1
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Akar S, Cakir M, Ozkol H, Akkoc S, Ozdem B. A benzimidazolium salt induces apoptosis and arrests cells at sub-G1 phase in epithelial ovarian cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:66. [PMID: 38170294 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer, also known as a silent killer, is the deadliest gynecological cancer in women worldwide. Epithelial ovarian cancers constitute the majority of ovarian cancers, and diagnosis can be made in advanced stages, which greatly reduces the likelihood of treatment and lowers the survival rate. For the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancers, the search for synthetic agents as well as agents of natural origin continues. The effects of 1-(2-cyanobenzyl)-3-(4-vinylbenzyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-3-ium chloride (BD), a benzimidazole derivative, were investigated on epithelial ovarian cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS In our study, the effects of BD on proliferation, colony formation, cell death by apoptosis and the cell cycle in A2780 and A2780 Adriamycin (ADR) ovarian cancer cell lines were investigated. Proliferation was examined with cell viability analysis, colony formation and apoptosis with Annexin V staining and cell cycle analyses with PI staining, respectively. As a result of the analyses, BD inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, induced apoptosis and cell death at 48 h in A2780 and A2780 ADR cells at 10.10 and 10.36 µM concentrations, respectively. In addition, A2780 and A2780ADR cells were arrested in the Sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS BD suppresses cancer cell progression by showing antiproliferative effects on ovarian cancer cells. Further analyses are required to determine the mechanism of action of this agent and to demonstrate its potential as a suitable candidate for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakine Akar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 65090, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Cakir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 65090, Turkey
| | - Halil Ozkol
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 65090, Turkey
| | - Senem Akkoc
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berna Ozdem
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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2
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Hekmatshoar Y, Ozkan T, Alp M, Gurkan-Alp AS, Sunguroglu A. Some 2-[4-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl) phenyl]-1H-benzimidazole derivatives overcome imatinib resistance by induction of apoptosis and reduction of P-glycoprotein activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1521-1533. [PMID: 37722976 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Imatinib (IMA) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) introduced for the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapy. Emergence of IMA resistance leads to the relapse and failure in CML therapy. Benzimidazole is a heterocyclic organic compound which is widely investigated for the development of anticancer drugs. In this study, we aimed to explore the anticancer effects of some 2-[4-(1H-benzimidazol-1-yl) phenyl]-1H-benzimidazole derivatives on K562S (IMA-sensitive) and K562R (IMA-resistant) cells. To analyze the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the compounds, K562S, K562R, and L929 cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of the derivatives. Cytotoxic effects of compounds on cell viability were analyzed with MTT assay. Apoptosis induction, caspase3/7 activity were investigated with flow cytometry and BAX, BIM, and BAD genes expression levels were analyzed with qRT-PCR. Rhodamine123 (Rho-123) staining assays were carried out to evaluate the effect of compounds on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activity. The hit compounds were screened using molecular docking, and the binding preference of each compounds to BCR-ABL protein was evaluated. Our results indicated that compounds triggered cytotoxicity, caspase3/7 activation in K562S and K562R cells. Rho-123 staining showed that compounds inhibited P-gp activity in K562R cells. Overall, our results reveal some benzimidazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents to overcome IMA resistance in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Hekmatshoar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tulin Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Selen Gurkan-Alp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Sunguroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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3
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Chalkappa PKB, Aralihalli S, Sudileti M, Aithal SJ, Praveen BM, Birjadar K. The medicinal panorama of benzimidazoles and their scaffolds as anticancer and antithrombotic agents: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300206. [PMID: 37440107 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds have become a prospective pharmacophore with therapeutic importance due to their biological similarities with natural and synthetic drugs. Among all nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, benzimidazoles and their derivatives are privileged molecules structurally akin to naturally available nucleotides, enabling them to intercommunicate with numerous biopolymers in biological systems. This reason enlightens modern researchers worldwide to assess their potential significance in the context of synthetic and biological chemistry. Therefore, it is crucial to merge the latest data with the prior documentation to apprehend the ongoing situation of the benzimidazole moiety in various therapeutic zones of research. The current work displays that the benzimidazole center is a versatile nucleus that offers the necessary data of synthetic alterations for pre-existing compounds to provide new scaffolds to resist numerous therapeutic sectors, including those associated with anticancer and antithrombosis. Due to the potential significance of benzimidazoles, this review aims to emphasize the latest innovations in synthesizing several other notable benzimidazole substrates and their significant pharmacological prospects for the future, including anticancer and antithrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudhakara Aralihalli
- Department of Chemistry, RajaRajeswari College of Engineering, Banglore, Karnataka, India
| | - Murali Sudileti
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Kedarnath Birjadar
- Department of Chemistry, Srinivas University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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4
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Taruneshwar Jha K, Shome A, Chahat, Chawla PA. Recent advances in nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds as receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer: Biological activity and structural activity relationship. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106680. [PMID: 37336103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Erratic cell proliferation is the initial symptom of cancer, which can eventually metastasize to other organs. Before cancer becomes metastatic, its spread is triggered by pro-angiogenic factors including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and Platelet Factor (PF4), all of which are part of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are cell-surface proteins and aresignaling enzymes that transfer ATP-phosphate to tyrosine residue substrates. Important biological processes like proliferation, differentiation, motility, and cell-cycle regulation are all possessedby these proteins. Unusual RTK expression is typically associated with cell growth abnormalities, which is linked to tumor acquisition, angiogenesis, and cancer progression. In addition to the already available medications, numerous other heterocyclic are being studied for their potential action against a variety of cancers. In the fight against cancer, in particular, these heterocycles have been used for their dynamic core scaffold and their inherent adaptability. In this review article, we have compiled last five years research work including nitrogen containing heterocycles that have targeted RTK. Herein, the SAR and activity of various compounds containing diverse heterocyclic (pyrimidine, indole, pyridine, pyrazole, benzimidazole, and pyrrole) scaffolds are discussed, and they may prove useful in the future for designing new leads against RTKs. Our focus in this manuscript is to comprehensively review the latest research on the biological activity and structural activity relationship of nitrogen compounds as RTK inhibitors. We believe that this may be an important contribution to the field, as it can help guide future research efforts and facilitate the development of more effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Taruneshwar Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Abhimannu Shome
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Chahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, G.T Road, Moga, Punjab 142001, India.
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5
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Abdullah S, Ganguly S. An overview of imidazole and its analogues as potent anticancer agents. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1621-1646. [PMID: 37727960 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for novel, physiologically active imidazoles remains an exciting topic of research among medicinal chemists. The imidazole ring is a five-membered aromatic heterocycle that is found in both natural and synthesized compounds. Multiple anticancer drug classes are currently available on the market, but concerns including toxicity, limited efficacy and solubility have lowered the overall therapeutic index. Therefore, the hunt for new potential chemotherapeutic agents persists. The development of imidazole as a reliable and safer alternative to anticancer treatment is generating much attention among experts. Tubulin or microtubule polymerization inhibition and changes in the structure and function of DNA, VEGF, topoisomerase, kinases, histone deacetylases and certain other proteins that affect gene expression are among the putative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salik Abdullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Swastika Ganguly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, 835215, India
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6
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Thaher BA, Al-Masri I, Wahedy K, Morjan R, Aliwaini S, Al Atter IM, Elmabhouh AA, Ibwaini AKA, Alkhaldi SL, Qeshta B, Jacob C, Deigner HP. Synthesis and bioassay of 3-Aryl -1-(pyridin-4-yl)benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-d][1,2,4]- triazin-4(3H)-ones as anti-cancer agents. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1797-1810. [PMID: 36856800 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Four novel 3-Aryl -1-(pyridin-4-yl)benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-d][1,2,4]- triazin-4(3H)-ones derivatives (C1 to C4) have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anticancer activity. The structure of compounds was characterized by IR,1H NMR, 13C NMR and high-resolution mass (HRMS). The crystal structures of C1, C2 and C4 were previously determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis.The results from docking experiments with EGFR suggested the binding of the compounds at the active site of EGFR. The new compounds exhibited different levels of cytotoxicity against HCC1937 and MCF7 breast cancer cells. Results of the MTT assay identified C3 as the most cytotoxic of the series against both MCF7 and HCC1937 breast cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 36.4 and 48.2 µM, respectively. In addition to its ability to inhibit cell growth and colony formation ability, C3 also inhibited breast cancer cell migration. Western blotting results showed that C3 treatment inhibited EGFR signaling and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as indicated by the low level of p-EGFR and p-AKT and the increasing levels of p53, p21 and cleaved PARP. Our work represents a promising starting point for the development of a new series of compounds targeting cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Abu Thaher
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Islamic University of Gaza, P.O. Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Ihab Al-Masri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Kanan Wahedy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Rami Morjan
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Islamic University of Gaza, P.O. Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Saeb Aliwaini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Islamic University of Gaza, PO Box 108, Gaza, Palestine.
| | - Iman Mahmoud Al Atter
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Islamic University of Gaza, PO Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Aayat Ahmed Elmabhouh
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Islamic University of Gaza, PO Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Areej Khaled Al Ibwaini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Islamic University of Gaza, PO Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Saba Luay Alkhaldi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Islamic University of Gaza, PO Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Basem Qeshta
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Islamic University of Gaza, P.O. Box 108, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Hochschule Furtwangen (HFU), Jakob-Kienzle-Strasse 17, 78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.
- Fraunhofer IZI, Perlickstrasse 1, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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7
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Doan NQH, Nguyen NTK, Nguyen NB, Tran TT, Tran QN, Truong TN. Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of anti-colorectal cancer activity of curcumin analogues containing 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole targeting EGFR tyrosine kinase. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023:130414. [PMID: 37331408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that monocarbonyl analogues of curcumin (MACs) and 1H-pyrazole heterocycle both demonstrated promising anticancer activities, in which several compounds containing these scaffolds could target EGFR. In this research, 24 curcumin analogues containing 1H-pyrazole (a1-f4) were synthesized and characterized by using modern spectroscopic techniques. Firstly, synthetic MACs were screened for cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines such as SW480, MDA-MB-231 and A549, from which the 10 most potential cytotoxic compounds were identified and selected. Subsequently, the selected MACs were further screened for their inhibition against tyrosine kinases, which showed that a4 demonstrated the most significant inhibitory effects on EGFRWT and EGFRL858R. Based on the results, a4 further demonstrated its ability to cause morphological changes, to increase the percentage of apoptotic cells, and to increase caspase-3 activity, suggesting its apoptosis-inducing activity on SW480 cells. In addition, the effect of a4 on the SW480 cell cycle revealed its ability to arrest SW480 cells at G2/M phase. In subsequent computer-based assessments, a4 was predicted to possess several promising physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. Via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, a reversible binding mode between a4 and EGFRWT, EGFRL858R, or EGFRG719S, remained stable within the 100-ns simulation due to effective interactions especially the hydrogen bonding with M793. Finally, free binding energy calculations suggested that a4 could inhibit the activity of EGFRG719S more effectively than other EGFR forms. In conclusion, our work would provide the basis for the future design of promising synthetic compounds as anticancer agents targeting EGFR tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Q H Doan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Lang University, 69/68 Dang Thuy Tram Street, Ward 13, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam.
| | - Ngan T K Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 41-43 Dinh Tien Hoang Street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam.
| | - Ngoc B Nguyen
- Quality Assurance, Hasan Dermapharm Joint Venture Co., Ltd., Lot B, Dong An Industrial Park, Binh Duong Province 75000, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi T Tran
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thu Dau Mot University, 06 Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province 75000, Viet Nam.
| | - Quang N Tran
- School of Chemical Engineering, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Johnson Hall, 105 SW 26th Street, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Tuyen N Truong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 41-43 Dinh Tien Hoang Street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Viet Nam.
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8
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Bangaru M, Kumar Nukala S, Kannekanti PK, Sirassu N, Manchal R, Swamy Thirukovela N. Synthesis of Quinoline‐Thiazolidine‐2,4‐dione Coupled Pyrazoles as in vitro EGFR Targeting Anti‐Breast Cancer Agents and Their in silico Studies. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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9
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Microfluidics Biocatalysis System Applied for the Synthesis of N-Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives by Aza-Michael Addition. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzimidazole scaffolds became an attractive subject due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. In this work, a methodology was developed for the synthesis of N-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from benzimidazoles and α, β-unsaturated compounds (acrylonitriles, acrylate esters, phenyl vinyl sulfone) catalyzed by lipase TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus in continuous-flow microreactors. Investigations were conducted on reaction parameters such as solvent, substrate ratio, reaction temperature, reactant donor/acceptor structures, and reaction time. The transformation is promoted by inexpensive and readily available lipase in methanol at 45 °C for 35 min. A wide range of β-amino sulfone, β-amino nitrile, and β-amino carbonyl compounds were efficiently and selectively synthesized in high yields (76–97%). All in all, a microfluidic biocatalysis system was applied to the synthesis of N-substituted benzimidazole derivatives, and could serve as a promising fast synthesis strategy for further research to develop novel and highly potent active drugs.
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10
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Abdullah MN, Ali Y, Abd Hamid S. Insights into the structure and drug design of benzimidazole derivatives targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:921-934. [PMID: 34651438 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase overexpression could result in an unfavourable consequence of cancer progression in the body. A number of kinase inhibitor drugs targeting various cancer-related protein kinases have been developed and proven successful in clinical therapy. Benzimidazole is one of the most studied scaffolds in the search for effective anticancer drugs. The association of various functional groups and the structural design of the compounds may influence the binding towards the receptor. Despite numerous publications on the design, synthesis and biological assays of benzimidazole derivatives, their inhibitory activities against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), have not been specifically analysed. This review covers recent research reports on the anticancer activity of benzimidazole derivatives focusing on EGFR expression cell lines, based on their structure-activity relationship study. We believe it would aid researchers to envision the challenges and explore benzimidazole's potentials as tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar'iyah Najihah Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Yousaf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shafida Abd Hamid
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Malaysia.,SYNTOF, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Malaysia
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11
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Abdullah MN, Hamid SA, Salhimi SM, Jalil NAS, Al-Amin M, Jumali NS. Design and Synthesis of 1-sec/tert-Butyl-2-Chloro/Nitrophenylbenzimidazole Derivatives: Molecular Docking and In Vitro Evaluation against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 Cell Lines. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Synthesis of new morpholine-benzimidazole-pyrazole hybrids as tubulin polymerization inhibiting anticancer agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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New molecular hybrids containing benzimidazole, thiazolidine-2,4-dione and 1,2,4-oxadiazole as EGFR directing cytotoxic agents. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Ali AM, Tawfik SS, Mostafa AS, Massoud MAM. Benzimidazole-Based Protein Kinase Inhibitors: Current Perspectives in Targeted Cancer Therapy. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:656-673. [PMID: 35962624 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy has emerged to be the cornerstone of advanced cancer treatment, allowing for more selectivity and avoiding the common drug toxicity and resistance. Identification of potential targets having vital role in growth and survival of cancer cells got much easier with the aid of the recent advances in high throughput screening approaches. Various protein kinases came into focus as valuable targets in cancer therapy. Meanwhile, benzimidazole-based scaffolds have gained significant attention as promising protein kinase inhibitors with high potency and varied selectivity. Great diversity of these scaffolds has inspired the medicinal chemists to inspect the effect of structural changes upon inhibitory activity on the molecular level through modeling studies. The present review gathers all the considerable attempts to develop benzimidazole-based compounds; designed as protein kinase inhibitors with anticancer activity since 2015; that target aurora kinase, CDK, CK2, EGFR, FGFR, and VEGFR-2; to allow further development and progression regarding benzimidazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samar S Tawfik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany S Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A M Massoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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15
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Karati D, Mahadik KR, Trivedi P, Kumar D. A Molecular Insight into Pyrazole Congeners as Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Antimalarial Agents. Med Chem 2022; 18:1044-1059. [PMID: 35240964 DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666220303150640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrazole is a bioactive heterocyclic congener found in a wide range of biological and pharmacological applications. Due to their multiple prospective uses, developing innovative pyrazoles and analogues, disclosing revolutionary ways for synthesizing this nucleus, investigating diverse potencies of that heterocycle, and seeking for possible applications of pyrazoles are all growing more significant Objectives: Pyrazole scaffolds have been proven to be successful as antimicrobial, anticancer, antimalarial therapeutic against multiple targets like DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV, Hsp90, and several kinase enzymes. Its moiety has absorbed the attention of many scientists to research chemical and pharmacological profile due to this miscellany in the biotic region. RESULTS The review covers pyrazole scaffolds with a variety of biological functions, as well as attempts to connect the structure-activity relationship. Multiple pyrazole analogues have been produced as lead compounds, and their activities have been evaluated. CONCLUSION The combination of pyrazole with other pharmacophores in a molecule might lead to novel potent therapeutic medicines, which could aid in the development of potent lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Karati
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Erandwane, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kakasaheb Ramoo Mahadik
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Erandwane, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Piyush Trivedi
- Hon. Director, Center of Innovation and Translational Research, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bhartiya Vidyapeeth, Pune 411038, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Erandwane, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, India
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Haider K, Shrivastava N, Pathak A, Prasad Dewangan R, Yahya S, Shahar Yar M. Recent advances and SAR study of 2-substituted benzothiazole scaffold based potent chemotherapeutic agents. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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17
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Sidat PS, Jaber TMK, Vekariya SR, Mogal AM, Patel AM, Noolvi M. Anticancer Biological Profile of Some Heterocylic Moieties-Thiadiazole, Benzimidazole, Quinazoline, and Pyrimidine. PHARMACOPHORE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/rt6ve6gesu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Celik I, Ayhan‐Kılcıgil G, Karayel A, Guven B, Onay‐Besikci A. Synthesis, molecular docking, in silico
ADME,
and
EGFR
kinase inhibitor activity studies of some new benzimidazole derivatives bearing thiosemicarbazide, triazole, and thiadiazole. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Celik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Ankara University Ankara Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey
| | - Gülgün Ayhan‐Kılcıgil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Arzu Karayel
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics Hitit University Çorum Turkey
| | - Berna Guven
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Arzu Onay‐Besikci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology Ankara University Ankara Turkey
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19
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Celik I, Ayhan-Kilcigil G, Guven B, Kara Z, Onay-Besikci A. In Vitro and in Silico Evaluation of Some New 1H-Benzimidazoles Bearing Thiosemicarbazide and Triazole as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2015404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Celik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gulgun Ayhan-Kilcigil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berna Guven
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zumra Kara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Onay-Besikci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Mary YS, Sheena Mary Y, Thomas R, Narayana B. Detailed Study of Three Halogenated Benzylpyrazole Acetamide Compounds with Potential Anticancer Properties. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1988997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renjith Thomas
- Deparment of Chemistry, St Berchmans College (Autonomous), Mahatma Gandhi University, Changanassery, Kerala, India
| | - B. Narayana
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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21
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Sharma B, Singh VJ, Chawla PA. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors as potential anticancer agents: An update of recent progress. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105393. [PMID: 34628226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a vital intermediate in cell signaling pathway including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and metastatic spread and also having four divergent members with similar structural features, such as EGFR (HER1/ErbB1), ErbB2 (HER2/neu), ErbB3 (HER3), and ErbB4 (HER4). Despite this, clinically exploited inhibitors of EGFR (including erlotinib, lapatinib, gefitinib, selumetinib, etc.) are not specific thus provoking unenviable adverse effects. Some of the paramount obstacles to generate and develop new lead molecules of EGFR inhibitors are drug resistance, mutation, and also selectivity which inspire medicinal chemists to generate novel chemotypes. The discovery of therapeutic agents that inhibit the precise stage in tumorous cells such as EGFR is one of the chief successful targets in many cancer therapies, including lung and breast cancers. This review aims to compile the various recent progressions (2016-2021) in the discovery and development of diverse epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors belonging to distinct structural classes like pyrazoline, pyrazole, imidazole, pyrimidine, coumarin, benzothiazole, etc. We have summarized preclinical and clinical data, structure-activity relationships (SAR) containing mechanistic and in silico studies to provide proposals for the design and invention of new EGFR inhibitors with therapeutic significance. The detailed progress of the work in the field will provide inexorable scope for the development of novel drug candidates with greater selectivity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Vikram Jeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Pooja A Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India.
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22
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Satija G, Sharma B, Madan A, Iqubal A, Shaquiquzzaman M, Akhter M, Parvez S, Khan MA, Alam MM. Benzimidazole based derivatives as anticancer agents: Structure activity relationship analysis for various targets. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garvit Satija
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Barkha Sharma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Anish Madan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
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23
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Sharma P, LaRosa C, Antwi J, Govindarajan R, Werbovetz KA. Imidazoles as Potential Anticancer Agents: An Update on Recent Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144213. [PMID: 34299488 PMCID: PMC8307698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings are common structural components of marketed drugs. Among these heterocycles, imidazole/fused imidazole rings are present in a wide range of bioactive compounds. The unique properties of such structures, including high polarity and the ability to participate in hydrogen bonding and coordination chemistry, allow them to interact with a wide range of biomolecules, and imidazole-/fused imidazole-containing compounds are reported to have a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review summarizes recent reports of imidazole/fused imidazole derivatives as anticancer agents appearing in the peer-reviewed literature from 2018 through 2020. Such molecules have been shown to modulate various targets, including microtubules, tyrosine and serine-threonine kinases, histone deacetylases, p53-Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) protein, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), G-quadraplexes, and other targets. Imidazole-containing compounds that display anticancer activity by unknown/undefined mechanisms are also described, as well as key features of structure-activity relationships. This review is intended to provide an overview of recent advances in imidazole-based anticancer drug discovery and development, as well as inspire the design and synthesis of new anticancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Chris LaRosa
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division of Mathematics, Computer & Natural Sciences Division, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, OH 43219, USA;
| | - Rajgopal Govindarajan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Karl A. Werbovetz
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Othman IMM, Alamshany ZM, Tashkandi NY, Gad-Elkareem MAM, Anwar MM, Nossier ES. New pyrimidine and pyrazole-based compounds as potential EGFR inhibitors: Synthesis, anticancer, antimicrobial evaluation and computational studies. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105078. [PMID: 34161878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was focused on the synthesis of new pyrimidines 4a,b, 5a,b and pyrazoles 6a, b as ATP mimicking tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The new compounds were assessed as cytotoxic candidates against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2). All the new compounds appeared as more potent cytotoxic agents than erlotinib, while only compound 4a exhibited more potency than 5-flourouracil and 4b analogue was equipotent to it. Accordingly, the kinase suppression effect of 4a and 4b was further evaluated against EGFRWT, EGFRL858R and EGFRT790M. Both pyrimidine analogues 4a and 4b displayed outstanding inhibitory activity against EGFRWT and its two mutated isoforms EGFRL858R and EGFRT790M in comparing to erlotinib and osimertinib as reference drugs. Additionally, all the new analogues were subjected to antimicrobial assay. Interestingly, both 4a and 4b represented the most promising activity of wide spectrum antimicrobial effect against the examined microbes in comparison to gentamycin and ketoconazole as standard drugs. Moreover, docking results proved the good binding interactions of the compounds 4a and 4b with EGFRWT and EGFRT790M which were in accordance with the results of the in vitro enzyme assay. Additional in silico ADMET studies were performed for the new derivatives which represented their good oral absorption, good drug-likeness properties and low toxicity risks in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail M M Othman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Zahra M Alamshany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, P.O. Box 42805, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Y Tashkandi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, P.O. Box 42805, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal M Anwar
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Eman S Nossier
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt
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25
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Alzhrani ZMM, Alam MM, Nazreen S. Recent advancements on Benzimidazole: A versatile scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:365-386. [PMID: 33797365 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210331163810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole is nitrogen containing fused heterocycle which has been extensively explored in medicinal chemistry. Benzimidizole nucleus has been found to possess various biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitubercular and antidiabetic. A number of benzimidazoles such as bendamustine, pantoprazole have been approved for the treatment of various illnesses whereas galeterone and GSK461364 are in clinical trials. The present review article gives an overview about the different biological activities exhibited by the benzimidazole derivatives as well as different methods used for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives for the past ten years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Mahboob Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha. Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nazreen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha. Saudi Arabia
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26
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Bansal Y, Minhas R, Singhal A, Arora RK, Bansal G. Benzimidazole: A Multifacted Nucelus for Anticancer Agents. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272825666210208141107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of cells, dedifferentiation,
invasiveness and metastasis. Endothelial growth factor (eGF), insulin-like growth factor
(IGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF), checkpoint kinase 1 & 2 ( Chk1 & Chk2), aurora kinases,
topoisomerases, histone deacetylators (HDAC), poly(ADP-Ribose)polymerase (PARP), farnesyl
transferases, RAS-MAPK pathway and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway, are some of the
prominent mediators implicated in the proliferation of tumor cells. Huge artillery of natural
and synthetic compounds as anticancer, which act by inhibiting one or more of the enzymes
and/or pathways responsible for the progression of tumor cells, is reported in the literature.
The major limitations of anticancer agents used in clinics as well as of those under development
in literature are normal cell toxicity and other side effects due to lack of specificity.
Hence, medicinal chemists across the globe have been working for decades to develop potent and safe anticancer
agents from natural sources as well as from different classes of heterocycles. Benzimidazole is one of the most important
and explored heteronucelus because of their versatility in biological actions as well as synthetic applications
in medicinal chemistry. The structural similarity of amino derivatives of benzimidazole with purines makes it a fascinating
nucleus for the development of anticancer, antimicrobial and anti-HIV agents. This review article is an attempt
to critically analyze various reports on benzimidazole derivatives acting on different targets to act as anticancer so as
to understand the structural requirements around benzimidazole nucleus for each target and enable medicinal chemists
to promote rational development of antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala - 147002, India
| | - Richa Minhas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala - 147002, India
| | - Ankit Singhal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala - 147002, India
| | - Radhey Krishan Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala - 147002, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala - 147002, India
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27
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Mor S, Khatri M, Punia R, Sindhu S. Recent Progress on Anticancer Agents Incorporating Pyrazole Scaffold. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:115-163. [PMID: 33823764 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210325115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The search of new anticancer agents is considered as a dynamic field of medicinal chemistry. In recent years, the synthesis of compounds with anticancer potential has increased and a large number of structurally varied compounds displaying potent anticancer activities have been published. Pyrazole is an important biologically active scaffold that possessed nearly all types of biological activities. The aim of this review is to collate literature work reported by researchers to provide an overview on in vivo and in vitro anticancer activities of pyrazole based derivatives among the diverse biological activities displayed by them and also presents recent efforts made on this heterocyclic moiety regarding anticancer activities. This review has been driven from the increasing number of publications, on this issue, which have been reported in the literature since the ending of the 20th century (from 1995-to date).
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Affiliation(s)
- Satbir Mor
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana. India
| | - Mohini Khatri
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana. India
| | - Ravinder Punia
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana. India
| | - Suchita Sindhu
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana. India
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28
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Ali SA, Awad SM, Said AM, Mahgoub S, Taha H, Ahmed NM. Design, synthesis, molecular modelling and biological evaluation of novel 3-(2-naphthyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives as potent antioxidants and 15-Lipoxygenase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:847-863. [PMID: 32216479 PMCID: PMC7170299 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1742116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the main causes of significant severe diseases. The discovery of new potent antioxidants with high efficiency and low toxicity is a great demand in the field of medicinal chemistry. Herein, we report the design, synthesis molecular modelling and biological evaluation of novel hybrids containing pyrazole, naphthalene and pyrazoline/isoxazoline moiety. Chalcones 2a–e were synthesized efficiently and were used as starting materials for synthesis of a variety of heterocycles. A novel series of pyrazoline 3a–e, phenylpyrazoline 4a–e, isoxazoline 5a–e and pyrazoline carbothioamide derivatives 6a–e were synthesized and screened for in vitro antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide radical scavenging assay as well as 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) inhibition activity. Compounds 3a, 4e, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6c, and 6e showed excellent radical scavenging activity in all three methods in comparison with ascorbic acid and 15-LOX inhibition potency using quercetin as standard then were subjected to in vivo study. Catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assayed in liver of treated rats. Compounds 5b, 5c, and 6e showed significant in vivo antioxidant potentials compared to control group at dose of 100 mg/kg B.W. Molecular docking of compound 6a endorsed its proper binding at the active site pocket of the human 15-LOX which explains its potent antioxidant activity in comparison with standard ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar A Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Mohamed Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Mohammed Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Shahenda Mahgoub
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Taha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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El-Meguid EAA, El-Deen EMM, Nael MA, Anwar MM. Novel benzimidazole derivatives as anti-cervical cancer agents of potential multi-targeting kinase inhibitory activity. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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30
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Lasri J, Al-Rasheed HH, El-Faham A, Haukka M, Abutaha N, Soliman SM. Synthesis, structure and in vitro anticancer activity of Pd(II) complexes of mono- and bis-pyrazolyl-s-triazine ligands. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Akkoç S. Design, synthesis, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxic activity evaluation of 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazole compounds. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senem Akkoç
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences Suleyman Demirel University Isparta Turkey
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32
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Hajalsiddig TTH, Osman ABM, Saeed AEM. 2D-QSAR Modeling and Molecular Docking Studies on 1 H-Pyrazole-1-carbothioamide Derivatives as EGFR Kinase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:18662-18674. [PMID: 32775868 PMCID: PMC7407542 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase has been commonly associated with cancers such as lung, ovarian, hormone-refractory prostate, metastatic colorectal, glioblastoma, pancreatic, and breast cancers. A series of 1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide derivatives and their EGFR inhibitory activities were subjected to two-dimensional (2D) quantitative structure-activity relationship (2D-QSAR) studies. The 2D-QSAR models were constructed based on a forward selection of partial least-squares (PLS) and stepwise multiple linear regression (SW-MLR) methods validated by leave-one-out (LOO) and external test set prediction approaches. The stepwise multiple linear regression (SW-MLR) method presented an encouraging result as compared to other methods. The results of the study indicated that the activity of 1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide derivatives as an EGFR kinase inhibitor was more influenced by adjacency distance matrix descriptors. The models were improved after outlier removal through the applicability domain. Based on the resultant models, 11 new compounds with high potency were designed as EGFR kinase inhibitors. Molecular docking studies were performed for designing compounds, and they were compared with erlotinib as a reference to predict their interactions in the active site and identify structural features necessary for producing biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawassl T. H. Hajalsiddig
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Sudan
University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abu Baker M. Osman
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science & Arts (Suratabidha), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E. M. Saeed
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Sudan
University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
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33
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Matiadis D, Sagnou M. Pyrazoline Hybrids as Promising Anticancer Agents: An Up-to-Date Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5507. [PMID: 32752126 PMCID: PMC7432644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrazolines are five-membered heterocycles possessing two adjacent nitrogens. They have attracted significant attention from organic and medicinal chemists due to their potent biological activities and the numerous possibilities for structural diversification. In the last decade, they have been intensively studied as targets for potential anticancer therapeutics, producing a steady yearly rise in the number of published research articles. Many pyrazoline derivatives have shown remarkable cytotoxic activities in the form of heterocyclic or non-heterocyclic based hybrids, such as with coumarins, triazoles, and steroids. The enormous amount of related literature in the last 5 years prompted us to collect all these published data from screening against cancer cell lines, or protein targets like EGFR and structure activity relationship studies. Therefore, in the present review, a comprehensive account of the compounds containing the pyrazoline nucleus will be provided. The chemical groups and the structural modifications responsible for the activity will be highlighted. Moreover, emphasis will be given on recent examples from the literature and on the work of research groups that have played a key role in the development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Matiadis
- National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Institute of Biosciences & Applications, 153 10 Athens, Greece;
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34
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Haoran W, Akhtar W, Nainwal LM, Kaushik SK, Akhter M, Shaquiquzzaman M, Alam MM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzimidazole pendant cyanopyrimidine derivatives as anticancer agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Haoran
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryAlwar College of Pharmacy Alwar India
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Sumit Kumar Kaushik
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchJamia Hamdard New Delhi India
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35
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Iqbal MA, Husain A, Alam O, Khan SA, Ahmad A, Haider MR, Alam MA. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazopyridine-linked thiazolidinone as potential anticancer agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000071. [PMID: 32627909 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two series of imidazopyridine-linked thiazolidinone rings (5a-h and 6a-h) constituting 16 new compounds were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of three human cancer cell lines, that is, MCF-7 (human breast cancer), A549 (human lung cancer), and DU145 (human prostate cancer). Three compounds, 5h, 6f, and 6h, exhibited remarkable results against all three cell lines, but compound 6h was found to be the most active one against the breast cancer cell line. Among all the synthesized compounds, 6h displayed the highest antioxidant results. Furthermore, the potent compounds 5h, 6f, and 6h showed no signs of toxicity at doses ranging from 50 to 500 mg/kg of animal body weight. The biochemical parameters (SGOT and SGPT) of compound 6h nearly matched the control in hepatotoxicity studies. The molecular docking and MM-GBSADG binding studies are in agreement with the in vitro anticancer and antioxidant activity results. The most promising compound 6h was found to have the highest docking score and binding energy, and its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters are in the acceptable range. Thus, it can be concluded that 6h, an imidazopyridine derivative endowed with a thiazolidinone ring system, has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Asif Husain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shah A Khan
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Health Information Technology, Jeddah Community College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
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Abdel-Motaal M, Almohawes K, Tantawy MA. Antimicrobial evaluation and docking study of some new substituted benzimidazole-2yl derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103972. [PMID: 32506017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles incorporated biologically active heterocycles such as quinoline, triazine-3-thione, thiazole and thiadiazole, were synthesized utilizing 2-acetylbenzimidazole as a building block. The structures of the newly synthesized benzimidazoles were assured by their spectral data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C- NMR and MS spectra). Most of the synthesized candidates were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus pumilus and antifungal activity against (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). As a result, 2-(2-(1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazineyl)-5-(furan-2-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (14) had the most potent inhibitory activity against all tested bacteria with no antifungal inhibition. Furthermore, to gain insight into the mode of action of the synthesized compounds as antibacterial agents, docking studies were performed for the synthesized compounds in order to evaluate their activity as anti-bacterial agents. Virtual screening of the most promising compounds was performed against two bacterial proteins (DNA gyrase subunit B, and penicillin binding protein 1a) that are known targets for some antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Abdel-Motaal
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Khozama Almohawes
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt; Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Sivaramakarthikeyan R, Iniyaval S, Saravanan V, Lim WM, Mai CW, Ramalingan C. Molecular Hybrids Integrated with Benzimidazole and Pyrazole Structural Motifs: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10089-10098. [PMID: 32391496 PMCID: PMC7203960 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of a series of benzimidazole-ornamented pyrazoles, 6a-6j has been obtained from arylhydrazine and aralkyl ketones via a multistep synthetic strategy. Among them, a hybrid-possessing para-nitrophenyl moiety connected to a pyrazole scaffold (6a) exerted the highest anti-inflammatory activity, which is superior to the standard, diclofenac sodium. While executing the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity, a hybrid-possessing para-bromophenyl unit integrated at the pyrazole structural motif (6i) exhibited the highest activity among the hybrids examined. Besides, evaluation of anticancer potency of the synthesized hybrids revealed that the one containing a para-fluorophenyl unit tethered at the pyrazole nucleus (6h) showed the highest activity against both the pancreatic cancer cells (SW1990 and AsPCl) investigated. Considerable binding affinity between B-cell lymphoma and the hybrid, 6h has been reflected while performing molecular docking studies (-8.65 kcal/mol). The outcomes of the investigation expose that these hybrids could be used as effective intermediates to construct more potent biological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Sivaramakarthikeyan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Krishnankoil 626 126, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Shunmugam Iniyaval
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Krishnankoil 626 126, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vadivel Saravanan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Krishnankoil 626 126, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Wei-Meng Lim
- School
of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit
Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chun-Wai Mai
- School
of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit
Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Center
for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research, Development
and Innovation (IRDI), International Medical
University, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chennan Ramalingan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education (Deemed to be University), Krishnankoil 626 126, Tamilnadu, India
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Djemoui A, Naouri A, Ouahrani MR, Djemoui D, Lahcene S, Lahrech MB, Boukenna L, Albuquerque HM, Saher L, Rocha DH, Monteiro FL, Helguero LA, Bachari K, Talhi O, Silva AM. A step-by-step synthesis of triazole-benzimidazole-chalcone hybrids: Anticancer activity in human cells+. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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39
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Synthesis, photophysical characterization, CASSCF/CASPT2 calculations and CT-DNA interaction study of amino and azido benzazole analogues. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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40
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Toxicological effects of some antiparasitic drugs on equine liver glutathione S-Transferase enzyme activity. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 180:113048. [PMID: 31887670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are antiparasitic drugs having an extensive application field like agriculture, medicine, and especially in veterinary medicine. In this study, we report the effect of some benzimidazole drugs such as ricobendazole (RBZ), thiabendazole (TBZ), albendazole (ALBA) and oxfendazole (OFZ) on glutathione s-transferase (GST) enzyme activity. The kinetics studies, IC50 and Ki values of the tested drugs on GSTs enzyme activity were investigated. The obtained ranking of IC50 values were found to be approximately RBZ (53.31 μM, r2: 0.9778) < OFZ (57.75 μM, r2: 0.9630) < ALBA (63.00 μM, r2: 0.9443) < TBZ (69.30 μM, r2: 0.9491). And the obtained ranking of Ki values of the tested drugs (RBZ, TBZ, ALBA, and OFZ) for GSTs enzyme activity was found to be approximately 26.37 ± 2.96, 44.01 ± 5.74, 39.82 ± 3.98 and 30.14 ± 3.03 μM, respectively. Experimental results showed that tested the benzimidazoles drugs have some significant inhibitory effect on GSTs enzyme activity. And also, it was determined that RBZ, ALBA, OFZ are competitive inhibition, but TBZ is non-competitive inhibitors on GSTs enzyme activity. RBZ drug showed the best inhibitory effect with the lowest Ki value.
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El-Faham A, Farooq M, Almarhoon Z, Alhameed RA, Wadaan MAM, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Di- and tri-substituted s-triazine derivatives: Synthesis, characterization, anticancer activity in human breast-cancer cell lines, and developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103397. [PMID: 31706684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we report on a small library based on a 4-aminobenzonitile-s-triazine moiety. We used a straightforward orthogonal synthetic pathway to prepare di- and tri-substituted s-triazine derivatives, whose basic structure was modified. The newly synthesized compounds were fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. They showed strong anticancer activity against two human breast cancer cell lines (MIDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), with IC50 values less than 1 µM. These s-triazine compounds were generally more selective towards hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cell line MCF-7 than the triple negative MDA-MB-231 cell line. Zebrafish embryos were used to test the developmental toxicity of the target compounds in vivo. The phenotype of embryos treated with the derivatives resembled that of those treated with estrogen disruptors. This observation strongly supports the notion that that these compounds induce their anticancer activity in human breast cancer cells via targeting the estrogen and progesterone receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Bioproducts Research Chair, College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakia Abd Alhameed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A M Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
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Abbas HAS, Abd El-Karim SS. Design, synthesis and anticervical cancer activity of new benzofuran–pyrazol-hydrazono- thiazolidin-4-one hybrids as potential EGFR inhibitors and apoptosis inducing agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:103035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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Wang M, Wu Y, Xu C, Zhao R, Huang Y, Zeng X, Chen T. Design and Synthesis of 2-(5-Phenylindol-3-yl)benzimidazole Derivatives with Antiproliferative Effects towards Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Activation of ROS-Mediated Mitochondria Dysfunction. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2648-2655. [PMID: 31144429 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivatives are widely studied because of their broad-spectrum biological activity, such as antitumor properties and excellent fluorescence performance. Herein, two types of 2-(5-phenylindol-3-yl)benzimidazole derivatives (1 a-1 h and 2 a-2 e) were rationally designed and synthesized. When these compounds were investigated in vitro anti-screening assays, we found that all of them possessed antitumor effect, in particular compound 1 b, which showed an outstanding antiproliferative effect on MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 ≈2.6 μm). A study of the drug action mechanisms in cells showed that the antitumor activity of the compounds is proportional to their lipophilicity and cellular uptake; the tested compounds all entered the lysosome of MDA-MB-231 cells and caused changes in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and then caused mitochondrial damage. Apparent differences in the ROS levels for each compound suggest that the lethality of these compounds towards MDA-MB-231 cells is closely related to the ROS levels. Taken together, this study not only provides a theoretical basis for 2-(5-phenylindol-3-yl)benzimidazole anticarcinogens but also offers new thinking on the rational design of next-generation antitumor benzimidazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yusheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cuifang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rucheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangchao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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44
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Farooq M, Sharma A, Almarhoon Z, Al-Dhfyan A, El-Faham A, Taha NA, Wadaan MAM, Torre BGDL, Albericio F. Design and synthesis of mono-and di-pyrazolyl-s-triazine derivatives, their anticancer profile in human cancer cell lines, and in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:457-464. [PMID: 30927586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
s-Triazine is considered a privileged structure, as it is found in several FDA-approved drugs. In the framework of our ongoing medicinal chemistry project based on the use of s-triazine as a scaffold, we synthesized a series of mono- and di-pyrazolyl-s-triazine derivatives and tested them against four human cancer cell lines, namely Human breast carcinoma (MCF 7 and MDA-MB-231), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), colorectal carcinoma (LoVo), and leukemia (K562). The cell viability assay revealed that most of the s-triazine compounds induced cytotoxicity in all four types of human cancer cell lines, however, compounds 4a, and 6g, both of them have a piperidine moiety in their structure were most effective. These two compounds affected the cell viability of cancer cells, with IC50 values within the range between 5 to 9 µM. The cell cycle analysis showed that 4a and 6g induced S and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in K562 cells. This could be the mechanism by which these molecules induced cytotoxicity in tested cancer cells. The prepared compounds were tested in zebrafish embryos to evaluate in vivo and developmental toxicity of the pyrazolyl-s-triazine derivatives in animals. None of the derivatives were lethal in the concentration range tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- Bioproducts Research Chair, College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anamika Sharma
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Zainab Almarhoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abudalla Al-Dhfyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Stem Cell & Tissue Re-Engineering, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.
| | - Nael Abu Taha
- Bioproducts Research Chair, College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A M Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa; KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 4001, South Africa; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franqués 1-11, Barcelona 08028, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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45
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Abdelhamid AO, Gomha SM. The Chemistry of Acetylpyrazoles and Its Utility in Heterocyclic Synthesis. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdou O. Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Cairo Giza 12613 Egypt
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Cairo Giza 12613 Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceIslamic University in Almadinah Almonawara Almadinah Almonawara 42351 Saudi Arabia
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Turan N, Özkay ÜD, Can NÖ, Can ÖD. Investigating the Antidepressant-like Effects of some Benzimidazolepiperidine Derivatives by In-Vivo Experimental Methods. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666181004103112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: Benzimidazole and piperidine rings are important pharmacophore groups
for drug design studies.
</P><P>
Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the antidepressant-like activity of some 2-(4-
substituted-phenyl)-1-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazole derivatives.
</P><P>
Methods: Tail-suspension Test (TST) and Modified Forced Swimming Tests (MFST) were used to
assess antidepressant-like activities of the test compounds. Moreover, locomotor activity performances
of the animals were evaluated by an activity cage device.
</P><P>
Results: In the TST and MFST, compounds 2c-2h (10 mg/kg) and the reference drug fluoxetine (20
mg/kg) significantly reduced the immobility time of mice indicating the antidepressant-like activities
of these compounds. Further, in MFST, the same compounds induced significant enhancement
in the duration of active swimming behaviors without affecting the climbing performance of the
animals. This prolongation in the swimming time, similar to fluoxetine, pointed out that antidepressant-
like activity of the compounds 2c-2h might be related to the serotonergic rather than noradrenergic
mechanisms. Besides, results of the activity cage tests demonstrated that none of the tested
compounds caused an alteration in the locomotor activities of mice, signifying that antidepressantlike
effects presented in this study were specific.
</P><P>
Conclusion: In conclusion, results of this present study supported the previous papers reporting the
therapeutic potential of compounds carrying benzimidazole and/or piperidine rings in their structure
and emphasized, once again, the importance of these pharmacophore groups in drug design studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Turan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ümide Demir Özkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nafiz Öncü Can
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Özgür Devrim Can
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Tokgöz G, Demir Özkay Ü, Osmaniye D, Turan Yücel N, Can ÖD, Kaplancıklı ZA. Synthesis of Novel Benzazole Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Antidepressant-Like Activities with Possible Underlying Mechanisms. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112881. [PMID: 30400609 PMCID: PMC6278502 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel benzazole derivative compounds 4a–4h were obtained by the reaction of corresponding 2-(benzazol-2-ylthio)acetohydrazide and appropriate 4-substituted benzaldehydes. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and LCMS spectroscopic methods. Antidepressant-like effects of the compounds were evaluated by tail suspension test (TST) and modified forced swimming tests (MFST). Moreover, locomotor activities of the animals were assessed by an activity cage apparatus. In the series, compounds 4a, 4b, 4e and 4f (at 50 mg/kg) significantly decreased the immobility time of mice in both of the TST and MFST. The same compounds prolonged the swimming time of animals in MFST without any change in the climbing duration. These data indicated that compounds 4a, 4b, 4e and 4f possess significant antidepressant-like activities. Moreover, pre-treatments with p-chloro-phenylalanine methyl ester (an inhibitor of serotonin synthesis), NAN-190 (a 5-HT1A antagonist), ketanserin (a 5-HT2A/2C antagonist), and ondansetron (a 5-HT3 antagonist) reversed the exhibited pharmacological effects. Results of the mechanistic studies suggested the involvement of serotonergic system and contributions of 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A/2C and 5-HT3 receptors to the antidepressant-like effects of compounds 4a, 4b, 4e and 4f. Furthermore, unchanged locomotor activity of mice following the administrations of these four derivatives confirmed that the presented antidepressant-like effects are specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Tokgöz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
| | - Ümide Demir Özkay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
- Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
| | - Nazlı Turan Yücel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
| | - Özgür Devrim Can
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey.
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48
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Moreno LM, Quiroga J, Abonia R, Ramírez-Prada J, Insuasty B. Synthesis of New 1,3,5-Triazine-Based 2-Pyrazolines as Potential Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2018; 23:E1956. [PMID: 30082588 PMCID: PMC6222643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 1,3,5-triazine-containing 2-pyrazoline derivatives (8⁻11)a⁻g was synthesized by cyclocondensation reactions of [(4,6-bis((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amine]chalcones 7a⁻g with hydrazine hydrate and derivatives. Chalcones 7a⁻g were obtained by Claisen-Schmidt condensation between aromatic aldehydes and triazinic derivative 5, which was synthesized in high yield by a microwave-assisted reaction. Seventeen of the synthesized compounds were selected and tested by the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) for their anticancer activity against 58 different human tumor cell lines. Compounds 7g and 10d,e,g showed important GI50 values ranging from 0.569 to 16.6 µM and LC50 values ranging from 5.15 to >100 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leydi M Moreno
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
| | - Jairo Quiroga
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics-CIBioFI, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Edificio 320, No. 1069, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
| | - Rodrigo Abonia
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics-CIBioFI, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Edificio 320, No. 1069, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
| | - Jonathan Ramírez-Prada
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
| | - Braulio Insuasty
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics-CIBioFI, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Edificio 320, No. 1069, A.A. 25360 Cali, Colombia.
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