Panse G, Subtil A, McNiff JM, Glusac EJ, Ko CJ, Galan A, Myung P, Xu ML. Cutaneous Involvement in Plasma Cell Myeloma.
Am J Clin Pathol 2021;
155:106-116. [PMID:
32885235 DOI:
10.1093/ajcp/aqaa122]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) involving skin is rare and occurs in 1% to 4% of patients with PCM. We evaluated the clinicopathologic features, cytogenetic findings and clinical follow-up in a series of PCM cases with cutaneous involvement.
METHODS
Cases of PCM with cutaneous involvement were retrospectively reviewed with clinical data.
RESULTS
Skin involvement in PCM occurred in older individuals (mean, 75 years) and was more frequent in men (7/10 patients). All cases showed bone marrow involvement preceding the cutaneous lesions. Histopathologically, the infiltrate was plasmacytic (n = 5) or primitive or plasmablastic (n = 4), and 1 case showed predominantly lymphoplasmacytic features with cyclin D1 immunoreactivity and CCND1 gene rearrangement. Concurrent amyloid deposition was seen in one biopsy, and another case demonstrated coexisting squamous cell carcinoma. The most common immunophenotype was CD138+, CD20-, and CD56+ with light chain restriction. Cytogenetic analysis (available for 7 cases) showed multiple hyperdiploid abnormalities. Follow-up was available for 8 cases (mean, 42 months; range, 11-156 months) and showed short-term disease-related death in 7 of 8 patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Cutaneous involvement in PCM demonstrates a diverse cytomorphologic spectrum with plasmacytic, plasmablastic, or lymphoplasmacytic features and may show concurrent amyloid deposition or neoplasms such as squamous cell carcinoma. Cutaneous involvement typically occurs late in the course of the disease and likely portends poor outcome.
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