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Alotaibi AS, Alhumairi AM, Ghabban H, Alenzi AM, Hamouda RA. Simultaneous production of biofuel, and removal of heavy metals using marine alga Turbinaria turbinata as a feedstock in NEOM Region, Tabuk. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116224. [PMID: 38518610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Depletion of fossil fuel and pollution by heavy metals are two major global issues. The cell wall of algae consists of polymers of polysaccharides such as cellulose, hemicellulose, alginate, starch, and many others that are readily hydrolyzed to monosaccharides and hence are amenable to fermentation into bioethanol. Moreover, algae contain lipids that may undergo trans-esterification to biodiesel, and can be absorbed by heavy metals. In this study, extraction of lipids from Turbinaria turbinata (common brown alga) from the beach of Sharma, NEOM, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia by different solvents hexane, methanol, and hexane: methanol (1:1), and trans-esterification was performed to obtain biodiesel and investigated by GC.MS. The alga residue after fats extractions by different solvents was used in bioremediation synthetic wastewater containing 50 ppm of As-3, Co+2, Cu+2, Fe+2, Mn+2, and Zn+2. The residue of defatted alga was hydrolyzed by 2% H2SO4 and then fermented to obtain bioethanol. The combination of hexane: methanol (1:1) gave the greatest amount of petroleum hydrocarbons, which contain Tetradecane, 5-methyl, Octacosane, Pentatriacontane, and a small amount of Cyclotrisiloxane, Hexamethyl. The most effective removal % was obtained with alga residue defatted by hexane: methanol (1:1), and methanol, 100% removal of As-3, 83% Co+2, 95% Cu+2, 97.25% Fe+2, Mn+2 79.69%, Zn+2 90.15% with 2 g alga /L at 3 hours. The lowest value of sugar was obtained with hexane: methanol residue but gave the highest bioethanol efficiency. Thus, it is possible to use Turbinaria turbinata, or brown alga as a feedstock to produce bio-diesel, and bioethanol, and to remove heavy metals from wastewater, which may have a great economic and environmental significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amenah S Alotaibi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Biodiversity Genomics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abrar M Alhumairi
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Ghabban
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Biodiversity Genomics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Massad Alenzi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; Biodiversity Genomics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ragaa A Hamouda
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt; Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Arts Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Korsa G, Konwarh R, Masi C, Ayele A, Haile S. Microbial cellulase production and its potential application for textile industries. ANN MICROBIOL 2023; 73:13. [DOI: 10.1186/s13213-023-01715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The textile industry’s previous chemical use resulted in thousands of practical particulate emissions, such as machine component damage and drainage system blockage, both of which have practical implications. Enzyme-based textile processing is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-hazardous, and water-saving. The purpose of this review is to give evidence on the potential activity of microbial cellulase in the textile industry, which is mostly confined to the realm of research.
Methods
This review was progressive by considering peer-reviewed papers linked to microbial cellulase production, and its prospective application for textile industries was appraised and produced to develop this assessment. Articles were divided into two categories based on the results of trustworthy educational journals: methods used to produce the diversity of microorganisms through fermentation processes and such approaches used to produce the diversity of microbes through microbial fermentation. Submerged fermentation (SMF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) techniques are currently being used to meet industrial demand for microbial cellulase production in the bio textile industry.
Results
Microbial cellulase is vital for increasing day to day due to its no side effect on the environment and human health becoming increasingly important. In conventional textile processing, the gray cloth was subjected to a series of chemical treatments that involved breaking the dye molecule’s amino group with Cl − , which started and accelerated dye(-resistant) bond cracking. A cellulase enzyme is primarily derived from a variety of microbial species found in various ecological settings as a biotextile/bio-based product technology for future needs in industrial applications.
Conclusion
Cellulase has been produced for its advantages in cellulose-based textiles, as well as for quality enhancement and fabric maintenance over traditional approaches. Cellulase’s role in the industry was microbial fermentation processes in textile processing which was chosen as an appropriate and environmentally sound solution for a long and healthy lifestyle.
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Exploring cocoa pod husks as a potential substrate for citric acid production by solid-state fermentation using Aspergillus niger mutant strain. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Valladares-Diestra KK, Porto de Souza Vandenberghe L, Soccol CR. A biorefinery approach for enzymatic complex production for the synthesis of xylooligosaccharides from sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 333:125174. [PMID: 33892428 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of low-cost feedstock for enzyme production is an environmental and economic solution. Sugarcane bagasse and soybean meal are employed in this study for optimised xylanase production with the concomitant synthesis of proteases. The enzymatic complex is produced by submerged fermentation by Aspergillus niger. Optimisation steps lead to a 2.16-fold increase in enzymatic activity. The fermentation kinetics are studied in Erlenmeyer flasks, a stirred tank reactor and a bubble column reactor, with the xylanase activities reaching 52.9; 33.7 and 60.5 U.mL-1, respectively. The protease production profile is also better in the bubble column reactor, exceeding 7 U.mL-1. The enzyme complex is then evaluated for the synthesis of xylooligosaccharides from sugarcane extracted xylan with a production of 3.1 g.L-1 where xylotriose is the main product. Excellent perspectives are observed for the developed process with potential applications in the animal feed, prebiotics and paper industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Kley Valladares-Diestra
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-980, Brazil
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Abstract
A wastewater refinery is a multifunctional solution that combines different technologies and processing schemes to recover a spectrum of valuable materials from municipal or industrial wastewater. The concept of wastewater refinery introduces a new perspective on wastewater treatment and management. It aims at making the most of wastewater constituents by co-producing different worthful outputs, such as water, energy, nitrogen, sulfide, and phosphorous. This can turn the treatment of wastewater from a major cost into a source of profit. The wastewater refinery approach is well aligned with the concept of the circular economy. A case study on Qatar’s wastewater revealed the potential recovery of significant quantities of valuable resources embodied in the country’s wastewater. Valorization of organic constituents and the recovery of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfide should be given priority. To facilitate the adoption of the wastewater refinery concept, research is required to explore technical and economic bottlenecks.
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Liang C, Xu Z, Wang Q, Wang W, Xu H, Guo Y, Qi W, Wang Z. Improving β-glucosidase and xylanase production in a combination of waste substrate from domestic wastewater treatment system and agriculture residues. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124019. [PMID: 32916465 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellulase and hemicellulase activities are considered to the major bottlenecks in the lignocellulosic biorefinery process, especially in an enzyme cocktail lacking β-glucosidase (BGL) and xylanase (XYL). In view of this issue, higher levels of BGL and XYL activities were obtained in the presence of wastewater and activated sludge as an induction medium mixed with 5% of rice straw by Hypocrea sp. W63. The analysis of the ionic content showed that a relatively low sludge dose could enhance the production of BGL and XYL. Most importantly, compared to a medium using freshwater, the proportion of 1:10 sludge to wastewater, which contained nutrient elements, led to 3.4-fold BGL and 3.7-fold XYL production improvements. This research describes the reuse of substrates that are largely and continuously generated from domestic wastewater treatment systems and agriculture residues, which consequently leads to the development of a simultaneous enzyme production process for sustainable biorefinery practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyi Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wen Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wei Qi
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Zhongming Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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Wu R, Chen D, Cao S, Lu Z, Huang J, Lu Q, Chen Y, Chen X, Guan N, Wei Y, Huang R. Enhanced ethanol production from sugarcane molasses by industrially engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae via replacement of the PHO4 gene. RSC Adv 2020; 10:2267-2276. [PMID: 35494577 PMCID: PMC9048610 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08673k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement of a novel candidate ethanol fermentation-associated regulatory gene, PHO4, from a fast-growing strain MC15, as determined through comparative genomics analysis among three yeast strains with significant differences in ethanol yield, is hypothesised to shorten the fermentation time and enhance ethanol production from sugarcane molasses. This study sought to test this hypothesis through a novel strategy involving the transfer of the PHO4 gene from a low ethanol-producing, yet fast-growing strain MC15 to a high ethanol-producing industrial strain MF01 through homologous recombination. The results indicated that PHO4 in the industrially engineered strain MF01-PHO4 displayed genomic stability with a mean maximum ethanol yield that rose to 114.71 g L−1, accounting for a 5.30% increase in ethanol yield and 12.5% decrease in fermentation time in comparison with that in the original strain MF01, which was the current highest ethanol-producing strain in SCM fermentation in the reported literature. These results serve to advance our current understanding of the association between improving ethanol yield and replacement of PHO4, while providing a feasible strategy for industrially engineered yeast strains to improve ethanol production efficiently. Replacement of a novel candidate ethanol fermentation-associated regulatory gene, PHO4, from a fast-growing strain through a novel strategy (SHPERM-bCGHR), is hypothesised to shorten fermentation time and enhance ethanol yield from sugarcane molasses.![]()
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Sarsaiya S, Jain A, Kumar Awasthi S, Duan Y, Kumar Awasthi M, Shi J. Microbial dynamics for lignocellulosic waste bioconversion and its importance with modern circular economy, challenges and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121905. [PMID: 31387838 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An extensive use of microbial dynamics for utilizing the lignocellulosic wastes has been attributed to their efficiency in bioenergy and bioproducts development as a cost effective high nutritional value. The integration of lignocellulosic waste into the circular economy can scaleup the sustainable bioproducts and bioenergy development. In this review paper, the aim is to describe the existing research efforts on organic lignocellulosic waste, cellulase producing microbes, their potential enzyme, modern circular economy with associated challenges and future perspectives. Presently, it has been reviewed that microbial cellulases have provided treasure bioproducts visions into industrial bioproducts marvels unveiled through lignocellulosic waste cutting-edge microbial explorations. Furthermore, the review focused on new insights of the growing circular economy of lignocellulosic waste used for many bioproducts and bioenergy dealings and explored the emergent lignocellulosic biorefinery approaches which could then be applied to review industrial-scale sustainable economic models for upgraded bioproducts and other production associated problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China; Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Archana Jain
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yumin Duan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
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Libardi N, Soccol CR, Tanobe VOA, Vandenberghe LPDS. Definition of Liquid and Powder Cellulase Formulations Using Domestic Wastewater in Bubble Column Reactor. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:113-128. [PMID: 31301011 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Raw domestic wastewater was used as a culture medium for cellulase production in a bubble column reactor (6.2 UFP/mL, 64.6 U/L h) using the strain Trichoderma harzianum TRIC03-LPBII. Cellulases presented optimum pH and temperature between 4 and 5 and 50 and 70 °C, respectively. Enzymatic extract was concentrated through ultrafiltration and then a cellulolytic formulation was prepared with the addition of sorbitol (50% w/v) and benzoic acid (0.05% w/v). High cellulase stability of around 100% was reached after 30 days at 4 °C. The concentrated extract was also dried in a spray-dryer with the addition of maltodextrin at 20% (w/v), resulting in powder enzymatic formulation with 85% stability after 60 days. With these characteristics, the liquid and powder cellulase products have potential to be used in different industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Libardi
- Departamento de Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Departamento de Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Valcineide O A Tanobe
- Departamento de Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná-UFPR, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
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