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Zhu J, Edwards MR, Message SD, Stanciu LA, Johnston SL, Jeffery PK. Cilomilast Modulates Rhinovirus-Induced Airway Epithelial ICAM-1 Expression and IL-6, CXCL8 and CCL5 Production. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1554. [PMID: 39598462 PMCID: PMC11597196 DOI: 10.3390/ph17111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2024] [Revised: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Cilomilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) selective inhibitor, has anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo and reduces COPD exacerbations. We tested the hypothesis that cilomilast inhibits virus-induced airway epithelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression and inflammatory cytokine/chemoattractants, IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL5 production in vitro. Methods: BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were incubated with 0.5-2 MOI (multiplicity of infection-infectious units/cell) of rhinovirus 16 (RV16). Then, 0.1-10 μM cilomilast or 10 nM dexamethasone, as inhibition control, were added pre- or post-1 h RV16 infection. Supernatant and cells were sampled at 8, 24, 48, and 72 h after infection. Cell surface ICAM-1 expression was detected by immunogold labelling and visualised by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), while IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL5 protein release and mRNA expression were measured using an ELISA and RT-PCR. Results: Cilomilast significantly decreased RV16-induced ICAM-1 expression to approximately 45% (p < 0.01). CXCL8 protein/mRNA production was reduced by about 41% (p < 0.05), whereas IL-6 protein/mRNA production was increased to between 41-81% (p < 0.001). There was a trend to reduction by cilomilast of RV16-induced CCL5. Conclusions: Cilomilast has differential effects on RV16-induced ICAM-1 and interleukins, inhibiting virus-induced ICAM-1 expression and CXCL8 while increasing IL-6 production. These in vitro effects may help to explain the beneficial actions of this PDE4 inhibitor in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK or (J.Z.); (M.R.E.); (S.L.J.)
| | - Michael R. Edwards
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK or (J.Z.); (M.R.E.); (S.L.J.)
| | - Simon D. Message
- Thoracic Medicine, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Alexandra House, Sandford Road, Cheltenham GL53 7AN, UK;
| | - Luminita A. Stanciu
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK or (J.Z.); (M.R.E.); (S.L.J.)
| | - Sebastian L. Johnston
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK or (J.Z.); (M.R.E.); (S.L.J.)
| | - Peter K. Jeffery
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK or (J.Z.); (M.R.E.); (S.L.J.)
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2
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Bhuyan M, Sharma S, Dutta NB, Baishya G. tert-Butylhydroperoxide mediated radical cyanoalkylation/cyanoalkenylation of 2-anilino-1,4-naphthoquinones with vinylarenes/arylalkynes and azobis(alkylcarbonitrile)s. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9255-9269. [PMID: 37969100 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01528a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel sustainable methodology based on one-pot cyanoalkylation/cyanoalkenylation of 2-anilino-1,4-naphthoquinones with vinylarenes/arylalkynes and azobis(alkylcarbonitrile)s involving a three-component radical cascade pathway has been achieved. Here, tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) acts as an efficient oxidant, and it smoothly drives the reaction, producing the three-component products in very good to excellent yields. This cascade reaction eliminates the use of any base, additive, metal and hazardous cyanating agent. Additionally, this protocol exclusively delivers a stereospecific product in the case of arylalkynes. The involvement of radicals is evidenced through various radical trapping experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayurakhi Bhuyan
- Chemical Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201002, India
| | - Suraj Sharma
- Chemical Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201002, India
| | | | - Gakul Baishya
- Chemical Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh-201002, India
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Coffinet M, Jaroschik F, Vasse JL. Zirconocenes vs. Alanes: a Crucial Choice of the Allyl Source for Highly Diastereoselective Allylzincation of Nonracemic Chiral Imines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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4
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Niu M, Dong F, Tang S, Fida G, Qin J, Qiu J, Liu K, Gao W, Gu Y. Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening for the discovery of new type 4 cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82360. [PMID: 24340020 PMCID: PMC3858292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 4 cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors show a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory effects in almost all kinds of inflamed cells, by an increase in cAMP levels which is a pivotal second messenger responsible for various biological processes. These inhibitors are now considered as the potential drugs for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, some recently marketed inhibitors e.g., roflumilast, have shown adverse effects such as nausea and emesis, thus restricting its use. In order to identify novel PDE4 inhibitors with improved therapeutic indexes, a highly correlating (r = 0.963930) pharmacophore model (Hypo1) was established on the basis of known PDE4 inhibitors. Validated Hypo1 was used in database screening to identify chemical with required pharmacophoric features. These compounds are further screened by using the rule of five, ADMET and molecular docking. Finally, twelve hits which showed good results with respect to following properties such as estimated activity, calculated drug-like properties and scores were proposed as potential leads to inhibit the PDE4 activity. Therefore, this study will not only assist in the development of new potent hits for PDE4 inhibitors, but also give a better understanding of their interaction with PDE4. On a wider scope, this will be helpful for the rational design of novel potent enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fenggong Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guissi Fida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyi Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiadan Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangbo Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueqing Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail:
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5
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Mao C, Han B, Wang LS, Wang S, Yao ZJ. Modular assembly of cytotoxic acetogenin mimetics by click linkage with nitrogen functionalities. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00108f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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6
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Liu Y, Jacobs HK, Gopalan AS. Reactions of N-benzyloxycarbamate derivatives with stabilized carbon nucleophiles: a new synthetic approach to polyhydroxamic acids and other hydroxamate-containing mixed ligand systems. J Org Chem 2009; 74:782-8. [PMID: 19063593 PMCID: PMC2785224 DOI: 10.1021/jo802410u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxamic acids are an important class of chelators of hard metal ions such as Fe(III), which have found applications in therapeutic, diagnostic, and separation chemistry. Hence, methods for their preparation and incorporation into various matrices are important. A new strategy for the preparation of hydroxamic acids that uses readily available N-benzyloxy carbamic acid ethyl ester, 1, has been developed. N-Alkylation of 1 occurs readily to give N-alkyl-N-benzyloxy carbamates, 2, which react with a variety of stabilized carbon nucleophiles to give functionalized protected hydroxamic acids, 3, in good to excellent yields. The O-protected hydroxamate intermediates 3 can be further alkylated with halides to access a variety of potential metal binding hosts. The usefulness of this methodology has been demonstrated by the synthesis of a novel trihydroxamic acid 6, mixed ligand systems 9 and 12, and the macrocyclic dihydroxamic acid 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, MSC 3C, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001
| | - Hollie K. Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, MSC 3C, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001
| | - Aravamudan S. Gopalan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, MSC 3C, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001
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7
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Bunce RA, Nago T. 6-Nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines by a tandem reductive amination-SNAr reaction. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Ruzié C, Krayer M, Balasubramanian T, Lindsey JS. Tailoring a Bacteriochlorin Building Block with Cationic, Amphipathic, or Lipophilic Substituents. J Org Chem 2008; 73:5806-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800736c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ruzié
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204
| | - Michael Krayer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204
| | | | - Jonathan S. Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204
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9
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Nomura-Furuwatari C, Wakitani S, Hashimoto Y, Imai Y, Ohta Y, Nakagawa K, Nakao Y, Takayama K, Manaka T, Takaoka K. Expression profiles of phosphodiesterase 4D splicing variants in osteoblastic cells. J Bone Miner Metab 2008; 26:152-8. [PMID: 18301971 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-007-0803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The promotion of osteoblastic differentiation by bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) is accelerated by chemical compounds that increase the intracellular concentration of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). cAMP is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by adenyl cyclase and degraded by phosphodiesterase (PDE) family enzymes. Inhibition of PDEs leads to prolonged accumulation of cAMP within cells and Camp-mediated reactions. Rolipram, a specific inhibitor of PDE4, is a compound effective in inducing osteoblastic differentiation. Four PDE4 family members are transcribed from four distinct genes (4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D). Expression of PDE4A and PDE4D has been observed in osteoblastic cells. We identified PDE4D splicing variants that expressed in ST2 or primary calvarial osteoblasts by rapid amplification of the 5'-ends of cDNA when they were cultured with BMP. PDE4D9 mRNA was identified from ST2, and PDE4D1 and -4D2 mRNAs were identified from primary calvarial osteoblasts. Expression of these three variants of PDE4D mRNA was found in ST2, MC3T3-E1, C3H10T1/2, C2C12, and primary calvarial osteoblasts by RT-PCR, but not PDE4D1 or -4D2 in ST2 or PDE4D2 in MC3T3-E1. Expression of these three variants was detectable in brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, placenta, and femur, and was thus ubiquitous. Purified recombinant PDE4D9 protein exhibited phosphodiesterase activity, which degraded cAMP to AMP, and this activity was inhibited by rolipram. These findings suggest that PDE4D1, -2, and -9 play some roles in bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizumi Nomura-Furuwatari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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Brackmann F, de Meijere A. Natural Occurrence, Syntheses, and Applications of Cyclopropyl-Group-Containing α-Amino Acids. 1. 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic Acid and Other 2,3-Methanoamino Acids. Chem Rev 2007; 107:4493-537. [DOI: 10.1021/cr078376j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farina Brackmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Armin de Meijere
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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11
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Rella MR, Williard PG. Oxidation of peptides by methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane: the protecting group matters. J Org Chem 2007; 72:525-31. [PMID: 17221970 PMCID: PMC3220948 DOI: 10.1021/jo061910n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Representative Boc-protected and acetyl-protected peptide methyl esters bearing alkyl side chains undergo effective oxidation using methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane (1b) under mild conditions. We observe a protecting group dependency in the chemoselectivity displayed by the dioxirane 1b. N-Hydroxylation occurs in the case of the Boc-protected peptides, and side chain hydroxylation takes place in the case of acetyl-protected peptides. Both are attractive transformations since they yield derivatized peptides that serve as valuable synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul G. Williard
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
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