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Gao X, jing X, Li J, Guo M, Liu L, Li Z, Liu K, Zhu D. Exploitation of inland salt lake water by dilution and nutrient enrichment to cultivate Vischeria sp. WL1 (Eustigmatophyceae) for biomass and oil production. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 41:e00823. [PMID: 38179180 PMCID: PMC10765011 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Salt lakes are significant components of global inland waters. Salt lake (SL) water can provide precious mineral resource for microbial growth. The prospect of utilizing diluted SL water for cultivation of a terrestrial oil-producing microalga Vischeria sp. WL1 was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Based on the detected mineral element composition, the water from Gouchi Salt Lake was diluted 2, 4, 6 and 8 folds and used with supplementation of additional nitrogen, phosphorus and iron (SL+ water). It was found that 4 folds diluted SL+ water was most favorable for biomass and oil production. When cultivated in this condition, Vischeria sp. WL1 gained a biomass yield of 0.82 g L-1 and an oil yield of 0.56 g L-1 after 24 days of cultivation, which is comparable to the optimum productivity we previously established. In addition, total monounsaturated fatty acid contents (64.4∼68.1 %) of the oils resulted from cultures in diluted SL+waters were higher than that in the control (55.5 %). It was also noteworthy that in all these cultures the oil contents (652.0∼681.0 mg g-1) accounted for the most of the biomass, which are far more than the protein and starch contents. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using SL water as a cost-effective mineral resource to cultivate microalgae for biomass and oil production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Xin jing
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Jiahong Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Min Guo
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Zhengke Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Derui Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Science, Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016, China
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2
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Villaró S, García-Vaquero M, Morán L, Álvarez C, Cabral EM, Lafarga T. Effect of seawater on the biomass composition of Spirulina produced at a pilot-scale. N Biotechnol 2023; 78:173-179. [PMID: 37967766 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The microalga Arthrospira platensis BEA 005B was produced in 11.4 m3 raceway photobioreactors and a culture medium based on commercial fertilisers and either freshwater or seawater. The biomass productivity of the reactors operated at a fixed dilution rate of 0.3 day-1 decreased from 22.9 g·m-2·day-1 when operated using freshwater to 16.3 g·m-2·day-1 when the biomass was produced using seawater. The protein content of the biomass produced in seawater was lower; however, the content of essential amino acids including valine, leucine and isoleucine was higher. Seawater also triggered the production of carotenoids and altered the synthesis and accumulation of fatty acids. For example, the biomass produced using seawater showed a 319% and 210% higher content of oleic and eicosenoic acid, respectively. The results demonstrate that it is possible to produce the selected microalga using seawater after an adaptation period and that the composition of the produced biomass is suitable for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Villaró
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; CIESOL Solar Energy Research Centre, Joint Centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Almería, Spain
| | - Marco García-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lara Morán
- Lactiker Research Group, Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Carlos Álvarez
- Department of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eduarda Melo Cabral
- Department of Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tomas Lafarga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; CIESOL Solar Energy Research Centre, Joint Centre University of Almería-CIEMAT, Almería, Spain.
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3
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Kiehbadroudinezhad M, Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha H, Karimi K, Madadi M, Chisti Y, Peng W, Liu D, Tabatabaei M, Aghbashlo M. Production of chemicals and utilities in-house improves the environmental sustainability of phytoplankton-based biorefinery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165751. [PMID: 37499830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Life cycle assessment was used to evaluate the environmental impacts of phytoplanktonic biofuels as possible sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Three scenarios were examined for converting planktonic biomass into higher-value commodities and energy streams using the alga Scenedesmus sp. and the cyanobacterium Arthrospira sp. as the species of interest. The first scenario (Sc-1) involved the production of biodiesel and glycerol from the planktonic biomass. In the second scenario (Sc-2), biodiesel and glycerol were generated from the planktonic biomass, and biogas was produced from the residual biomass. The process also involved using a catalyst derived from snail shells for biodiesel production. The third scenario (Sc-3) was similar to Sc-2 but converted CO2 from the biogas upgrading to methanol, which was then used in synthesizing biodiesel. The results indicated that Sc-2 and Sc-3 had a reduced potential (up to 60 % less) for damaging human health compared to Sc-1. Sc-2 and Sc-3 had up to 61 % less environmental impact than Sc-1. Sc-2 and Sc-3 reduced the total cumulative exergy demand by up to 44 % compared to Sc-1. In conclusion, producing chemicals and utilities within the biorefinery could significantly improve environmental sustainability, reduce waste, and diversify revenue streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Kiehbadroudinezhad
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China; Division of Engineering, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada
| | | | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Meysam Madadi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India.
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
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Nascimento RRC, Moreno MR, Azevedo RS, Costa JAV, Marins LF, Santos LO. Magnetic Fields as Inducers of Phycobiliprotein Production by Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:242. [PMID: 37300570 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the effect of magnetic field (MF) application on the metabolism of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Concentrations of biomass, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin) were determined. In cultures with MF application (30 mT for 24 h d-1), there were increases of 47.5% in total protein content, 87.4% in C-phycocyanin, and 332.8% in allophycocyanin contents, by comparison with the control. Allophycocyanin is the most affected pigment by MF application. Therefore, its biosynthetic route was investigated, and four genes related to its synthesis were found. However, the analysis of the gene expression showed no statistical differences from the control culture, which suggests that induction of such genes may occur soon after MF application with consequent stabilization over time. MF application may be a cost-effective alternative to increase production of compounds of commercial interest by cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael R C Nascimento
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus R Moreno
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Raíza S Azevedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Jorge A V Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Luis F Marins
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Lucielen O Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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Zhou J, Wang M, Bäuerl C, Cortés-Macías E, Calvo-Lerma J, Carmen Collado M, Barba FJ. The impact of liquid-pressurized extracts of Spirulina, Chlorella and Phaedactylum tricornutum on in vitro antioxidant, antiinflammatory and bacterial growth effects and gut microbiota modulation. Food Chem 2023; 401:134083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Thevarajah B, Nishshanka GKSH, Premaratne M, Nimarshana P, Nagarajan D, Chang JS, Ariyadasa TU. Large-scale production of Spirulina-based proteins and c-phycocyanin: A biorefinery approach. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abstract
Cultivation of photosynthetic microorganisms in wastewater is a potential cost-effective method of treating wastewater and simultaneously providing the essential nutrients for high-value biomass production. This study investigates the cultivation of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis in non-diluted and non-pretreated brewery wastewater under non-sterile and alkaline growth conditions. The system’s performance in terms of biomass productivity, pollutant consumption, pigment production and biomass composition was evaluated under different media formulations (i.e., addition of sodium chloride and/or bicarbonate) and different irradiation conditions (i.e., continuous illumination and 16:8 light:dark photoperiod). It was observed that the combination of sodium bicarbonate with sodium chloride resulted in maximum pigment production recorded at the end of the experiments, and the use of the photoperiod led to increased pollutant removal (up to 90% of initial concentrations) and biomass concentration (950 mg/L). The composition of the microbial communities established during the experiments was also determined. It was observed that heterotrophic bacteria dominated by the phyla of Pseudomonadota, Bacillota, and Bacteroidota prevailed, while the cyanobacteria population showcased a dynamic behavior throughout the experiments, as it increased towards the end of cultivation (relative abundance of 10% and 30% under continuous illumination and photoperiod application, respectively). Overall, Arthrospira platensis-based cultivation proved to be an effective method of brewery wastewater treatment, although the large numbers of heterotrophic bacteria limit the usage of the produced biomass to applications such as biofuel and biofertilizer production.
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Abstract
Microalgae are used in flocculation processes because biopolymers are released into the culture medium. Microalgal cell growth under specific conditions (temperature, pH, luminosity, nutrients, and salinity) provides the production and release of exopolysaccharides (EPS). These biopolymers can be recovered from the medium for application as bioflocculants or used directly in cultivation as microalgae autoflocculants. The optimization of nutritional parameters, the control of process conditions, and the possibility of scaling up allow the production and industrial application of microalgal EPS. Therefore, this review addresses the potential use of EPS produced by microalgae in bioflocculation. The recovery, determination, and quantification techniques for these biopolymers are also addressed. Moreover, other technological applications of EPS are highlighted.
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9
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Nosratimovafagh A, Fereidouni AE, Krujatz F. Modeling and Optimizing the Effect of Light Color, Sodium Chloride and Glucose Concentration on Biomass Production and the Quality of Arthrospira platensis Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030371. [PMID: 35330122 PMCID: PMC8953219 DOI: 10.3390/life12030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) biomass is a valuable source of sustainable proteins, and the basis for new food and feed products. State-of-the-art production of Spirulina biomass in open pond systems only allows limited control of essential process parameters, such as light color, salinity control, or mixotrophic growth, due to the high risk of contaminations. Closed photobioreactors offer a highly controllable system to optimize all process parameters affecting Spirulina biomass production (quantity) and biomass composition (quality). However, a comprehensive analysis of the impact of light color, salinity effects, and mixotrophic growth modes of Spirulina biomass production has not been performed yet. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to develop statistical models, and define optimal mixotrophic process conditions yielding maximum quantitative biomass productivity and high-quality biomass composition related to cellular protein and phycocyanin content. The individual and interaction effects of 0, 5, 15, and 30 g/L of sodium chloride (S), and 0, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 g/L of glucose (G) in three costume-made LED panels (L) where the dominant color was white (W), red (R), and yellow (Y) were investigated in a full factorial design. Spirulina was cultivated in 200 mL cell culture flasks in different treatments, and data were collected at the end of the log growth phase. The lack-of-fit test showed that the cubic model was the most suitable to predict the biomass concentration and protein content, and the two-factor interaction (2FI) was preferred to predict the cellular phycocyanin content (p > 0.05). The reduced models were produced by excluding insignificant terms (p > 0.05). The experimental validation of the RSM optimization showed that the highest biomass concentration (1.09, 1.08, and 0.85 g/L), with improved phycocyanin content of 82.27, 59.47, 107 mg/g, and protein content of 46.18, 39.76, 53.16%, was obtained under the process parameter configuration WL4.28S2.5G, RL10.63S1.33G, and YL1.00S0.88G, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nosratimovafagh
- Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari P.O. Box 578, Iran;
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili Fereidouni
- Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari P.O. Box 578, Iran;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-1133822565
| | - Felix Krujatz
- Institute of Natural Materials Technology, TU Dresden, Bergstraße 120, 01069 Dresden, Germany;
- biotopa gGmbH—Center for Applied Aquaculture & Bioeconomy, Bautzner Landstraße 45, 01454 Radeberg, Germany
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10
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Bezerra PQM, Moraes L, Silva TNM, Cardoso LG, Druzian JI, Morais MG, Nunes IL, Costa JAV. Innovative application of brackish groundwater without the addition of nutrients in the cultivation of Spirulina and Chlorella for carbohydrate and lipid production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126543. [PMID: 34902481 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Brackish groundwater is promising for the cultivation of economically important microalgae; however, its effects have been evaluated only after nutrient supplementation. In this study, 100% brackish groundwater was evaluated as a culture medium for Spirulina sp. (BGWS) and Chlorella fusca (BGWC). In addition, the effects of supplementation with 25% of the nutrients from Zarrouk (BGWS25) and BG-11 (BGWC25) culture media were evaluated. BGWS and BGWC increased the concentration (68.1% w w-1) and productivity of carbohydrate (35.3 mg L-1 d-1) in Spirulina sp. and increased the concentration (56.4% w w-1) and productivity (13.5 mg L-1 d-1) of lipids in C. fusca biomass, when compared to that in the respective controls. The use of brackish groundwater as the sole culture medium is an innovative alternative for the economic production of biomass rich in carbohydrates and lipids. This has potential applications for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Q M Bezerra
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - L Moraes
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - T N M Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - L G Cardoso
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-BA 40170-115, Brazil
| | - J I Druzian
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador-BA 40170-115, Brazil
| | - M G Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - I L Nunes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Center for Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC 88034-000, Brazil
| | - J A V Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande-RS 96203-900, Brazil.
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11
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Wu H, Li T, Lv J, Chen Z, Wu J, Wang N, Wu H, Xiang W. Growth and Biochemical Composition Characteristics of Arthrospira platensis Induced by Simultaneous Nitrogen Deficiency and Seawater-Supplemented Medium in an Outdoor Raceway Pond in Winter. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122974. [PMID: 34945525 PMCID: PMC8701333 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira platensis, a well-known cyanobacterium, is widely applied not only in human and animal nutrition but also in cosmetics for its high amounts of active products. The biochemical composition plays a key role in the application performance of the Arthrospira biomass. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and biochemical composition characteristics of A. platensis, cultured with a nitrogen-free and seawater-supplemented medium in an outdoor raceway pond in winter. The results showed that the biomass yield could achieve 222.42 g m−2, and the carbohydrate content increased by 247% at the end of the culture period (26 d), compared with that of the starter culture. The daily and annual areal productivities were 3.96 g m−2 d−1 and 14.44 ton ha−1 yr−1 for biomass and 2.88 g m−2 d−1 and 10.53 ton ha−1 yr−1 for carbohydrates, respectively. On the contrary, a profound reduction was observed in protein, lipid, and pigment contents. Glucose, the main monosaccharide in the A. platensis biomass, increased from 77.81% to 93.75% of total monosaccharides. Based on these results, large-scale production of carbohydrate-rich A. platensis biomass was achieved via a low-cost culture, involving simultaneous nitrogen deficiency and supplementary seawater in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Tao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Jinting Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Zishuo Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Jiayi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Na Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Houbo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Wenzhou Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (H.W.); (T.L.); (J.L.); (Z.C.); (J.W.); (N.W.); (H.W.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8902-3223
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Lafarga T, Sánchez-Zurano A, Villaró S, Morillas-España A, Acién G. Industrial production of spirulina as a protein source for bioactive peptide generation. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Lim HR, Khoo KS, Chew KW, Chang CK, Munawaroh HSH, Kumar PS, Huy ND, Show PL. Perspective of Spirulina culture with wastewater into a sustainable circular bioeconomy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117492. [PMID: 34261213 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spirulina biomass accounts for 30% of the total algae biomass production globally. In conventional process of Spirulina biomass production, cultivation using chemical-based culture medium contributes 35% of the total production cost. Moreover, the environmental impact of cultivation stage is the highest among all the production stages which resulted from the extensive usage of chemicals and nutrients. Thus, various types of culture medium such as chemical-based, modified, and alternative culture medium with highlights on wastewater medium is reviewed on the recent advances of culture media for Spirulina cultivation. Further study is needed in modifying or exploring alternative culture media utilising waste, wastewater, or by-products from industrial processes to ensure the sustainability of environment and nutrients source for cultivation in the long term. Moreover, the current development of utilising wastewater medium only support the growth of Spirulina however it cannot eliminate the negative impacts of wastewater. In fact, the recent developments in coupling with wastewater treatment technology can eradicate the negative impacts of wastewater while supporting the growth of Spirulina. The application of Spirulina cultivation in wastewater able to resolve the global environmental pollution issues, produce value added product and even generate green electricity. This would benefit the society, business, and environment in achieving a sustainable circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooi Ren Lim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Chih-Kai Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, No. 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan.
| | - Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh
- Study Program of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia.
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai-603110, India.
| | - Nguyen Duc Huy
- Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Hue, 49000, Viet Nam.
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, 43500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Growing Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) in seawater supplemented with digestate: Trade-offs between increased salinity, nutrient and light availability. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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