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Zhao R, Gao H, Duan L, Yu R. Synergistic toxic effects of high-strength ammonia and ZnO nanoparticles on biological nitrogen removal systems and role of exogenous C 10-HSL regulation. J Environ Sci (China) 2025; 150:385-394. [PMID: 39306414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and impacts of N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL)-based quorum sensing (QS) on biological nitrogen removal (BNR) performance have been well-investigated. However, the effects of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentrations on NP toxicity and AHL regulation have seldom been addressed yet. This study consulted on the impacts of ZnO NPs on BNR systems when high NH4+-N concentration was available. The synergistic toxic effects of high-strength NH4+-N (200 mg/L) and ZnO NPs resulted in decreased ammonia oxidation rates and dropped the nitrogen removal efficiencies by 17.5% ± 0.2%. The increased extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production was observed in response to the high NH4+-N and ZnO NP stress, which indicated the defense mechanism against the toxic effects in the BNR systems was stimulated. Furthermore, the regulatory effects of exogenous N-decanoyl-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL)-mediated QS system on NP-stressed BNR systems were revealed to improve the BNR performance under different NH4+-N concentrations. The C10-HSL regulated the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, denitrification functional enzyme activities, and antioxidant enzyme activities, respectively. This probably synergistically enhanced the defense mechanism against NP toxicity. However, compared to the low NH4+-N concentration of 60 mg/L, the efficacy of C10-HSL was inhibited at high NH4+-N levels of 200 mg/L. The findings provided the significant application potential of QS system for BNR when facing toxic compound shock threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Wuxi Engineering Research Center of Taihu Lake Water Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Wuxi Engineering Research Center of Taihu Lake Water Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijie Duan
- Guangdong Institute of Socialism, Guangzhou 510400, China
| | - Ran Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Wuxi Engineering Research Center of Taihu Lake Water Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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2
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Wimalaweera I, Zuo F, Tang Q, Sui Q, Jinadasa S, Weragoda S, Ritigala T, Weerasooriya R, Wang Y, Zhong H, Makehelwala M, Wei Y. Synchronised removal of nitrogen and sulphate from rubber industrial wastewater by coupling of Sulfammox and sulphide-driven autotrophic denitrification in anaerobic membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 416:131785. [PMID: 39542062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
Global rubber industry, growing 4-6 % annually with 13.76 million Mt of rubber produced in 2019, significantly impacts the economy. This study explores coupling sulfate-dependent ammonium oxidation (Sulfammox) and sulfide-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) within an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to treat high-strength natural rubber wastewater. Over 225 days, the AnMBR system achieved maximal chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and sulfate sulfur (SO42--S) removal efficiencies of 58 %, 31 %, 13 %, and 45 %, respectively. TN is predominantly removed through Sulfammox (accounting for 49 % of NH4+-N removal), SDAD, and conventional denitrification pathways. Sulfate removal is achieved via Sulfammox (responsible for 43 % of SO42--S removal), and Dissimilatory sulfate-reducing (DSR) processes (contributing 57 % of SO42--S removal). Microbial analysis identified Desulfovibrio and Sulfurospirillum as key microbes, while metagenomic analysis highlighted crucial sulfur and nitrogen cycling pathways. The findings support Sulfammox and SDAD as promising eco-friendly strategies for treating ammonia- and sulfate-rich industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishanka Wimalaweera
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; China-Sri Lanka Joint Research and Demonstration Center for Water Technology, Ministry of Water Supply, Meewathura, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Fumin Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qihe Tang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qianwen Sui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shameen Jinadasa
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Kandy 20400, Sri Lanka; School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg QLD4670, Australia
| | - Sujithra Weragoda
- China-Sri Lanka Joint Research and Demonstration Center for Water Technology, Ministry of Water Supply, Meewathura, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka; National Water Supply and Drainage Board, Katugastota 20800, Sri Lanka
| | - Tharindu Ritigala
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rohan Weerasooriya
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hanthana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Madhubhashini Makehelwala
- China-Sri Lanka Joint Research and Demonstration Center for Water Technology, Ministry of Water Supply, Meewathura, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Yuansong Wei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hanthana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
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Xu Y, Liu Y, Liang C, Guo W, Ngo HH, Peng L. Favipiravir biotransformation by a side-stream partial nitritation sludge: Transformation mechanisms, pathways and toxicity evaluation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141580. [PMID: 38430943 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Information on biotransformation of antivirals in the side-stream partial nitritation (PN) process was limited. In this study, a side-stream PN sludge was adopted to investigate favipiravir biotransformation under controlled ammonium and pH levels. Results showed that free nitrous acid (FNA) was an important factor that inhibited ammonia oxidation and the cometabolic biodegradation of favipiravir induced by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The removal efficiency of favipiravir reached 12.6% and 35.0% within 6 days at the average FNA concentrations of 0.07 and 0.02 mg-N L-1, respectively. AOB-induced cometabolism was the sole contributing mechanism to favipiravir removal, excluding AOB-induced metabolism and heterotrophic bacteria-induced biodegradation. The growth of Escherichia coli was inhibited by favipiravir, while the AOB-induced cometabolism facilitated the alleviation of the antimicrobial activities with the formed transformation products. The biotransformation pathways were proposed based on the roughly identified structures of transformation products, which mainly involved hydroxylation, nitration, dehydrogenation and covalent bond breaking under enzymatic conditions. The findings would provide insights on enriching AOB abundance and enhancing AOB-induced cometabolism under FNA stress when targeting higher removal of antivirals during the side-stream wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yaxuan Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanzhou Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Lai Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Dou Q, Zhang L, Dong T, Song Z, Fan X, Peng Y, Wang X, Yang J. Degradation properties of fulvic acid and its microbially driven mechanism from a partial nitritation bioreactor through multi-spectral and bioinformatic analysis. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:318-331. [PMID: 37778807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study employed multispectral techniques to evaluate fulvic acid (FA) compositional characteristic and elucidate its biodegradation mechanisms during partial nitritation (PN) process. Results showed that FA removal efficiency (FRE) decreased from 90.22 to 23.11% when FA concentrations in the reactor were increased from 0 to 162.30 mg/L, and that molecular size, degree of aromatization and humification of the effluent FA macromolecules all increased after treatment. Microbial population analysis indicated that the proliferation of the Comamonas, OLB12 and Thauera exhibit high FA utilization capacity in lower concentrations (<50.59 mg/L), promoting the degradation and removal of macromolecular FA. In addition, the sustained increase in external FA may decrease the abundance of above functional microorganisms, resulting in a rapid drop in FRE. Furthermore, from the genetic perspective, the elevated FA levels restricted carbohydrate (ko00620, ko00010 and ko00020) and nitrogen (HAO, AMO, NIR and NOR) metabolism-related pathways, thereby impeding FA removal and total nitrogen loss associated with N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhao Dou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Tingjun Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zixuan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xuepeng Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jiachun Yang
- Environmental Protection Development Group Co., Ltd., Shandong 250101, China
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Wu T, Ding J, Zhong L, Sun HJ, Pang JW, Zhao L, Bai SW, Ren NQ, Yang SS. Sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation: A promising novel process for nitrogen and sulfur removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 893:164997. [PMID: 37336410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (sulfammox), a novel and promising process that has emerged in recent years, is essential to nitrogen and sulfur cycles and offers significant potential for the elimination of ammonium and sulfate. This review discussed the development of sulfammox process, the mechanism, characteristics of microbes, potential influencing factors, applicable bioreactors, and proposed the research needs and future perspective. The sulfammox process could be affected by many factors, such as the NH4+/SO42- ratio, carbon source, pH, and temperature. However, these potential influencing factors were only obtained based on what has been seen in papers studying related processes such as denitrification, sulfate-reduction, etc., and have to be further tested in bioreactors carrying out the sulfammox process in the future. Currently, sulfammox is predominantly used in granular activated carbon anaerobic fluidized beds, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors, anaerobic expanded granular bed reactors, rotating biological contact reactors, and moving bed biofilm reactors. In the future, the operating parameters of sulfammox should be further optimized to improve the processing performance, and the system can be further scaled up for actual wastewater treatment. In addition, the isolation, identification, and characterization of key functional microbes and the analysis of microbial interrelationships will also be focused on in future studies to enable an in-depth analysis of the sulfammox mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Le Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Han-Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ji-Wei Pang
- China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group, CECEP Talroad Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100096, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shun-Wen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Wu H, Wang G, Li L, Gao Z, Wang M, Wang J, Zhang Z, Wang A, Tian X, Li J. Partial nitritation and nitrogen removal of vacuum toilet wastewater from high-speed trains in a sequential batch reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138657. [PMID: 37040837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the high contents of organics and nitrogen in vacuum toilet wastewater (VTW) generated from high-speed trains, onsite pretreatment is usually required before VTW can be discharged into municipal sewers. In this study, a partial nitritation process was stably established in a sequential batch reactor to efficiently utilize the organics in synthetic and real VTWs for nitrogen removal and to produce an effluent suitable for anaerobic ammonia oxidation. In spite of the high fluctuations of COD and nitrogen in VTW, the organics used for nitrogen removal stabilized at 1.97 ± 0.18 mg COD mg N-1 removed, and the effluent NO2--N/NH4+-N ratios were maintained at 1.26 ± 0.13. The removal efficiencies of nitrogen and COD were 31.8 ± 3.5% and 65.2 ± 5.3% under the volumetric loading rates of 1.14 ± 0.15 kg N m-3 d-1 and 1.03 ± 0.26 kg COD m-3 d-1 for real VTW, respectively. Microbial community analysis revealed that Nitrosomonas (0.95%-1.71%) was the dominant autotrophic ammonium-oxidizing bacterial genus, but nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, Nitrolancea, was severely inhibited, with a relative abundance less than 0.05%. The relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria increased by 7.34% when the influent was switched to real VTW. Functional profile predictions of the biomass showed that the decrease in the COD/N ratio and the switch of reactor influent from synthetic to real VTW increased the relative abundance of enzymes and modules involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Guotian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Watershed and Ecology, Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhenchao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhang
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiujun Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Zhang Y, Deng J, Xiao X, Li YY, Liu J. Insights on pretreatment technologies for partial nitrification/anammox processes: A critical review and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129351. [PMID: 37336448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
For almost 20 years, partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) has been the subject of intensive study and development. Pretreatment of wastewater for PN/A is crucial because the inhibitory substances in the influent may reduce the performance of PN/A. In this review, the current PN/A pretreatment technologies are comprehensively summarized. The selection of pretreatment technology for PN/A depending on the source of the wastewater and its main characteristics (high-strength wastewater or municipal wastewater, organic matters, suspended solids). Comparison of pretreatment technologies through multiple perspectives including wastewater characteristics, the objectives of the wastewater treatment (treating requirement, energy and resource recovery demand), reactor configuration of PN/A. Based on the discussion, two integrated processes, HRAS + one-stage PN/A and advanced AD + two-stage PN/A, are recommended as the preferred processes for treating municipal wastewater and wastewater with a high-strength ammonium, respectively. This review aims to provide guidance for future research and development of PN/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiayuan Deng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangmin Xiao
- Cangzhou Water Supply and Drainage Group Company Limited, 15 West Jiuhe Road, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Wang L, Kang X, Liu Y, Huang X. Free ammonia-free nitrous acid based partial nitrification in sequencing batch membrane aerated biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120168. [PMID: 37290194 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) has attracted a lot of attention as an energy-efficient integrated nitrogen removing technology in recent years. However, it is lacking of understanding to realize stable partial nitrification in MABR because of its unique oxygen transfer mode and biofilm structure. In this study, free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA) based control strategies for partial nitrification with low NH4+-N concentration were proposed in a MABR of sequencing batch mode. The MABR was operated for over 500 days under different influent NH4+-N concentrations. With the influent NH4+-N of around 200 mg-N/L, partial nitrification could be established with relatively low concentration of FA (0.4-2.2 mg-N/L) which suppressed nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) on the biofilm. With lower influent NH4+-N concentration of around 100 mg-N/L, the FA concentration was lower and strengthened suppression strategies based on FNA were needed. With the final pH of operating cycles below 5.0, the FNA produced in the sequencing batch MABR could stabilize partial nitrification by eliminating NOB on the biofilm. Since the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was lower without the blow-off of dissolved carbon dioxide in the bubbleless MABR, longer hydraulic retention time was required to reach a low pH for high concentration of FNA to suppress NOB. After exposures to FNA, the relative abundance of Nitrospira was decreased by 94.6%, while the abundance of Nitrosospira increased greatly which became another dominant AOB genus in addition to Nitrosomonas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Kang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanchen Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Research and Application Center for Membrane Technology, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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