1
|
Peng F, Liao M, Jin W, Liu W, Li Z, Fan Z, Zou L, Chen S, Zhu L, Zhao Q, Zhan G, Ouyang L, Peng C, Han B, Zhang J, Fu L. 2-APQC, a small-molecule activator of Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), alleviates myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:133. [PMID: 38744811 PMCID: PMC11094072 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is well known as a conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase located in the mitochondria that may regulate oxidative stress, catabolism and ATP production. Accumulating evidence has recently revealed that SIRT3 plays its critical roles in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial fibrosis and even heart failure (HF), through its deacetylation modifications. Accordingly, discovery of SIRT3 activators and elucidating their underlying mechanisms of HF should be urgently needed. Herein, we identified a new small-molecule activator of SIRT3 (named 2-APQC) by the structure-based drug designing strategy. 2-APQC was shown to alleviate isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis in vitro and in vivo rat models. Importantly, in SIRT3 knockout mice, 2-APQC could not relieve HF, suggesting that 2-APQC is dependent on SIRT3 for its protective role. Mechanically, 2-APQC was found to inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/ small mother against decapentaplegic 3 (Smad3) pathways to improve ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Based upon RNA-seq analyses, we demonstrated that SIRT3-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) axis was closely assoiated with HF. By activating PYCR1, 2-APQC was shown to enhance mitochondrial proline metabolism, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS)-p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway and thereby protecting against ISO-induced mitochondrialoxidative damage. Moreover, activation of SIRT3 by 2-APQC could facilitate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Parkin axis to inhibit ISO-induced necrosis. Together, our results demonstrate that 2-APQC is a targeted SIRT3 activator that alleviates myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis by regulating mitochondrial homeostasis, which may provide a new clue on exploiting a promising drug candidate for the future HF therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- West China School of Pharmacy and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenke Jin
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Wei Liu
- West China School of Pharmacy and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zixiang Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- West China School of Pharmacy and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ling Zou
- West China School of Pharmacy and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Gu Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- West China School of Pharmacy and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Leilei Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shao X, Zeng W, Wang Q, Liu S, Guo Q, Luo D, Luo Q, Wang D, Wang L, Zhang Y, Diao H, Piao S, Yan M, Guo J. Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) suppression of macrophage pyroptosis: Key to stabilizing rupture-prone plaques. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117705. [PMID: 38219878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the Chinese herbal formula Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) has demonstrated its effectiveness in treating hyperlipidemia and glycolipid metabolic disorders. Additionally, FTZ has shown inhibitory effects on oxidative stress, regulation of lipid metabolism, and reduction of inflammation in these conditions. However, the precise mechanisms through which FTZ modulates macrophage function in atherosclerosis remain incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether FTZ can effectively stabilize rupture-prone plaques by suppressing macrophage pyroptosis and impeding the development of M1 macrophage polarization in ApoE-/- mice. METHODS To assess the impact of FTZ on macrophage function and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, we orally administered FTZ at a dosage of 1.2 g/kg body weight daily for 14 weeks. Levels of interleukin-18 and interleukin-1β were quantified using ELISA kits to gauge FTZ's influence on inflammation. Total cholesterol content was measured with a Cholesterol Assay Kit to evaluate FTZ's effect on lipid metabolism. Aortic tissues were stained with Oil Red O, and immunohistochemistry techniques were applied to assess atherosclerotic lesions and plaque stability. To evaluate the effects of FTZ on macrophage pyroptosis and oxidative damage, immunofluorescence staining was utilized. Additionally, we conducted an analysis of protein and mRNA expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes and macrophage polarization-related genes using RT-PCR and western blotting techniques. RESULTS This study illustrates the potential therapeutic effectiveness of FTZ in mitigating the severity of atherosclerosis and improving serum lipid profiles by inhibiting inflammation. The observed enhancements in atherosclerosis severity and inflammation can be attributed to the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activity and M1 polarization by FTZ. CONCLUSION The current findings indicate that FTZ provides protection against atherosclerosis, positioning it as a promising candidate for novel therapies targeting atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Shao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wenru Zeng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Suping Liu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qiaoling Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Duosheng Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qingmao Luo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lexun Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hongtao Diao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shenghua Piao
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Meiling Yan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (Institute of Chinese Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liao YW, Yu CC, Hsieh CW, Chao SC, Hsieh PL. Aberrantly downregulated FENDRR by arecoline elevates ROS and myofibroblast activation via mitigating the miR-214/MFN2 axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130504. [PMID: 38442830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA FENDRR possesses both anti-fibrotic and anti-cancer properties, but its significance in the development of premalignant oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) remains unclear. Here, we showed that FENDRR was downregulated in OSF specimens and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs), and overexpression of FENDRR mitigated various myofibroblasts hallmarks, and vice versa. In the course of investigating the mechanism underlying the implication of FENDRR in myofibroblast transdifferentiation, we found that FENDRR can directly bind to miR-214 and exhibit its suppressive effect on myofibroblast activation via titrating miR-214. Moreover, we showed that mitofusin 2 (MFN2), a protein that is crucial to the fusion of mitochondria, was a direct target of miR-214. Our data suggested that FENDRR was positively correlated with MFN2 and MFN2 was required for the inhibitory property of FENDRR pertaining to myofibroblast phenotypes. Additionally, our results showed that the FENDRR/miR-214 axis participated in the arecoline-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Building on these results, we concluded that the aberrant downregulation of FENDRR in OSF may be associated with chronic exposure to arecoline, leading to upregulation of ROS and myofibroblast activation via the miR-214-mediated suppression of MFN2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan M, Liu S, Zeng W, Guo Q, Mei Y, Shao X, Su L, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Wang L, Diao H, Rong X, Guo J. The Chinese herbal medicine Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating cardiac abnormal lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics in diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114919. [PMID: 37302318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important complication leading to the death of patients with diabetes, but there is no effective strategy for clinical treatments. Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi (FTZ) is a patent medicine that is a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation with comprehensive effects for the prevention and treatment of glycolipid metabolic diseases under the guidance of "modulating liver, starting pivot and cleaning turbidity". FTZ was proposed by Professor Guo Jiao and is used for the clinical treatment of hyperlipidemia. This study was designed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of FTZ on heart lipid metabolism dysfunction and mitochondrial dynamics disorder in mice with DCM, and it provides a theoretical basis for the myocardial protective effect of FTZ in diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that FTZ protected heart function in DCM mice and downregulated the overexpression of free fatty acids (FFAs) uptake-related proteins cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). Moreover, FTZ treatment showed a regulatory effect on mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting mitochondrial fission and promoting mitochondrial fusion. We also identified in vitro that FTZ could restore lipid metabolism-related proteins, mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins and mitochondrial energy metabolism in PA-treated cardiomyocytes. Our study indicated that FTZ improves the cardiac function of diabetic mice by attenuating the increase in fasting blood glucose levels, inhibiting the decrease in body weight, alleviating disordered lipid metabolism, and restoring mitochondrial dynamics and myocardial apoptosis in diabetic mouse hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suping Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenru Zeng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiaoling Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Mei
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoqi Shao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liyan Su
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhou Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lexun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongtao Diao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang R, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li M, Meng Y, Wang J, Wen X, Yu J, Chang P. Grpel2 maintains cardiomyocyte survival in diabetic cardiomyopathy through DLST-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction: a proof-of-concept study. J Transl Med 2023; 21:200. [PMID: 36927450 PMCID: PMC10021968 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been considered as a major threat to health in individuals with diabetes. GrpE-like 2 (Grpel2), a nucleotide exchange factor, has been shown to regulate mitochondrial import process to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. However, the effect and mechanism of Grpel2 in DCM remain unknown. METHODS The streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DCM mice model and high glucose (HG)-treated cardiomyocytes were established. Overexpression of cardiac-specific Grpel2 was performed by intramyocardial injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9). Bioinformatics analysis, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), transcriptomics profiling and functional experiments were used to explore molecular mechanism of Grpel2 in DCM. RESULTS Here, we found that Grpel2 was decreased in DCM induced by STZ. Overexpression of cardiac-specific Grpel2 alleviated cardiac dysfunction and structural remodeling in DCM. In both diabetic hearts and HG-treated cardiomyocytes, Grpel2 overexpression attenuated apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, including decreased mitochondrial ROS production, increased mitochondrial respiratory capacities and increased mitochondrial membrane potential. Mechanistically, Grpel2 interacted with dihydrolipoyl succinyltransferase (DLST), which positively mediated the import process of DLST into mitochondria under HG conditions. Furthermore, the protective effects of Grpel2 overexpression on mitochondrial function and cell survival were blocked by siRNA knockdown of DLST. Moreover, Nr2f6 bond to the Grpel2 promoter region and positively regulated its transcription. CONCLUSION Our study provides for the first time evidence that Grpel2 overexpression exerts a protective effect against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in DCM by maintaining the import of DLST into mitochondria. These findings suggest that targeting Grpel2 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Cardiology, The 989th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, 2 Huaxia West Road, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yingfan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuancui Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianbang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The 989th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, 2 Huaxia West Road, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Clinical Experimental Center, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710100, China.
| | - Pan Chang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Traditional Uses, Phytochemical Composition, Pharmacological Properties, and the Biodiscovery Potential of the Genus Cirsium. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are rich in phytochemicals, which have been used as a source of raw material in medicine since ancient times. Presently they are mostly used to treat Henoch–Schonlein purpura, hemoptysis, and bleeding. The manuscript covers the classification, traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, herbal formulations, and patents of Cirsium. The main goal of this review is to impart recent information to facilitate future comprehensive research and use of Cirsium for the development of therapeutics. We investigated numerous databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, Elsevier, Taylor and Francis imprints, and books on ethnopharmacology. The plants of the genus Cirsium of the family Asteraceae contain 350 species across the world. Phytochemical investigations showed that it contains flavonoids, phenols, polyacetylenes, and triterpenoids. The biological potential of this plant is contributed by these secondary metabolites. Cirsium plants are an excellent and harmless agent for the cure of liver diseases; therefore, they might be a good clinical option for the development of therapeutics for hepatic infections. The phytochemical studies of different Cirsium species and their renowned pharmacological activities could be exploited for pharmaceutic product development. Furthermore, studies are required on less known Cirsium species, particularly on the elucidation of the mode of action of their activities.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang R, Zhang X, Xing P, Zhang S, Zhang F, Wang J, Yu J, Zhu X, Chang P. Grpel2 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting MCU-mediated mitochondrial calcium overload. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 609:169-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
8
|
Xu H, Liu YY, Li LS, Liu YS. Sirtuins at the Crossroads between Mitochondrial Quality Control and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Structure, Regulation, Modifications, and Modulators. Aging Dis 2022; 14:794-824. [PMID: 37191431 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzymes, are key regulators of life span and metabolism. In addition to acting as deacetylates, some sirtuins have the properties of deacylase, decrotonylase, adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, lipoamidase, desuccinylase, demalonylase, deglutarylase, and demyristolyase. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs early on and acts causally in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Sirtuins are implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial quality control, which is highly associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. There is growing evidence indicating that sirtuins are promising and well-documented molecular targets for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders by regulating mitochondrial quality control, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics, and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (mtUPR). Therefore, elucidation of the molecular etiology of sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control points to new prospects for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control remain obscure. In this review, we update and summarize the current understanding of the structure, function, and regulation of sirtuins with an emphasis on the cumulative and putative effects of sirtuins on mitochondrial biology and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly their roles in mitochondrial quality control. In addition, we outline the potential therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative diseases of targeting sirtuin-mediated mitochondrial quality control through exercise training, calorie restriction, and sirtuin modulators in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|