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Eckhardt P, Reinecke S, Opatz T, Stadler M, Sandargo B. Discovery and characterisation of a broderol-like illudin, omphaderol in the mycelial extracts of Omphalotus mexicanus (Omphalotaceae) using UPLC-QTOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:469-475. [PMID: 37923375 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The genus Omphalotus, in particular the "Jack-O'Lantern mushrooms" Omphalotus illudens and Omphalotus olearius, are famous for the production of the DNA-alkylating illudins. A lesser-known species, Omphalotus mexicanus, native to Central America, also produces cytotoxic illudins S and M, but its minor secondary metabolites are yet to be investigated. OBJECTIVE To identify, isolate, and elucidate the structure of novel secondary metabolites of the illudin family in mycelial extracts of O. mexicanus from submerse cultivation. METHODOLOGY A fermentation of the fungus in 15 L stirred tank bioreactors is described. Mycelial extracts were separated using a combination of flash chromatography with preparative RP-C18 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Analysis of metabolites was done using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet diode array detector (UPLC-UV-DAD) system coupled to an electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-QTOF) mass spectrometer. Structures were elucidated using one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) techniques followed by comparison of experimental and simulated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra to determine absolute configurations. RESULTS Two novel illudin derivatives, for which we propose the names omphaderol (1) and illudaneol B (2), as well as illudaneol (3) and the unusual cyclobutylcyclopentane illudosin (4), were isolated from the mycelia and characterised. CONCLUSION Particularly the illudaneol derivatives with their high titers may be potential building blocks for an alternative semisynthetic route to new illudin derivatives with improved medical properties. Additionally, the findings improve the knowledge of minor illudin compounds in the mycelial extract of this fungus and may be of significance for future biosynthetic studies of the illudins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Eckhardt
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Silke Reinecke
- Microbial Drugs Department, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Microbial Drugs Department, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Birthe Sandargo
- Microbial Drugs Department, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Chaverra-Muñoz L, Briem T, Hüttel S. Optimization of the production process for the anticancer lead compound illudin M: downstream processing. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:165. [PMID: 35978411 PMCID: PMC9382783 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secondary metabolites have played a key role as starting points for drug development programs due to their often unique features compared with synthetically derived molecules. However, limitations related to the discovery and supply of these molecules by biotechnological means led to the retraction of big pharmaceutical companies from this field. The reasons included problems associated with strain culturing, screening, re-discovery, purification and characterization of novel molecules from natural sources. Nevertheless, recent reports have described technical developments that tackle such issues. While many of these reports focus on the identification and characterization of such molecules to enable subsequent chemical synthesis, a biotechnological supply strategy is rarely reported. This may be because production processes usually fall under proprietary research and/or few processes may meet the requirements of a pharmaceutical development campaign. We aimed to bridge this gap for illudin M—a fungal sesquiterpene used for the development of anticancer agents—with the intention to show that biotechnology can be a vital alternative to synthetic processes dealing with small molecules. Results We used µL-scale models to develop an adsorption and extraction strategy for illudin M recovery from culture supernatant of Omphalotus nidiformis and these findings were successfully transferred into lab-scale. By adsorbing and eluting the product using a fixed resin-bed we reduced the working volume by ~ 90% and removed the aqueous phase from the process. After a washing step, a highly concentrated illudin M fraction was obtained by isocratic elution with 80% methanol. The fraction was dried and extracted using a water/heptane mixture, enriching illudin M in the heptane phase. From heptane illudin M could be instantly crystalized by concentrating the solution, achieving a final purity > 95%. Conclusion We have developed a robust, scalable and low-cost downstream process to obtain highly pure illudin M. By using solid phase extraction we reduced the production of solvent waste. Heptane from the final purification step could be recycled. The reduced amounts of solvents required, and the short purification time render this method a very economic and ecologic alternative to published processes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01886-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillibeth Chaverra-Muñoz
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Theresa Briem
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Stephan Hüttel
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany. .,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany.
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Antitumor Effects of a New Retinoate of the Fungal Cytotoxin Illudin M in Brain Tumor Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169056. [PMID: 36012321 PMCID: PMC9408991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While the fungal metabolite illudin M (1) is indiscriminately cytotoxic in cancer and non-malignant cells, its retinoate 2 showed a greater selectivity for the former, especially in a cerebral context. Illudin M killed malignant glioma cells as well as primary neurons and astrocytes at similarly low concentrations and destroyed their microtubule and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) networks. In contrast, the ester 2 was distinctly more cytotoxic in highly dedifferentiated U87 glioma cells than in neurons, which were even stimulated to enhanced growth. This was also observed in co-cultures of neurons with U87 cells where conjugate 2 eventually killed them by induction of differentiation based on the activation of nuclear receptors, which bind to retinoid-responsive elements (RARE). Hence, illudin M retinoate 2 appears to be a promising drug candidate.
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Chaverra-Muñoz L, Hüttel S. Optimization of the production process for the anticancer lead compound illudin M: process development in stirred tank bioreactors. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:145. [PMID: 35843931 PMCID: PMC9290264 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01870-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The fungal natural products illudin S and M have been investigated as precursors for the development of semisynthetic anticancer agents such as Irofulven (illudin S derivative) which is currently in phase II clinical trials. Recently, illudin M derivatives have shown improved in vitro selectivity towards cancer cells encouraging further investigation. This requires a stable supply of the precursor which is produced by Basidiomycota of the genus Omphalotus. We have recently reported a robust shake flask process for the production of gram quantities of illudin M from Omphalotus nidiformis aiming to transfer that process into stirred tank bioreactors, which can be used in a commercial production set-up. However, process transfer across different systems is not straightforward and particularly challenging when the producer is morphologically complex. There are only a few reports that address the development of bioprocesses for the production of compounds from Basidiomycota as these organisms have not been extensively studied because of their complex life cycles and often are difficult to cultivate under laboratory conditions. Results The recently developed shake flask process delivering stable titers of ~ 940 mg L−1 of illudin M was investigated using off-gas analysis to identify critical parameters which facilitated the transfer from shaken into stirred tank bioreactors. Comparable titers to the shake flask process were achieved in 2 L stirred tank bioreactors (1.5 L working volume) by controlling growth of biomass with a carefully timed pH-shift combined with an improved precursor-feeding strategy. A scale-up experiment in a 15 L bioreactor (10 L working volume), resembling the process at 1.5 L resulted in 523 mg L−1 and is the starting point for optimization of the identified parameters at that scale. Conclusion By identifying and controlling key process parameters, the production process for illudin M was transferred from shake flasks into 2 L stirred tank bioreactors reaching a comparable titer (> 900 mg L−1), which is significantly higher than any previously reported. The insights obtained from 10 L scale pave the way towards further scale-up studies that will enable a sustainable supply of illudin M to support preclinical and clinical development programs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01870-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillibeth Chaverra-Muñoz
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Stephan Hüttel
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany. .,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany.
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Chaverra-Muñoz L, Briem T, Hüttel S. Optimization of the production process for the anticancer lead compound illudin M: improving titers in shake-flasks. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:98. [PMID: 35643529 PMCID: PMC9148526 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fungal sesquiterpenes Illudin M and S are important base molecules for the development of new anticancer agents due to their strong activity against some resistant tumor cell lines. Due to nonspecific toxicity of the natural compounds, improvement of the pharmacophore is required. A semisynthetic derivative of illudin S (Irofulven) entered phase II clinical trials for the treatment of castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. Several semisynthetic illudin M derivatives showed increased in vitro selectivity and improved therapeutic index against certain tumor cell lines, encouraging further investigation. This requires a sustainable supply of the natural compound, which is produced by Basidiomycota of the genus Omphalotus. We aimed to develop a robust biotechnological process to deliver illudin M in quantities sufficient to support medicinal chemistry studies and future preclinical and clinical development. In this study, we report the initial steps towards this goal. RESULTS After establishing analytical workflows, different culture media and commercially available Omphalotus strains were screened for the production of illudin M.Omphalotus nidiformis cultivated in a medium containing corn steep solids reached ~ 38 mg L-1 setting the starting point for optimization. Improved seed preparation in combination with a simplified medium (glucose 13.5 g L-1; corn steep solids 7.0 g L- 1; Dox broth modified 35 mL), reduced cultivation time and enhanced titers significantly (~ 400 mg L-1). Based on a reproducible cultivation method, a feeding strategy was developed considering potential biosynthetic bottlenecks. Acetate and glucose were fed at 96 h (8.0 g L-1) and 120 h (6.0 g L-1) respectively, which resulted in final illudin M titer of ~ 940 mg L-1 after eight days. This is a 25 fold increase compared to the initial titer. CONCLUSION After strict standardization of seed-preparation and cultivation parameters, a combination of experimental design, empirical trials and additional supply of limiting biosynthetic precursors, led to a highly reproducible process in shake flasks with high titers of illudin M. These findings are the base for further work towards a scalable biotechnological process for a stable illudin M supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillibeth Chaverra-Muñoz
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Theresa Briem
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Stephan Hüttel
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Brunswick, Germany
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Fattahi N, Shahbazi MA, Maleki A, Hamidi M, Ramazani A, Santos HA. Emerging insights on drug delivery by fatty acid mediated synthesis of lipophilic prodrugs as novel nanomedicines. J Control Release 2020; 326:556-598. [PMID: 32726650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many drug molecules that are currently in the market suffer from short half-life, poor absorption, low specificity, rapid degradation, and resistance development. The design and development of lipophilic prodrugs can provide numerous benefits to overcome these challenges. Fatty acids (FAs), which are lipophilic biomolecules constituted of essential components of the living cells, carry out many necessary functions required for the development of efficient prodrugs. Chemical conjugation of FAs to drug molecules may change their pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics in vivo and even their toxicity profile. Well-designed FA-based prodrugs can also present other benefits, such as improved oral bioavailability, promoted tumor targeting efficiency, controlled drug release, and enhanced cellular penetration, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss diverse drug molecules conjugated to various unsaturated FAs. Furthermore, various drug-FA conjugates loaded into various nanostructure delivery systems, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, emulsions, nano-assemblies, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles, are reviewed. The present review aims to inspire readers to explore new avenues in prodrug design based on the various FAs with or without nanostructured delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fattahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran; Trita Nanomedicine Research Center (TNRC), Trita Third Millennium Pharmaceuticals, 45331-55681 Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Trita Nanomedicine Research Center (TNRC), Trita Third Millennium Pharmaceuticals, 45331-55681 Zanjan, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran; Research Institute of Modern Biological Techniques (RIMBT), University of Zanjan, P.O. Box 45195-313, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
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Le P, Nodwell MB, Eirich J, Sieber SA. A Chemical Proteomic Analysis of Illudin-Interacting Proteins. Chemistry 2019; 25:12644-12651. [PMID: 31310394 PMCID: PMC6900183 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The illudin natural product family are fungal secondary metabolites with a characteristic spirocyclopropyl‐substituted fused 6,5‐bicyclic ring system. They have been extensively studied for their cytotoxicity in various tumor cell types, and semisynthetic derivatives with improved therapeutic characteristics have progressed to clinical trials. Although it is believed that this potent alkylating compound class acts mainly through DNA modification, little is known about its binding to protein sites in a cellular context. To reveal putative protein targets of the illudin family in live cancer cells, we employed a semisynthetic strategy to access a series of illudin‐based probes for activity‐based protein profiling (ABPP). While the probes largely retained potent cytotoxicity, proteomic profiling studies unraveled multiple protein hits, suggesting that illudins exert their mode of action not from addressing a specific protein target but rather from DNA modification and unselective protein binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Le
- Department Chemie, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Matthew B Nodwell
- Department Chemie, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Current address: Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Jürgen Eirich
- Department Chemie, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Current address: Institute for Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP), Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan A Sieber
- Department Chemie, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Biological and chemical diversity go hand in hand: Basidiomycota as source of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107344. [PMID: 30738916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Basidiomycota constitutes the second largest higher taxonomic group of the Fungi after the Ascomycota and comprises over 30.000 species. Mycelial cultures of Basidiomycota have already been studied since the 1950s for production of antibiotics and other beneficial secondary metabolites. Despite the fact that unique and selective compounds like pleuromutilin were obtained early on, it took several decades more until they were subjected to a systematic screening for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. These efforts led to the discovery of the strobilurins and several hundreds of further compounds that mainly constitute terpenoids. In parallel the traditional medicinal mushrooms of Asia were also studied intensively for metabolite production, aimed at finding new therapeutic agents for treatment of various diseases including metabolic disorders and the central nervous system. While the evaluation of this organism group has in general been more tedious as compared to the Ascomycota, the chances to discover new metabolites and to develop them further to candidates for drugs, agrochemicals and other products for the Life Science industry have substantially increased over the past decade. This is owing to the revolutionary developments in -OMICS techniques, bioinformatics, analytical chemistry and biotechnological process technology, which are steadily being developed further. On the other hand, the new developments in polythetic fungal taxonomy now also allow a more concise selection of previously untapped organisms. The current review is dedicated to summarize the state of the art and to give an outlook to further developments.
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Abu-Fayyad A, Kamal MM, Carroll JL, Dragoi AM, Cody R, Cardelli J, Nazzal S. Development and in-vitro characterization of nanoemulsions loaded with paclitaxel/γ-tocotrienol lipid conjugates. Int J Pharm 2017; 536:146-157. [PMID: 29195915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E TPGS is a tocopherol (α-T) based nonionic surfactant that was used in the formulation of the Tocosol™ paclitaxel nanoemulsion, which was withdrawn from phase III clinical trials. Unlike tocopherols, however, the tocotrienol (T3) isomers of vitamin E were found to have innate anticancer activity and were shown to potentiate the antitumor activity of paclitaxel. The primary objective of the present study was therefore to develop a paclitaxel nanoemulsions by substituting α-T oil core of Tocosol™ with γ-T3 in, and vitamin E TPGS with PEGylated γ-T3 as the shell, and test the nanoemulsions against Bx-PC-3 and PANC-1 pancreatic tumor cells. A secondary objective was to test the activity of paclitaxel when directly conjugated with the γ-T3 isomer of vitamin E. The synthesis of the conjugates was confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy. Developed nanoemulsions were loaded with free or lipid conjugated paclitaxel. Nanoemulsions droplets were <300 nm with fastest release observed with formulations loaded with free paclitaxel when γ-T3 was used as the core. Substituting α-T with γ-T3 was also found to potentiate the anticancer activity of the nanoemulsions. Although marginal increase in activity was observed when nanoemulsions were loaded with free paclitaxel, a significant increase in activity was observed when lipid conjugates were used. The results from this study suggest that the developed paclitaxel nanoemulsions with either γ-T3, PEGylated γ-T3, or paclitaxel lipid conjugates may represent a more promising option for paclitaxel delivery in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abu-Fayyad
- College of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA; Modavar Pharmaceuticals, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohammad M Kamal
- College of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Carroll
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Innovative Northwest Louisiana Experimental Therapeutics (INLET), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Ana-Maria Dragoi
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Innovative Northwest Louisiana Experimental Therapeutics (INLET), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Sami Nazzal
- College of Health and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA.
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Making Use of Genomic Information to Explore the Biotechnological Potential of Medicinal Mushrooms. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS OF THE WORLD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5978-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Sztiller-Sikorska M, Koprowska K, Majchrzak K, Hartman M, Czyz M. Natural compounds' activity against cancer stem-like or fast-cycling melanoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90783. [PMID: 24595456 PMCID: PMC3940936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence supports the concept that melanoma is highly heterogeneous and sustained by a small subpopulation of melanoma stem-like cells. Those cells are considered as responsible for tumor resistance to therapies. Moreover, melanoma cells are characterized by their high phenotypic plasticity. Consequently, both melanoma stem-like cells and their more differentiated progeny must be eradicated to achieve durable cure. By reevaluating compounds in heterogeneous melanoma populations, it might be possible to select compounds with activity not only against fast-cycling cells but also against cancer stem-like cells. Natural compounds were the focus of the present study. Methods We analyzed 120 compounds from The Natural Products Set II to identify compounds active against melanoma populations grown in an anchorage-independent manner and enriched with cells exerting self-renewing capacity. Cell viability, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, gene expression, clonogenic survival and label-retention were analyzed. Findings Several compounds efficiently eradicated cells with clonogenic capacity and nanaomycin A, streptonigrin and toyocamycin were effective at 0.1 µM. Other anti-clonogenic but not highly cytotoxic compounds such as bryostatin 1, siomycin A, illudin M, michellamine B and pentoxifylline markedly reduced the frequency of ABCB5 (ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 5)-positive cells. On the contrary, treatment with maytansine and colchicine selected for cells expressing this transporter. Maytansine, streptonigrin, toyocamycin and colchicine, even if highly cytotoxic, left a small subpopulation of slow-dividing cells unaffected. Compounds selected in the present study differentially altered the expression of melanocyte/melanoma specific microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and proto-oncogene c-MYC. Conclusion Selected anti-clonogenic compounds might be further investigated as potential adjuvants targeting melanoma stem-like cells in the combined anti-melanoma therapy, whereas selected cytotoxic but not anti-clonogenic compounds, which increased the frequency of ABCB5-positive cells and remained slow-cycling cells unaffected, might be considered as a tool to enrich cultures with cells exhibiting melanoma stem cell characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamila Koprowska
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kinga Majchrzak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Hartman
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Czyz
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- * E-mail:
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Tanasova M, Sturla SJ. Chemistry and biology of acylfulvenes: sesquiterpene-derived antitumor agents. Chem Rev 2012; 112:3578-610. [PMID: 22482429 DOI: 10.1021/cr2001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tanasova
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schobert R, Seibt S, Mahal K, Ahmad A, Biersack B, Effenberger-Neidnicht K, Padhye S, Sarkar FH, Mueller T. Cancer Selective Metallocenedicarboxylates of the Fungal Cytotoxin Illudin M. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6177-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200359n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seibt
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Katharina Mahal
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Department for Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Subhash Padhye
- Department for Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
- Center for Drug Design and Molecular Medicine, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Fazlul H. Sarkar
- Department for Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany
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