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Sakisaka Y, Ishihata H, Maruyama K, Nemoto E, Chiba S, Nagamine M, Hasegawa H, Hatsuzawa T, Yamada S. Serial Cultivation of an MSC-Like Cell Line with Enzyme-Free Passaging Using a Microporous Titanium Scaffold. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1165. [PMID: 36770173 PMCID: PMC9919603 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro studies on adherent cells require a process of passage to dissociate the cells from the culture substrate using enzymes or other chemical agents to maintain cellular activity. However, these proteolytic enzymes have a negative influence on the viability and phenotype of cells. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cell line, C3H10T1/2, adhered, migrated, and proliferated to the same extent on newly designed microporous titanium (Ti) membrane and conventional culture dish, and spontaneous transfer to another substrate without enzymatic or chemical dissociation was achieved. The present study pierced a 10 μm-thick pure Ti sheet with 25 μm square holes at 75 μm intervals to create a dense porous structure with biomimetic topography. The pathway of machined holes allowed the cells to access both sides of the membrane frequently. In a culture with Ti membranes stacked above- and below-seeded cells, cell migration between the neighboring membranes was confirmed using the through-holes of the membrane and contact between the membranes as migration routes. Furthermore, the cells on each membrane migrated onto the conventional culture vessel. Therefore, a cell culture system with enzyme-free passaging was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiko Sakisaka
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryou-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishihata
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryou-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kentaro Maruyama
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryou-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Eiji Nemoto
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryou-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shigeki Chiba
- Nagamine Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1725-26, Kishinoue, Manno-cho, Nakatado-gun, Kagawa 766-0026, Japan
| | - Masaru Nagamine
- Nagamine Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 1725-26, Kishinoue, Manno-cho, Nakatado-gun, Kagawa 766-0026, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hatsuzawa
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamada
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryou-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Finding the Perfect Membrane: Current Knowledge on Barrier Membranes in Regenerative Procedures: A Descriptive Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) became common procedures in the corrective phase of periodontal treatment. In order to obtain good quality tissue neo-formation, most techniques require the use of a membrane that will act as a barrier, having as a main purpose the blocking of cell invasion from the gingival epithelium and connective tissue into the newly formed bone structure. Different techniques and materials have been developed, aiming to obtain the perfect barrier membrane. The membranes can be divided according to the biodegradability of the base material into absorbable membranes and non-absorbable membranes. The use of absorbable membranes is extremely widespread due to their advantages, but in clinical situations of significant tissue loss, the use of non-absorbable membranes is often still preferred. This descriptive review presents a synthesis of the types of barrier membranes available and their characteristics, as well as future trends in the development of barrier membranes along with some allergological aspects of membrane use.
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Solomon SM, Sufaru IG, Teslaru S, Ghiciuc CM, Stafie CS. Finding the Perfect Membrane: Current Knowledge on Barrier Membranes in Regenerative Procedures: A Descriptive Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) became common procedures in the corrective phase of periodontal treatment. In order to obtain good quality tissue neo-formation, most techniques require the use of a membrane that will act as a barrier, having as a main purpose the blocking of cell invasion from the gingival epithelium and connective tissue into the newly formed bone structure. Different techniques and materials have been developed, aiming to obtain the perfect barrier membrane. The membranes can be divided according to the biodegradability of the base material into absorbable membranes and non-absorbable membranes. The use of absorbable membranes is extremely widespread due to their advantages, but in clinical situations of significant tissue loss, the use of non-absorbable membranes is often still preferred. This descriptive review presents a synthesis of the types of barrier membranes available and their characteristics, as well as future trends in the development of barrier membranes along with some allergological aspects of membrane use.
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Senoo M, Hasuike A, Yamamoto T, Ozawa Y, Watanabe N, Furuhata M, Sato S. Comparison of Macro-and Micro-porosity of a Titanium Mesh for Guided Bone Regeneration: An In Vivo Experimental Study. In Vivo 2022; 36:76-85. [PMID: 34972702 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is one of the surgical methods used for vertical ridge augmentation prior to dental implant placements. Titanium meshes have been used for osteogenic space maintenance in GBR sites by clinicians. We aimed to compare the influence of micropores and macropores in a titanium mesh on bone regeneration in a rat calvarial vertical GBR model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The calvaria of nine rats were exposed, and plastic cylinders were set bilaterally. Eighteen surgical sites were randomly allocated into three groups according to the materials of titanium lid and bone substitutes: microporous titanium lid+deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), macroporous titanium lid +DBBM, microporous titanium lid+carbonate apatite. Newly generated bone inside the cylinders was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Furthermore, bone regeneration and angiogenesis were evaluated histologically at 12 weeks. RESULTS Quantitative volumetric analyses using micro-CT showed a gradual increase in bone volume inside the cylinders in all three groups. Histological observation confirmed vigorous bone regeneration in the microporous groups compared to that in the macroporous group. In the upper part of the cylinders, soft tissue invaded the GBR site by passing through the pores of the macroporous mesh. The blood vessels in the upper part of the cylinders were smaller in the microporous groups than in the macroporous group. There was no difference in bone formation between cylinders filled with DBBM or carbonate apatite. CONCLUSION Microvasculature penetrates 50-μm diameter micropores and accelerates bone formation inside the cylinder, which was set on rat calvaria. The microporous titanium mesh can facilitate angiogenesis from both the dura mater and periosteal in vertical ridge augmentation. Our data showed superiority of microporous titanium vascular permeability and osteoconductivity, supporting bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Senoo
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Hasuike
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; .,Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanobu Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ozawa
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihisa Watanabe
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Furuhata
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sato
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Kaga N, Fujimoto H, Morita S, Yamaguchi Y, Matsuura T. Contact Angle and Cell Adhesion of Micro/Nano-Structured Poly(lactic- co-glycolic acid) Membranes for Dental Regenerative Therapy. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9110124. [PMID: 34821588 PMCID: PMC8622355 DOI: 10.3390/dj9110124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable membranes are used in regenerative dentistry for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR). In this study, patterned poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) membranes with groove, pillar, and hole structures were successfully fabricated by thermal nanoimprinting. Their surfaces were evaluated for topography by scanning electron microscopy and laser microscopy, for hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity by contact angle analysis, and for MC3T3-E1 cell adhesion. The sizes of the patterns on the surfaces of the membranes were 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 μm, respectively, with the height/depth being 1.0 μm. The pillared and holed PLGA membranes were significantly more hydrophobic than the non-patterned PLGA membranes (p < 0.05). However, the 0.5 μm- and 1.0 μm-grooved PLGA membranes were significantly more hydrophilic than the non-patterned PLGA membranes (p < 0.05). The 0.5 μm-grooved, pillared, and holed membranes exhibited significantly superior adhesion to the MC3T3-E1 cells than the non-patterned PLGA (p < 0.05). These results suggest that patterned PLGA membranes can be clinically used for GTR and GBR in the dental regeneration field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kaga
- Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (H.F.); (S.M.); (Y.Y.); (T.M.)
- Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-801-0411
| | - Hiroki Fujimoto
- Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (H.F.); (S.M.); (Y.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Sho Morita
- Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (H.F.); (S.M.); (Y.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Yuichiro Yamaguchi
- Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (H.F.); (S.M.); (Y.Y.); (T.M.)
| | - Takashi Matsuura
- Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan; (H.F.); (S.M.); (Y.Y.); (T.M.)
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Ishikawa T, Ueno D. Vertical Ridge Augmentation With a Honeycomb Structure Titanium Membrane: A Technical Note for a 3-Dimensional Curvature Bending Method. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2021; 47:411-419. [PMID: 33027523 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-20-00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration is the most commonly used technique for vertical ridge augmentation (VRA), and it is popular because it is less invasive and highly formative. Since the augmented site is exposed to external pressure, it is preferable to support the membrane using a framework to maintain the shape of the VRA. Recently, a titanium framework-reinforced ultrafine titanium membrane was developed by laser processing technology. The technique allows microperforations to be made (φ20 μm) into a titanium membrane, which is expected to prevent fibrous tissue ingrowth from outside the membrane. In addition, significant bone regeneration was confirmed on ridge defects in previous animal studies. However, the membrane tends to crumple during the bending process, because it is very thin (20 nμm); thus, the bending procedures are technically sensitive. Since this titanium honeycomb membrane was first approved for clinical use in Japan, no international clinical reports have been published. The purpose of this case report is to describe a technical note for a 3-dimensional curvature bending method in VRA using the newly developed honeycomb structure titanium membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daisuke Ueno
- Ueno Dental Clinic, Akitakata, Hiroshima, Japan.,Division of Implantology and Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University Yokohama Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
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Hasegawa H, Kaneko T, Endo M, Kanno C, Yamazaki M, Yaginuma S, Igarashi H, Honma H, Masui S, Suto M, Sakisaka Y, Ishihata H. Comparing the Efficacy of a Microperforated Titanium Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration with an Existing Mesh Retainer in Dog Mandibles. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123358. [PMID: 34204390 PMCID: PMC8234924 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute-type lateral ridge defects (25 mm × 6 mm × 5 mm) were bilaterally created in the mandibles of four dogs (two defects per animal). The defects were reconstructed with particulate autologous bone and covered with a microperforated titanium membrane (Ti-honeycomb membrane, TiHM) or an existing conventional titanium mesh as control. The samples were dissected after 16 weeks postoperatively and processed for radiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses. Regenerated tissue and bone volume were significantly larger in the TiHM group than in the control group (p = 0.05; p = 0.049). In contrast, bone mineral density was similar between the two groups. Histomorphometric analysis revealed that the regenerated bone area and calcific osseous area were larger in the TiHM group than in the control group; however, the differences were not significant. The efficacy of TiHM was generally satisfactory with the potential to become a standard tool for the GBR procedure; however, early membrane exposure will be a major problem to overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.K.); (M.E.); (C.K.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-24-547-1111; Fax: +81-24-547-1352
| | - Tetsuharu Kaneko
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.K.); (M.E.); (C.K.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Manabu Endo
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.K.); (M.E.); (C.K.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Chihiro Kanno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.K.); (M.E.); (C.K.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Morio Yamazaki
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.K.); (M.E.); (C.K.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sadanoshin Yaginuma
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan; (T.K.); (M.E.); (C.K.); (M.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Igarashi
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Koseikai Hospital, 16-2, Nariide, Kitasawamata, Fukushima 960-8251, Japan;
| | - Hideaki Honma
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Omachi Hospital, 3-97, Omachi, Haranomachi-ku, Minami-Soma, Fukushima 975-0001, Japan;
| | - Seiichiro Masui
- Clinical Research Center, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan;
| | - Mizuki Suto
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Ecological Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Yukihiko Sakisaka
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Ecological Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.S.); (H.I.)
| | - Hiroshi Ishihata
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Ecological Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (M.S.); (Y.S.); (H.I.)
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Sasaki JI, Abe GL, Li A, Thongthai P, Tsuboi R, Kohno T, Imazato S. Barrier membranes for tissue regeneration in dentistry. Biomater Investig Dent 2021; 8:54-63. [PMID: 34104896 PMCID: PMC8158285 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2021.1925556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In dentistry, barrier membranes are used for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and guided bone regeneration (GBR). Various membranes are commercially available and extensive research and development of novel membranes have been conducted. In general, membranes are required to provide barrier function, biosafety, biocompatibility and appropriate mechanical properties. In addition, membranes are expected to be bioactive to promote tissue regeneration. Objectives: This review aims to organize the fundamental characteristics of the barrier membranes that are available and studied for dentistry, based on their components. Results: The principal components of barrier membranes are divided into nonbiodegradable and biodegradable materials. Nonbiodegradable membranes are manufactured from synthetic polymers, metals or composites of these materials. The first reported barrier membrane was made from expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE). Titanium has also been applied for dental regenerative therapy and shows favorable barrier function. Biodegradable membranes are mainly made from natural and synthetic polymers. Collagens are popular materials that are processed for clinical use by cross-linking. Aliphatic polyesters and their copolymers have been relatively recently introduced into GTR and GBR treatments. In addition, to improve the tissue regenerative function and mechanical strength of biodegradable membranes, inorganic materials such as calcium phosphate and bioactive glass have been incorporated at the research stage. Conclusions: Currently, there are still insufficient guidelines for barrier membrane choice in GTR and GBR, therefore dentists are required to understand the characteristics of barrier membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Sasaki
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Gabriela L Abe
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Aonan Li
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Pasiree Thongthai
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Ririko Tsuboi
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kohno
- Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.,Department of Advanced Functional Materials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
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Evaluation of Preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 Cells Cultured on a Microporous Titanium Membrane Fabricated Using a Precise Mechanical Punching Process. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13225288. [PMID: 33266468 PMCID: PMC7700521 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The surface topography of Titanium (Ti) combined toughness and biocompatibility affects the attachment and migration of cells. Limited information of morphological characteristics, formed by precise machining in micron order, is currently available on the Ti that could promote osteoconduction. In the present study, a pure Ti membrane was pierced with precise 25 μm square holes at 75 μm intervals and appear burrs at the edge of aperture. We defined the surface without burrs as the “Head side” and that with burrs as the “Tail side”. The effects of the machining microtopography on the proliferation and differentiation of the preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cells) were investigated. The cells were more likely to migrate to, and accumulate in, the aperture of holes on the head side, but grew uniformly regardless of holes on the tail side. The topography on the both surfaces increased osteopontin gene expression levels. Osteocalcin expression levels were higher on the head side than one on the blank scaffold and tail side (p < 0.05). The osteocalcin protein expression levels were higher on the tail side than on the head side after 21 days of cultivation, and were comparable to the proportion of the calcified area (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate the capacity of a novel microporous Ti membrane fabricated using a precise mechanical punching process to promote cell proliferation and activity.
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Jang YS, Moon SH, Nguyen TDT, Lee MH, Oh TJ, Han AL, Bae TS. In vivo bone regeneration by differently designed titanium membrane with or without surface treatment: a study in rat calvarial defects. J Tissue Eng 2019; 10:2041731419831466. [PMID: 30834101 PMCID: PMC6396043 DOI: 10.1177/2041731419831466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current objective was to evaluate six groups of titanium membranes in a rat calvarial defect model, regarding the surface treatment with or without calcium-phosphate coating and surface topography with no, small, or large holes. Critical size defects (Ф = 8 mm, n = 42) were surgically created in rat calvaria, and then were treated by one of the six groups. Biopsies were obtained at 4 weeks (n = 5 per group) for micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analyses. Fluorochrome bone markers were injected in two rats each group at 1 (Alizarin red), 3 (Calcein green) and 5 weeks (Oxytetracyclin yellow), followed by histological examination at 7 weeks to assess bone regeneration dynamic. At 4 weeks, the highest bone volume was observed in no-hole groups independent of surface treatment (p < 0.05). Treated groups with no-hole and large-hole membranes showed increased bone mineral density than with respective non-treated groups (p < 0.05). Histology exhibited an intimate bone formation onto the treated membranes, whereas non-treated ones demonstrated interposition of connective tissue, which was confirmed through bone contact percentages. The results suggest that occlusive membranes showed more bone formation than other perforated ones, and calcium-phosphate treatment induces intimate bone formation toward the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Seok Jang
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Oral Bioscience and Institute of Biodegradable Material, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - So-Hee Moon
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Thuy-Duong Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Oral Bioscience and Institute of Biodegradable Material, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Tae-Ju Oh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - A-Lum Han
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Bae
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Oral Bioscience and Institute of Biodegradable Material, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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