-scavenging method and P-LD were used for a mechanistic explanation of the biomolecular effects of the investigated bioactive compounds. (+)-Catechin, epicatechin, rutin, myricetin, 4 hydroxybenzoic and p-cumaric acids, kaempherol, and apigenin were the main quantified polyphenols in coniferous biomass (in quantities around 100 µg/g). Also, numerous phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, terpenes, lignans, secoiridoids, and indanes with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antihemolytic, and anti-carcinogenic potential were identified. The Abies alba needle extract was more toxic to microbial strains than the eukaryotic cells that provide its active wound healing principles. In this context, developing industrial upscaling strategies is imperative for the long-term success of biorefineries and incorporating them as part of a circular bio-economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeta-Irina Geana
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Corina Teodora Ciucure
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Radu Tamaian
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania;
| | - Ioana Cristina Marinas
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Diana Mădălina Gaboreanu
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
- National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna Stan
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 050567 Bucharest, Romania; (D.M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Carmen Lidia Chitescu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
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Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li B, Guo H, Dou X, Lu K, Feng Y. High-performance corrosion resistance of chemically-reinforced chitosan as ecofriendly inhibitor for mild steel. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 150:108330. [PMID: 36446197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Finding new cost-effective and environmentally friendly anti-corrosion materials is a never-ending task. The present study is to prepare a new formulation based on chitosan derivatives with different degrees of substitution (chitosan-5-HMF) as an efficient green corrosion inhibitor to protect mild steel against corrosion in 1 M HCl. The inhibition performance of chitosan-5-HMF was determined by electrochemical tests coupled with theoretical study like as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to assess the reactivity and adsorption mechanisms between chitosan-5-HMF and Fe. The obtained results revealed that chitosan-5-HMF3 performs excellently inhibition performance where its inhibition efficiency reached 97.01% at 200 mg/L, and it acted as an anode-based mixed inhibitor. SEM and contact angle analysis showed the formation of compact chitosan-5-HMF film on the steel surface. Molecular dynamic simulations also manifested that chitosan-5-HMF was absorbed more strongly on the metal surface in a parallel mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China; Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Benzhe Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Hanyu Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Xiangyu Dou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
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Osman LS, Hamidon TS, Latif NHA, Elias NHH, Saidin M, Shahidan S, Abdullah SHA, Ali NA, Rusli SSM, Ibrahim MNM, Raja PB, Hussin MH. Rust conversion of archeological cannonball from Fort Cornwallis using oil palm frond lignin. INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2023; 192:116107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Elaraby A, El-samad SA, khamis EA, Zaki EG. Theoretical and electrochemical evaluation of tetra-cationic surfactant as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl. Sci Rep 2023; 13:942. [PMID: 36653379 PMCID: PMC9849212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, scientist study the role of surfactants for carbon steel corrosion protection. In the present study, newly tetra-cationic surfactant (CS4: 1,N1'-(ethane-1,2-diyl) bis (N1, N2-didodecyl-N2-(2- (((E)-3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzylidene)amino)ethyl)ethane-1,2-diaminium) chloride) based on Schiff-base compound(5,5'-((1E,17E)-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaazaoctadeca-1,17-diene-1,18-diyl)bis(2-methoxyphenol) was synthesised, purified and characterized using FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. The synthesized Tetra-cationic surfactant (CS4) was evaluated as anti-corrosion for carbon steel (CS-metal) in aggressive 1 M HCl using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques (PDP). CS4 compound had a good surface-active property by reducing the surface tension as a result to the hydrophobic chains role. The prepared CS4 behaved as hybrid inhibitor (mixed-type) by blocking the anodic and cathodic sites. CS4 exhibited good inhibition efficiency reached 95.69%. The surface morphology of CS-metal was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)confirming the anti-corrosive effect of CS4 compound returned into the adsorption process of CS4 molecules over CS-metal which obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibitive effect of CS4 was supported by theoretical quantum chemical studies using the density functional theory (DFT), Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Elaraby
- grid.454081.c0000 0001 2159 1055Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shrouk. Abd El-samad
- grid.454081.c0000 0001 2159 1055Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman. A. khamis
- grid.454081.c0000 0001 2159 1055Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt ,University College of Umluj-Tabuk University, Umluj, Saudi Arabia
| | - E. G. Zaki
- grid.454081.c0000 0001 2159 1055Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City 11727, Cairo, Egypt
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AlSalhi MS, Devanesan S, Rajasekar A, Kokilaramani S. Characterization of plants and seaweeds based corrosion inhibitors against microbially influenced corrosion in a cooling tower water environment. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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8
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Elaraby A, Elgendy A, Abd-El-Raouf M, Migahed M, El-Tabei A, Abdullah AM, Al-Qahtani N, Alharbi SM, Shaban SM, Kim D, El Basiony N. Synthesis of Gemini cationic surfactants based on natural nicotinic acid and evaluation of their inhibition performance at C-steel/1 M HCl interface: Electrochemical and computational investigations. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Chen J, Ni Y, Mei B, Jiang H, Wang Y, Chen Y, Qi H. Extraction of pigments from camellia seed husks and their application on silk fabrics. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34715-34723. [PMID: 36545615 PMCID: PMC9717577 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06793e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To reuse camellia husk waste and expand the scope of natural dyes, this research proposes pigment extraction from camellia husks and investigates various properties when applied on silk fabrics. Single-factor experiments were used to screen and optimize the dyeing process. The extracted pigments and dyed fibers were analyzed and characterized by LC-MS, FTIR and SEM, respectively. Six metal mordants were compared with each other, and their possible mordanting mechanisms were proposed. Color fastness, UV resistance, and antioxidant and antibacterial properties were evaluated after dyeing. The results showed that the optimal dyeing process was as follows: dyestuff mass 50 g L-1, holding time 45 min, bath pH 3.0, holding temperature 100 °C. LC-MS and FTIR results showed that the pigments in the extracts were mainly dimeric and multimeric procyanidins. Metal ion addition increased the K/S value while the pre-mordanting method had a superior dyeing depth. The rubbing and washing fastness of the dyed fabric were all above grade 4.0. Meanwhile, the dyed sample exhibited favorable UV resistance, and antioxidant and antibacterial properties, including a UPF index of 63.4 and an inhibition rate of 98.74% and 97.39% for S. aureus and E. coli, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 China
- College of Textiles and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University Fujian 362002 China
| | - Yu Ni
- College of Textiles and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University Fujian 362002 China
| | - Bohao Mei
- College of Textiles and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University Fujian 362002 China
| | - Huiyu Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 China
| | - Yunli Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 China
| | - Yangyi Chen
- College of Textiles and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University Fujian 362002 China
| | - Huan Qi
- College of Textiles and Apparel, Quanzhou Normal University Fujian 362002 China
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Rust Conversion of Proanthocyanidins to Archaeological Steel: A Case Study of Lingzhao Xuan in the Forbidden City. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227711. [PMID: 36431813 PMCID: PMC9696096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This work was focused on the rust conversion of proanthocyanidins (PC) for goethite (α-FeOOH), akaganeite (β-FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), trying to show the potential of PC as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor and rust converter for archaeological steel conservation. The experiment used a rusted steel screw from Lingzhao Xuan of the Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty and three kinds of pure iron oxyhydroxides as research samples. By means of micro-Raman, FTIR, XRD, XPS, SEM and EIS, PC had the ability to chemically react with iron oxyhydroxides in the rust, forming amorphous PC-FeOOH with a marked signal about 1384 cm-1 as phenolic-Fe in infrared properties. The original relatively stable iron oxides were not induced to phase transformation and still remained. The converted rust layer could be more stable in the corrosive medium and increased the corrosion potential more effectively. Both the rust layer resistance and the charge transfer resistance of the archaeological samples were improved by at least 3 times with 5.0 g/L of PC, which could reasonably stabilize the archaeological rust and hindered external corrosive penetration into the core. It was a mild protection material that showed satisfactory performance for archaeological steel cultural heritage and has a good application prospect.
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Yue Z, Zhou R, Li Q, Ouyang S, Liu L, Zhou Q. Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by CdSe Nanorods and the Therapy with Modified Procyanidinere. TOXICS 2022; 10:673. [PMID: 36355964 PMCID: PMC9693992 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The CdSe nanorod as a one-dimensional nanostructure has an excellent performance in many fields, such as healthcare, new energy, and environmental protection. Thus, it is crucial to investigate its potential adverse health effects prior to their wide exposure. The lung tissue would be the main target organ after CdSe nanorods enter living systems. Here, we showed that pulmonary instillation of CdSe nanorods could decrease the vitality of T-SOD and T-AOC in lung tissues of a rat, increase MDA and hydroxyproline levels and lipid peroxidation products, induce mitochondrial cristae breakage and vacuolization, cause inflammatory responses, and finally induce pulmonary fibrosis. The oral administration of modified procyanidinere could significantly increase the content of antioxidant enzymes, scavenge free radicals, reduce lipid peroxidation, and have protective effects on CdSe nanorods-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The benefit is not only in the early inflammatory stage but also in the later stages of the CdSe nanorods-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongkai Yue
- Laboratory of Environmental Protection in Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China, Tianjin 300456, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruiren Zhou
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, USA
| | - Qingzhao Li
- Preventive Medicine Department and Department of Biological Science, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Shaohu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Corrosion Inhibition and Rust Conversion of Catechin on Archaeological Iron of Nanhai I. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12050714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This work took the iron objects from the Nanhai No. 1 shipwreck in the Southern Song Dynasty of China as the sample to test and analyze the application potential of catechin, an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor and rust converter. The article used metallographic microscopy to clarify that the structure of the iron artifact was hypereutectic white iron. By means of micro-Raman, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, catechin had the ability to react with iron oxyhydroxides such as goethite, akaganeite and lepidocrocite in the rust, forming an amorphous substance with a marked signal about 1380 cm−1 as phenolic-Fe in infrared properties. The new products could make the original rust layer form a laminated dense structure. After the archaeological iron was soaked in 3.0 g/L catechin, the corrosion current density decreased by 37.13% and the corrosion potential shifted positively by 32.67 mV. The anode reaction was more inhibited than the cathode in the polarization curve. The rust resistance in electrochemical impedance increased to 3.75 times and the ion diffusion resistance increased to 6.33 times. The corrosion inhibition efficiency was 21.75% and the rust conversion efficiency was 73.26%. After 36 h of accelerated corrosion, the protection effect of the newly transformed rust layer was still better than that of the original state. Catechin was a mild protection material which showed satisfactory performance for archaeological iron and has a good application prospect.
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Gołębiewska E, Kalinowska M, Yildiz G. Sustainable Use of Apple Pomace (AP) in Different Industrial Sectors. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051788. [PMID: 35269018 PMCID: PMC8911415 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In many countries, apple pomace (AP) is one of the most produced types of agri-food waste (globally, it is produced at a rate of ~4 million tons/year). If not managed properly, such bio-organic waste can cause serious pollution of the natural environment and public health hazards, mainly due to the risk of microbial contamination. This review shows that AP can be successfully reused in different industrial sectors—for example, as a source of energy and bio-materials—according to the idea of sustainable development. The recovered active compounds from AP can be applied as preservatives, antioxidants, anti-corrosion agents, wood protectors or biopolymers. Raw or processed forms of AP can also be considered as feedstocks for various bioenergy applications such as the production of intermediate bioenergy carriers (e.g., biogas and pyrolysis oil), and materials (e.g., biochar and activated carbon). In the future, AP and its active ingredients can be of great use due to their non-toxicity, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Given the increasing mass of produced AP, the commercial applications of AP could have a huge economic impact in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Gołębiewska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Monika Kalinowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science, Institute of Civil Engineering and Energetics, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E Street, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Güray Yildiz
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey;
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