1
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Forest V, Pourchez J. Nano-delivery to the lung - by inhalation or other routes and why nano when micro is largely sufficient? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 183:114173. [PMID: 35217112 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases gather a wide range of disorders which are generally difficult to treat, partly due to a poor delivery of drugs to the lung with adequate dose and minimum side effects. With the recent developments of nanotechnology, nano-delivery systems have raised interest. In this review, we detail the main types of nanocarriers that have been developed presenting their respective advantages and limitations. We also discuss the route of administration (systemic versus by inhalation), also considering technical aspects (different types of aerosol devices) with concrete examples of applications. Finally, we propose some perspectives of development in the field such as the nano-in-micro approaches, the emergence of drug vaping to generate airborne carriers in the submicron size range, the development of innovative respiratory models to assess regional aerosol deposition of nanoparticles or the application of nano-delivery to the lung in the treatment of other diseases.
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2
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Filipczak N, Yalamarty SSK, Li X, Khan MM, Parveen F, Torchilin V. Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Regenerative Medicine. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185371. [PMID: 34576594 PMCID: PMC8467523 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The most important goal of regenerative medicine is to repair, restore, and regenerate tissues and organs that have been damaged as a result of an injury, congenital defect or disease, as well as reversing the aging process of the body by utilizing its natural healing potential. Regenerative medicine utilizes products of cell therapy, as well as biomedical or tissue engineering, and is a huge field for development. In regenerative medicine, stem cells and growth factor are mainly used; thus, innovative drug delivery technologies are being studied for improved delivery. Drug delivery systems offer the protection of therapeutic proteins and peptides against proteolytic degradation where controlled delivery is achievable. Similarly, the delivery systems in combination with stem cells offer improvement of cell survival, differentiation, and engraftment. The present review summarizes the significance of biomaterials in tissue engineering and the importance of colloidal drug delivery systems in providing cells with a local environment that enables them to proliferate and differentiate efficiently, resulting in successful tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Satya Siva Kishan Yalamarty
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Muhammad Muzamil Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Farzana Parveen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Vladimir Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.K.Y.); (X.L.); (F.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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3
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Zhao L, Skwarczynski M, Toth I. Polyelectrolyte-Based Platforms for the Delivery of Peptides and Proteins. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4937-4950. [PMID: 33455241 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The use of peptides and proteins in the pharmaceutical field has increased dramatically over recent years. They have been especially relevant to advances in the treatment of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, leukemia, and cardiovascular, ophthalmological, metabolic, and infectious diseases. Despite the great potential of peptides and proteins, their use in pharmaceuticals has failed to reach its full potential because of some outstanding challenges. They are unstable under storage conditions and in biological milieus, and their high molecular weight limits permeation through biological membranes. A variety of delivery systems have been investigated to overcome these limitations. Polyelectrolytes (PEs) are molecules that bear multiple negative or positive charges. These molecules play an important role in various platforms relating to the delivery of peptide/protein-based drugs and subunit vaccines. The most commonly utilized PEs include chitosan, alginate, chondroitin sulfate, and poly(γ-glutamic acid). PE-based delivery systems, such as polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs), PE-coated nanocarriers, and PE multilayers, were designed to protect peptides and proteins from degradation and facilitate their absorption. These delivery systems are especially effective when administered orally or intranasally. This review emphasizes the important role of PEs and PE-based delivery vehicles in peptide/protein-based drugs and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mariusz Skwarczynski
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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4
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Abedini F, Ebrahimi M, Roozbehani AH, Domb AJ, Hosseinkhani H. Overview on natural hydrophilic polysaccharide polymers in drug delivery. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abedini
- Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Hesarak Karaj Alborz Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahimi
- Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Hesarak Karaj Alborz Iran
| | | | - Abraham J. Domb
- School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and Alex Grass Center for drug Design and Synthesis, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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5
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Rafael D, Andrade F, Montero S, Gener P, Seras-Franzoso J, Martínez F, González P, Florindo H, Arango D, Sayós J, Abasolo I, Videira M, Schwartz Jr. S. Rational Design of a siRNA Delivery System: ALOX5 and Cancer Stem Cells as Therapeutic Targets. PRECISION NANOMEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.29016/180629.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for an ideal gene delivery system is a long and laborious process in which several factors from the first idea to final formulation, including main challenges, peaks and troughs, should be deeply taken into consideration to ensure adequate biological safety and in vivo efficacy endpoints. Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5), a crucial player related with cancer development and in particular with cancer stem cells malignancy. In this work we describe the process behind the development of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system to inhibit ALOX5 in cancer stem cells (CSC), as a model target gene. We started by screening chitosan polyplexes, among different types of chitosan in different complexation conditions. Due to the low silencing efficacy obtained, chitosan polyplexes were combined with Pluronic®-based polymeric micelles with recognized advantages regarding gene transfection. We tested different types of polymeric particles to improve the biological efficacy of chitosan polyplexes. Nevertheless, limited transfection efficiency was still detected. The well-established polyethyleneimine (PEI) cationic polymer was used in substitution of chitosan, in combination with polymeric micelles, originating PEI-siRNA-Pluronic® systems. The presence of Pluronic® F127 in the formulation showed to be of utmost importance because not only the silencing activity of the polyplexes was improved, but also PEI-associated toxicity was clearly reduced. This, allowed to increase the amount of PEI inside the system and its overall efficacy. Indeed, different types of PEI, N/P ratios and preparation methods were tested until an optimal formulation composed by PEI 10k branched-based polyplexes at an N/P ratio of 50 combined with micelles of Pluronic® F127 was selected. This combined micelle presented adequate technological properties, safety profile, and biological efficacy, resulting in high ALOX5 gene silencing and strong reduction of invasion and transformation capabilities of a stem cell subpopulation isolated from MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rafael
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa
| | - Fernanda Andrade
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Research Centre for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM-Nanomedicine), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Sara Montero
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Research Centre for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM-Nanomedicine), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Petra Gener
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Research Centre for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM-Nanomedicine), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Joaquin Seras-Franzoso
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Research Centre for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM-Nanomedicine), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Francesc Martínez
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Research Centre for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM-Nanomedicine), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Patricia González
- Networking Research Centre for Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Zaragoza
| | - Helena Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa
| | - Diego Arango
- Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract Tumors, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona,
| | - Joan Sayós
- Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Ibane Abasolo
- Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
| | - Mafalda Videira
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa (iMed.ULisboa), Lisbon
| | - Simó Schwartz Jr.
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Research Centre for Nanomedicine (CIBBIM-Nanomedicine), Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca
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6
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7
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André EM, Passirani C, Seijo B, Sanchez A, Montero-Menei CN. Nano and microcarriers to improve stem cell behaviour for neuroregenerative medicine strategies: Application to Huntington's disease. Biomaterials 2016; 83:347-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Paiva D, Markowski T, Dobner B, Brezesinski G, Möhwald H, do Carmo Pereira M, Rocha S. Synthesis and study of the complex formation of a cationic alkyl-chain bola amino alcohol with DNA: in vitro transfection efficiency. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Basu A, Kunduru KR, Abtew E, Domb AJ. Polysaccharide-Based Conjugates for Biomedical Applications. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:1396-412. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Basu
- Institute
for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91120
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, 835215, India
| | - Konda Reddy Kunduru
- Institute
for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91120
| | - Ester Abtew
- Institute
for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91120
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Institute
for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91120
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10
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Abstract
Nucleic acids show immense potential to treat cancer, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, neurological diseases and other incurable human diseases. Upon systemic administration, they encounter a series of barriers and hence barely reach the site of action, the cell. Intracellular delivery of nucleic acids is facilitated by nanovectors, both viral and non-viral. A major advantage of non-viral vectors over viral vectors is safety. Nanovectors evaluated specifically for nucleic acid delivery include polyplexes, lipoplexes and other cationic carrier-based vectors. However, more recently there is an increased interest in inorganic nanovectors for nucleic acid delivery. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive review on the subject. The present review would cover in detail specific properties and types of inorganic nanovectors, their preparation techniques and various biomedical applications as therapeutics, diagnostics and theranostics. Future prospects are also suggested.
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11
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Hosseinkhani H, Abedini F, Ou KL, Domb AJ. Polymers in gene therapy technology. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Center of Excellence in Nanomedicine; National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech); Taipei 10607 Taiwan
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Dentistry; Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital; Taipei 235 Taiwan
| | - Fatemeh Abedini
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute; Karaj Alborz IRAN
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Department of Dentistry; Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital; Taipei 235 Taiwan
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Institute of Drug Research, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 91120 Israel
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12
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Elsayed M, Corrand V, Kolhatkar V, Xie Y, Kim NH, Kolhatkar R, Merkel OM. Influence of oligospermines architecture on their suitability for siRNA delivery. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:1299-310. [PMID: 24552396 PMCID: PMC3993926 DOI: 10.1021/bm401849d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Spermines are naturally abundant
polyamines that partially condense
nucleic acids and exhibit the proton-sponge effect in an acidic environment.
However, spermines show a limited efficiency for transfecting nucleic
acids because of their low molecular weight. Therefore, spermines
need to be modified to be used as nonviral vectors for nucleic acids.
Here, we synthesized linear bisspermine as well as a linear and dendritic
tetraspermine with different molecular architectures. These oligospermines
were self-assembled into polyplexes with siRNA. The structure–activity
relationship of the oligospermines was evaluated in terms of their
efficiency for delivering siRNA into a nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
cell line. Oligospermines displayed minimal cytotoxicity but efficient
siRNA condensation and showed better stability against polyanions
than polyethylenimine. The morphology of the polyplexes was strongly
affected by the oligospermine architecture. Linear tetraspermine/siRNA
polyplexes showed the best gene-silencing efficiency among the oligospermines
tested at both the mRNA and protein expression levels, indicating
the most favorable structure for siRNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University , 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
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13
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Krasia-Christoforou T, Georgiou TK. Polymeric theranostics: using polymer-based systems for simultaneous imaging and therapy. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3002-3025. [PMID: 32261003 DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20191k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-based nanomedicine is a large and fast growing field. Polymer-based systems have been extensively used as therapeutic carriers as well as bioimaging agents for example in tumour diagnosis. However, fewer polymeric systems have been able to combine both therapy and imaging in a new field that is called theranostics (theragnostics). This review aims to summarise the recent developments and trends on polymeric theranostics. Four different types of therapies/treatments are examined namely drug delivery, gene delivery, photodynamic therapy and hyperthermia treatment combined with different imaging moieties like magnetic resonance imaging agents, fluorescent agents and microbubbles for ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Krasia-Christoforou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus.
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14
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Efficient gene transfection in the neurotypic cells by star-shaped polymer consisting of β-cyclodextrin core and poly(amidoamine) dendron arms. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 94:185-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Tumor cells-specific targeting delivery achieved by A54 peptide functionalized polymeric micelles. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8858-67. [PMID: 22959183 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The delivery of all of administrated chemotherapeutics into tumor cells is an extreme object for tumor targeting therapy to enhance the curative effect and eliminate the side effect. However, until now, the targeting delivery has only partial been realized by passive targeting, which was called "enhanced permeability and retention" effect, and only few targeting delivery system was commercialized. Here, we designed and synthesized a hepatocarcinoma-binding peptide (A54 peptide, which was identified from a phage-display random peptide library) functionalized and PEGylated stearic acid grafted chitosan (A54-PEG-CS-SA) micelles for targeting therapy of doxorubicin. The A54-PEG-CS-SA micelles presented special internalization ability into human hepatoma cells (BEL-7402) when the cells were co-incubated with normal liver cells in vitro, and high distribution ability to liver and hepatoma tissue in vivo. In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity results showed that A54-PEG-CS-SA micelles loading doxorubicin treatments suppressed tumor growth more effectively and reduced toxicity compared with commercial adriamycin injection.
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16
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Samal SK, Dash M, Van Vlierberghe S, Kaplan DL, Chiellini E, van Blitterswijk C, Moroni L, Dubruel P. Cationic polymers and their therapeutic potential. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:7147-94. [PMID: 22885409 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35094g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed enormous research focused on cationic polymers. Cationic polymers are the subject of intense research as non-viral gene delivery systems, due to their flexible properties, facile synthesis, robustness and proven gene delivery efficiency. Here, we review the most recent scientific advances in cationic polymers and their derivatives not only for gene delivery purposes but also for various alternative therapeutic applications. An overview of the synthesis and preparation of cationic polymers is provided along with their inherent bioactive and intrinsic therapeutic potential. In addition, cationic polymer based biomedical materials are covered. Major progress in the fields of drug and gene delivery as well as tissue engineering applications is summarized in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangram Keshari Samal
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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17
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Hu FQ, Zhang YY, You J, Yuan H, Du YZ. pH Triggered Doxorubicin Delivery of PEGylated Glycolipid Conjugate Micelles for Tumor Targeting Therapy. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2469-78. [DOI: 10.1021/mp300002v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Qiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University,
866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University,
866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jian You
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University,
866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University,
866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University,
866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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18
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Abedini F, Hosseinkhani H, Ismail M, Domb AJ, Omar AR, Chong PP, Hong PD, Yu DS, Farber IY. Cationized dextran nanoparticle-encapsulated CXCR4-siRNA enhanced correlation between CXCR4 expression and serum alkaline phosphatase in a mouse model of colorectal cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4159-68. [PMID: 22888250 PMCID: PMC3415322 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s29823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The failure of colorectal cancer treatments is partly due to overexpression of CXCR4 by tumor cells, which plays a critical role in cell metastasis. Moreover, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels are frequently elevated in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. A polysaccharide, dextran, was chosen as the vector of siRNA. Spermine was conjugated to oxidized dextran by reductive amination process to obtain cationized dextran, so-called dextran-spermine, in order to prepare CXCR4-siRNAs/dextran-spermine nanoparticles. The fabricated nanoparticles were used in order to investigate whether downregulation of CXCR4 expression could affect serum ALP in mouse models of colorectal cancer. Methods: Colorectal cancer was established in BALB/C mice following injection of mouse colon carcinoma cells CT.26WT through the tail vein. CXCR4 siRNA for two sites of the target gene was administered following injection of naked siRNA or siRNA encapsulated into nanoparticles. Results: In vivo animal data revealed that CXCR4 silencing by dextran-spermine nanoparticles significantly downregulated CXCR4 expression compared with naked CXCR4 siRNA. Furthermore, there was correlation between CXCR4 expression and serum ALP. Conclusion: CXCR4 siRNA/dextran-spermine nanoparticles appear to be highly effective, and may be suitable for further in vivo applications. Further research evaluation will be needed to determine the effect of CXCR4 silencing on serum ALP levels, which may be a useful marker to predict liver metastasis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abedini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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19
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The biocompatibility of fatty acid modified dextran-agmatine bioconjugate gene delivery vector. Biomaterials 2012; 33:604-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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A novel tumor-targeted delivery system with hydrophobized hyaluronic acid–spermine conjugates (HHSCs) for efficient receptor-mediated siRNA delivery. Int J Pharm 2011; 414:233-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Golan S, Aytar BS, Muller JPE, Kondo Y, Lynn DM, Abbott NL, Talmon Y. Influence of biological media on the structure and behavior of ferrocene-containing cationic lipid/DNA complexes used for DNA delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:6615-6621. [PMID: 21528933 PMCID: PMC3105205 DOI: 10.1021/la200450x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biological media affect the physicochemical properties of cationic lipid-DNA complexes (lipoplexes) and can influence their ability to transfect cells. To develop new lipids for efficient DNA delivery, the influence of serum-containing media on the structures and properties of the resulting lipoplexes must be understood. To date, however, a clear and general picture of how serum-containing media influences the structures of lipoplexes has not been established. Some studies suggest that serum can disintegrate lipoplexes formed using certain types of cationic lipids, resulting in the inhibition of transfection. Other studies have demonstrated that lipoplexes formulated from other lipids are stable in the presence of serum and are able to transfect cells efficiently. In this article, we describe the influence of serum-containing media on lipoplexes formed using the redox-active cationic lipid bis(n-ferrocenylundecyl)dimethylammonium bromide (BFDMA). This lipoplex system promotes markedly decreased levels of transgene expression in COS-7 cells as serum concentrations are increased from 0 to 2, 5, 10, and 50% (v/v). To understand the cause of this decrease in transfection efficiency, we used cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and measurements of zeta potential to characterize lipoplexes in cell culture media supplemented with 0, 2, 5, 10, and 50% serum. Cryo-TEM revealed that in serum-free media BFDMA lipoplexes form onionlike, multilamellar nanostructures. However, the presence of serum in the media caused disassociation of the intact multilamellar lipoplexes. At low serum concentrations (2 and 5%), DNA threads appeared to separate from the complex, leaving the nanostructure of the lipoplexes disrupted. At higher serum concentration (10%), disassociation increased and bundles of multilamellae were discharged from the main multilamellar complex. In contrast, lipoplexes characterized in serum-free aqueous salt (Li(2)SO(4)) medium and in OptiMEM cell culture medium (no serum) did not exhibit significant structural changes. The zeta potentials of lipoplexes in serum-free media (salt medium and cell culture medium) were similar (e.g., approximately -35 mV). Interestingly, the presence of serum caused the zeta potentials to become less negative (about -20 mV in OptiMEM and -10 mV in Li(2)SO(4)), even though serum contains negatively charged entities that have been demonstrated to lead to more negative zeta potentials in other lipoplex systems. The combined measurements of zeta potential and cryo-TEM are consistent with the proposition that DNA threads separate from the lipoplex in the presence of serum, resulting in a decrease in the net negative charge of the surface of the lipoplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Golan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Burcu S. Aytar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1607, USA
| | - John P. E. Muller
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1607, USA
| | - Yukishige Kondo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David M. Lynn
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1607, USA
| | - Nicholas L. Abbott
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1607, USA
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Gene transfer into the lung by nanoparticle dextran-spermine/plasmid DNA complexes. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:284840. [PMID: 20617146 PMCID: PMC2896664 DOI: 10.1155/2010/284840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cationic polymer, dextran-spermine (D-SPM), has been found to mediate gene expression in a wide variety of cell lines and in vivo through systemic delivery. Here, we extended the observations by determining the optimal conditions for gene expression of D-SPM/plasmid DNA (D-SPM/pDNA) in cell lines and in the lungs of BALB/c mice via instillation delivery. In vitro studies showed that D-SPM could partially protect pDNA from degradation by nuclease and exhibited optimal gene transfer efficiency at D-SPM to pDNA weight-mixing ratio of 12. In the lungs of mice, the levels of gene expression generated by D-SPM/pDNA are highly dependent on the weight-mixing ratio of D-SPM to pDNA, amount of pDNA in the complex, and the assay time postdelivery. Readministration of the complex at day 1 following the first dosing showed no significant effect on the retention and duration of gene expression. The study also showed that there was a clear trend of increasing size of the complexes as the amount of pDNA was increased, where the sizes of the D-SPM/pDNA complexes were within the nanometer range.
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Noh SM, Park DE, Im SW, Kim SI, Kim YB, Oh YK. The Effects of Storage Conditions on the Stability of Porcine Placenta Extract-loaded Liposome Formulations. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2010. [DOI: 10.4333/kps.2010.40.3.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Roger E, Lagarce F, Garcion E, Benoit JP. Biopharmaceutical parameters to consider in order to alter the fate of nanocarriers after oral delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:287-306. [PMID: 20148639 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral route is the most common route for the delivery of drugs because it is simple to implement and improves patient compliance and quality of life. However, oral absorption is limited by various physiological barriers and remains a scientific challenge. Nanometric-sized drug delivery systems are being extensively studied and provide promising potential for oral drug delivery. Many different technological solutions have been proposed to enhance the bioavailability or the targeting of drug after oral administration. To reach these goals, it is important to analyze the biopharmaceutical parameters to consider in order to alter the fate of nanocarriers after oral delivery. In the present review, the gastrointestinal barrier and physiological stress factors with regard to nanocarriers' performance or integrity issues are first described. Second, the different characteristics offered by the nanocarriers (size, surface composition and properties mediated by external factors such as ligands) and their effect on the optimal transport of drug into the bloodstream are discussed. Finally, the integrity issue is discussed in function of the expected role of the nanocarriers: bioavailability enhancement or pharmacological targeting.
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25
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Viola JR, El-Andaloussi S, Oprea II, Smith CIE. Non-viral nanovectors for gene delivery: factors that govern successful therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2010; 7:721-35. [DOI: 10.1517/17425241003716810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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26
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Obata Y, Tajima S, Takeoka S. Evaluation of pH-responsive liposomes containing amino acid-based zwitterionic lipids for improving intracellular drug delivery in vitro and in vivo. J Control Release 2010; 142:267-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nyunt MT, Dicus CW, Cui YY, Yappert MC, Huser TR, Nantz MH, Wu J. Physico-chemical characterization of polylipid nanoparticles for gene delivery to the liver. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 20:2047-54. [PMID: 19860429 DOI: 10.1021/bc900150v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polylipid nanoparticles (PLNP) have been shown to be very effective in delivering antioxidative genes in the treatment of liver injury in mice. To build on our previous studies and to further characterize PLNP formulated from polycationic lipid (PCL) and cholesterol, we report here the synthesis of multigram quantities of PCL and employ analytical tools, such as Raman spectroscopy of single PLNP and live-cell imaging of lipofection, for the physicochemical characterization of PCL, PLNP, and the transfection process. Mass spectrometry demonstrates the characteristics of polymeric lipids. Raman spectrum of PCL reveals the polymeric structure of the polymers. The presence of cholesterol in PLNP formulation did not markedly change the Raman spectrum. PLNP-derived polyplexes exhibit Raman spectra very similar to PLNP except that the C-H out-of-plane deformation mode of the polymeric lipid is significantly suppressed, indicating the interaction with plasmid DNA. Zeta potential measurement indicates a large DNA-carrying capacity of PLNP and their stability for in vivo gene delivery. The live-cell fluorescent imaging dynamically shows that PLNP exerts transfection efficiency similar to lipofectamine in leading to early reporter gene expression in live hepatic cells. In conclusion, polylipid nanoparticles possess a high DNA carrying capacity and lipofection efficiency, rendering them suitable for testing in large animals. The employment of novel state-of-the-art technologies in the study of lipofection represents the level of physicochemical and biological characterization that is needed to best understand the key elements involved in the lipofection process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maung T Nyunt
- NSF Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, and Department of Internal Medicine, Transplant Research Program, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95817, USA
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28
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Sizovs A, McLendon PM, Srinivasachari S, Reineke TM. Carbohydrate polymers for nonviral nucleic acid delivery. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2010; 296:131-90. [PMID: 21504102 PMCID: PMC4096969 DOI: 10.1007/128_2010_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates have been investigated and developed as delivery vehicles for shuttling nucleic acids into cells. In this review, we present the state of the art in carbohydrate-based polymeric vehicles for nucleic acid delivery, with the focus on the recent successes in preclinical models, both in vitro and in vivo. Polymeric scaffolds based on the natural polysaccharides chitosan, hyaluronan, pullulan, dextran, and schizophyllan each have unique properties and potential for modification, and these results are discussed with the focus on facile synthetic routes and favorable performance in biological systems. Many of these carbohydrates have been used to develop alternative types of biomaterials for nucleic acid delivery to typical polyplexes, and these novel materials are discussed. Also presented are polymeric vehicles that incorporate copolymerized carbohydrates into polymer backbones based on polyethylenimine and polylysine and their effect on transfection and biocompatibility. Unique scaffolds, such as clusters and polymers based on cyclodextrin (CD), are also discussed, with the focus on recent successes in vivo and in the clinic. These results are presented with the emphasis on the role of carbohydrate and charge on transfection. Use of carbohydrates as molecular recognition ligands for cell-type specific delivery is also briefly reviewed. We contend that carbohydrates have contributed significantly to progress in the field of non-viral DNA delivery, and these new discoveries are impactful for developing new vehicles and materials for treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antons Sizovs
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA24060, USA
| | - Patrick M. McLendon
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA24060, USA
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45228, USA
| | - Sathya Srinivasachari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA24060, USA
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Abstract
The lung is an attractive target for drug delivery due to noninvasive administration via inhalation aerosols, avoidance of first-pass metabolism, direct delivery to the site of action for the treatment of respiratory diseases, and the availability of a huge surface area for local drug action and systemic absorption of drug. Colloidal carriers (ie, nanocarrier systems) in pulmonary drug delivery offer many advantages such as the potential to achieve relatively uniform distribution of drug dose among the alveoli, achievement of improved solubility of the drug from its own aqueous solubility, a sustained drug release which consequently reduces dosing frequency, improves patient compliance, decreases incidence of side effects, and the potential of drug internalization by cells. This review focuses on the current status and explores the potential of colloidal carriers (ie, nanocarrier systems) in pulmonary drug delivery with special attention to their pharmaceutical aspects. Manufacturing processes, in vitro/in vivo evaluation methods, and regulatory/toxicity issues of nanomedicines in pulmonary delivery are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Mansour
- University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Drug Development Division, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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30
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Cavallaro G, Licciardi M, Scirè S, Giammona G. Microwave-assisted synthesis of PHEA–oligoamine copolymers as potential gene delivery systems. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2009; 4:291-303. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To prepare new copolymers, useful for gene delivery, based on α, β-poly-(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D, L-aspartamide (PHEA) as a polymeric backbone and bearing an oligoamine such as diethylenetriamine in the side chain. Moreover, in order to reduce solvent volume and make the reaction faster, microwave-assisted heating was used. Materials & methods: PHEA copolymers bearing different amounts of diethylenetriamine were prepared using bis(4-nitrophenyl) carbonate as a condensing agent with the use of microwaves. Chemical, physico–chemical and biological characterization of PHEA–diethylenetriamine copolymers and their complexes obtained with DNA were performed. Results: Copolymers showed good DNA complexing and condensing abilities depending on the oligoamine derivatization degree and good hemocompatibility. Moreover, plasmid DNA/copolymer polyplexes showed very good cytocompatibility on B16F10 and N2A cell lines. Conclusion: Results support the use of these copolymers as gene delivery systems in the future. Finally, the use of microwaves makes the proposed synthetic method advantageous as time and solvents are saved.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cavallaro
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Licciardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Scirè
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Giammona
- Dipartimento di Chimica & Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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31
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Hu FQ, Meng P, Dai YQ, Du YZ, You J, Wei XH, Yuan H. PEGylated chitosan-based polymer micelle as an intracellular delivery carrier for anti-tumor targeting therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2008; 70:749-57. [PMID: 18620050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stearic acid-grafted chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO-SA) micelles presented a potential candidate for intracellular drug delivery carrier due to its special spatial structure. In this article, CSO-SA was further modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The physicochemical properties of PEGylated CSO-SA (PEG-CSO-SA) micelles were characterized. After PEGylation, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of PEG-CSO-SA had no significant change; the micelle size increased; and the zeta potential decreased. The cellular uptake of CSO-SA micelles before and after PEGylation in macrophage RAW264.7, immortalized rat liver cells BRL-3A and human liver tumor cells HepG2 was studied. About 58.4+/-0.63% of CSO-SA micelles were uptaked by RAW264.7 in 24h, however, only 17.7+/-0.94% of PEG-CSO-SA micelles were internalized into RAW264.7 after the CSO-SA was modified with PEG in five molar times. Meanwhile, there were no changes in the uptake after PEGylation of CSO-SA in BRL-3A and HepG2. Using mitomycin C as a model drug, the in vitro anti-tumor activities of the drug loaded in the micelles were investigated. The 50% cellular growth inhibition (IC(50)) of the drug decreased from 1.97+/-0.2 to 0.13+/-0.02mug/mL after mitomycin C was loaded into CSO-SA micelles, and the IC(50) value of the drug had no obvious change when the CSO-SA was modified by PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Qiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
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32
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Sun YX, Xiao W, Cheng SX, Zhang XZ, Zhuo RX. Synthesis of (Dex-HMDI)-g-PEIs as effective and low cytotoxic nonviral gene vectors. J Control Release 2008; 128:171-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Revised: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Burke RS, Pun SH. Extracellular barriers to in Vivo PEI and PEGylated PEI polyplex-mediated gene delivery to the liver. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:693-704. [PMID: 18293906 DOI: 10.1021/bc700388u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polyplex-mediated gene therapy is a promising alternative to viral gene therapy. One challenge to these synthetic carriers is reduced transfection efficiencies in vivo compared to those achieved in vitro. Many of the intracellular barriers to gene delivery have been elucidated, but similar quantification of extracellular barriers to gene delivery remains a need. In this study, the unpackaging of polyplexes by serum proteins, soluble glycosaminoglycans, and an extracellular matrix extract was demonstrated by a YOYO-1 fluorescence quenching assay. Additionally, exposing polyplexes to serum or proteoglycans before in vitro transfection caused decreased cellular uptake of DNA. Lastly, PEI polyplexes and PEGylated PEI polyplexes were injected into the portal vein of mice, and the intrahepatic distributions of labeled DNA and polymer were assessed by confocal microscopy. PEI polyplexes delivered DNA to the liver, but extensive vector unpackaging was observed, with PEI primarily colocalized with the extracellular matrix. PEGylated polyplexes mediated less DNA delivery to the liver, possibly due to premature vector unpackaging in the blood. Through this work, both the blood and the extracellular matrix have been determined to be significant extracellular barriers to polyplex-mediated in vivo gene delivery to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob S Burke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 1705 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Charged nanoparticles delivery to the eye using hydrogel iontophoresis. J Control Release 2007; 126:156-61. [PMID: 18201790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ocular iontophoresis has been investigated for many years as a non-invasive technique for enhancing ionized drug penetration through ocular tissues. In this study we assessed the penetration of charged fluorescent nanoparticles into rabbit eyes using hydrogel iontophoresis. Particle distribution into ocular tissues and penetration efficiency of negative nanoparticles compared with positive nanoparticles was also evaluated. Cathodal and anodal iontophoretic administrations were performed using polyacrylic hydrogels loaded with charged nanoparticle suspension (20-45 nm), applying a current intensity of 1.5 mA for 5 min onto the cornea and sclera. At pre-set time points post treatment, eyes were dissected and tissues were evaluated for fluorescence intensity. Strong fluorescence evidence was observed at anterior and posterior ocular tissues. Negative particle distribution profile revealed fast uptake into the outer ocular tissues, within 30 min post treatment, followed by particle migration into the inner tissues up to 12 h post treatment. The positively charged particles demonstrated better penetration abilities into inner ocular tissues compared to the negatively charge particles. This work provides an opening for the development of a new ocular therapeutic pathway using iontophoresis of extended release drug-loaded charged nanoparticles.
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