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Coghi P, Li J, Hosmane NS, Zhu Y. Next generation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents for cancer treatment. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1809-1830. [PMID: 37102375 DOI: 10.1002/med.21964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is one of the most promising treatments among neutron capture therapies due to its long-term clinical application and unequivocally obtained success during clinical trials. Boron drug and neutron play an equivalent crucial role in BNCT. Nevertheless, current clinically used l-boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) suffer from large uptake dose and low blood to tumor selectivity, and that initiated overwhelm screening of next generation of BNCT agents. Various boron agents, such as small molecules and macro/nano-vehicles, have been explored with better success. In this featured article, different types of agents are rationally analyzed and compared, and the feasible targets are shared to present a perspective view for the future of BNCT in cancer treatment. This review aims at summarizing the current knowledge of a variety of boron compounds, reported recently, for the application of BCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Coghi
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Jinxin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Narayan S Hosmane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
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Mechetin GV, Zharkov DO. DNA Damage Response and Repair in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:127. [PMID: 36672868 PMCID: PMC9859301 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an approach to the radiotherapy of solid tumors that was first outlined in the 1930s but has attracted considerable attention recently with the advent of a new generation of neutron sources. In BNCT, tumor cells accumulate 10B atoms that react with epithermal neutrons, producing energetic α particles and 7Li atoms that damage the cell's genome. The damage inflicted by BNCT appears not to be easily repairable and is thus lethal for the cell; however, the molecular events underlying the action of BNCT remain largely unaddressed. In this review, the chemistry of DNA damage during BNCT is outlined, the major mechanisms of DNA break sensing and repair are summarized, and the specifics of the repair of BNCT-induced DNA lesions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory V. Mechetin
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry O. Zharkov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zaręba M, Sareło P, Kopaczyńska M, Białońska A, Uram Ł, Walczak M, Aebisher D, Wołowiec S. Mixed-Generation PAMAM G3-G0 Megamer as a Drug Delivery System for Nimesulide: Antitumor Activity of the Conjugate Against Human Squamous Carcinoma and Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20204998. [PMID: 31601050 PMCID: PMC6834146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20204998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxylated dendrimer was synthesized from poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer generation 3 by addition of glycidol (G3gl). G3gl megamer was further modified by binding PAMAM G0 dendrimers by activation of G3gl with p-nitrophenylchloroformate, followed by the addition of excess PAMAM G0 and purification using dialysis. The maximum G0 binding capacity of G3gl was 12 in the case when G0 was equipped with two covalently attached nimesulide equivalents. Nimesulide (N) was converted into N-(p-nitrophenyl) carbonate derivative and fully characterized using X-ray crystallography and spectral methods. Nimesulide was then attached to G0 via a urea bond to yield G02N. The mixed generation G3gl–G02N megamer was characterized using 1H NMR spectroscopy, and its molecular weight was estimated to be 22.4 kDa. The AFM image of G3gl–G02N deposited on mica demonstrated aggregation of nimesulide-covered megamer. The height of the deposited megamer was 8.5 nm. The megameric conjugate with nimesulide was tested in vitro on three human cell lines: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-15) and glioblastoma (U-118 MG) overexpressing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and normal skin fibroblasts (BJ). The conjugate efficiently penetrated into all cells and was more cytotoxic against SCC-15 than against BJ. Moreover, the conjugate produced a strong and selective antiproliferative effect on both cancer cell lines (IC50 < 7.5 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zaręba
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-939 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Przemysław Sareło
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Marta Kopaczyńska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agata Białońska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Uram
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-939 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Walczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-939 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - David Aebisher
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.
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Alak G, Ucar A, Yeltekin AÇ, Çomaklı S, Parlak V, Taş IH, Özkaraca M, Topal A, Kirman EM, Bolat İ, Atamanalp M, Türkez H. Neuroprotective effects of dietary borax in the brain tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to copper-induced toxicity. Fish Physiol Biochem 2018; 44:1409-1420. [PMID: 29959587 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the modulating effects of dietary borax on the pathways in rainbow trout brain exposed to copper. For this aim, a comprehensive assessment was performed including biochemical (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and caspase-3 levels) and transcriptional parameters (heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and cytochromes P450 (CYP1A), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), superoxide dismutase (sod), and catalase (cat)) parameters and immunohistochemically staining of 8-OHdG. Special fish feed diets were prepared for the trial. These diets contained different concentrations of borax (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg) and/or copper (500 and 1000 mg/kg) at the period of pre- and co-treatment strategies for 21 days. At the end of the treatment periods, brain tissue was sampled for each experimental group. As a result, the biochemical parameters were increased and AChE activity decreased in the copper and copper-combined groups in comparison with the control group and also with only borax applications (p < 0.05). We observed an increase or decrease in particular biochemical parameters for the borax group in every application and we established that borax had protective effect against copper toxicity by decreasing and/or increasing the relevant biochemical parameters in brain tissue of fish. The biochemical results of borax and its combinations corresponded to the observations of gene expression data, which similarly concluded that HSP70 and CYP1A genes were strongly induced by copper (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of the sod, cat, and gpx genes in the fish brains exposed to borax and the borax combination groups were significantly higher than the only copper-treated groups. In conclusion, borax supplementation provided significant protection against copper-induced neurotoxicity in trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Alak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Aslı Çilingir Yeltekin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yuzuncu Yıl, TR-65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Özkaraca
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Topal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Esra Manavoğlu Kirman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İsmail Bolat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Türkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, TR-25050, Erzurum, Turkey
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