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Wang Y, Deng M, Zhou S, Li L, Song K. Increasing fish production in recirculating aquaculture system by integrating a biofloc-worm reactor for protein recovery. WATER RESEARCH X 2024; 24:100246. [PMID: 39220625 PMCID: PMC11363497 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aquaculture, producing half of global fish production, offers a high-quality protein source for humans. Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) through microbial protein recovery is crucial for increasing fish production and reducing environmental footprint. However, the poor palatability and high moisture content of microbial protein make its utilization challenging. Here, a biofloc-worm reactor was integrated into a recirculating aquaculture system (BW_RAS) for the first time to convert microbial protein into Tubificidae (Oligochaeta) biomass, which was used as direct feed for culturing fish. Batch experiments indicated that an aeration rate of 0.132 m3 L -1 h -1 and a worm density of 0.3 g cm-2 on the carrier were optimal for microbial biomass growth and worm predation, respectively. Compared to the biofloc reactor-based recirculating aquaculture system (B_RAS), the BW_RAS improved water quality, NUE, and fish production by 17.1 % during a 120-day aquaculture period. The abundance of heterotrophic aerobic denitrifier Deinococcus in BW_RAS was one order of magnitude higher than in B_RAS, while heterotrophic bacteria Mycobacterium was more abundant in B_RAS. Denitrifiers cooperated with organic matter degraders and nitrogen assimilation bacteria for protein recovery and gaseous nitrogen loss while competing with predatory bacteria. Function prediction and qPCR indicated greater aerobic respiration, nitrate assimilation, nitrification (AOB-amoA), and denitrification (napA, nirK, nirS, nosZI), but lower fermentation in BWR compared to BR. This study demonstrated that BW_RAS increased microbial protein production and aerobic nitrogen cycling through ongoing worm predation, further enhancing fish production to a commercially viable level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuren Wang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shuni Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Li
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Zhao C, Chen N, Liu T, Liu W, Dipama WE, Feng C. The mechanism of microbial sulfate reduction in high concentration sulfate wastewater enhanced by maifanite. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121775. [PMID: 38761596 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Excessive sulfate levels in water bodies pose a dual threat to the ecological environment and human health. The microbial removal of sulfate encounters challenges, particularly in environments with high sulfate concentrations, where the gradual accumulation of sulfide hampers microbial activity. This study focuses on elucidating the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of microbial sulfate reduction in high-concentration sulfate wastewater through a comparative analysis of maifanite and zeolite biostimulants. The investigation reveals that zeolite primarily facilitates microbial growth by providing attachment sites, while maifanite augments sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) activity through the release of active substances such as Mo, Ca, and Cu. The addition of maifanite proves instrumental in enhancing microbial activity, manifesting as increased microbial load and protein production, augmented extracellular polymer generation, accelerated electron transfer, and facilitated microbial growth and biofilm formation. Noteworthy is the observation that the combined application of maifanite and zeolite exhibited a synergistic effect, resulting in a 167 % and 68 % increase in sulfate reduction rate compared to the utilization of maifanite (0.12 d-1) or zeolite (0.19 d-1) in isolation. Within this synergistic context, the relative abundance of Desulfobacteraceae reaches a peak of 15.4 %. The outcomes of this study corroborate the distinct promotion mechanisms of maifanite and zeolite in microbial sulfate reduction, offering novel insights into the application of maifanite in the context of high-concentration sulfate removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaorui Zhao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Nan Chen
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mineral Environmental Function, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Wesmanegda Elisee Dipama
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Chuanping Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Ma Y, Li J, Zheng Z, Chen G, Wang H, Yue L, Li Q, Liu Y. Establishment and optimization of sulfur-based autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrification biofilters for advanced post-anaerobic treatment of effluent from kitchen wastewater and landfill leachate under low temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130155. [PMID: 38056681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate treatment is a major challenge in wastewater treatment. In this study, two sulfur-based autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrification biofilters (Ra biofilter with room-temperature molded filler and Rb biofilter with melt molded filler) were used to treat kitchen-landfill leachate at low temperatures. The effects of reflux ratio, concentrations of NaHCO3, and Na2S2O3 on the total nitrogen removal efficiency were analyzed, and based on response surface methodology, the optimum parameters were determined. After optimization, the total nitrogen removal efficiency for the Ra and Rb biofilters increased by 83% and 81%, respectively. Moreover, sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification accounted for more than 70% of the nitrogen removal in both biofilters. Based on high-throughput sequencing results, the functional bacteria exhibited high abundance in the Ra biofilter, indicating that the room-temperature molded filler favored the enrichment of functional bacteria. These findings were important for optimizing the operation of sulfur autotrophic-heterotrophic denitrification biofilters at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Zhaoming Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Urban Sewage Advanced Treatment and Resource Utilization Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Gang Chen
- CUCDE Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Houbing Wang
- CUCDE Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Lei Yue
- CUCDE Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Qiang Li
- CUCDE Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Yifu Liu
- CUCDE Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100120, China
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4
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Cruces M, Suárez J, Nancucheo I, Schwarz A. Optimization of the chemolithotrophic denitrification of ion exchange concentrate using hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119283. [PMID: 37839208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was used to remove nitrate from a synthetic ion-exchange brine made up of 23.8 g L-1 NaCl. To aid the selection of the best nitrate management strategy, our research was based on the integrated analysis of ionic exchange and MBfR processes, including a detailed cost analysis. The nitrate removal flux was not affected if key nutrients were present in the feed solution including potassium and sodium bicarbonate. Operating pH was maintained between 7 and 8. By using a H2 pressure of 15 psi, a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 h, and a surface loading rate of 13.6 ± 0.2 g N m-2 d-1, the average nitrate removal flux was 3.3 ± 0.6 g N m-2 d-1. At HRTs of up to 24 h, the system was able to maintain a removal flux of 1.6 ± 0.2 g N m-2 d-1. Microbial diversity analysis showed that the consortium was dominated by the genera Sulfurimonas and Marinobacter. The estimated cost for a 200 m3/h capacity, coupled ion exchange (IX) + MBfR treatment plant is 0.43 USD/m3. This is a sustainable and competitive alternative to an IX-only plant for the same flowrate. The proposed treatment option allows for brine recycling and reduces costs by 55% by avoiding brine disposal expenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Cruces
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, 4070386, Chile
| | - José Suárez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, 4070386, Chile
| | - Iván Nancucheo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción, 4080871, Chile
| | - Alex Schwarz
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad de Concepción, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, 4070386, Chile.
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Shao L, Wang D, Chen G, Zhao X, Fan L. Advance in the sulfur-based electron donor autotrophic denitrification for nitrate nitrogen removal from wastewater. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:7. [PMID: 37938419 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
In the field of wastewater treatment, nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) is one of the significant contaminants of concern. Sulfur autotrophic denitrification technology, which uses a variety of sulfur-based electron donors to reduce NO3--N to nitrogen (N2) through sulfur autotrophic denitrification bacteria, has emerged as a novel nitrogen removal technology to replace heterotrophic denitrification in the field of wastewater treatment due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and high nitrogen removal efficiency. This paper reviews the advance of reduced sulfur compounds (such as elemental sulfur, sulfide, and thiosulfate) and iron sulfides (such as ferrous sulfide, pyrrhotite, and pyrite) electron donors for treating NO3--N in wastewater by sulfur autotrophic denitrification technology, including the dominant bacteria types and the sulfur autotrophic denitrification process based on various electron donors are introduced in detail, and their operating costs, nitrogen removal performance and impacts on the ecological environment are analyzed and compared. Moreover, the engineering applications of sulfur-based electron donor autotrophic denitrification technology were comprehensively summarized. According to the literature review, the focus of future industry research were discussed from several aspects as well, which would provide ideas for the application and optimization of the sulfur autotrophic denitrification process for deep and efficient removal of NO3--N in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Shao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, 110870, China
| | - Dexi Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, 110870, China
| | - Gong Chen
- School of Chemical Equipment, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111000, China
| | - Xibo Zhao
- Weihai Baike Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Weihai, 264200, China
| | - Lihua Fan
- School of Chemical Equipment, Shenyang University of Technology, Liaoyang, 111000, China.
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6
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Zhang H, Wei T, Li Q, Fu L, He L, Wang Y. Metagenomic 16S rDNA reads of in situ preserved samples revealed microbial communities in the Yongle blue hole. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16257. [PMID: 37941937 PMCID: PMC10629384 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge on biogeochemistry and microbial ecology of marine blue holes is limited due to challenges in collecting multilayered water column and oxycline zones. In this study, we collected samples from 16 water layers in Yongle blue hole (YBH) located in the South China Sea using the in situ microbial filtration and fixation (ISMIFF) apparatus. The microbial communities based on 16S rRNA metagenomic reads for the ISMIFF samples showed high microbial diversity and consistency among samples with similar dissolved oxygen levels. At the same depth of the anoxic layer, the ISMIFF samples were dominated by sulfate-reducing bacteria from Desulfatiglandales (17.96%). The sulfide concentration is the most significant factor that drives the division of microbial communities in YBH, which might support the prevalence of sulfate-reducing microorganisms in the anoxic layers. Our results are different from the microbial community structures of a Niskin sample of this study and the reported samples collected in 2017, in which a high relative abundance of Alteromonadales (26.59%) and Thiomicrospirales (38.13%), and Arcobacteraceae (11.74%) was identified. We therefore demonstrate a new profile of microbial communities in YBH probably due to the effect of sampling and molecular biological methods, which provides new possibilities for further understanding of the material circulation mechanism of blue holes and expanding anoxic marine water zones under global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Zhang
- Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Taoshu Wei
- Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Sansha Trackline Institute of Coral Reef Environment Protection, Sansha, Hainan, China
| | - Lisheng He
- Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Wang L, Liu J, Li Y, Liu Z, Zhang L, Che H, Cui H, Zhang Y. Elemental sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification process for effective removal of nitrate in mariculture wastewater: Performance, kinetics and microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 337:139354. [PMID: 37394184 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
To date, there is a lack of systematic investigation on the elemental sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) process for removing nitrate (NO3--N) from mariculture wastewater deficient in organic carbon sources. Therefore, a packed-bed reactor was established and continuously operated for 230 days to investigate the operation performance, kinetic characteristics and microbial community of SDAD biofilm process. Results indicate that the NO3--N removal efficiencies and rates varied with the operational conditions including HRT (1-4 h), influent concentrations of NO3--N (25-100 mg L-1) and DO (0.2-7.0 mg L-1), and temperature (10oC-30 °C), in the ranges of 51.4%-98.6% and 0.054-0.546 g L-1 d-1, respectively. Limestone could partially neutralize the produced acidity. Small portions of NO3--N were converted to nitrite (<4.5%) and ammonia (<2.8%) in the reactor. Operational conditions also influenced the production of acidity, nitrite and ammonia as well as sulfate. Shortening HRT and increasing influent NO3--N concentration turned the optimal fitting model depicting the NO3--N removal along the reactor from half-order to zero-order. Furthermore, the NO3--N removal was accelerated by a higher temperature and influent NO3--N concentration and a lower HRT and influent DO concentration. Microbial richness, evenness and diversity gradually decreased during the autotrophic denitrifier enrichment cultivation and the reactor start-up and operation. Sulfurimonas constituted the predominate genus and the primary functional bacteria in the reactor. This study highlights the SDAD as a promising way to control the coastal eutrophication associated with mariculture wastewater discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Yongfu Li
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Long Zhang
- National Fisheries Technology Extension Center, China Society of Fisheries, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Hong Che
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Hongwu Cui
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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8
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Cheng Q, Tian H, Guo X, Feng S, Du E, Peng M, Zhang J. Advanced synergetic nitrogen removal of municipal wastewater using oxidation products of refractory organic matters in secondary effluent by biogenic manganese oxides as carbon source. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120163. [PMID: 37276654 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high operational cost and secondary pollution of the conventional advanced nitrogen removal of municipal wastewater, a novel concept and technique of advanced synergetic nitrogen removal of partial-denitrification anammox and denitrification was proposed, which used the oxidation products of refractory organic matters in the secondary effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) by biogenic manganese oxides (BMOs) as carbon source. When the influent NH4+-N in the denitrifying filter was about 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 7.0 mg/L, total nitrogen (TN) in the effluent decreased from about 22 mg/L to 11.00, 7.85, 6.85, 5.20, 4.15 and 2.09 mg/L, and the corresponding removal rate was 49.15, 64.82, 69.40, 76.70, 81.36 and 90.58%, respectively. The proportional contribution of the partial-denitrification anammox pathway to the TN removal was 12.00, 26.45, 39.70, 46.04, 54.97 and 64.01%, and the actual CODcr consumption of removing 1 mg TN was 0.75, 1.43, 1.26, 1.17, 1.08 and 0.99 mg, respectively, which was much lower than the theoretical CODcr consumption of denitrification. Furthermore, CODcr in the effluent decreased to 8.12 mg/L with a removal rate of 72.40%, and the removed organic matters were mainly non-fluorescent organic matters. Kinds of denitrifying bacteria, anammox bacteria, hydrolytic bacteria and manganese oxidizing bacteria (MnOB) were identified in the denitrifying filter, which demonstrated that the advanced synergetic nitrogen removal was achieved. This novel technology presented the advantages of high efficiency of TN and CODcr removal, low operational cost and no secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Cheng
- School of Urban Construction, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China.
| | - Hui Tian
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, PR China
| | - Xujing Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, PR China.
| | - Shanshan Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Erdeng Du
- School of Urban Construction, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Mingguo Peng
- School of Urban Construction, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
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9
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Dasi EA, Cunningham JA, Talla E, Ergas SJ. Autotrophic denitrification supported by sphalerite and oyster shells: Chemical and microbiome analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 375:128820. [PMID: 36871699 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This research evaluated the metal-sulfide mineral, sphalerite, as an electron donor for autotrophic denitrification, with and without oyster shells (OS). Batch reactors containing sphalerite simultaneously removed NO3- and PO43- from groundwater. OS addition minimized NO2- accumulation and removed 100% PO43- in approximately half the time compared with sphalerite alone. Further investigation using domestic wastewater revealed that sphalerite and OS removed NO3- at a rate of 0.76 ± 0.36 mg NO3--N/(L · d), while maintaining consistent PO43- removal (∼97%) over 140 days. Increasing the sphalerite and OS dose did not improve the denitrification rate. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing indicated that sulfur-oxidizing species of Chromatiales, Burkholderiales, and Thiobacillus played a role in N removal during sphalerite autotrophic denitrification. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of N removal during sphalerite autotrophic denitrification, which was previously unknown. Knowledge from this work could be used to develop novel technologies for addressing nutrient pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Dasi
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida (USF), 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Cunningham
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida (USF), 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Emmanuel Talla
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne (LCB), F-13009, Marseille, France
| | - Sarina J Ergas
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida (USF), 4202 E. Fowler Ave, ENG 030, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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Gao M, Dang H, Zou X, Yu N, Guo H, Yao Y, Liu Y. Deciphering the role of granular activated carbon (GAC) in anammox: Effects on microbial succession and communication. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119753. [PMID: 36841162 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) offered an energy-efficient option for nitrogen removal from wastewater. Granular activated carbon (GAC) addition has been reported that improved biomass immobilization, but the role of GAC in anammox reactors has not been sufficiently revealed. In this study, it was observed that GAC addition in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor led to the significantly shortened anammox enrichment time (shortened by 45 days) than the reactor without GAC addition. The nitrogen removal rate was 0.83 kg N/m3/day versus 0.76 kg N/m3/day in GAC and non-GAC reactors, respectively after 255 days' operation. Acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum sensing signal molecule C8-HSL had comparable concentrations in both anammox reactors, whereas the signal molecule C12-HSL was more pervasive in the reactor containing GAC than the reactor without GAC. Microbial analysis revealed distinct anammox development in both reactors, with Candidatus Brocadia predominant in the reactor that did not contain GAC, and Candidatus Kuenenia predominant in the reactor that contained GAC. Denitrification bacteria likely supported anammox metabolism in both reactors. The analyses of microbial functions suggested that AHL-dependent quorum sensing was enhanced with the addition of GAC, and that GAC possibly augmented the extracellular electron transfer (EET)-dependent anammox reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Gao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongyu Dang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xin Zou
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Najiaowa Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hengbo Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yiduo Yao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Cao G, Zhao J, Zhao G, Wan D, Wu Z, Li R, He Q. Determination of the Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Sulfate from the Sulfur Autotrophic Denitrification Process to Juvenile Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47165-47173. [PMID: 36570241 PMCID: PMC9773951 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur-based materials are widely used as electron donors for denitrification to enhance nitrogen removal from water. This leads to an increased sulfate concentration in the effluent or sulfate accumulation in recirculating aquaculture systems. This study explored acute and chronic toxicity of sulfate to juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) and investigated the histopathological changes in the gills of juvenile zebrafish exposed to sulfate. Results show that zebrafish had a high tolerance to sulfate, with no acute toxicity at sulfate concentrations from 250 to 3200 mg/L. For the chronic toxicity study, it was found that zebrafish mortality decreased with the increase in sulfate concentrations ranging from 250 to 1500 mg/L. In contrast, when the sulfate concentration was 1500-3000 mg/L, zebrafish mortality increased with the increasing sulfate concentration. In addition, in the ion balance test, KCl was added to balance the effects of Na+ from the Na2SO4 used to obtain the desired sulfate concentrations, showing that fish mortality correspondingly increased with increasing KCl addition. Furthermore, when living in an environment with elevated sulfate concentrations for a long period, changes were observed in the morphology, behavior, and gill tissue of the zebrafish, including slow and lateral swimming; bottom settling; and large opening and closing, lamellar fusion, and necrosis of gills. This research reveals the toxicity of sulfate to aquatic organisms, providing a scientific basis for the promotion and application of sulfur or sulfur-based materials in autotrophic reduction processes for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaigai Cao
- College
of Environmental Engineering, Henan University
of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junting Zhao
- College
of Environmental Engineering, Henan University
of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College
of Environmental Engineering, Henan University
of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dongjin Wan
- College
of Environmental Engineering, Henan University
of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhenjun Wu
- College
of Environmental Engineering, Henan University
of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Rui Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qiaochong He
- College
of Environmental Engineering, Henan University
of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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12
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Wu Z, Liu G, Ji Y, Li P, Yu X, Qiao W, Wang B, Shi K, Liu W, Liang B, Wang D, Yanuka-Golub K, Freilich S, Jiang J. Electron acceptors determine the BTEX degradation capacity of anaerobic microbiota via regulating the microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114420. [PMID: 36167116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic degradation is the major pathway for microbial degradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) under electron acceptor lacking conditions. However, how exogenous electron acceptors modulate BTEX degradation through shaping the microbial community structure remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effect of various exogenous electron acceptors on BTEX degradation as well as methane production in anaerobic microbiota, which were enriched from the same contaminated soil. It was found that the BTEX degradation capacities of the anaerobic microbiota gradually increased along with the increasing redox potentials of the exogenous electron acceptors supplemented (WE: Without exogenous electron acceptors < SS: Sulfate supplement < FS: Ferric iron supplement < NS: Nitrate supplement), while the complexity of the co-occurring networks (e.g., avgK and links) of the microbiota gradually decreased, showing that microbiota supplemented with higher redox potential electron acceptors were less dependent on the formation of complex microbial interactions to perform BTEX degradation. Microbiota NS showed the highest degrading capacity and the broadest substrate-spectrum for BTEX, and it could metabolize BTEX through multiple modules which not only contained fewer species but also different key microbial taxa (eg. Petrimonas, Achromobacter and Comamonas). Microbiota WE and FS, with the highest methanogenic capacities, shared common core species such as Sedimentibacter, Acetobacterium, Methanobacterium and Smithella/Syntrophus, which cooperated with Geobacter (microbiota WE) or Desulfoprunum (microbiota FS) to perform BTEX degradation and methane production. This study demonstrates that electron acceptors may alter microbial function by reshaping microbial community structure and regulating microbial interactions and provides guidelines for electron acceptor selection for bioremediation of aromatic pollutant-contaminated anaerobic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Wu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guiping Liu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanhan Ji
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pengfa Li
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenjing Qiao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Baozhan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Environmental Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Keren Yanuka-Golub
- The Galilee Society Institute of Applied Research, Shefa-Amr, 20200, Israel
| | - Shiri Freilich
- Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, Israel.
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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13
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Lee YJ, Lin BL, Lei Z. Nitrous oxide emission mitigation from biological wastewater treatment - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 362:127747. [PMID: 35964917 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emitted from wastewater treatment processes has emerged as a focal point for academic and practical research amidst pressing environmental issues. This review presents an updated view on the biological pathways for N2O production and consumption in addition to the critical process factors affecting N2O emission. The current research trends including the strain and reactor aspects were then outlined with discussions. Last but not least, the research needs were proposed. The holistic life cycle assessment needs to be performed to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of the proposed mitigation strategies or recovery options. This review also provides the background information for the proposed future research prospects on N2O mitigation and recovery technologies. As pointed out, dilution effects of the produced N2O gas product would hinder its use as renewable energy; instead, its use as an effective oxidizing agent is proposed as a promising recovery option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10649, Taiwan
| | - Bin-le Lin
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
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14
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Guo G, Li Z, Chen L, Ling Q, Zan F, Isawi H, Hao T, Ma J, Wang Z, Chen G, Lu H. Advances in elemental sulfur-driven bioprocesses for wastewater treatment: From metabolic study to application. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 213:118143. [PMID: 35149365 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elemental sulfur (S0) is known to be an abundant, non-toxic material with a wide range of redox states (-2 to +6) and may serve as an excellent electron carrier in wastewater treatment. In turn, S0-driven bioprocesses, which employ S0 as electron donor or acceptor, have recently established themselves as cost-effective therefore attractive solutions for wastewater treatment. Numerous related processes have, to date, been developed from laboratory experiments into full-scale applications, including S0-driven autotrophic denitrification for nitrate removal and S0-reducing organic removal. Compared to the conventional activated sludge process, these bioprocesses require only a small amount of organic matter and produce very little sludge. There have been great efforts to characterize chemical and biogenic S0 and related functional microorganisms in order to identify the biochemical pathways, upgrade the bioprocesses, and assess the impact of the operating factors on process performance, ultimately aiming to better understand and to optimize the processes. This paper is therefore a comprehensive overview of emerging S0-driven biotechnologies, including the development of S0-driven autotrophic denitrification and S0-based sulfidogenesis, as well as the associated microbiology and biochemistry. Also reviewed here are the physicochemical characteristics of S0 and the effects that environmental factors such as pH, influent sulfur/nitrate ratio, temperature, S0 particle size and reactor configurations have on the process. Research gaps, challenges of process applications and potential areas for future research are further proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhaoling Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingshan Ling
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Heba Isawi
- Desert Research Center, Water Resources and Desert Soils Division, Egyptian Desalination Research Center of Excellence (EDRC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zongping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Tang L, Li J, Li Y, Zhang X, Shi X. Mixotrophic denitrification processes based on composite filler for low carbon/nitrogen wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131781. [PMID: 34365165 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Removal of nitrogen from wastewater with low carbon/nitrogen ratio was treated by using a denitrification packed bed reactor. Composite fillers with both autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification capacity were prepared by mixing melted polycaprolactone and elemental sulfur at various alkalinity ratios (heterotrophic to autotrophic ratios of 1:2, 1:1, 3:2, and 2:1). Optimum denitrification was achieved at a ratio of 2:1. The diversity of the microbial community in the biofilm on the surface of the composite fillers showed that the increase of the elemental sulfur in the composite fillers has led to the increase of the microbial abundance. Furthermore, biofilm composition developed from a single dominant species to multiple species, and genes related to sulfur metabolism increased while those related to denitrification decreased slightly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liaofan Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Xianbin Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
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