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Li XL, Fan W, Fan B. Dental pulp regeneration strategies: A review of status quo and recent advances. Bioact Mater 2024; 38:258-275. [PMID: 38745589 PMCID: PMC11090883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms, physical factors such as temperature or mechanical injury, and chemical factors such as free monomers from composite resin are the main causes of dental pulp diseases. Current clinical treatment methods for pulp diseases include the root canal therapy, vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontic therapy. Regenerative endodontic therapy serves the purpose of inducing the regeneration of new functional pulp tissues through autologous revascularization or pulp tissue engineering. This article first discusses the current clinical methods and reviews strategies as well as the research outcomes regarding the pulp regeneration. Then the in vivo models, the prospects and challenges for regenerative endodontic therapy were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lu Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, 430079, Wuhan, China
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2
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Liu Y, Ren L, Li M, Zheng B, Liu Y. The Effects of Hypoxia-Preconditioned Dental Stem Cell-Derived Secretome on Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38613806 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2024.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stroma cells derived from oral tissues are known as dental stem cells (DSCs). Owing to their unique therapeutic niche and clinical accessibility, DSCs serve as a promising treatment option for bone defects and oral tissue regeneration. DSCs exist in a hypoxic microenvironment in vivo, which is far lower than the current 20% oxygen concentration used in in vitro culture. It has been widely reported that the application of an oxygen concentration less than 5% in the culture of DSCs is beneficial for preserving stemness and promoting proliferation, migration, and paracrine activity. The paracrine function of DSCs involves the secretome, which includes conditioned media (CM) and soluble bioactive molecules, as well as extracellular vesicles extracted from CM. Hypoxia can play a role in immunomodulation and angiogenesis by altering the protein or nucleic acid components in the secretory group, which enhances the therapeutic potential of DSCs. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of DSCs, the influence of hypoxia on DSCs, the impact of hypoxia on the secretory group of DSCs, and the latest progress on the use of DSCs secretory group in tissue regeneration based on hypoxia pretreatment. We highlighted the multifunctional biological effect of hypoxia culture on tissue regeneration and provided a summary of the current mechanism of hypoxia in the pretreatment of DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu Y, Xiong W, Li J, Feng H, Jing S, Liu Y, Zhou H, Li D, Fu D, Xu C, He Y, Ye Q. Application of dental pulp stem cells for bone regeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1339573. [PMID: 38487022 PMCID: PMC10938947 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1339573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects resulting from severe trauma, tumors, inflammation, and other factors are increasingly prevalent. Stem cell-based therapies have emerged as a promising alternative. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), sourced from dental pulp, have garnered significant attention owing to their ready accessibility and minimal collection-associated risks. Ongoing investigations into DPSCs have revealed their potential to undergo osteogenic differentiation and their capacity to secrete a diverse array of ontogenetic components, such as extracellular vesicles and cell lysates. This comprehensive review article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of DPSCs and their secretory components, emphasizing extraction techniques and utilization while elucidating the intricate mechanisms governing bone regeneration. Furthermore, we explore the merits and demerits of cell and cell-free therapeutic modalities, as well as discuss the potential prospects, opportunities, and inherent challenges associated with DPSC therapy and cell-free therapies in the context of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixian Feng
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuili Jing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Duan Li
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xu
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Sakatoku S, Hayashi Y, Futenma T, Sugita Y, Ishizaka R, Nawa H, Iohara K. Periostin Is a Candidate Regulator of the Host Microenvironment in Regeneration of Pulp and Dentin Complex and Periodontal Ligament in Transplantation with Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium. Stem Cells Int 2024; 2024:7685280. [PMID: 38435089 PMCID: PMC10907099 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7685280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The microenvironment is required for tissues to maintain their properties in vivo. This microenvironment encompasses the types and three-dimensional arrangement of cells forming the tissues, and their interactions with neighboring cells and extracellular matrices, as represented by the stem cell niche. Tissue regeneration depends not on the original tissue source of the transplanted cells, but on the microenvironment in which they are transplanted. We have previously reported pulp regeneration in a heterotopic root graft model by transplantation of conditioned medium alone, which suggests that host-derived cells expressing receptors for migration factors in conditioned medium migrate into the root canal and cause pulp regeneration. Regenerative medicine is needed to restore the original function of complex tissues. To achieve this, it is necessary to reproduce the changes in the microenvironment of the host tissue that accompany the regenerative response. Therefore, it is important to reproduce the microenvironment in vivo for further development of tissue regeneration therapy. Periostin is also found in the epithelial-mesenchymal junction, with expression sites that differ depending on the mineralized matrix stage, and is involved in regulation of calcification. Methods We investigate whether periostin contributes to microenvironmental changes in regenerated pulp tissue. Dental pulp stem cells were induced into dentin, and gene expression of DSPP, nestin, DMP1, Runx2, and periostin was analyzed by qPCR and protein expression by IHC. Similarly, gene expression was analyzed using qPCR and protein expression using IHC in regenerated dental pulp obtained by ectopic transplantation. Results Since these regenerated tissues were observable on the same slice, it was possible to understand changes in the microenvironment within the tissues. Conclusions Periostin promoted proliferation of pulp stem cells, migration in type I collagen, and calcification in regenerated pulp, which strongly suggests that periostin is a promising candidate as a factor that contributes to the microenvironment of regenerated pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintarou Sakatoku
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Suemoridouri 2-11, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Hayashi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Suemoridouri 2-11, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taku Futenma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Suemoridouri 2-11, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sugita
- Department of Oral Pathology and Forensic Odontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishizaka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Suemoridouri 2-11, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nawa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Suemoridouri 2-11, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koichiro Iohara
- Department of Dental Regenerative Medicine, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Morioka 7-430, Obu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
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Mantesso A, Nör JE. Stem cells in clinical dentistry. J Am Dent Assoc 2023; 154:1048-1057. [PMID: 37804275 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells are present in most of the tissues in the craniofacial complex and play a major role in tissue homeostasis and repair. These cells are characterized by their capacity to differentiate into multiple cell types and to self-renew to maintain a stem cell pool throughout the life of the tissue. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors discuss original data from experiments and comparative analyses and review articles describing the identification and characterization of stem cells of the oral cavity. RESULTS Every oral tissue except enamel, dentin, and cementum contains stem cells for the entire life span. These stem cells self-renew to maintain a pool of cells that can be activated to replace terminally differentiated cells (for example, odontoblasts) or to enable wound healing (for example, dentin bridge in pulp exposures and healing of periodontal tissues after surgery). In addition, dental stem cells can differentiate into functional blood vessels and nerves. Initial clinical trials have shown that transplanting dental pulp stem cells into disinfected necrotic teeth has allowed for the recovery of tooth vitality and vertical and horizontal root growth in immature teeth with incomplete root formation. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS As a consequence of these groundbreaking discoveries, stem cell banks are now offering services for the cryopreservation of dental stem cells. The future use of stem cell-based therapies in the clinic will depend on the collaboration of clinicians and researchers in projects designed to understand whether these treatments are safe, efficacious, and clinically feasible.
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Shekatkar M, Kheur S, Deshpande S, Sanap A, Kharat A, Navalakha S, Gupta A, Kheur M, Bhonde R, Merchant YP. Angiogenic Potential of Various Oral Cavity-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cell-Derived Secretome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Dent 2023. [PMID: 37995732 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests the immense potential of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) secretome conditioned medium-mediated augmentation of angiogenesis. However, angiogenesis potential varies from source and origin. The hMSCs derived from the oral cavity share an exceptional quality due to their origin from a hypoxic environment. Our systematic review aimed to compare the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from various oral cavity sources and cell-derived secretomes, and evaluate their angiogenic potential. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus from January 2000 to September 2020. Source-wise outcomes were systematically analyzed using in vitro, in vivo, and in ovo studies, emphasizing endothelial cell migration, tube formation, and blood vessel formation. Ninety-four studies were included in the systematic review, out of which 4 studies were subsequently included in the meta-analysis. Prominent growth factors and other bioactive components implicated in improving angiogenesis were included in the respective studies. The findings suggest that oral tissues are a rich source of hMSCs. The meta-analysis revealed a positive correlation between dental pulp-derived MSCs (DPMSCs) and stem cells derived from apical papilla (SCAP) compared to human umbilical cord-derived endothelial cell lines as a control. It shows a statistically significant positive correlation between the co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and DPMSCs with tubule length formation and total branching points. Our meta-analysis revealed that oral-derived MSCs (dental pulp stem cells and SCAP) carry a better angiogenic potential in vitro than endothelial cell lines alone. The reviewed literature illustrates that oral cavity-derived MSCs (OC-MSCs) increased angiogenesis. The present literature reveals a dearth of investigations involving sources other than dental pulp. Even though OC-MSCs have revealed more significant potential than other MSCs, more comprehensive, target-oriented interinstitutional prospective studies are warranted to determine whether oral cavity-derived stem cells are the most excellent sources of significant angiogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Shekatkar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Supriya Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Shantanu Deshpande
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Avinash Sanap
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Avinash Kharat
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Shivani Navalakha
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Mohit Kheur
- Department of Prosthodontics, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India
| | | | - Yash P Merchant
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College, and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
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Deszcz I. Stem Cell-Based Therapy and Cell-Free Therapy as an Alternative Approach for Cardiac Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:2729377. [PMID: 37954462 PMCID: PMC10635745 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2729377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization reports that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent 32% of all global deaths. The ineffectiveness of conventional therapies in CVDs encourages the development of novel, minimally invasive therapeutic strategies for the healing and regeneration of damaged tissue. The self-renewal capacity, multilineage differentiation, lack of immunogenicity, and immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them a promising option for CVDs. However, growing evidence suggests that myocardial regeneration occurs through paracrine factors and extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion, rather than through differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Research shows that stem cells secrete or surface-shed into their culture media various cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and EVs, which constitute an MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) or the secretome. The use of MSC-CM enhances cardiac repair through resident heart cell differentiation, proliferation, scar mass reduction, a decrease in infarct wall thickness, and cardiac function improvement comparable to MSCs without their side effects. This review highlights the limitations and benefits of therapies based on stem cells and their secretome as an innovative treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Deszcz
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
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Xing WB, Wu ST, Wang XX, Li FY, Wang RX, He JH, Fu J, He Y. Potential of dental pulp stem cells and their products in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration and their future applications. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:960-978. [PMID: 37970238 PMCID: PMC10631371 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i10.960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) seriously affects people's quality of life. Stem cell therapy is considered a promising new option for the clinical treatment of PNI. Dental stem cells, particularly dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), are adult pluripotent stem cells derived from the neuroectoderm. DPSCs have significant potential in the field of neural tissue engineering due to their numerous advantages, such as easy isolation, multidifferentiation potential, low immunogenicity, and low transplant rejection rate. DPSCs are extensively used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including for the treatment of sciatic nerve injury, facial nerve injury, spinal cord injury, and other neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews research related to DPSCs and their advantages in treating PNI, aiming to summarize the therapeutic potential of DPSCs for PNI and the underlying mechanisms and providing valuable guidance and a foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Xing
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shu-Ting Wu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fen-Yao Li
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ruo-Xuan Wang
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ji-Hui He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao Fu
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- First Clinical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Stomatology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China.
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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EzEldeen M, Moroni L, Nejad ZM, Jacobs R, Mota C. Biofabrication of engineered dento-alveolar tissue. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213371. [PMID: 36931083 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Oral health is essential for a good overall health. Dento-alveolar conditions have a high prevalence, ranging from tooth decay periodontitis to alveolar bone resorption. However, oral tissues exhibit a limited regenerative capacity, and full recovery is challenging. Therefore, regenerative therapies for dento-alveolar tissue (e.g., alveolar bone, periodontal membrane, dentin-pulp complex) have gained much attention, and novel approaches have been proposed in recent decades. This review focuses on the cells, biomaterials and the biofabrication methods used to develop therapies for tooth root bioengineering. Examples of the techniques covered are the multitude of additive manufacturing techniques and bioprinting approaches used to create scaffolds or tissue constructs. Furthermore, biomaterials and stem cells utilized during biofabrication will also be described for different target tissues. As these new therapies gradually become a reality in the lab, the translation to the clinic is still minute, with a further need to overcome multiple challenges and broaden the clinical application of these alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa EzEldeen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Paediatric Dentistry and Special Dental Care, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zohre Mousavi Nejad
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Nanotechnology and Advance Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box: 31787-316, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 33, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carlos Mota
- Institute for Technology-inspired Regenerative Medicine, Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Rathinam E, Rajasekharan S, Declercq H, Vanhove C, De Coster P, Martens L. Effect of Intracoronal Sealing Biomaterials on the Histological Outcome of Endodontic Revitalisation in Immature Sheep Teeth-A Pilot Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040214. [PMID: 37103304 PMCID: PMC10144940 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of intracoronal sealing biomaterials on the newly formed regenerative tissue after endodontic revitalisation therapy remains unexplored. The objective of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles of two different tricalcium silicate-based biomaterials alongside the histological outcomes of endodontic revitalisation therapy in immature sheep teeth. The messenger RNA expression of TGF-β, BMP2, BGLAP, VEGFA, WNT5A, MMP1, TNF-α and SMAD6 was evaluated after 1 day with qRT-PCR. For evaluation of histological outcomes, revitalisation therapy was performed using Biodentine (n = 4) or ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) (n = 4) in immature sheep according to the European Society of Endodontology position statement. After 6 months' follow-up, one tooth in the Biodentine group was lost to avulsion. Histologically, extent of inflammation, presence or absence of tissue with cellularity and vascularity inside the pulp space, area of tissue with cellularity and vascularity, length of odontoblast lining attached to the dentinal wall, number and area of blood vessels and area of empty root canal space were measured by two independent investigators. All continuous data were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Biodentine and ProRoot WMTA upregulated the genes responsible for odontoblast differentiation, mineralisation and angiogenesis. Biodentine induced the formation of a significantly larger area of neoformed tissue with cellularity, vascularity and increased length of odontoblast lining attached to the dentinal walls compared to ProRoot WMTA (p < 0.05), but future studies with larger sample size and adequate power as estimated by the results of this pilot study would confirm the effect of intracoronal sealing biomaterials on the histological outcome of endodontic revitalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elanagai Rathinam
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sivaprakash Rajasekharan
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heidi Declercq
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- Medical Imaging & Signal Processing, Infinity Laboratory, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter De Coster
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Oral Biology, Dental School, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Martens
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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12
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DPSCs Protect Architectural Integrity and Alleviate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Regulating Nucleus Pulposus Immune Status. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7590337. [PMID: 36299466 PMCID: PMC9590116 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7590337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is the primary cause for low back pain that has a high prevalence in modern society and poses enormous economic burden on patients. Few effective therapeutic strategies are available for IVD degeneration treatment. To understand the biological effects of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, we carried out RNA sequencing, bioinformatic analysis which unveiled gene expression differences, and pathway variation in primarily isolated patients' NP cells after treatment with DPSCs supernatant. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to verify these molecular alterations. Besides, to evaluate the therapeutic effect of DPSCs in IVD degeneration treatment, DPSCs were injected into a degeneration rat model in situ, with treatment outcome measured by micro-CT and histological analysis. RNA sequencing and in vitro experiments demonstrated that DPSCs supernatant could downregulate NP cells' inflammation-related NF-κB and JAK-STAT pathways, reduce IL-6 production, increase collagen II expression, and mitigate apoptosis. In vivo results showed that DPSCs treatment protected the integrity of the disc structure, alleviated extracellular matrix degradation, and increased collagen fiber expression. In this study, we verified the therapeutic effect of DPSCs in an IVD degeneration rat model and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism of DPSCs treatment, which provides a foundation for the application of DPSCs in IVD degeneration treatment.
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13
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Xiong W, Liu Y, Zhou H, Jing S, He Y, Ye Q. Alzheimer’s disease: Pathophysiology and dental pulp stem cells therapeutic prospects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:999024. [PMID: 36187488 PMCID: PMC9520621 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.999024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a destructive neurodegenerative disease with the progressive dysfunction, structural disorders and decreased numbers of neurons in the brain, which leads to long-term memory impairment and cognitive decline. There is a growing consensus that the development of AD has several molecular mechanisms similar to those of other neurodegenerative diseases, including excessive accumulation of misfolded proteins and neurotoxic substances produced by hyperactivated microglia. Nonetheless, there is currently a lack of effective drug candidates to delay or prevent the progression of the disease. Based on the excellent regenerative and reparative capabilities of stem cells, the application of them to repair or replace injured neurons carries enormous promise. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), originated from ectomesenchyme of the cranial neural crest, hold a remarkable potential for neuronal differentiation, and additionally express a variety of neurotrophic factors that contribute to a protective effect on injured neuronal cells. Notably, DPSCs can also express immunoregulatory factors to control neuroinflammation and potentiate the regeneration and recovery of injured neurons. These extraordinary features along with accessibility make DPSCs an attractive source of postnatal stem cells for the regeneration of neurons or protection of existing neural circuitry in the neurodegenerative diseases. The present reviews the latest research advance in the pathophysiology of AD and elaborate the neurodifferentiation and neuroprotective properties of DPSCs as well as their application prospects in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuili Jing
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan He
- Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsong Ye, ; Yan He,
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsong Ye, ; Yan He,
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14
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Oishi T, Ito M, Koizumi S, Horikawa M, Yamamoto T, Yamagishi S, Yamasaki T, Sameshima T, Suzuki T, Sugimura H, Namba H, Kurozumi K. Efficacy of HSV-TK/GCV system suicide gene therapy using SHED expressing modified HSV-TK against lung cancer brain metastases. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2022; 26:253-265. [PMID: 35892087 PMCID: PMC9307584 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers, and the number of patients with intracranial metastases is increasing. Previously, we developed an enzyme prodrug suicide gene therapy based on the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK)/ganciclovir (GCV) system using various mesenchymal stem cells to induce apoptosis in malignant gliomas through bystander killing effects. Here, we describe stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) as gene vehicles of the TK/GCV system against a brain metastasis model of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We introduced the A168H mutant TK (TKA168H) into SHED to establish the therapeutic cells because of the latent toxicity of wild type. SHED expressing TKA168H (SHED-TK) exhibited chemotaxis to the conditioned medium of NSCLC and migrated toward implanted NSCLC in vivo. SHED-TK demonstrated a strong bystander effect in vitro and in vivo and completely eradicated H1299 NSCLC in the brain. SHED-TK cells implanted intratumorally followed by GCV administration significantly suppressed the growth of H1299 and improved survival time. These results indicate that the TKA168H variant is suitable for establishing therapeutic cells and that intratumoral injection of SHED-TK followed by GCV administration may be a useful strategy for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Oishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ito
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Koizumi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Makoto Horikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Taisuke Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamagishi
- Department of Organ and Tissue Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.,Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Sameshima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Suzuki
- Department of Virology and Parasitology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroki Namba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Enshu Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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15
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Ziauddin SM, Nakashima M, Watanabe H, Tominaga M, Iohara K. Biological characteristics and pulp regeneration potential of stem cells from canine deciduous teeth compared with those of permanent teeth. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:439. [PMID: 36056397 PMCID: PMC9438285 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have demonstrated that dental pulp stem cells isolated from permanent teeth (PT-DPSCs) are safe and efficacious for complete pulp regeneration in mature pulpectomized permanent teeth with complete apical closure. Moreover, dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth (DT-DPSCs) have also been shown to be useful for pulp regenerative cell therapy of injured immature permanent teeth. However, direct comparisons of the pulp regenerative potential of DT-DPSCs and PT-DPSCs from the same individual have not been performed. This study aimed to compare the differences in stem cell properties and pulp regenerative potential of DT-DPSCs and PT-DPSCs of identical origin. METHODS DT-DPSCs and PT-DPSCs were isolated from the same individual dogs at 4 months and 9 months of age, respectively. The expression of cell surface antigen markers, proliferation and migration activities, and gene expression of stem cell markers, angiogenic/neurotrophic factors and senescence markers were compared. The effects of conditioned medium (CM) derived from these cells on cellular proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, neurite outgrowth and immunosuppression were also compared. Autologous transplantation of DT-DPSCs or PT-DPSCs together with G-CSF was performed to treat pulpectomized teeth in individual dogs. The vascularization and reinnervation of the regenerated pulp tissues were qualitatively and quantitatively compared between groups by histomorphometric analyses. RESULTS The rates of positive CXCR4 and G-CSFR expression in DT-DPSCs were significantly higher than those in PT-DPSCs. DT-DPSCs migrated at a higher rate with/without G-CSF and exhibited increased expression of the stem cell markers Oct3/4 and CXCR4 and the angiogenic factor VEGF and decreased expression of the senescence marker p16 than PT-DPSCs. DT-DPSC-derived CM promoted increased cell proliferation, migration with G-CSF, and angiogenesis compared with PT-DPSC-derived CM; however, no difference was observed in neurite outgrowth or immunosuppression. The regenerated pulp tissues in the pulpectomized teeth were quantitatively and qualitatively similar between the DT-DPSCs and PT-DPSCs transplant groups. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that DT-DPSCs could be a potential clinical alternative to PT-DPSCs for pulp regenerative therapy. DT-DPSCs can be preserved in an individual cell bank and used for potential future pulp regenerative therapy before the supply of an individual's own sound discarded teeth has been exhausted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ziauddin
- Regenerative Dental Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Geroscience Research Center, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.,Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Nagasaki University Graduate, School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Misako Nakashima
- Regenerative Dental Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Geroscience Research Center, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.,Aeras Bio Inc., Air Water Group, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-047, Japan
| | - Hideto Watanabe
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Michiyo Tominaga
- Regenerative Dental Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Geroscience Research Center, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Koichiro Iohara
- Regenerative Dental Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Geroscience Research Center, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
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16
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Guo J, Zhou F, Liu Z, Cao Y, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Zhai Q, Jin Y, Li B, Jin F. Exosome‐shuttled mitochondrial transcription factor A mRNA promotes the osteogenesis of dental pulp stem cells through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activation. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13324. [DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wanming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zheru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Qiming Zhai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Bei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Fang Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Center for Tissue Engineering, School of Stomatology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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17
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Iranmanesh P, Torabinejad M, Saatchi M, Toghraie D, Razavi SM, Khademi A. Effect of Duration of Root Canal Infection on the Ability of Dentin-Pulp Complex Regeneration of Immature Permanent Teeth: An Animal Study. J Endod 2022; 48:1301-1307.e2. [PMID: 35933045 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent infection is always considered the most important reason for the failure of dentin-pulp complex regeneration. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of the duration of root canal infection (from one to twelve weeks) on the ability of dentin-pulp complex regeneration. METHODS In this animal study, 64 roots of immature premolar teeth of four dogs were randomly divided into four groups. Positive control group; eight root canals treated with regenerative endodontic procedure (REP), negative control group; 12 infected root canals, intervention groups; 36 root canals infected with supragingival plaque (one, three, six, and 12 weeks) and treated with REP, an additional positive control group; eight normal roots. After three months, the teeth were investigated by radiographic images and immunohistochemical staining (CD31, CD34, S100 markers). In addition, DSPP gene expression was assessed using a real-time PCR technique. The results were analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Based on radiological evaluation among the intervention groups, the highest root canal development (length and width) occurred in the intervention group of one week, and the lowest radiological results were in the intervention groups of six and 12 weeks (One-way ANOVA, P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of CD31, CD34, S100 and, DSPP expression percentage (One-way ANOVA, P <0.05), in which the highest and lowest expression percentages belonged to the one- and 12 weeks groups, respectively, among the intervention groups. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that long root canal infection decreased the ability of the body to regenerate dentin-pulp complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Iranmanesh
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Saatchi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Davood Toghraie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran.
| | - Sayed Mohammad Razavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Dental Implants Research Center, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Khademi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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18
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Chouaib B, Cuisinier F, Collart-Dutilleul PY. Dental stem cell-conditioned medium for tissue regeneration: Optimization of production and storage. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:287-302. [PMID: 35662860 PMCID: PMC9136565 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) effects on tissue regeneration are mainly mediated by their secreted substances (secretome), inducing their paracrine activity. This Conditioned medium (CM), including soluble factors (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids) and extracellular vesicles is emerging as a potential alternative to cell therapy. However, the manufacturing of CM suffers from variable procedures and protocols leading to varying results between studies. Besides, there is no well-defined optimized procedure targeting specific applications in regenerative medicine.
AIM To focus on conditioned medium produced from dental MSC (DMSC-CM), we reviewed the current parameters and manufacturing protocols, in order to propose a standardization and optimization of these manufacturing procedures.
METHODS We have selected all publications investigating the effects of dental MSC secretome in in vitro and in vivo models of tissue regeneration, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS A total of 351 results were identified. And based on the inclusion criteria described above, 118 unique articles were included in the systematic review. DMSC-CM production was considered at three stages: before CM recovery (cell sources for CM), during CM production (culture conditions) and after production (CM treatment).
CONCLUSION No clear consensus could be recovered as evidence-based methods, but we were able to describe the most commonly used protocols: donors under 30 years of age, dental pulp stem cells and exfoliated deciduous tooth stem cells with cell passage between 1 and 5, at a confluence of 70% to 80%. CM were often collected during 48 h, and stored at -80 °C. It is important to point out that the preconditioning environment had a significant impact on DMSC-CM content and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Chouaib
- Laboratory Bioengineering and Nanosciences UR_UM104, University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34000, France
| | - Frédéric Cuisinier
- Laboratory Bioengineering and Nanosciences UR_UM104, University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34000, France
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19
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Irfan M, Kim JH, Druzinsky RE, Ravindran S, Chung S. Complement C5aR/LPS-induced BDNF and NGF modulation in human dental pulp stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2042. [PMID: 35132159 PMCID: PMC8821590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06110-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells with the ability to differentiate into a variety of cells and secrete nerve regeneration factors have become an emerging option in nerve regeneration. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) appear to be a good candidate for nerve regeneration given their accessibility, neural crest origin, and neural repair qualities. We have recently demonstrated that the complement C5a system, which is an important mediator of inflammation and tissue regeneration, is activated by lipoteichoic acid-treated pulp fibroblasts, and governs the production of brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF). This BDNF secretion promotes neurite outgrowth towards the injury site. Here, we extend our observation to DPSCs and compare their neurogenic ability to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) under inflammatory stimulation. Our ELISA and immunostaining data demonstrate that blocking the C5a receptor (C5aR) reduced BDNF production in DPSCs, while treatment with C5aR agonist increased the BDNF expression, which suggests that C5aR has a positive regulatory role in the BDNF modulation of DPSCs. Inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment potentiated this effect and is C5aR dependent. Most important, DPSCs produced significantly higher levels of C5aR-mediated BDNF compared to BM-MSCs. Taken together, our data reveal novel roles for C5aR and inflammation in modulation of BDNF and NGF in DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Robert E Druzinsky
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Seung Chung
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, 801 S. Paulina St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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20
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Redenski I, Guo S, Machour M, Szklanny A, Landau S, Egozi D, Gabet Y, Levenberg S. Microcomputed Tomography-Based Analysis of Neovascularization within Bioengineered Vascularized Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:232-241. [PMID: 34905338 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, evaluating newly formed vascular networks is considered a fundamental step in deciphering the processes underlying tissue development. Several common modalities exist to study vessel network formation and function. However, a proper methodology that allows through three-dimensional visualization of neovessels in a reproducible manner is required. Here, we describe in-depth exploration, visualization, and analysis of vessels within newly formed tissues by utilizing a contrast agent perfusion protocol and high-resolution microcomputed tomography. Bioengineered constructs consisting of porous, biocompatible, and biodegradable scaffolds are loaded with cocultures of adipose-derived microvascular endothelial cells (HAMECs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and implanted in a rat femoral bundle model. After 14 days of in vivo maturation, we performed the optimized perfusion protocol to allow host penetrating vascular visualization and assessment within neotissues. Following high-resolution microCT scanning of DPSC:HAMEC explants, we performed the volumetric and spatial analysis of neovasculature. Eventually, the process was repeated with a previously published coculture system for prevascularization based on adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and HAMECs. Overall, our approach allows a comprehensive understanding of vessel organization during engraftment and development of neotissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idan Redenski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shaowei Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Majd Machour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ariel Szklanny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shira Landau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Dana Egozi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shulamit Levenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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21
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Gugliandolo A, Mazzon E. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: An Intriguing Approach for Neuroprotection and Neuroregeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010456. [PMID: 35008878 PMCID: PMC8745761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their beneficial effects and regenerative potential. In particular, dental-derived MSCs have the advantage of easier accessibility and a non-invasive isolation method. Moreover, thanks to their neural crest origin, dental MSCs seem to have a more prominent neuroregenerative potential. Indeed, in basal conditions they also express neuronal markers. However, it is now well known that the beneficial actions of MSCs depend, at least in part, on their secretome, referring to all the bioactive molecules released in the conditioned medium (CM) or in extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review we focus on the applications of the secretome derived from dental MSCs for neuroregeneration and neuroprotection. The secretomes of different dental MSCs have been tested for their effects for neuroregenerative purposes, and the secretomes of dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth are the most studied. Both the CM and EVs obtained from dental MSCs showed that they are able to promote neurite outgrowth and neuroprotective effects. Interestingly, dental-derived MSC secretome showed stronger neuroregenerative and neuroprotective effects compared to that obtained from other MSC sources. For these reasons, the secretome obtained from dental MSCs may represent a promising approach for neuroprotective treatments.
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22
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Age of the donor affects the nature of in vitro cultured human dental pulp stem cells. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:524-532. [PMID: 34803296 PMCID: PMC8589584 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) of six donors (three young donors aged < 19 years and three adult donors aged > 25 and < 30 years) were characterized for their stem cell marker expression and differentiation potential to study the effect of donor age on DPSCs in vitro. Methods DPSCs were cultured in αMEM supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum (conventional conditions) or on fibronectin-coated flasks with neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, bFGF and EGF (alternative conditions). DPSCs were characterized by immunofluorescence staining to detect the neural crest/mesenchymal stem cells markers P75 and CD146, respectively. The differentiation potential was tested by the induction of DPSCs into osteogenic, adipogenic and glial lineages and then by detecting the corresponding markers osteocalcin, lipidtox and S100ß, respectively. Results The DPSCs of the young donors expressed CD146 only under the conventional conditions and expressed P75 regardless of the culture conditions. However, the DPSCs of adult donors expressed CD146 only under the alternative conditions and expressed P75 only under conventional conditions. Only the DPSCs of the young donors differentiated into the glial linage. The DPSCs of the adult donors differentiated more efficiently into the adipogenic linage. Osteogenic differentiation was comparable. Conclusion Donor age affects the expression of stem cell markers and differentiation potential of DPSCs. Moreover, the effect of culture conditions on DPSCs is age dependent.
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Mantesso A, Zhang Z, Warner KA, Herzog AE, Pulianmackal AJ, Nör JE. Pulpbow: A Method to Study the Vasculogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Dental Pulp. Cells 2021; 10:2804. [PMID: 34831027 PMCID: PMC8616523 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) form blood vessels is critical for creating mechanism-based approaches for the therapeutic use of these cells. In addition, understanding the determinants and factors involved in lineage hierarchy is fundamental to creating accurate and reliable techniques for the study of stem cells in tissue engineering and repair. Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSC) from permanent teeth and Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED) are particularly interesting sources for tissue engineering as they are easily accessible and expandable. Previously, we have shown that DPSCs and SHEDs can differentiate into endothelial cells and form functional blood vessels through vasculogenesis. Here, we described how we created the "pulpbow" (pulp + rainbow), a multicolor tag experimental model that is stable, permanent, unique to each cell and passed through generations. We used the pulpbow to understand how dental pulp stem cells contributed to blood vessel formation in 3D models in in vitro and ex vivo live cell tracking, and in vivo transplantation assays. Simultaneous tracking of cells during sprout formation revealed that no single multicolor-tagged cell was more prone to vasculogenesis. During this process, there was intense cell motility with minimal proliferation in early time points. In later stages, when the availability of undifferentiated cells around the forming sprout decreased, there was local clonal proliferation mediated by proximity. These results unveiled that the vasculogenesis process mediated by dental pulp stem cells is dynamic and proximity to the sprouting area is critical for cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mantesso
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.); (A.E.H.)
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.); (A.E.H.)
| | - Kristy A. Warner
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.); (A.E.H.)
| | - Alexandra E. Herzog
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.); (A.E.H.)
| | - Ajai J. Pulianmackal
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan College of Literature, Science and the Arts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Jacques E. Nör
- Angiogenesis Research Laboratory, Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (A.M.); (Z.Z.); (K.A.W.); (A.E.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan College of Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Redenski I, Guo S, Machour M, Szklanny A, Landau S, Kaplan B, Lock RI, Gabet Y, Egozi D, Vunjak‐Novakovic G, Levenberg S. Engineered Vascularized Flaps, Composed of Polymeric Soft Tissue and Live Bone, Repair Complex Tibial Defects. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2008687. [DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202008687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Idan Redenski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Shaowei Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
- The First Affiliated Hospital Shantou University Medical College Shantou 515000 China
| | - Majd Machour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Ariel Szklanny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Shira Landau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Ben Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Roberta I. Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10032 USA
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Dana Egozi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Kaplan Hospital Rehovot and the Hebrew University Jerusalem 7661041 Israel
| | | | - Shulamit Levenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
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Bousnaki M, Bakopoulou A, Pich A, Papachristou E, Kritis A, Koidis P. Mapping the Secretome of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Under Variable Microenvironmental Conditions. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1372-1407. [PMID: 34553309 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is substantial evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) through direct cell transplantation or paracrine action. However, DPSC secretome profile remains inadequately studied. This study provides proteomic profiling of the human DPSC secretome by comparatively analysising cell lysates and respective culture supernatants (i.e. conditioned media-CM) under variable oxygen tension conditions (normoxia-20% O2/CM_Norm vs. hypoxia 2% O2/CM_Hyp) and/or stimulation with Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α). DPSC-CM samples and respective crude lysates (DPSC-CL) were collected and subjected to SDS-PAGE, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The identified proteins were analyzed by Gene Ontology, Reactome, and String databases. The anti-inflammatory properties of DPSC-CMs were validated via an in vitro RAW_246.7 murine macrophages model through evaluation of the expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory markers by real-time PCR. Results showed a total of 2413 proteins identified in CM_Norm, 2479 in CM_Norm+TNF-α, 1642 in CM_Hyp, and 2002 in CM_Hyp + TNF-α samples. CM_Norm contained 122 proteins statistically significantly upregulated compared to the CM_Hyp and involved in pathways related to "ECM organization", "cellular response to hypoxia", and "IL signaling". Functional network analysis showed that TGFβ1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 were key nodes among proteins significantly upregulated in the CM_Norm compared to the CM_Hyp, interacting with more than 10 proteins, each. DPSC-CM application in the in vitro RAW_246.7 model decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, MCP-1), while increasing anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10). Overall, DPSC-CM collected under normoxic conditions is enriched with anti-inflammatory, tissue repair and regenerative factors, which prompts further investigation on its therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bousnaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - A Pich
- Research Core Unit Proteomics & Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Papachristou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Kritis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P Koidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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26
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Jin L, Gao F, Zhang L, Wang C, Hu L, Fan Z, Xia D. Pleiotropin enhances the osteo/dentinogenic differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:495-507. [PMID: 32580608 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1779238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a heparin-binding growth-associated molecule and expressed in ameloblasts and odontoblasts throughout tooth maturation. Our previous study has shown that PTN expressed more than 20-fold higher in dental tissue than dental stem cells. However, the role of PTN on proliferation and osteo/dentinogenesis of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of PTN on the DPSCs' function.Methods: DPSCs were isolated from human third molars. Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) was used to knock down the PTN expression in DPSCs. Real-time RT-PCR, alizarin red staining, quantitative calcium analysis, in vivo transplantation and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay were used to study the function of DPSCs. Possible mechanism was studied by RNA sequencing.Results: After PTN depletion, ALP activity and mineralization ability of DPSCs decreased. Expression of DMP-1 and BSP weakened. Proliferation of DPSCs at 48 h and 72 h was inhibited. Furthermore, 50 pg/mL PTN recombinant protein rescued the impaired osteo/dentinogenic differentiation potential and proliferation ability caused by PTN depletion. In addition, RNA sequencing showed 221 genes were downregulated and 233 genes upregulated in PTN depleted DPSCs. Several genes including BMP2 and IGFBP5 might be associated with PTN function on the DPSCs. P53 and the AMPK signaling pathways were involved. LncRNA analysis displayed 47 significantly upregulated lncRNA and 31 downregulated lncRNA comparing PTN depleted DPSCs with the control.Conclusion: Our research demonstrated that PTN has a positive role in maintaining DPSCs proliferation and osteo/dentinogenic differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyuan Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cells Therapy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dengsheng Xia
- Department of General Dentistry and Integrated Emergency Dental Care, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Saharkhiz M, Razavi FE, Riahi SM, Ayadilord M, Rostami Z, Naseri M. An In Vitro Study of the Effects of Crocin on the Modulation of DSPP, VEGF-A, HLA-G5, STAT3 and CD200 Expression in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Cell Reprogram 2021; 23:239-249. [PMID: 34348036 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2021.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have been recommended as promising candidate for cell-based therapeutic applications due to high potentials in tissue repair/regeneration and modulation of immune responses. The gene expression change strategy by natural plant enhancers is an available opportunity to improve the stemness properties of these cells. The objective of this research was the evaluation of Crocin effects (saffron plant's bioactive compound) on immunoregulation and tissue regeneration-related biomarkers expression in human DPSCs. Based on the results of cell viability assay, application of 400 μM and lower concentrations of Crocin had no toxic effects on DPSCs; however, the time-dependent cytotoxic effects were observed at higher concentrations. This study, probably for the first time, detected the surface expression of CD200 in DPSCs with a slight time-dependent upward trend and reported that treatment with Crocin could increase expression of this macromolecule up to many times over. Also, it revealed that this carotenoid significantly led to the time-dependent upregulation of dentin sialophosphoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor A, human leukocyte antigen-G5, and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs); however, this significant upregulation for STAT3 occurred, followed by a remarkable reduction. The results of this study indicated that cell treatment with Crocin may be effective in improving the stemness capacities of DPSCs. Therefore, the study provided basis for more insights into the biological effects of Crocin on DPSCs that it may aid in the future improvement of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoore Saharkhiz
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fariba Emadian Razavi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Riahi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Malaksima Ayadilord
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zeinab Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Shiu ST, Lee WF, Chen SM, Hao LT, Hung YT, Lai PC, Feng SW. Effect of Different Bone Grafting Materials and Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Bone Regeneration: A Micro-Computed Tomography and Histomorphometric Study in a Rabbit Calvarial Defect Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158101. [PMID: 34360864 PMCID: PMC8347101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the new bone formation potential of micro-macro biphasic calcium phosphate (MBCP) and Bio-Oss grafting materials with and without dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a rabbit calvarial bone defect model. The surface structure of the grafting materials was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The multipotent differentiation characteristics of the DPSCs and BMSCs were assessed. Four circular bone defects were created in the calvarium of 24 rabbits and randomly allocated to eight experimental groups: empty control, MBCP, MBCP+DPSCs, MBCP+BMSCs, Bio-Oss+DPSCs, Bio-Oss+BMSCs, and autogenous bone. A three-dimensional analysis of the new bone formation was performed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and a histological study after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of healing. Homogenously porous structures were observed in both grafting materials. The BMSCs revealed higher osteogenic differentiation capacities, whereas the DPSCs exhibited higher colony-forming units. The micro-CT and histological analysis findings for the new bone formation were consistent. In general, the empty control showed the lowest bone regeneration capacity throughout the experimental period. By contrast, the percentage of new bone formation was the highest in the autogenous bone group after 2 (39.4% ± 4.7%) and 4 weeks (49.7% ± 1.5%) of healing (p < 0.05). MBCP and Bio-Oss could provide osteoconductive support and prevent the collapse of the defect space for new bone formation. In addition, more osteoblastic cells lining the surface of the newly formed bone and bone grafting materials were observed after incorporating the DPSCs and BMSCs. After 8 weeks of healing, the autogenous bone group (54.9% ± 6.1%) showed a higher percentage of new bone formation than the empty control (35.3% ± 0.5%), MBCP (38.3% ± 6.0%), MBCP+DPSC (39.8% ± 5.7%), Bio-Oss (41.3% ± 3.5%), and Bio-Oss+DPSC (42.1% ± 2.7%) groups. Nevertheless, the percentage of new bone formation did not significantly differ between the MBCP+BMSC (47.2% ± 8.3%) and Bio-Oss+BMSC (51.2% ± 9.9%) groups and the autogenous bone group. Our study results demonstrated that autogenous bone is the gold standard. Both the DPSCs and BMSCs enhanced the osteoconductive capacities of MBCP and Bio-Oss. In addition, the efficiency of the BMSCs combined with MBCP and Bio-Oss was comparable to that of the autogenous bone after 8 weeks of healing. These findings provide effective strategies for the improvement of biomaterials and MSC-based bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiau-Ting Shiu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (S.-M.C.); (L.-T.H.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Dentistry, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fang Lee
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Sheng-Min Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (S.-M.C.); (L.-T.H.); (Y.-T.H.)
| | - Liu-Ting Hao
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (S.-M.C.); (L.-T.H.); (Y.-T.H.)
| | - Yuan-Ting Hung
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (S.-M.C.); (L.-T.H.); (Y.-T.H.)
| | - Pin-Chuang Lai
- Department of Diagnosis and Oral Health, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-T.S.); (S.-M.C.); (L.-T.H.); (Y.-T.H.)
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Prosthodontics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 5107); Fax: +886-2-27362295
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Sevari SP, Ansari S, Moshaverinia A. A narrative overview of utilizing biomaterials to recapitulate the salient regenerative features of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:22. [PMID: 34193832 PMCID: PMC8245503 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches have emerged recently to circumvent many limitations associated with current clinical practices. This elegant approach utilizes a natural/synthetic biomaterial with optimized physiomechanical properties to serve as a vehicle for delivery of exogenous stem cells and bioactive factors or induce local recruitment of endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration. Inspired by the natural microenvironment, biomaterials could act as a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) structure to help the cells establish their natural interactions. Such a strategy should not only employ a biocompatible biomaterial to induce new tissue formation but also benefit from an easily accessible and abundant source of stem cells with potent tissue regenerative potential. The human teeth and oral cavity harbor various populations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing and multilineage differentiation capabilities. In the current review article, we seek to highlight recent progress and future opportunities in dental MSC-mediated therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration using two possible approaches, cell transplantation and cell homing. Altogether, this paper develops a general picture of current innovative strategies to employ dental-derived MSCs combined with biomaterials and bioactive factors for regenerating the lost or defective tissues and offers information regarding the available scientific data and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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30
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Sharma Y, Shobha K, Sundeep M, Pinnelli VB, Parveen S, Dhanushkodi A. Neural Basis of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and its Potential Application in Parkinson's disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 21:62-76. [PMID: 33719979 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210311122921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Though significant insights into the molecular-biochemical-cellular-behavioral basis of PD have been understood, there is no appreciable treatment available till date. Current therapies provide symptomatic relief without any influence on the progression of the disease. Stem cell therapy has been vigorously explored to treat PD. In this comprehensive review, we analyze various stem cell candidates for treating PD and discuss the possible mechanisms. We advocate the advantage of using neural crest originated dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) due to their predisposition towards neural differentiation and their potential to regenerate neurons far better than commonly used bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Eventually, we highlight the current challenges in the field and the strategies which may be used for overcoming the impediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Sharma
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Shobha K
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Mata Sundeep
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | | | - Shagufta Parveen
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
| | - Anandh Dhanushkodi
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka. India
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31
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HGF-Modified Dental Pulp Stem Cells Mitigate the Inflammatory and Fibrotic Responses in Paraquat-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6662831. [PMID: 33747095 PMCID: PMC7943272 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6662831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) poisoning can cause acute lung injury and progress to pulmonary fibrosis and eventually death without effective therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have been shown to partially reverse this damage. MSCs can be derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose tissue (AD-MSCs), umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), dental pulp (DPSCs), and other sources. The biological characteristics of MSCs are specific to the tissue source. To develop an effective treatment for PQ poisoning, we compared the anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of UC-MSCs and DPSCs and chose and modified a suitable source with HGF to investigate their therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo. In this study, MSCs' supernatant was beneficial to the viability and proliferation of human lung epithelial cell BEAS-2B. Inflammatory and fibrosis-related cytokines were analyzed by real-time PCR. The results showed that MSCs' supernatant could suppress the expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic cytokines in BEAS-2B cells and human pulmonary fibroblast MRC-5. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs performed more effectively than MSCs' supernatant. The effect of DPSCs was stronger than that of UC-MSCs and was further strengthened by HGF modification. PQ-poisoned mice were established, and UC-MSCs, DPSCs, and DPSCs-HGF were administered. Histopathological assessments revealed that DPSCs-HGF mitigated lung inflammation and collagen accumulation more effectively than the other treatments. DPSCs-HGF reduced lung permeability and increased the survival rate of PQ mice from 20% to 50%. Taken together, these results indicated that DPSCs can suppress inflammation and fibrosis in human lung cells better than UC-MSCs. The anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects were significantly enhanced by HGF modification. DPSCs-HGF ameliorated pulmonitis and pulmonary fibrosis in PQ mice, effectively improving the survival rate, which might be mediated by paracrine mechanisms. The results suggested that DPSCs-HGF transplantation was a potential therapeutic approach for PQ poisoning.
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Gholami L, Nooshabadi VT, Shahabi S, Jazayeri M, Tarzemany R, Afsartala Z, Khorsandi K. Extracellular vesicles in bone and periodontal regeneration: current and potential therapeutic applications. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:16. [PMID: 33436061 PMCID: PMC7802187 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomes are considered important factors in the field of medical tissue engineering and cell free biotherapy due to their ease of access, differentiation potential, and successful therapeutic outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs are gaining more attraction as an alternative to cell-based therapies due to the less ethical issues involved, and their easier acquisition, preservation, long term storage, sterilization, and packaging. Bone and periodontal regenerative ability of EVs and CM have been the focus of some recent studies. In this review, we looked through currently available literature regarding MSCs' EVs or conditioned medium and their general characteristics, function, and regenerative potentials. We will also review the novel applications in regenerating bone and periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Taghdiri Nooshabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran.,Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shiva Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jazayeri
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zohreh Afsartala
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Park H, Collignon AM, Lepry WC, Ramirez-GarciaLuna JL, Rosenzweig DH, Chaussain C, Nazhat SN. Acellular dense collagen-S53P4 bioactive glass hybrid gel scaffolds form more bone than stem cell delivered constructs. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111743. [PMID: 33545885 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dense collagen (DC) gels facilitate the osteoblastic differentiation of seeded dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and undergo rapid acellular mineralization when incorporated with bioactive glass particles, both in vitro and subcutaneously in vivo. However, the potential of DC-bioactive glass hybrid gels in delivering DPSCs for bone regeneration in an osseous site has not been investigated. In this study, the efficacies of both acellular and DPSC-seeded DC-S53P4 bioactive glass [(53)SiO2-(23)Na2O-(20)CaO-(4)P2O5, wt%] hybrid gels were investigated in a critical-sized murine calvarial defect. The incorporation of S53P4, an osteostimulative bioactive glass, into DC gels led to its accelerated acellular mineralization in simulated body fluid (SBF), in vitro, where hydroxycarbonated apatite was detected within 1 day. By day 7 in SBF, micro-mechanical analysis demonstrated an 8-fold increase in the compressive modulus of the mineralized gels. The in-situ effect of the bioactive glass on human-DPSCs within DC-S53P4 was evident, by their osteogenic differentiation in the absence of osteogenic supplements. The production of alkaline phosphatase and collagen type I was further increased when cultured in osteogenic media. This osteostimulative effect of DC-S53P4 constructs was confirmed in vivo, where after 8 weeks implantation, both acellular scaffolds and DPSC-seeded DC-S53P4 constructs formed mineralized and vascularized bone matrices with osteoblastic and osteoclastic cell activity. Surprisingly, however, in vivo micro-CT analysis confirmed that the acellular scaffolds generated larger volumes of bone, already visible at week 3 and exhibiting superior trabecular architecture. The results of this study suggest that DC-S53P4 scaffolds negate the need for stem cell delivery for effective bone tissue regeneration and may expedite their path towards clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeree Park
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | - Anne-Margaux Collignon
- Université de Paris, URP 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging, and Biotherapies and Life Imaging Platform (PIV), Montrouge, France; AP-HP, GH Nord Université de Paris (Louis Mourier and Bretonneau hospitals), France
| | - William C Lepry
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Canada
| | | | - Derek H Rosenzweig
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, McGill University, Canada; Injury, Repair and Recovery Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Canada
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Université de Paris, URP 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging, and Biotherapies and Life Imaging Platform (PIV), Montrouge, France; AP-HP, GH Nord Université de Paris (Louis Mourier and Bretonneau hospitals), France
| | - Showan N Nazhat
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Canada.
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Senthilkumar S, Venugopal C, Parveen S, K S, Rai KS, Kutty BM, Dhanushkodi A. Remarkable migration propensity of dental pulp stem cells towards neurodegenerative milieu: An in vitro analysis. Neurotoxicology 2020; 81:89-100. [PMID: 32905802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy provides a ray of hope for treating neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) were extensively investigated for their role in neuroregeneration. However, drawbacks like painful bone marrow extraction, less proliferation and poor CNS engraftment following systemic injections of BM-MSC prompt us to search for alternate/appropriate source of MSC for treating ND. In this context, dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) could be an alternative to BM-MSC as it possess both mesenchymal and neural characteristic features due to its origin from ectoderm, ease of isolation, higher proliferation index and better neuroprotection. A study on the migration potential of DPSC compared to BM-MSC in a neurodegenerative condition is warranted. Given the neural crest origin, we hypothesize that DPSC possess better migration towards neurodegenerative milieu as compared to BM-MSC. In this prospect, we investigated the migration potential of DPSC in an in vitro neurodegenerative condition. Towards this, transwell, Matrigel and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) migration assays were carried-out by seeding hippocampal neurons in the lower chamber and treated with 300 μM kainic acid (KA) for 6 h to induce neurodegeneration. Subsequently, the upper chamber of transwell was loaded with DPSC/BM-MSC and their migration potential was assessed following 24 h of incubation. Our results revealed that the migration potential of DPSC/BM-MSC was comparable in non-degenerative condition. However, following injury the migration potential of DPSC towards the degenerating site was significantly higher as compared to BM-MSC. Furthermore, upon exposure of naïve DPSC/BM-MSCs to culture medium derived from neurodegenerative milieu resulted in significant upregulation of homing factors like SDF-1alpha, CXCR-4, VCAM-1, VLA-4, CD44, MMP-2 suggesting that the superior migration potential of DPSC might be due to prompt expression of homing factors in DPSC compared to BM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivapriya Senthilkumar
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Chaitra Venugopal
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shagufta Parveen
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Shobha K
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiranmai S Rai
- Dept. of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Bindu M Kutty
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anandh Dhanushkodi
- Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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Sui B, Wu D, Xiang L, Fu Y, Kou X, Shi S. Dental Pulp Stem Cells: From Discovery to Clinical Application. J Endod 2020; 46:S46-S55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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36
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Zayed M, Iohara K. Immunomodulation and Regeneration Properties of Dental Pulp Stem Cells: A Potential Therapy to Treat Coronavirus Disease 2019. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720952089. [PMID: 32830527 PMCID: PMC7443577 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720952089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, originating from Wuhan, China, is known to cause severe acute respiratory symptoms. The occurrence of a cytokine storm in the lungs is a critical step in the disease pathogenesis, as it causes pathological lesions, pulmonary edema, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, potentially resulting in death. Currently, there is no effective treatment that targets the cytokine storm and helps regenerate the damaged tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to act as anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory candidates and activate endogenous regeneration. As a result, MSC therapy is a potential treatment approach for COVID-19. Intravenous injection of clinical-grade MSCs into COVID-19 patients can induce an immunomodulatory response along with improved lung function. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are considered a potential source of MSCs for immunomodulation, tissue regeneration, and clinical application. Although some current clinical trials have treated COVID-19 patients with DPSCs, this therapy has not been approved. Here, we review the potential use of DPSCs and their significance in the development of a therapy for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zayed
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Mohammed Zayed, Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Iohara
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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Yoshida S, Tomokiyo A, Hasegawa D, Hamano S, Sugii H, Maeda H. Insight into the Role of Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Regenerative Therapy. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9070160. [PMID: 32659896 PMCID: PMC7407391 DOI: 10.3390/biology9070160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential, and are considered a promising cell population for cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration. MSCs are isolated from various organs including dental pulp, which originates from cranial neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme. Recently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) have been isolated from dental pulp tissue of adult permanent teeth and deciduous teeth, respectively. Because of their MSC-like characteristics such as high growth capacity, multipotency, expression of MSC-related markers, and immunomodulatory effects, they are suggested to be an important cell source for tissue regeneration. Here, we review the features of these cells, their potential to regenerate damaged tissues, and the recently acquired understanding of their potential for clinical application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Yoshida
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (A.T.); (D.H.); (H.S.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-6432
| | - Atsushi Tomokiyo
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (A.T.); (D.H.); (H.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Daigaku Hasegawa
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (A.T.); (D.H.); (H.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Sayuri Hamano
- OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugii
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (A.T.); (D.H.); (H.S.); (H.M.)
| | - Hidefumi Maeda
- Department of Endodontology, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (A.T.); (D.H.); (H.S.); (H.M.)
- Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Dong X, Kong F, Liu C, Dai S, Zhang Y, Xiao F, Zhang H, Wu CT, Wang H. Pulp stem cells with hepatocyte growth factor overexpression exhibit dual effects in rheumatoid arthritis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:229. [PMID: 32522231 PMCID: PMC7288412 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01747-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the therapeutic effect of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) transfected with adenovirus expressing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods DPSCs were modified with Ad-HGF to produce HGF-overexpressing DPSCs, DPSCs-HGF. In experimental mouse CIA model, DPSCs-HGF and DPSCs-Null (modified with Ad-Null) were engrafted via intravenously after disease onset, which was determined by the presence of joint swelling. The therapeutic effects on joints were evaluated at 49 days after collagen injection by histopathological analysis and microcomputed tomography imaging. The inflammatory cytokines were analyzed both in sera and joints via MILLIPLEX kit and immunohistochemical staining, respectively, and the regulatory T cells (Tregs) were analyzed in peripheral blood by using flow cytometry. Furthermore, primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes were isolated, colony formation analysis and FACS were performed to evaluate the effect of HGF on the proliferation and cell cycle of FLSs. Western blot assay was carried out to clarify the signal pathway of HGF-cMet. Results We found that without HGF modification, DPSC transfusion was helpful in controlling autoimmune status, local synovitis, and bone erosion after intravenous administration. However, HGF-modified DPSCs have dual role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the early phase, HGF overexpression inhibited RA progression by its immunosuppressive effects, while in the late phase, HGF promoted synovitis by activating fibroblast-like synoviocytes to produce pathogenic IL-6, accelerating cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis resistance via phosphorylating the c-Met/Akt pathway. The overall effect of HGF modification attenuated the therapeutic effect of DPSCs. Conclusions Our study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the therapeutic effect of DPSCs in the mouse model and a primary answer to the divergence of whether HGF is harmful or helpful in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Dong
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanxuan Kong
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyun Dai
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengjun Xiao
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- The Fifth Department of Chemotherapy, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
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Differential expression of long noncoding RNAs from dental pulp stem cells in the microenvironment of the angiogenesis. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 113:104691. [PMID: 32247880 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiogenesis is important in pulp-dentin formation. Among the regulatory factors, long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a class of functional RNA molecules that are not translated into protein and involved in regulating multiple physiological processes. The different expression of LncRNA and its target gene in dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were explored and may provide a theoretical basis for future regulation of dental pulp angiogenesis. METHODS In this study, we cultured DPSCs from healthy dental pulp tissues and divided them into two groups: the normal DPSCs and the DPSCs cultured in vascular induction medium. In total, 40,173 LncRNA probes and 20,730 protein coding mRNAs were detected through microarray, which were then verified by the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method. RESULTS The result of differential expressions measured in LncRNA through microarray showed that 376 LncRNAs increased significantly and 426 were downregulated among the two groups of cells. Moreover, the mRNA microarray in normal cultured DPSCs showed that 629 LncRNAs were significantly upregulated, while 529 of them were downregulated compared with the DPSCs that were cultured in vascular induction medium. Gene ontology (GO) analysis inferred the molecular function of mRNAs. Pathway analysis showed that 52 signaling pathways were involved in the differentiation process of DPSCs. qRT-PCR analysis, conducted for validation, showed results consistent with the microarray analysis. CONCLUSIONS We found that a number of different regulators are involved in inducing vascular differentiation of DPSCs, which provides a foundation for subsequent experiments.
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El Moshy S, Radwan IA, Rady D, Abbass MMS, El-Rashidy AA, Sadek KM, Dörfer CE, Fawzy El-Sayed KM. Dental Stem Cell-Derived Secretome/Conditioned Medium: The Future for Regenerative Therapeutic Applications. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:7593402. [PMID: 32089709 PMCID: PMC7013327 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7593402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine literature has proposed mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell- (MSC-) mediated therapeutic approaches for their great potential in managing various diseases and tissue defects. Dental MSCs represent promising alternatives to nondental MSCs, owing to their ease of harvesting with minimally invasive procedures. Their mechanism of action has been attributed to their cell-to-cell contacts as well as to the paracrine effect of their secreted factors, namely, secretome. In this context, dental MSC-derived secretome/conditioned medium could represent a unique cell-free regenerative and therapeutic approach, with fascinating advantages over parent cells. This article reviews the application of different populations of dental MSC secretome/conditioned medium in in vitro and in vivo animal models, highlights their significant implementation in treating different tissue' diseases, and clarifies the significant bioactive molecules involved in their regenerative potential. The analysis of these recent studies clearly indicate that dental MSCs' secretome/conditioned medium could be effective in treating neural injuries, for dental tissue regeneration, in repairing bone defects, and in managing cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, hepatic regeneration, and skin injuries, through regulating anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, angiogenic, osteogenic, and neurogenic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara El Moshy
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. S. Abbass
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aiah A. El-Rashidy
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khadiga M. Sadek
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Stem cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Tawfik Tadros MS, El-Baz MAES, Khairy MAEK. Dental stem cells in tooth repair: A systematic review. F1000Res 2019; 8:1955. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.21058.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dental stem cells (DSCs) are self-renewable teeth cells, which help maintain or develop oral tissues. These cells can differentiate into odontoblasts, adipocytes, cementoblast-like cells, osteoblasts, or chondroblasts and form dentin/pulp. This systematic review aimed to summarize the current evidence regarding the role of these cells in dental pulp regeneration. Methods: We searched the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science using relevant keywords. Case reports and non-English studies were excluded. We included all studies using dental stem cells in tooth repair whether in vivo or in vitro studies. Results: Dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs) is the most common type of cell. Most stem cells are incorporated and implanted into the root canals in different scaffold forms. Some experiments combine growth factors such as TDM, BMP, and G-CSF with stem cells to improve the results. The transplant of DPSCs and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) was found to be associated with pulp-like recovery, efficient revascularization, enhanced chondrogenesis, and direct vascular supply of regenerated tissue. Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that DPSCs, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, and SCAPs are capable of providing sufficient pulp regeneration and vascularization. For the development of the dental repair field, it is important to screen for more effective stem cells, dentine releasing therapies, good biomimicry scaffolds, and good histological markers.
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Lan X, Sun Z, Chu C, Boltze J, Li S. Dental Pulp Stem Cells: An Attractive Alternative for Cell Therapy in Ischemic Stroke. Front Neurol 2019; 10:824. [PMID: 31428038 PMCID: PMC6689980 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide, but effective restorative treatments are very limited at present. Regenerative medicine research revealed that stem cells are promising therapeutic options. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are autologously applicable cells that origin from the neural crest and exhibit neuro-ectodermal features next to multilineage differentiation potentials. DPSCs are of increasing interest since they are relatively easy to obtain, exhibit a strong proliferation ability, and can be cryopreserved for a long time without losing their multi-directional differentiation capacity. Besides, use of DPSCs can avoid fundamental problems such as immune rejection, ethical controversy, and teratogenicity. Therefore, DPSCs provide a tempting prospect for stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lan
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhengwu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengyan Chu
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Johannes Boltze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Novais A, Lesieur J, Sadoine J, Slimani L, Baroukh B, Saubaméa B, Schmitt A, Vital S, Poliard A, Hélary C, Rochefort GY, Chaussain C, Gorin C. Priming Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Enhances Mineralization Within Tissue-Engineered Constructs Implanted in Craniofacial Bone Defects. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:844-857. [PMID: 31016898 PMCID: PMC6646701 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The craniofacial area is prone to trauma or pathologies often resulting in large bone damages. One potential treatment option is the grafting of a tissue-engineered construct seeded with adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The dental pulp appears as a relevant source of MSCs, as dental pulp stem cells display strong osteogenic properties and are efficient at bone formation and repair. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and/or hypoxia primings were shown to boost the angiogenesis potential of dental pulp stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Based on these findings, we hypothesized here that these primings would also improve bone formation in the context of craniofacial bone repair. We found that both hypoxic and FGF-2 primings enhanced SHED proliferation and osteogenic differentiation into plastically compressed collagen hydrogels, with a much stronger effect observed with the FGF-2 priming. After implantation in immunodeficient mice, the tissue-engineered constructs seeded with FGF-2 primed SHED mediated faster intramembranous bone formation into critical size calvarial defects than the other groups (no priming and hypoxia priming). The results of this study highlight the interest of FGF-2 priming in tissue engineering for craniofacial bone repair. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:844&857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Novais
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Julie Lesieur
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Jérémy Sadoine
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Lotfi Slimani
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Brigitte Baroukh
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging FacilityInserm US25, CNRS UMS 3612, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Cochin Institute, Transmission Electron Microscopy Platform, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Sibylle Vital
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Anne Poliard
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de ParisSorbonne Universités, CNRS, Collège de FranceParisFrance
| | - Gaël Y. Rochefort
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Caroline Gorin
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
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Yanasse RH, De Lábio RW, Marques L, Fukasawa JT, Segato R, Kinoshita A, Matsumoto MA, Felisbino SL, Solano B, Dos Santos RR, Payão SLM. Xenotransplantation of human dental pulp stem cells in platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4344-4356. [PMID: 31186677 PMCID: PMC6507499 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) scaffolds may be a promising treatment for cartilage repair. Human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) subpopulations have been identified to have substantial angiogenic, neurogenic and regenerative potential when compared with other stem cell sources. The present study evaluated the potential of hDPSCs in a PRP scaffold to regenerate full-thickness cartilage defects in rabbits. Full-thickness articular cartilage defects were created in the patellar groove of the femur of 30 rabbits allocated into three experimental groups: Those with an untreated critical defect (CTL), those treated with PRP (PRP) and those treated with stem cells in a PRP scaffold (PRP+SC). The patellar grooves of the femurs from the experimental groups were evaluated macroscopically and histologically at 6 and 12 weeks post-surgery. The synovial membranes were also collected and evaluated for histopathological analysis. The synovial lining cell layer was enlarged in the CTL group compared with the PRP group at 6 weeks (P=0.037) but not with the PRP+SC group. All groups exhibited low-grade synovitis at 6 weeks and no synovitis at 12 weeks. Notably, macroscopic grades for the area of articular cartilage repair for the PRP+SC group were significantly improved compared with those in the CTL (P=0.001) and PRP (P=0.049) groups at 12 weeks. Furthermore, histological scores (modified O'Driscoll scoring system) of the patellar groove articular cartilage in the PRP+SC and PRP groups, in which the articular cartilage was primarily hyaline-like, were significantly higher compared with those in the CTL group at 12 weeks (P=0.002 and P=0.007, respectively). The present results support the therapeutic use of hDPSCs for the treatment of full-thickness articular cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Hideki Yanasse
- Department of Genetics, Blood Center, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Roger William De Lábio
- Department of Genetics, Blood Center, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Marques
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Josianne Tomazini Fukasawa
- Department of Genetics, Blood Center, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Rosimeire Segato
- Department of Genetics, Blood Center, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Angela Kinoshita
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Mariza Akemi Matsumoto
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Sergio Luis Felisbino
- Department of Morphology, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Monte Tabor Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, Monte Tabor Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA 17519-050, Brazil
| | - Spencer Luiz Marques Payão
- Department of Genetics, Blood Center, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, SP 17519-050, Brazil.,Department of Health Sciences, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, SP 17519-050, Brazil
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Clinical Potential and Current Progress of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Various Systemic Diseases in Regenerative Medicine: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051132. [PMID: 30845639 PMCID: PMC6429131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have multipotent differentiation and a self-renewal ability. They have been useful not only for dental diseases, but also for systemic diseases. Extensive studies have suggested that DPSCs are effective for various diseases, such as spinal cord injuries, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy, diabetes, liver diseases, eye diseases, immune diseases, and oral diseases. DPSCs have the potential for use in a cell-therapeutic paradigm shift to treat these diseases. It has also been reported that DPSCs have higher regenerative potential than the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells known as representative MSCs. Therefore, DPSCs have recently gathered much attention. In this review, the therapeutic potential of DPSCs, the latest progress in the pre-clinical study for treatment of these various systemic diseases, and the clinical applications of DPSCs in regenerative medicine, are all summarized. Although challenges, including mechanisms of the effects and establishment of cell processing and transplantation methods for clinical use, still remain, DPSCs could be promising stem cells sources for various clinical applications, because of their easy isolation by a noninvasive procedure without ethical concerns.
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Sultan N, Amin LE, Zaher AR, Scheven BA, Grawish ME. Dental pulp stem cells: Novel cell-based and cell-free therapy for peripheral nerve repair. World J Stomatol 2019; 7:1-19. [DOI: 10.5321/wjs.v7.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of peripheral nerves comprises complicated steps involving a set of cellular and molecular events in distal nerve stumps with axonal sprouting and remyelination. Stem cell isolation and expansion for peripheral nerve repair (PNR) can be achieved using a wide diversity of prenatal and adult tissues, such as bone marrow or brain tissues. The ability to obtain stem cells for cell-based therapy (CBT) is limited due to donor site morbidity and the invasive nature of the harvesting process. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be relatively and simply isolated from the dental pulps of permanent teeth, extracted for surgical or orthodontic reasons. DPSCs are of neural crest origin with an outstanding ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. They have better potential to differentiate into neural and glial cells than other stem cell sources through the expression and secretion of certain markers and a range of neurotropic factors; thus, they should be considered a good choice for PNR using CBT. In addition, these cells have paracrine effects through the secretion of neurotrophic growth factors and extracellular vesicles, which can enhance axonal growth and remyelination by decreasing the number of dying cells and activating local inhabitant stem cell populations, thereby revitalizing dormant or blocked cells, modulating the immune system and regulating inflammatory responses. The use of DPSC-derived secretomes holds great promise for controllable and manageable therapy for peripheral nerve injury. In this review, up-to-date information about the neurotrophic and neurogenic properties of DPSCs and their secretomes is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessma Sultan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Laila E Amin
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Zaher
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ben A Scheven
- School of Dentistry, Oral Biology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B5 7EG, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed E Grawish
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Al-Habib M, Huang GTJ. Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Dental Pulp Stem Cells, Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells, Apical Papilla Stem Cells, and Primary Teeth Stem Cells-Isolation, Characterization, and Expansion for Tissue Engineering. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1922:59-76. [PMID: 30838565 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9012-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dental stem cells (DSCs) have been shown to possess great potential for multiple biomedical applications, especially for dental tissue regeneration. They are a special type of subpopulation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and present subtle differences from other types of MSCs. Therefore, it requires a specialized expertise to isolate, culture, and characterize these cells in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this chapter is to share our experience in studying these cells. We will describe in detail laboratory protocols outlining how the cells are isolated, cultured, expanded, and characterized using various in vitro cellular and biochemical analyses, as well as an in vivo study model using immunocompromised mice to observe tissue regeneration after transplantation of these DSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mey Al-Habib
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - George T-J Huang
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Side Population: Its Use in the Study of Cellular Heterogeneity and as a Potential Enrichment Tool for Rare Cell Populations. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:2472137. [PMID: 30627171 PMCID: PMC6304857 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2472137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is still much to learn about the cells used for cell- and gene-based therapies in the clinical setting. Stem cells are found in virtually all tissues in the human body. As a result, cells isolated from these tissues are a heterogeneous population consisting of various subpopulations including stem cells. Several strategies have been used to isolate and define the subpopulations that constitute these heterogeneous populations, one of which is the side population (SP) assay. SP cells are identified by their ability to efflux a fluorescent dye at a rate that is greater than the main cell population. This elevated rate of dye efflux has been attributed to the expression of members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter protein family. SP cells have been identified in various tissues. In this review, we discuss the research to date on SP cells, focussing on SP cells identified in haematopoietic stem cells, adipose-derived stromal cells, and dental pulp.
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Insights into Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Origin, Classification, Potentials, and Prospects. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9847015. [PMID: 30581475 PMCID: PMC6276490 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9847015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the discovery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the late 1990s, a paradigm shift in the concept of neoangiogenesis occurred. The identification of circulating EPCs in peripheral blood marked the beginning of a new era with enormous potential in the rapidly transforming regenerative field. Overwhelmed with the revelation, researchers across the globe focused on isolating, defining, and interpreting the role of EPCs in various physiological and pathological conditions. Consequently, controversies emerged regarding the isolation techniques and classification of EPCs. Nevertheless, the potential of using EPCs in tissue engineering as an angiogenic source has been extensively explored. Concomitantly, the impact of EPCs on various diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied. Within the limitations of the current knowledge, this review attempts to delineate the concept of EPCs in a sequential manner from the speculative history to a definitive presence (origin, sources of EPCs, isolation, and identification) and significance of these EPCs. Additionally, this review is aimed at serving as a guide for investigators, identifying potential research gaps, and summarizing our current and future prospects regarding EPCs.
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