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Cubides D, Guimerà X, Jubany I, Gamisans X. A review: Biological technologies for nitrogen monoxide abatement. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137147. [PMID: 36347354 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen oxides (NOx), including nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), are among the most important global atmospheric pollutants because they have a negative impact on human respiratory health, animals, and the environment through the greenhouse effect and ozone layer destruction. NOx compounds are predominantly generated by anthropogenic activities, which involve combustion processes such as energy production, transportation, and industrial activities. The most widely used alternatives for NOx abatement on an industrial scale are selective catalytic and non-catalytic reductions; however, these alternatives have high costs when treating large air flows with low pollutant concentrations, and most of these methods generate residues that require further treatment. Therefore, biotechnologies that are normally used for wastewater treatment (based on nitrification, denitrification, anammox, microalgae, and combinations of these) are being investigated for flue gas treatment. Most of such investigations have focused on chemical absorption and biological reduction (CABR) systems using different equipment configurations, such as biofilters, rotating reactors, or membrane reactors. This review summarizes the current state of these biotechnologies available for NOx treatment, discusses and compares the use of different microorganisms, and analyzes the experimental performance of bioreactors used for NOx emission control, both at the laboratory scale and in industrial settings, to provide an overview of proven technical solutions and biotechnologies for NOx treatment. Additionally, a comparative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages is performed, and special challenges for biological technologies for NO abatement are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cubides
- Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering (EMIT), Biological Treatment of Gaseous Pollutants and Odours Group (BIOGAP), Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08242 Manresa, Spain; Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Sustainability Area, Plaça de la Ciència, 2, Manresa 08242, Spain
| | - Xavier Guimerà
- Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering (EMIT), Biological Treatment of Gaseous Pollutants and Odours Group (BIOGAP), Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08242 Manresa, Spain.
| | - Irene Jubany
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Sustainability Area, Plaça de la Ciència, 2, Manresa 08242, Spain
| | - Xavier Gamisans
- Department of Mining, Industrial and ICT Engineering (EMIT), Biological Treatment of Gaseous Pollutants and Odours Group (BIOGAP), Manresa School of Engineering (EPSEM), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08242 Manresa, Spain
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Li W, Yue H, Zhang C, Hu J, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang S, Chen J, Zhao J. Engineering multiscale polypyrrole/carbon nanotubes interface to boost electron utilization in a bioelectrochemical system coupled with chemical absorption for NO removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134943. [PMID: 35569635 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The chemical absorption-bioelectrochemical reduction (CABER) integrated system provides an alternative of good potential for NO removal. The efficient utilization of cathode electrons directly determines the system performance and operating cost. Herein, we synthesize a polypyrrole/carbon nanotubes (PPy/CNTs) composite to engineer a micro-and nanoscale interface with low resistance and high biocompatibility between the cathode and biofilms in the CABER system. The resulting PPy/CNTs biocathodes exhibit 36.4% increase in biomass density, 40.7%-302.6% increase in Faraday efficiency along Fe(III)EDTA reduction, and 204% increase in Fe(II)EDTA-NO reduction rate. The enrichment of functional microorganisms is validated to be a key strengthening factor, as the proportion of which increased from 57.9% to 84.6%. Moreover, for efficient electron transfer and utilization, a low-resistance electron transfer route, "electrode substrate → PPy (→ CNTs) → microbial cells → Fe(III)EDTA or Fe(II)EDTA-NO", is realized in the multiscale conductive networks constructed of PPy/CNTs composite and microbial nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Huanyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Junyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yuanming Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jianmeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jingkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
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Yang JR, Wang Y, Chen H, Ren RP, Lv YK. A new approach for the effective removal of NO x from flue gas by using an integrated system of oxidation-absorption-biological reduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124109. [PMID: 33049641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new process of NOx removal from flue gas, using an integrated system of oxidation-absorption-biological reduction (OABR), is introduced. The experimental results show that increasing the NOx oxidation ratio in flue gas can effectively improve the NOx removal efficiency of the OABR system. The NOx removal efficiency could reach 98.8% with 0.02 M NaHCO3 as the chemical absorbent and under the condition of the optimal NOx oxidation ratio of 50%. During stable operation, the OABR system could maintain a high NOx removal efficiency (above 94%) under the following conditions: 1-8 vol% (104-8 × 104 ppmv) O2, 200-800 ppmv NOx, 0.5-1.5 L/min gas flow rate and 100-800 ppmv SO2. The nitrogen equilibrium results showed that about 59% of the nitrogen in the inlet NOx were transformed to N2 through microbial denitrification, 37% of the nitrogen were converted to biological nitrogen for microbial growth, and only 1.1% of the nitrogen remained in the liquid phase. This new approach has an excellent NOx removal performance and great potential for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Hu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui-Peng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yong-Kang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China.
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4
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Guo T, Zhang C, Zhao J, Ma C, Li S, Li W. Evaluation of polypyrrole-modified bioelectrodes in a chemical absorption-bioelectrochemical reduction integrated system for NO removal. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13030. [PMID: 31506560 PMCID: PMC6737099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A Chemical absorption-bioelectrochemical reduction (CABER) system is based on Chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) system, which aims at NO removal and has been studied in many of our previous works. In this paper, we applied polypyrrole (PPy) on the electrode of bioelectrochemical reactor (BER) of CABER system, which induced a much higher current density in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve for the electrode itself and better NO removal rate in the system. In addition, a Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) is constructed to study its strengthening mechanism. Results shows that PPy-MEC has a greater Faraday efficiency and higher reduction rate of Fe(III)EDTA and Fe(II)EDTA-NO in the solution when compared to original Carbon MEC, which confirms the advantage of PPy-modified electrode(s) in the CABER system. The results of this study are reported for illustration of potential of CABER technology and design of low-cost high-efficiency NOx control equipment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jingkai Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Cunhao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Sujing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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5
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Yao J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen M, Huang Y, Cao J, Ho W, Lee SC. Enhanced photocatalytic removal of NO over titania/hydroxyapatite (TiO2/HAp) composites with improved adsorption and charge mobility ability. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A 75% TiO2/HAp composite photocatalyst with excellent NO removal efficiency was successfully synthesized. The photocatalytic improvement mechanism was investigated systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics
- Institute of Earth Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Yawen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Taiyuan University of Technology
- Taiyuan 030024
- China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering
- Xi'an jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Yu Huang
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics
- Institute of Earth Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Junji Cao
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics
- Institute of Earth Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xi'an 710061
- China
| | - Wingkei Ho
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies
- The Education University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong
- China
| | - Shun Cheng Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Hong Kong
- China
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Zhao J, Xia Y, Li M, Li S, Li W, Zhang S. A Biophysicochemical Model for NO Removal by the Chemical Absorption-Biological Reduction Integrated Process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8705-8712. [PMID: 27442232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) integrated process is regarded as a promising technology for NOx removal from flue gas. To advance the scale-up of the CABR process, a mathematic model based on mass transfer with reaction in the gas, liquid, and biofilm was developed to simulate and predict the NOx removal by the CABR system in a biotrickling filter. The developed model was validated by the experimental results and subsequently was used to predict the system performance under different operating conditions, such as NO and O2 concentration and gas and liquid flow rate. NO distribution in the gas phase along the biotrickling filter was also modeled and predicted. On the basis of the modeling results, the liquid flow rate and total iron concentration were optimized to achieve >90% NO removal efficiency. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis of the model revealed that the performance of the CABR process was controlled by the bioreduction activity of Fe(III)EDTA. This work will provide the guideline for the design and operation of the CABR process in the industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yinfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Meifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sujing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University , Yuquan Campus, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310032, China
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Xia Y, Zhao J, Li M, Zhang S, Li S, Li W. Bioelectrochemical Reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO in a Biofilm Electrode Reactor: Performance, Mechanism, and Kinetics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:3846-3851. [PMID: 26900881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A biofilm electrode reactor (BER) is proposed to effectively regenerate Fe(II)EDTA, a solvent for NOx removal from flue gas, from Fe(II)EDTA-NO, a spent solution. In this study, the performance, mechanism, and kinetics of the bioelectrochemical reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO were investigated. The pathways of Fe(II)EDTA-NO reduction were investigated via determination of nitrogen element balance in the BER and an abiotic electrode reactor. The experimental results indicate that the chelated NO (Fe(II)EDTA-NO) is reduced to N2 with N2O as an intermediate. However, the oxidation of NO occurred in the absence of Fe(II)EDTA in abiotic reactors. Furthermore, the accumulation of N2O was suppressed with the help of electricity. The preponderant electron donor for reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO was also confirmed via analysis of the electron conservation. About 87% of Fe(II)EDTA-NO was reduced using Fe(II)EDTA as the electron donor in the presence of both glucose and cathode electrons while the cathode electrons were utilized for the reduction of Fe(III)EDTA to Fe(II)EDTA. Michaelis-Menten kinetic constants of bioelectrochemical reduction of Fe(II)EDTA-NO were also calculated. The maximum reduction rate of Fe(II)EDTA-NO was 13.04 mol m(-3) h(-1), which is 50% higher than that in a conventional biofilter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus) , Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus) , Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus) , Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Meifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus) , Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus) , Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Sujing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus) , Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus) , Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus) , Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Li W, Zhao J, Zhang L, Xia Y, Liu N, Li S, Zhang S. Pathway of FeEDTA transformation and its impact on performance of NOx removal in a chemical absorption-biological reduction integrated process. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18876. [PMID: 26743930 PMCID: PMC4705534 DOI: 10.1038/srep18876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) integrated process, employing ferrous ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Fe(II)EDTA) as a solvent, is deemed as a potential option for NOx removal from the flue gas. Previous work showed that the Fe(II)EDTA concentration was critical for the NOx removal in the CABR process. In this work, the pathway of FeEDTA (Fe(III)/Fe(II)-EDTA) transformation was investigated to assess its impact on the NOx removal in a biofilter. Experimental results revealed that the FeEDTA transformation involved iron precipitation and EDTA degradation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the iron was precipitated in the form of Fe(OH)3. The iron mass balance analysis showed 44.2% of the added iron was precipitated. The EDTA degradation facilitated the iron precipitation. Besides chemical oxidation, EDTA biodegradation occurred in the biofilter. The addition of extra EDTA helped recover the iron from the precipitation. The transformation of FeEDTA did not retard the NO removal. In addition, EDTA rather than the iron concentration determined the NO removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Zhejiang Industrial Environmental Protection Design &Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310035, China
| | - Yinfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Sujing Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Zhou Z, Lin T, Jing G, Lv B, Liu Y. High-efficiency removal of NO x by a novel integrated chemical absorption and two-stage bioreduction process using magnetically stabilized fluidized bed reactors. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Re-acclimation performance and microbial characteristics of a thermophilic biofilter for NOx removal from flue gas. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6879-87. [PMID: 25900192 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, a novel chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) integrated process, employing Fe(II)EDTA as a solvent, is being under development to reduce the cost of NOx removal from flue gas. In this work, the NO removal profile, re-acclimation performance, and microbial characteristics in a thermophilic biofilter were investigated at the conditions typical to CABR process. The biofilter comprised of four layers of packing material with a surface area of 1200 m(2) m(-3). Experimental results revealed that the biofilter could remove 95 % of the fed NO at typical flue gas conditions. As the gas residence time varied from 90 to 15 s, the NO removal efficiency decreased from 100 to 56.5 % due to the NO mass transfer limitation. The longer period of the biofilter shutdown required more time for its re-acclimation. For example, after 8-day shutdown, the biofilter was re-acclimated in 32 h. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of PCR-amplified product showed that Pseudomonas, a group of denitrifier, was dominant in the biofilter. Because the Pseudomonas was abundant at the bottom layer of packed-bed, the bottom layer contributed to 60-70 % of the total NO removal. In addition, Pseudomonas gradually faded away along the gas flow path from the bottom to the top of biofilter, resulting in a significant decrease in NO removal at the other three packed-bed layers. These observed results will provide the process engineering and scale-up data with respect to the biofilter operations to help advance the CABR process to pilot-scale testing.
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11
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Li W, Xia Y, Zhao J, Liu N, Li S, Zhang S. Generation, utilization, and transformation of cathode electrons for bioreduction of Fe(III)EDTA in a biofilm electrode reactor related to NOx removal from flue gas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:4530-4535. [PMID: 25799265 DOI: 10.1021/es5058488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) integrated system, which employs iron chelate as a solvent, is under development for NOx removal from flue gas. Biofilm electrode reactor (BER) is deemed as a promising bioreactor to regenerate the iron chelate. Although it has been proved that BER can significantly enhance the bioreduction of Fe(III)EDTA, the bioelectrochemistry mechanism involved in the bioreduction of Fe(III)EDTA remains unknown. This work aims to explore this mechanism via the analysis of the generation, utilization, and transformation of cathode electrons in the BER. The results indicate that the generation of cathode electrons follows Faraday's law. The generated cathode electrons were used to produce H2 and directly reduce Fe(III)EDTA in the BER. Meanwhile, the produced H2 served as an electron donor for bioreduction of Fe(III)EDTA. The excess H2 product was transformed to simple organics, e.g., methanol by the hydrogen autotrophy of Pseudomonas under the inorganic and anaerobic conditions. Overall, this work revealed that the reduction of Fe(III)EDTA in the BER was enhanced by both direct electrochemical reduction and indirect bioreduction using H2 as an intermediate. It is also interesting that the excess H2 product was transformed to methanol for microbial metabolism and energy storage in the BER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- †Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
- ‡Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinfeng Xia
- †Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
- ‡Institute of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University (Zijingang Campus), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingkai Zhao
- †Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Nan Liu
- †Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Sujing Li
- †Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- †Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University (Yuquan Campus), Hangzhou, 310027, China
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12
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Current advances of integrated processes combining chemical absorption and biological reduction for NO x removal from flue gas. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:8497-512. [PMID: 25149446 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emitted from the fossil-fuel-fired power plants cause adverse environmental issues such as acid rain, urban ozone smoke, and photochemical smog. A novel chemical absorption-biological reduction (CABR) integrated process under development is regarded as a promising alternative to the conventional selective catalytic reduction processes for NO x removal from the flue gas because it is economic and environmentally friendly. CABR process employs ferrous ethylenediaminetetraacetate [Fe(II)EDTA] as a solvent to absorb the NO x following microbial denitrification of NO x to harmless nitrogen gas. Meanwhile, the absorbent Fe(II)EDTA is biologically regenerated to sustain the adequate NO x removal. Compared with conventional denitrification process, CABR not only enhances the mass transfer of NO from gas to liquid phase but also minimize the impact of oxygen on the microorganisms. This review provides the current advances of the development of the CABR process for NO x removal from the flue gas.
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