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Ansari SA, Kumar T, Sawarkar R, Gobade M, Khan D, Singh L. Valorization of food waste: A comprehensive review of individual technologies for producing bio-based products. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 364:121439. [PMID: 38870792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The escalating global concerns about food waste and the imperative need for sustainable practices have fuelled a burgeoning interest in the valorization of food waste. This comprehensive review delves into various technologies employed for converting food waste into valuable bio-based products. The article surveys individual technologies, ranging from traditional to cutting-edge methods, highlighting their respective mechanisms, advantages, and challenges. SCOPE AND APPROACH The exploration encompasses enzymatic processes, microbial fermentation, anaerobic digestion, and emerging technologies such as pyrolysis and hydrothermal processing. Each technology's efficacy in transforming food waste into bio-based products such as biofuels, enzymes, organic acids, prebiotics, and biopolymers is critically assessed. The review also considers the environmental and economic implications of these technologies, shedding light on their sustainability and scalability. The article discusses the role of technological integration and synergies in creating holistic approaches for maximizing the valorization potential of food waste. Key finding and conclusion: This review consolidates current knowledge on the valorization of food waste, offering a comprehensive understanding of individual technologies and their contributions to the sustainable production of bio-based products. The synthesis of information presented here aims to guide researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders in making informed decisions to address the global challenge of food waste while fostering a circular and eco-friendly economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhel A Ansari
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Tinku Kumar
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Riya Sawarkar
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Mahendra Gobade
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Debishree Khan
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Lal Singh
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, India.
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2
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Hamze A, Zakaria BS, Zaghloul MS, Dhar BR, Elbeshbishy E. Comprehensive hydrothermal pretreatment of municipal sewage sludge: A systematic approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 361:121194. [PMID: 38820794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the potential impact of hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) on municipal thickened waste-activated sludge (TWAS) and its integration with anaerobic digestion (AD). The research demonstrates that HTP conditions (170 °C, 3 bars for 30 min) can increase the solubilization of macromolecular organic compounds by 41%, which enhances biodegradability in semicontinuous bioreactors. This treatment also results in a 50% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and a 63% increase in the destruction of volatile solids (VS). The combination of HTP with AD significantly boosts methane yields by 51%, reaching 176 ml/g COD, and improves the digestate dewaterability, doubling the solid content in the dewatered cake. However, a higher polymer dose is required compared to conventional AD. Microbial community analysis correlates the observed performance and alterations; it indicates that HTP enhances resilience to stress conditions such as ammonia toxicity. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the transition from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to resource recovery facilities (RRF) in line with circular economy principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Hamze
- Department of Civil Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Basem S Zakaria
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94608, United States; Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts Process Development Unit, Emeryville, CA, 94608, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Mohamed Sherif Zaghloul
- Department of Civil Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Sheik Khalifa Bin Zayed St - 'Asharij, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Elsayed Elbeshbishy
- Department of Civil Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
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3
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Elgarahy AM, Eloffy MG, Alengebawy A, El-Sherif DM, Gaballah MS, Elwakeel KZ, El-Qelish M. Sustainable management of food waste; pre-treatment strategies, techno-economic assessment, bibliometric analysis, and potential utilizations: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115558. [PMID: 36842700 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) contains many nutritional components such as proteins, lipids, fats, polysaccharides, carbohydrates, and metal ions, which can be reused in some processes to produce value-added products. Furthermore, FW can be converted into biogas, biohydrogen, and biodiesel, and this type of green energy can be used as an alternative to nonrenewable fuel and reduce reliance on fossil fuel sources. It has been demonstrated in many reports that at the laboratory scale production of biochemicals using FW is as good as pure carbon sources. The goal of this paper is to review approaches used globally to promote turning FW into useable products and green energy. In this context, the present review article highlights deeply in a transdisciplinary manner the sources, types, impacts, characteristics, pre-treatment strategies, and potential management of FW into value-added products. We find that FW could be upcycled into different valuable products such as eco-friendly green fuels, organic acids, bioplastics, enzymes, fertilizers, char, and single-cell protein, after the suitable pre-treatment method. The results confirmed the technical feasibility of all the reviewed transformation processes of FW. Furthermore, life cycle and techno-economic assessment studies regarding the socio-economic, environmental, and engineering aspects of FW management are discussed. The reviewed articles showed that energy recovery from FW in various forms is economically feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elgarahy
- Environmental Chemistry Division, Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt; Egyptian Propylene and Polypropylene Company (EPPC), Port-Said, Egypt.
| | - M G Eloffy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Alengebawy
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| | - Dina M El-Sherif
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Gaballah
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt; College of Engineering (Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Khalid Z Elwakeel
- Environmental Chemistry Division, Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Qelish
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
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4
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Kakar FL, Liss SN, Elbeshbishy E. Impact of solid content on hydrothermal pretreatment of municipal sludge prior to fermentation and anaerobic digestion. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136363. [PMID: 36087725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of the solid sludge content concentrations (SC) on hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) before fermentation and anaerobic digestion. Five different SC of 3.5%, 7%, 10%, 12%, and 16% were investigated in two different scenarios. The first scenario entailed using only the pretreated samples as substrates, whereas in scenario two, the substrates included pretreated samples combined with the supernatant. Results revealed that the highest overall pCOD solubilization (considering HTP and fermentation) of 64% was achieved for the sample with 12% SC combined with supernatant. The maximum volatile fatty acids production of 2.8 g COD/L occurred with 10% SC without supernatant. The maximum methane yield of 291 mL CH4/g VSS added was attained at 7% SC without supernatant. Furthermore, the results indicated that increasing the SC beyond 7% in scenario 1 and 10% in scenario two led to a decrease in methane yield. Additionally, optimizing for all desired endpoints may be difficult, and there are limits on the increase in SC concerning methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farokh Laqa Kakar
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Steven N Liss
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada; School of Environmental Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag, XI, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Elsayed Elbeshbishy
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 2K3, Canada.
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5
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Comprehensive Review of Hydrothermal Pretreatment Parameters Affecting Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion of Municipal Sludge. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Municipal solid waste treatment and disposal have become one of the major concerns in waste management due to the excessive production of waste and higher levels of pollution. To address these challenges and protect the environment in sustainable ways, the hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) technique coupled with anaerobic digestion (AD) becomes a preferred alternative technology that can be used for municipal solid waste stabilization and the production of renewable energy. However, the impact of HTP parameters such as temperature, retention time, pH, and solid content on the fermentation of TWAS is yet to be well studied and analyzed. Hence this study was conducted to review the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment of thickened waste-activated sludge (TWAS) on fermentation and anaerobic digestion processes. Many studies reported that fermentation of TWAS at pretreatment temperature ranges from 160 °C to 180 °C resulted in a 50% increase in volatile fatty acid (VFA) yields compared to no pretreatment. However, for the AD process, HTP in the range of 175 °C to 200 °C with a 30–60 min retention time was considered the optimal condition for higher biogas production, with 30% increase in biodegradability and greater than 55% increase in biogas production. Even though there is a direct relationship between increased HTP temperature and the hydrolysis of TWAS, a pretreatment temperature range beyond 200 °C alters the biogas production. The solid content (SC) of sludge plays a crucial role in HTP, where in practice up to 16% SC has been utilized for HTP. Further, a combined alkaline-HTP enhances the process performance.
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Fernández-Rodríguez MJ, Mushtaq M, Tian L, Jiménez-Rodríguez A, Rincón B, Gilroyed BH, Borja R. Evaluation and modelling of methane production from corn stover pretreated with various physicochemical techniques. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2022; 40:698-705. [PMID: 34387123 PMCID: PMC9016663 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211038185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic by-products from agricultural crops represent an important raw material for anaerobic digestion and clean renewable, which is a key component of the circular economy. Lignocellulose is recalcitrant to biodegradation and pretreatments are required to increase methane yield during anaerobic digestion. In this work, the efficacy of different physicochemical pretreatments was compared using corn stover biomass as substrate. Anaerobic digestion of untreated and pretreated corn stover was performed in batch mode at mesophilic temperature (38°C) and organic matter solubilization of pretreated substrates was also investigated. The highest organic matter solubilization occurred in autoclave pretreatment (soluble chemical oxygen demand = 5630 ± 42 mg O2 L-1). However, the highest methane yield was obtained using alkaline pretreatment (367 ± 35 mL CH4 g-1 VSadded). Alkaline pretreatment increased methane yield by 43.3% compared to untreated control (256 ± 15 mL CH4 g-1 VSadded). Two mathematical models (i.e. first-order kinetics and transfer function) were utilized to fit the experimental data with the aim of assessing anaerobic biodegradation and to obtain the kinetic constants in all cases studied. Both models adequately fit the experimental results. The kinetic constant, k, of the first-order model increased by 92.8% when stover was pretreated with sulphuric acid compared with control. The transfer function model revealed that the maximum methane production rate, Rm, was obtained for the sulphuric acid treatment, which was 63.5% higher compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Fernández-Rodríguez
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC),
Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos,
Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Maryam Mushtaq
- School of Environmental Sciences,
University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
| | - Li Tian
- School of Environmental Sciences,
University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
| | - Antonia Jiménez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos,
Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Bárbara Rincón
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC),
Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Brandon H Gilroyed
- School of Environmental Sciences,
University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada
| | - Rafael Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC),
Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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7
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Liu H, Wang X, Qin S, Lai W, Yang X, Xu S, Lichtfouse E. Comprehensive role of thermal combined ultrasonic pre-treatment in sewage sludge disposal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147862. [PMID: 34052489 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermal/ultrasonic pre-treatment of sludge has been proven to break the hydrolysis barriers of sewage sludge (SS) and improve the performance of anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, the objective was to investigate whether the combination of two pre-treatment methods can achieve better results on the AD of SS. The results indicated that, compared with the control group and separate pre-treatment groups, the thermal combined ultrasonic pre-treatment presented more obvious solubilization of soluble proteins, polysaccharides, and other organic matters in SS. The combined method promoted the dissolution of protein-like substances more effectively, with biogas production increased by 19% and the volatile solid (VS) removal rate improved to above 50% compared with the control group. The capillary suction time is reduced by about 85%, which greatly improved the dewatering performance of SS. In addition, the combined method has advantages in degrading sulfonamide antibiotics, roxithromycin and tetracycline. Particularly, by analyzing the interaction between the degradation of different antibiotics and the composition of dissolved organic matters (DOMs), it was found that the composition of DOMs could affect the degradability of different antibiotics. Among them, the high content of tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like was conducive to the degradation of sulfamethoxazole, and the high content of fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like was conducive to the degradation of roxithromycin and tetracycline. This work evaluated the comprehensive effect of thermal combined ultrasonic pre-treatment on SS disposal and provided useful information for its engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China.
| | - Xingkang Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China
| | - Song Qin
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjia Lai
- Chongqing New World Environment Detection Technology Co.LTD, 22 Jinyudadao, 401122 Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China
| | - Suyun Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, 200093 Shanghai, China.
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, 13100 Aix en Provence, France
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8
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Díaz I, Díaz-Curbelo A, Ignacio Matute K, Fdz-Polanco M, Pérez-Elvira SI. Influence of the operating conditions of the intermediate thermal hydrolysis on the energetic efficiency of the sludge treatment process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125114. [PMID: 33894446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of steam explosion between two stages of anaerobic digestion may improve energy recovery from sludge while increasing organic matter removal. The influence of the operating conditions of the thermal process: temperature (130-210 °C), retention time (5-45 min) and TS concentration (5.4-10.8%), on the efficiency of VS removal, the biochemical methane potential of hydrolysed sludge and the kinetic constant of the degradation were evaluated using a Taguchi design. Increasing temperature and time increased the removal of VS and the potential of methane production but the kinetic constant was higher at lower temperatures. An optimal operating scheme was found at 170 °C (6 barg), 25 min at the greatest TS concentration in the feeding. Under such conditions, the thermal energy obtained from biogas combustion in a CHP covered the requirements for vapour generation and a profit of 3.54 € m-3 of sludge was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Díaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alina Díaz-Curbelo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Kevin Ignacio Matute
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Fdz-Polanco
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Sara Isabel Pérez-Elvira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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Zhou P, Meshref MNA, Dhar BR. Optimization of thermal hydrolysis process for enhancing anaerobic digestion in a wastewater treatment plant with existing primary sludge fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124498. [PMID: 33316702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) adopted primary sludge fermentation to produce sludge liquor for the biological denitrification process. The fermented primary sludge (FPS) is usually co-digested with thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) in the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. To date, there has been limited information on how the sludge thermal hydrolysis process (THP) could be retrofitted for enhancing AD in WWTPs with the existing primary sludge fermentation process. This study assessed two THP retrofitting schemes, (FPS + TWAS and TWAS alone) combining different exposure times (15, 30, and 60 min) and temperatures (140, 160, and 180 °C). The results suggested that temperature had more impact on sludge solubilization than exposure times. Notably, 180 °C was the most effective for sludge solubilization under both schemes. However, a higher degree of solubilization did not necessarily lead to higher methane yields. The THP of FPS + TWAS attained considerably higher methane yield than the pretreatment of TWAS alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Zhou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mohamed N A Meshref
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada; Public Works Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, 1 El Sarayat St., Abbassia, Cairo 11517, Egypt
| | - Bipro Ranjan Dhar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Tian W, Chen Y, Shen Y, Zhong C, Gao M, Shi D, He Q, Gu L. Effects of hydrothermal pretreatment on the mono- and co-digestion of waste activated sludge and wheat straw. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 732:139312. [PMID: 32438169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The refractory properties of waste activated sludge and wheat straw inhibit their bioenergy recovery by anaerobic digestion. This paper attempted to estimate the digestive performance, energy conversion efficiency and economic feasibility of wheat straw mono-digestion and its co-digestion with sludge by hydrothermal pretreatment at different temperature gradients (125, 150 and 175 °C). The results illustrated that the hydrolysis of both wheat straw and sludge were improved with the temperature increasing. It is noted that after pretreatment at 175 °C, wheat straw mono-digestion obtained the cumulative specific methane yield of 168.8 mL/g·VS, 6.9% reduction compared to the unpretreated straw (181.4 mL/g·VS) due to the inhibition by by-products (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 5-HMF) formed at high temperatures. The highest cumulative specific methane yield of 225.7 mL/g·VS was achieved by the co-digestion of pretreated wheat straw and pretreated sludge under 175 °C, indicating that the participation of sludge in co-digestion improved the buffer capacity of the system to relieve the inhibition. In addition, the co-digestion of sludge and wheat straw both pretreated at 175 °C obtained the maximum energy production of 7901.1 MJ/t, 52% promotion compared to the mono-digestion without pretreatment. The results of economic analysis showed that the mono-digestion of wheat straw obtained relatively low net profits and the mono-digestion of sludge pretreated at 175 °C achieved the highest net profit of 31.44 US$/t. These results suggest that the co-digestion of both pretreated wheat straw and sludge can achieve the highest biogas production and energy conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Tian
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yongdong Chen
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yanqi Shen
- Chongqing Jiaotong University, 66 Xuefu Avenue, Chongqing 400074, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Meng Gao
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Dezhi Shi
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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11
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Thermophilic Methane Production from Hydrothermally Pretreated Norway Spruce (Picea abies). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10144989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Norway spruce (Picea abies) is an industrially important softwood species available in northern Europe and can be used to produce bio-methane after proper pretreatment to overcome its recalcitrant complex structure. Hot water extraction (HWE) pretreatment at two different conditions (170 °C for 90 min (severity 4.02) and 140 °C for 300 min (severity 3.65)) was applied to extract hemicellulosic sugars from Norway spruce for thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) of the hydrolysate. The methane yield of hydrolysate prepared at the lower pretreatment severity was found to be 189 NmL/gCOD compared to 162 NmL/gCOD after the higher pretreatment severity suggesting higher pretreatment severity hampers the methane yield due to the presence of inhibitors formed due to sugars and lignin degradation and soluble lignin, extracted partially along with hemicellulosic sugars. Synthetic hydrolysates simulating real hydrolysates (H170syn and H140syn) had improved methane yield of 285 NmL/gCOD and 295 NmL/gCOD, respectively in the absence of both the inhibitors and soluble lignin. An effect of organic loadings (OLs) on the methane yield was observed with a negative correlation between OL and methane yield. The maximum methane yield was 290 NmL/gCOD for hydrolysate pretreated at 140 °C compared to 195 NmL/gCOD for hydrolyate pretreated at 170 °C, both at the lowest OL of 6 gCOD/L. Therefore, both pretreatment conditions and OL need to be considered for efficient methane production from extracted hydrolysate. Such substrates can be utilized in continuous flow industrial AD with well-adapted cultures with stable organic loading rates.
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12
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Song X, Wachemo AC, Zhang L, Bai T, Li X, Zuo X, Yuan H. Effect of hydrothermal pretreatment severity on the pretreatment characteristics and anaerobic digestion performance of corn stover. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121646. [PMID: 31226673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pretreatment characteristics and anaerobic digestion (AD) performance of corn stover were investigated at different hydrothermal pretreatment (HP) severity levels. The pretreatment of corn stover with and without ammonia was performed at different temperatures (100, 150, and 200 °C) and with a holding time of 5-30 mins. Results showed that after HP, the highest volatile fatty acid (VFAs) concentration was 10533.94 mg/L at a HP severity of 7.27, which was 1.72-3.35 times greater than those of others HP severity levels. Similarly, the highest removal rates of hemicellulose and lignin were 95.41% and 13.85% for HP severity levels of 6.81 and 1.98, respectively. The maximum biogas and methane increasing yield at 100 °C holding 30 min without ammonia were 16.26% and 22.74% greater than that of the untreated, respectively. These results suggest that an appropriate HP intensity can promote biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Song
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Akiber Chufo Wachemo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China; Department of Water Supply and Environmental Engineering, Arba Minch University, P.O. Box 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Tianqing Bai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiujin Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zuo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Hairong Yuan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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13
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Hosseini Koupaie E, Azizi A, Bazyar Lakeh AA, Hafez H, Elbeshbishy E. A comprehensive dataset on anaerobic digestion of cattle manure, source separated organics, and municipal sludge using different inoculum sources. Data Brief 2019; 24:103913. [PMID: 31061859 PMCID: PMC6488733 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The dataset reported in this article provides quantitative data on anaerobic digestion of cattle manure, source separated organics (SSO), primary sludge (PS), and thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) using different inoculum sources. The discussion and interpretation of the data are provided in another publication entitled “Comparison of liquid and dewatered digestate as inoculum for anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes” [1]. The data presented in this article include 1) the gas chromatography (GC) procedure of determining the biogas composition, 2) the procedure of converting the daily biogas/methane production data from the experimental condition (mesophilic temperature of 38 °C and room pressure) to the standard temperature (0 °C) and pressure (1 atm) condition, 3) the specific methanogenic activity data, and 4) the methane daily production rate data, and 5) the organics biodegradation kinetic rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hosseini Koupaie
- Environmental Research for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - A Azizi
- Environmental Research for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - A A Bazyar Lakeh
- Environmental Research for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - H Hafez
- Environmental Research for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada.,Greenfield Global (Ethanol), Chatham, ON, N7M 5J4, Canada
| | - E Elbeshbishy
- Environmental Research for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
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14
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Integration of Hydrothermal Carbonisation with Anaerobic Digestion; Opportunities for Valorisation of Digestate. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12091586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) has been identified as a potential route for digestate enhancement producing a solid hydrochar and a process water rich in organic carbon. This study compares the treatment of four dissimilar digestates from anaerobic digestion (AD) of agricultural residue (AGR); sewage sludge (SS); residual municipal solid waste (MSW), and vegetable, garden, and fruit waste (VGF). HTC experiments were performed at 150, 200 and 250 °C for 1 h using 10%, 20%, and 30% solid loadings of a fixed water mass. The effect of temperature and solid loading to the properties of biocoal and biochemical methane potential (BMP) of process waters are investigated. Results show that the behaviour of digestate during HTC is feedstock dependent and the hydrochar produced is a poor-quality solid fuel. The AGR digestate produced the greatest higher heating value (HHV) of 24 MJ/kg, however its biocoal properties are poor due to slagging and fouling propensities. The SS digestate process water produced the highest amount of biogas at 200 °C and 30% solid loading. This study concludes that solely treating digestate via HTC enhances biogas production and that hydrochar be investigated for its use as a soil amender.
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15
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Lin L, Hosseini Koupaie E, Azizi A, Bazyar Lakeh AA, Dhar BR, Hafez H, Elbeshbishy E. Comparison of Two Process Schemes Combining Hydrothermal Treatment and Acidogenic Fermentation of Source-Separated Organics. Molecules 2019; 24:E1466. [PMID: 31013911 PMCID: PMC6514947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study compares the effects of pre- and post-hydrothermal treatment of source- separated organics (SSO) on solubilization of particulate organics and acidogenic fermentation for volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production. The overall COD solubilization and solids removal efficiencies from both schemes were comparable. However, the pre-hydrolysis of SSO followed by acidogenic fermentation resulted in a relatively higher VFA yield of 433 mg/g VSS, which was 18% higher than that of a process scheme with a post-hydrolysis of dewatered solids from the fermentation process. Regarding the composition of VFA, the dominance of acetate and butyrate was comparable in both process schemes, while propionate concentration considerably increased in the process with pre-hydrolysis of SSO. The microbial community results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased substantially in the fermentation of pretreated SSO, indicating that there might be different metabolic pathways for production of VFAs in fermentation process operated with pre-treated SSO. The possible reason might be that the abundance of soluble organic matters due to pre-hydrolysis might stimulate the growth of more kinetically efficient fermentative bacteria as indicated by the increase in Firmicutes percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Ehssan Hosseini Koupaie
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Armineh Azizi
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Amir Abbas Bazyar Lakeh
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Bipro R Dhar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, 116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada.
| | - Hisham Hafez
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
- Greenfield Global, 275 Bloomfield Road, Chatham, ON N7M 0N6, Canada.
| | - Elsayed Elbeshbishy
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
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16
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Hosseini Koupaie E, Azizi A, Bazyar Lakeh AA, Hafez H, Elbeshbishy E. Comparison of liquid and dewatered digestate as inoculum for anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 87:228-236. [PMID: 31109522 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the application of liquid and dewatered digestate was compared for the inoculation of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. In addition to the specific methanogenic activity and biohydrogen potential tests, biochemical methane potential assay was also conducted using four different types of municipal and industrial waste streams (primary sludge, thickened waste activated sludge, source separated organics, and cattle manure). The specific methanogenic activity of the digestate cake (5.0 ± 0.5 mL-CH4/g-VSS.d) was higher than that of the liquid digestate (3.4 ± 0.2 mL-CH4/g-VSS.d) for the food to microorganism ratio of 0.5. The BMP results also revealed that regardless of the type of the substrate used, the application of the digestate cake as inoculum achieved statistically significantly higher methane production rate compared to the utilization of liquid digestate, most likely due to the lower concentration of dissolved contents (i.e., ammonia, soluble organic matter, heavy metals, etc.) in the diluted digestate cake. Despite the increased process rate, no statistically significant effect of the type of the inoculum was observed on the ultimate methane yield. The biohydrogen potential test revealed the similar performance of the digestate- and digestate cake-inoculated digesters in terms of biohydrogen and volatile fatty acids production. The findings of this study suggest that the digestate cake can be used as an effective alternative to the liquid digestate for the inoculation of full-scale anaerobic digesters, reducing the transportation volume by up to 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hosseini Koupaie
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - A Azizi
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - A A Bazyar Lakeh
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - H Hafez
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada; Greenfield Global, Chatham, ON N7M 5J4, Canada
| | - E Elbeshbishy
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
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17
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Razavi AS, Hosseini Koupaie E, Azizi A, Hafez H, Elbeshbishy E. Bioenergy production data from anaerobic digestion of thermally hydrolyzed organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Data Brief 2019; 22:1018-1026. [PMID: 30740487 PMCID: PMC6355964 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The presented dataset in this data article provides quantitative data on the production of bioenergy (biogas and biomethane) from mesophilic batch anaerobic digestion (AD) of thermally hydrolyzed organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The discussion and interpretation of the data are provided in another publication entitled “Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Source Separated Organics for Enhanced Solubilization and Biomethane Recovery” (Razavi et al., 2019). The data and information presented in the current data article include (1) the ratio of soluble to particulate chemical oxygen demand (COD) under different thermal hydrolysis condition, (2) the daily measured biogas and biomethane data, (3) the cumulative methane yield data in terms of mL CH4 produced per gram of volatile suspended solids (VSS) as well as feedstock added, (4) the ultimate methane yield data as well as the relative improvement in methane recovery compared to the control (non-hydrolyzed) digester, (5) the data of first-order organics biodegradation rate constants, (6) the procedure of measuring biogas composition via gas chromatography, (7) the procedure of converting the biogas/methane volume data acquired under the actual experimental condition (mesophilic temperature of 38 °C and atmospheric pressure) to the standard temperature (0 °C) and pressure (1 atm) condition, and (8) the procedure of determining the first-order kinetic rate constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Razavi
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - E Hosseini Koupaie
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - A Azizi
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - H Hafez
- Greenfield Global, Chatham, ON, Canada N7M 5J4
| | - E Elbeshbishy
- Environmental Research Group for Resource Recovery, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Science, Ryerson University 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5B 2K3
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