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Jiao W, Ding X, Yan S, Yan Z, Jiao W, Wang Z, Fang Y. Coupling experimental with simulation studies into the impact factors and reaction mechanism of sawdust char pressured hydrogasification on K-modified transition metal composite catalysts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130399. [PMID: 38286165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of biomass char was hindered by the low gasification activity due to thick ring structures and unclear gasification mechanism. Herein, the mechanism was elucidated by experimental and DFT to improve the activity. The results demonstrated that temperature increased the gasification activity but did not changed the order of gasification activity of samples. Pressure dominated the position of the highest point of instantaneous CH4 yield, and high pressure enhanced carbon conversion by 81.72 % and 7.32 times. Moreover, KNi exhibited an uppermost catalytic activity with the instantaneous CH4 yield 1.89 times higher than that of raw char at 750 °C. The formation of the CxNi structure lowered the activation barrier for the ring opening reaction. Possible transformation pathways of Ni species were as follows: Ni(NO3)2·6H2O → NiO → Ni. KNi changed the reaction pathways and the most energy-consuming step. The study could shed light on the hydrogasification reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Jiao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, PR China.
| | - Shuai Yan
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Yan
- College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Weiyong Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yitian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
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Gao J, Wang ZQ, Li B, Zhao W, Ba ZR, Liu ZY, Huang JJ, Fang YT. Effect of hydrothermal pH values on the morphology of special microspheres of lignin-based porous carbon and the mechanism of carbon dioxide adsorption. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130171. [PMID: 38086460 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The study reports the economic and sustainable syntheses of a lignin-based porous carbon (LPC) for CO2 capture application. The pH values of hydrothermal solution affected the polymerization and aromatization of spheroidization, with morphological changes from blocky to microsphere. In addition, the reliable mechanisms of CO2 adsorption were proposed by combining experiments with Gaussian16 simulations based on DFT. The electrostatic attraction of oxygen-containing functional groups and the diffusivity resistance of CO2 in the pores are the key factors for the CO2 adsorption. The carboxyl groups have the strongest electrostatic attraction to CO2. LPC-pH 1 has the highest carboxyl group content, possessing a CO2 adsorption capacity of up to 5.10 mmol/g at 0℃, 1 bar. Furthermore, CO2 diffusion resistance became a main factor as the adsorption temperature increases. The innovative combination of quantum chemical calculations and microscopic properties provides a viable pathway for an insight into the future control of lignin-based carbon formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Biao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhong-Ren Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhe-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie-Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi-Tian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Sun L, Li M, Liu B, Li R, Deng H, Zhu X, Zhu X, Tsang DCW. Machine learning for municipal sludge recycling by thermochemical conversion towards sustainability. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130254. [PMID: 38151207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The sustainable disposal of high-moisture municipal sludge (MS) has received increasing attention. Thermochemical conversion technologies can be used to recycle MS into liquid/gas bio-fuel and value-added solid products. In this review, we compared energy recovery potential of common thermochemical technologies (i.e., incineration, pyrolysis, hydrothermal conversion) for MS disposal via statistical methods, which indicated that hydrothermal conversion had a great potential in achieving energy recovery from MS. The application of machine learning (ML) in MS recycling was discussed to decipher complex relationships among MS components, process parameters and physicochemical reactions. Comprehensive ML models should be developed considering successive reaction processes of thermochemical conversion in future studies. Furthermore, challenges and prospects were proposed to improve effectiveness of ML for energizing thermochemical conversion of MS regarding data collection and preprocessing, model optimization and interpretability. This review sheds light on mechanism exploration of MS thermochemical recycling by ML, and provide practical guidance for MS recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianpeng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Bingyou Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ruohong Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huanzhong Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiefei Zhu
- School of Advanced Energy, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xinzhe Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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Lee J, Lee S, Lin KYA, Jung S, Kwon EE. Abatement of odor emissions from wastewater treatment plants using biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122426. [PMID: 37607647 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Odor is a critical environmental problem that negatively affects people's quality of life. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) often emit various odorous compounds, such as ammonia, sulfur dioxide, and organosulfur. Abatement of odor emissions from WWTPs using biochar may contribute to achieving carbon neutrality due to the carbon negative nature, CO2 sorption, and negative priming effects of biochar. Biochar has a high specific surface area and microporous structure with appropriate activation, which is suitable for sorption purposes. Various research directions have been proposed to determine the biochar removal efficiency for different odorants released from WWTPs. According to the literature survey, the pre- and post-treatments (e.g., thermal treatment, chemical treatment, and metal impregnation) of biochar could enhance the removal capacity for the odorants emitted from WWTPs at comparable conditions, compared to unmodified biochar. The feedstock and production condition (particularly, pyrolysis temperature) of a biochar and initial concentration of an odorant markedly affect the biochar's odorant removal capacity and efficiency. Moreover, different adsorption systems for the removal of odorants emitted from WWTPs follow different adsorption models. Further research is required to establish the practical use of biochar for the mitigation of odors released from WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonho Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sungyup Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Chang YJ, Chang JS, Lee DJ. Gasification of biomass for syngas production: Research update and stoichiometry diagram presentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129535. [PMID: 37495160 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Gasification is a thermal process that converts organic materials into syngas, bio-oil, and solid residues. This mini-review provides an update on current research on producing high-quality syngas from biomass via gasification. Specifically, the review highlights the effective valorization of feedstocks, the development of novel catalysts for reforming reactions, the configuration of novel integrated gasification processes with an assisted field, and the proposal of advanced modeling tools, including the use of machine learning strategies for process design and optimization. The review also includes examples of using a stoichiometry diagram to describe biomass gasification. The research efforts in this area are constantly evolving, and this review provides an up-to-date overview of the most recent advances and prospects for future research. The proposed advancements in gasification technology have the potential to significantly contribute to sustainable energy production and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ju Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong; Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, 32003, Taiwan.
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Manikandan S, Vickram S, Subbaiya R, Karmegam N, Woong Chang S, Ravindran B, Kumar Awasthi M. Comprehensive review on recent production trends and applications of biochar for greener environment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129725. [PMID: 37683709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of biochar as a supplement for environmental restoration varies significantly based on the type of feedstocks used and the parameters of the pyrolysis process. This study comprehensively examines several aspects of biochar's potential benefits, its capacity to enhance crop yields, improve nutrient availability, support the co-composting, water restoration and enhance overall usage efficiency. The supporting mechanistic evidence for these claims is also evaluated. Additionally, the analysis identifies various gaps in research and proposes potential directions for further exploration to enhance the understanding of biochar application. As a mutually advantageous approach, the integration of biochar into agricultural contexts not only contributes to environmental restoration but also advances ecological sustainability. The in-depth review underscores the diverse suitability of biochar as a supplement for environmental restoration, contingent upon the specific feedstock sources and pyrolysis conditions used. However, concerns have been raised regarding potential impacts on human health within agricultural sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasubramanian Manikandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602 105. Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaram Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602 105. Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P O Box 21692 Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Lee J, Lee S, Park YK. Reduction of Odor-causing Compounds in Wastewater using Biochar: A Review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129419. [PMID: 37422094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater contains chemical compounds that cause malodors, such as ammonium cation, dimethyl sulfide, and volatile organic compounds. Biochar-based reduction in the odorants has been proposed as an effective approach along with maintaining environmental neutrality as biochar is a sustainable material made from biomass and biowaste. Biochar can have high specific surface area and microporous structure with proper activation, appropriate for sorption purposes. Recently, various research directions have been proposed to determine the removal efficiency of biochar for different odorants contained in wastewater. This article is aimed at providing the most updated review of biochar-based removal of odor-causing compounds in wastewater while highlighting the current advances. It was distinguished that the odorant removal performance of biochar is highly associated with the raw material and modification method of biochar, and the kind of odorants. Further research should be required for more practical use of biochar for the reduction of odorants in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonho Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Khan A, Ali I, Naqvi SR, AlMohamadi H, Shahbaz M, Ali AM, Shahzad K. Assessment of thermokinetic behaviour of tannery sludge in slow pyrolysis process through artificial neural network. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139226. [PMID: 37379972 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In the leather industry, tannery sludge is produced in large volume. This study investigated the thermal degradation behavior of tannery sludge using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The experiments were carried out in an inert atmosphere using nitrogen gas at varied heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 40 °C/min in the temperature range of 30-900 °C. For the kinetic parameters calculation, three different models, Friedman, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW), were employed. The average activation energy Ea obtained from Friedman method, KAS, and the OFW were 130.9 kJ mol-1, 143.14 kJ mol-1, and 147.19 kJ mol-1 respectively. Along with that experiment of pyrolysis was accomplished in fixed bed reactor at temperature of 400 °C. Biochar produced has a yield of about 71%. The analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy shows the different chemical compounds present in the bio-oil containing hydrocarbons (alkanes and alkenes), oxygen containing compounds (alcohols, aldehyde, ketones, esters carboxylic acids and the esters) and the nitrogen containing compounds. The kinetic assessment was complemented by frequency distribution of activation energy model (DAEM). In the pyrolysis of tannery sludge six pseudo-components were found to be involved. Furthermore, artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict the activation energy from conversion, temperature, and the heating rate data. MLP-3-11-1 described well the conversion behavior of tannery sludge pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Khan
- Laboratory of Alternative Fuels & Sustainability, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, 44000, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Raza Naqvi
- Laboratory of Alternative Fuels & Sustainability, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, 44000, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamad AlMohamadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arshid Mahmood Ali
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurram Shahzad
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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