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1
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Tauil RB, Golono PT, de Lima EP, de Alvares Goulart R, Guiguer EL, Bechara MD, Nicolau CCT, Yanaguizawa Junior JL, Fiorini AMR, Méndez-Sánchez N, Abenavoli L, Direito R, Valente VE, Laurindo LF, Barbalho SM. Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: The Influence of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Mitochondrial Dysfunctions, and the Role of Polyphenols. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1354. [PMID: 39458995 PMCID: PMC11510109 DOI: 10.3390/ph17101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Revised: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a clinical-pathological scenario that occurs due to the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes which is considered a significant cause of liver conditions and contributes to an increased risk of death worldwide. Even though the possible causes of MAFLD can involve the interaction of genetics, hormones, and nutrition, lifestyle (diet and sedentary lifestyle) is the most influential factor in developing this condition. Polyphenols comprise many natural chemical compounds that can be helpful in managing metabolic diseases. Therefore, the aim of this review was to investigate the impact of oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of polyphenols in managing MAFLD. Some polyphenols can reverse part of the liver damage related to inflammation, oxidative stress, or mitochondrial dysfunction, and among them are anthocyanin, baicalin, catechin, curcumin, chlorogenic acid, didymin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, luteolin, mangiferin, puerarin, punicalagin, resveratrol, and silymarin. These compounds have actions in reducing plasma liver enzymes, body mass index, waist circumference, adipose visceral indices, lipids, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, and the HOMA index. They also reduce nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), blood pressure, liver fat content, steatosis index, and fibrosis. On the other hand, they can improve HDL-c, adiponectin levels, and fibrogenesis markers. These results show that polyphenols are promising in the prevention and treatment of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Bulaty Tauil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Takano Golono
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enzo Pereira de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Alvares Goulart
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dib Bechara
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia C. T. Nicolau
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Yanaguizawa Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana M. R. Fiorini
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City 14050, Mexico;
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ludovico Abenavoli
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical and Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa (iMed.ULisboa), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Vitor Engrácia Valente
- Autonomic Nervous System Center, School of Philosophy and Sciences, São Paulo State University, Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Coordination, UNIMAR Charity Hospital, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, São Paulo, Brazil
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Piras L, Zuccanti M, Russo P, Riccio F, Agresti A, Lustri C, Dardani D, Ferrera A, Fiorentini V, Tocci G, Tini Melato G, Volpe M, Barbato E, Battistoni A. Association between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Another Brick in the Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2502. [PMID: 38473748 PMCID: PMC10931678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly changed the field of oncology, emerging as first-line treatment, either alone or in combination with other regimens, for numerous malignancies, improving overall survival and progression-free survival in these patients. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors might also cause severe or fatal immune-related adverse events, including adverse cardiovascular events. Initially, myocarditis was recognized as the main immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiac event, but our knowledge of other potential immune-related cardiovascular adverse events continues to broaden. Recently, preclinical and clinical data seem to support an association between immune checkpoint inhibitors and accelerated atherosclerosis as well as atherosclerotic cardiovascular events such as cardiac ischemic disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. In this review, by offering a comprehensive overview of the pivotal role of inflammation in atherosclerosis, we focus on the potential molecular pathways underlying the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, we provide an overview of therapeutic strategies for cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy to prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Piras
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Michela Zuccanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Paola Russo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Francesca Riccio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Antonio Agresti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Camilla Lustri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Domenico Dardani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Armando Ferrera
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Fiorentini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Giuliano Tocci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Giacomo Tini Melato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
| | - Allegra Battistoni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (L.P.); (M.Z.); (P.R.); (F.R.); (A.A.); (C.L.); (D.D.); (A.F.); (V.F.); (G.T.); (G.T.M.); (M.V.); (E.B.)
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Macvanin MT, Gluvic ZM, Klisic AN, Manojlovic MS, Suri JS, Rizzo M, Isenovic ER. The Link between miRNAs and PCKS9 in Atherosclerosis. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:6926-6956. [PMID: 37990898 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673262124231102042914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CDV) represents the major cause of death globally. Atherosclerosis, as the primary cause of CVD, is a chronic immune-inflammatory disorder with complex multifactorial pathophysiology encompassing oxidative stress, enhanced immune-inflammatory cascade, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombosis. An initiating event in atherosclerosis is the subendothelial accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), followed by the localization of macrophages to fatty deposits on blood vessel walls, forming lipid-laden macrophages (foam cells) that secrete compounds involved in plaque formation. Given the fact that foam cells are one of the key culprits that underlie the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, special attention has been paid to the investigation of the efficient therapeutic approach to overcome the dysregulation of metabolism of cholesterol in macrophages, decrease the foam cell formation and/or to force its degradation. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a secretory serine proteinase that has emerged as a significant regulator of the lipid metabolism pathway. PCSK9 activation leads to the degradation of LDL receptors (LDLRs), increasing LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the circulation. PCSK9 pathway dysregulation has been identified as one of the mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis. In addition, microRNAs (miRNAs) are investigated as important epigenetic factors in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and dysregulation of lipid metabolism. This review article summarizes the recent findings connecting the role of PCSK9 in atherosclerosis and the involvement of various miRNAs in regulating the expression of PCSK9-related genes. We also discuss PCSK9 pathway-targeting therapeutic interventions based on PCSK9 inhibition, and miRNA levels manipulation by therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran M Gluvic
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, School of Medicine, University Clinical-Hospital Centre Zemun-Belgrade, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra N Klisic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Laboratory Diagnostic, Primary Health Care Center, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Mia S Manojlovic
- Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Monitoring and Diagnostic Division, Athero- Point™, Roseville, CA95661, USA
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Medicine, Mother and Child Care and Medical Specialties (Promise), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Zou J. Site-specific delivery of cisplatin and paclitaxel mediated by liposomes: A promising approach in cancer chemotherapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117111. [PMID: 37734579 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The site-specific delivery of drugs, especially anti-cancer drugs has been an interesting field for researchers and the reason is low accumulation of cytotoxic drugs in cancer cells. Although combination cancer therapy has been beneficial in providing cancer drug sensitivity, targeted delivery of drugs appears to be more efficient. One of the safe, biocompatible and efficient nano-scale delivery systems in anti-cancer drug delivery is liposomes. Their particle size is small and they have other properties such as adjustable physico-chemical properties, ease of functionalization and high entrapment efficiency. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy drug with clinical approval in patients, but its accumulation in cancer cells is low due to lack of targeted delivery and repeated administration results in resistance development. Gene and drug co-administration along with cisplatin/paclitaxel have resulted in increased sensitivity in tumor cells, but there is still space for more progress in cancer therapy. The delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel by liposomes increases accumulation of drug in tumor cells and impairs activity of efflux pumps in promoting cytotoxicity. Moreover, phototherapy along with cisplatin/paclitaxel delivery can increase potential in tumor suppression. Smart nanoparticles including pH-sensitive nanoparticles provide site-specific delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel. The functionalization of liposomes can be performed by ligands to increase targetability towards tumor cells in mediating site-specific delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel. Finally, liposomes can mediate co-delivery of cisplatin/paclitaxel with drugs or genes in potentiating tumor suppression. Since drug resistance has caused therapy failure in cancer patients, and cisplatin/paclitaxel are among popular chemotherapy drugs, delivery of these drugs mediates targeted suppression of cancers and prevents development of drug resistance. Because of biocompatibility and safety of liposomes, they are currently used in clinical trials for treatment of cancer patients. In future, the optimal dose of using liposomes and optimal concentration of loading cisplatin/paclitaxel on liposomal nanocarriers in clinical trials should be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Fernandes Q, Therachiyil L, Khan AQ, Bedhiafi T, Korashy HM, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Shrinking the battlefield in cancer therapy: Nanotechnology against cancer stem cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 191:106586. [PMID: 37729956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, presenting a significant healthcare challenge owing to the limited efficacy of current treatments. The application of nanotechnology in cancer treatment leverages the unique optical, magnetic, and electrical attributes of nanomaterials to engineer innovative, targeted therapies. Specifically, manipulating nanomaterials allows for enhanced drug loading efficiency, improved bioavailability, and targeted delivery systems, reducing the non-specific cytotoxic effects characteristic of conventional chemotherapies. Furthermore, recent advances in nanotechnology have demonstrated encouraging results in specifically targeting CSCs, a key development considering the role of these cells in disease recurrence and resistance to treatment. Despite these breakthroughs, the clinical approval rates of nano-drugs have not kept pace with research advances, pointing to existing obstacles that must be addressed. In conclusion, nanotechnology presents a novel, powerful tool in the fight against cancer, particularly in targeting the elusive and treatment-resistant CSCs. This comprehensive review delves into the intricacies of nanotherapy, explicitly targeting cancer stem cells, their markers, and associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queenie Fernandes
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Translational Cancer Research Facility, Hamad Medical Corporation, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, PO. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Translational Research Institute, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Translational Research Institute, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Takwa Bedhiafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Dermatology Institute, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 22602, India.
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Gogula S, Prasanna DV, Thumma V, Misra S, Lincoln CA, Reddy PM, Hu A, Subbareddy BV. Efficient Green Synthesis, Anticancer Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies of Indolemethanes Using a Bioglycerol-Based Carbon Sulfonic Acid Catalyst. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36401-36411. [PMID: 37810649 PMCID: PMC10552104 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Indolemethane derivatives are significant molecules in the study of N-heterocyclic chemistry. Herein, we designed and developed a highly efficient green synthesis of indolemethane compounds using a recyclable biodegradable glycerol-based carbon solid acid catalyst under solvent-free conditions at room temperature for 5 min with excellent yields. The synthesized compounds were subjected to cytotoxic activity against prostate (DU145), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and melanoma (B16) cell lines. The highest cytotoxicity effects were found with 1k (1.09 μM) and 1c (2.02 μM) against DU145, followed by 1a, 1d, 1f, 1n, and 1m between 5.10 and 8.18 μM concentrations. The anticancer activity is validated using molecular docking simulations, and comparing binding energies with the standard drug doxorubicin suggests that the title compounds are well fitted into the active site pocket of the target molecules..
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailam
Sri Gogula
- Department
of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Center
for Semiochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Dasari Vijaya Prasanna
- Center
for Semiochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Vishnu Thumma
- Department
of Science and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering
College, Hyderabad 500059, India
| | - Sunil Misra
- Department
of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ch. Abraham Lincoln
- Department
of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - P. Muralidhar Reddy
- Department
of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Anren Hu
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - B. V. Subbareddy
- Center
for Semiochemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Feng M, Dai X, Yang C, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Qu Q, Sheng M, Li Z, Peng X, Cen S, Shi X. Unification of medicines and excipients: The roles of natural excipients for promoting drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:597-620. [PMID: 37150753 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2210835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug delivery systems (DDSs) formed by natural active compounds be instrumental in developing new green excipients and novel DDS from natural active compounds (NACs). 'Unification of medicines and excipients'(UME), the special inherent nature of the natural active compounds, provides the inspiration and conduction to achieve this goal. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the typical types of NACs from herbal medicine, such as saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, etc. that act as excipients and their main application in DDS. The comparison of the drug delivery systems formed by NACs and common materials and the primary formation mechanisms of these NACs are also introduced to provide a deepened understanding of their performance in DDS. EXPERT OPINION Many natural bioactive compounds, such as saponins, polysaccharides, etc. have been used in DDS. Diversity of structure and pharmacological effects of NACs turn out the unique advantages in improving the performance of DDSs like targeting ability, adhesion, encapsulation efficiency(EE), etc. and enhancing the bioavailability of loaded drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfang Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Production Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiting Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Tian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengke Sheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhui Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Cen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyuan Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Production Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing, China
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Huang Y, Li C, Zhang X, Zhang M, Ma Y, Qin D, Tang S, Fei W, Qin J. Nanotechnology-integrated ovarian cancer metastasis therapy: Insights from the metastatic mechanisms into administration routes and therapy strategies. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122827. [PMID: 36925023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a kind of malignant tumour which locates in the pelvic cavity without typical clinical symptoms in the early stages. Most patients are diagnosed in the late stage while about 60 % of them have suffered from the cancer cells spreading in the abdominal cavity. The high recurrence rate and mortality seriously damage the reproductive needs and health of women. Although recent advances in therapeutic regimes and other adjuvant therapies improved the overall survival of ovarian cancer, overcoming metastasis has still been a challenge and is necessary for achieving cure of ovarian cancer. To present potential targets and new strategies for curbing the occurrence of ovarian metastasis and the treatment of ovarian cancer after metastasis, the first section of this paper explained the metastatic mechanisms of ovarian cancer comprehensively. Nanomedicine, not limited to drug delivery, offers opportunities for metastatic ovarian cancer therapy. The second section of this paper emphasized the advantages of various administration routes of nanodrugs in metastatic ovarian cancer therapy. Furthermore, the third section of this paper focused on advances in nanotechnology-integrated strategies for targeting metastatic ovarian cancer based on the metastatic mechanisms of ovarian cancer. Finally, the challenges and prospects of nanotherapeutics for ovarian cancer metastasis therapy were evaluated. In general, the greatest emphasis on using nanotechnology-based strategies provides avenues for improving metastatic ovarian cancer outcomes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yidan Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Yipeng Medical Care Center, Hangzhou 311225, China
| | - Dongxu Qin
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Sangsang Tang
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jiale Qin
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Mishra S, Bhatt T, Kumar H, Jain R, Shilpi S, Jain V. Nanoconstructs for theranostic application in cancer: Challenges and strategies to enhance the delivery. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1101320. [PMID: 37007005 PMCID: PMC10050349 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoconstructs are made up of nanoparticles and ligands, which can deliver the loaded cargo at the desired site of action. Various nanoparticulate platforms have been utilized for the preparation of nanoconstructs, which may serve both diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. Nanoconstructs are mostly used to overcome the limitations of cancer therapies, such as toxicity, nonspecific distribution of the drug, and uncontrolled release rate. The strategies employed during the design of nanoconstructs help improve the efficiency and specificity of loaded theranostic agents and make them a successful approach for cancer therapy. Nanoconstructs are designed with a sole purpose of targeting the requisite site, overcoming the barriers which hinders its right placement for desired benefit. Therefore, instead of classifying modes for delivery of nanoconstructs as actively or passively targeted systems, they are suitably classified as autonomous and nonautonomous types. At large, nanoconstructs offer numerous benefits, however they suffer from multiple challenges, too. Hence, to overcome such challenges computational modelling methods and artificial intelligence/machine learning processes are being explored. The current review provides an overview on attributes and applications offered by nanoconstructs as theranostic agent in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Tanvi Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Rupshee Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Satish Shilpi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical and Populations Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vikas Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
- *Correspondence: Vikas Jain,
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PCSK9 Inhibitors in Cancer Patients Treated with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors to Reduce Cardiovascular Events: New Frontiers in Cardioncology. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051397. [PMID: 36900189 PMCID: PMC10000232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are exposed to a high risk of atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic diseases due to systemic inflammatory conditions and immune-related atheroma destabilization. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a key protein involved in metabolism of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. PCSK9 blocking agents are clinically available and involve monoclonal antibodies, and SiRNA reduces LDL levels in high-risk patients and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events in multiple patient cohorts. Moreover, PCSK9 induces peripheral immune tolerance (inhibition of cancer cell- immune recognition), reduces cardiac mitochondrial metabolism, and enhances cancer cell survival. The present review summarizes the potential benefits of PCSK9 inhibition through selective blocking antibodies and siRNA in patients with cancer, especially in those treated with ICIs therapies, in order to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular events and potentially improve ICIs-related anticancer functions.
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