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Vinogradov DB, Izmest’ev AN, Kravchenko AN, Strelenko YA, Gazieva GA. Synthesis of imidazo[4,5- e][1,3]thiazino[2,3- c][1,2,4]triazines via a base-induced rearrangement of functionalized imidazo[4,5- e]thiazolo[2,3- c][1,2,4]triazines. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1047-1054. [PMID: 37533878 PMCID: PMC10390826 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of imidazo[4,5-e][1,3]thiazino[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazines was synthesized via a cascade sequence of hydrolysis and skeletal rearrangement of imidazo[4,5-e]thiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazin-7(8H)-ylidene)acetic acid esters in methanol upon treatment with excess KOH. Imidazo[4,5-e]thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazin-6(7H)-ylidene)acetic acid esters are also suitable substrates for the reaction. In this case hydrolysis and thiazole ring expansion were accompanied with the change of the thiazolotriazine junction type from thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazine to thiazino[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry B Vinogradov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei N Izmest’ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Angelina N Kravchenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri A Strelenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Galina A Gazieva
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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2
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Kumar S, Gupta S, Rani V, Sharma P. Pyrazole Containing Anti-HIV Agents: An Update. Med Chem 2022; 18:831-846. [PMID: 34994333 DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666220106163846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrazole scaffolds have gained importance in drug discovery and development for various pharmacological activities like antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, etc. Additionally, the pyrazole moiety has shown potent anti-HIV activity as a core heterocycle or substituted heterocycles derivatives (mono, di, tri, tetra, and fused pyrazole derivatives). To assist the development of further potential anti-HIV agents containing pyrazole nucleus, here we have summarized pyrazole containing anti-HIV compounds that have been reported by researchers all over the world for the last two decades. OBJECTIVE The present review concentrates on an assortment of pyrazole containing compounds, particularly for potential therapeutic activity against HIV. METHODS Google Scholar, Pubmed, and SciFinder were searched databases with ''pyrazol'' keywords. Further, the year of publication and keywords ''Anti-HIV'' filter was applied to obtain relevant reported literature for anti-HIV agents containing pyrazole as a core or substituted derivatives. RESULTS This review article has shown the comprehensive compilation of 220 compounds containing pyrazole nucleus and possessing anti-HIV activity by sorting approximately 40 research articles from 2001 to date. 1-(4-Benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-7-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (13), 3-(3-(2-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoacetyl)-4-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (31), 3-(3-(2-(4-benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoacetyl)-4-fluoro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (88), 3-cyanophenoxypyrazole derivative (130), and 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-methyl-5-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-phenyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]isoxazole (178) were the most potent mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-substituted, and fused pyrazole derivatives, respectively, which have shown potent anti-HIV activity among all the described derivatives as compared with standard anti-HIV drugs. CONCLUSION This review article provides an overview of the potential therapeutic activity of pyrazole derivatives against HIV that will be helpful for designing pyrazole containing compounds for anti-HIV activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Punjab Biotechnology Incubator, Mohali, Punjab - 160 059, India
- Regional Advance Water Testing Laboratory, Mohali, Punjab - 160 059, India
| | - Shiv Gupta
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab - 144 411, India
| | - Varsha Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Syngene International Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore - 560 099, India
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Li RL, Fang QY, Li MY, Wang XS, Zhao LM. A rearrangement of saccharin-derived cyclic ketimines with 3-chlorooxindoles leading to spiro-1,3-benzothiazine oxindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11322-11325. [PMID: 34636375 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
An unusual rearrangement of saccharin-derived cyclic ketimines (SDCIs) and 3-chlorooxindoles has been developed to provide a series of spiro-1,3-benzothiazine oxindoles. The reaction features simple manipulations, short reaction times, mild reaction conditions and inexpensive reagents. It is the first example where SDCIs serve as a ring-opening reagent in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Li Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qing-Yun Fang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mei-Yuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li-Ming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Identification of 3,4-Dihydro-2 H,6 H-pyrimido[1,2- c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine Derivatives as Novel Selective Inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137236. [PMID: 34281290 PMCID: PMC8268581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum's resistance to available antimalarial drugs highlights the need for the development of novel drugs. Pyrimidine de novo biosynthesis is a validated drug target for the prevention and treatment of malaria infection. P. falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH) catalyzes the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate and utilize ubiquinone as an electron acceptor in the fourth step of pyrimidine de novo biosynthesis. PfDHODH is targeted by the inhibitor DSM265, which binds to a hydrophobic pocket located at the N-terminus where ubiquinone binds, which is known to be structurally divergent from the mammalian orthologue. In this study, we screened 40,400 compounds from the Kyoto University chemical library against recombinant PfDHODH. These studies led to the identification of 3,4-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine and its derivatives as a new class of PfDHODH inhibitor. Moreover, the hit compounds identified in this study are selective for PfDHODH without inhibition of the human enzymes. Finally, this new scaffold of PfDHODH inhibitors showed growth inhibition activity against P. falciparum 3D7 with low toxicity to three human cell lines, providing a new starting point for antimalarial drug development.
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Ahmad Saddique F, Ahmad M, Kanwal A, Aslam S, Fawad Zahoor A. Recent trends toward the synthesis of fused-benzothiazines and their derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1830420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Kanwal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sana Aslam
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Saroha M, Khanna G, Khurana JM. Green Synthesis of Novel Naphtho[1,2-e]/ benzo[e][1,3]thiazine Derivatives via One-Pot Three-Component Reaction Using Tetra n-Butyl Ammonium Bromide. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Saroha
- Department of chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007
| | - Garima Khanna
- Department of chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi- 110007
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7
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Gupta S, Aggarwal K, Khurana JM. Synthesis of Novel Functionalized Triphenylphosphanylidene-Spirobarbiturates through a Three-Component Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; New Delhi−110007 India
| | - Komal Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; New Delhi−110007 India
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8
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Remennikov GY. Transformations of Di- and Tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives into Condensed Heterocycles with Retention of their Partially Saturated Structure. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Synthesis, radiolabeling and biological distribution of a new dioxime derivative as a potential tumor imaging agent. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Dang P, Zheng Z, Liang Y. Copper-Catalyzed C(sp3)–S Bond and C(sp2)–S Bond Cross-Coupling of 2-(2-Iodobenzoyl) Substituted or 2-(2-Iodobenzyl) Substituted 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinolines with Potassium Sulfide: Synthesis of Isoquinoline-Fused 1,3-Benzothiazine Scaffolds. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2263-2268. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Dang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Zhilei Zheng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Yun Liang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
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11
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Kleinschek A, Meyners C, Digiorgio E, Brancolini C, Meyer‐Almes F. Potent and Selective Non‐hydroxamate Histone Deacetylase 8 Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2598-2606. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kleinschek
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Eros Digiorgio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche MATI Center of Excellence Università degli Studi di Udine P.le Kolbe 4 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Biologiche MATI Center of Excellence Università degli Studi di Udine P.le Kolbe 4 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Franz‐Josef Meyer‐Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Sciences Schnittspahnstr. 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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12
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Okazaki S, Oishi S, Mizuhara T, Shimura K, Murayama H, Ohno H, Matsuoka M, Fujii N. Investigations of possible prodrug structures for 2-(2-mercaptophenyl)tetrahydropyrimidines: reductive conversion from anti-HIV agents with pyrimidobenzothiazine and isothiazolopyrimidine scaffolds. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4706-13. [PMID: 25800792 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00301f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine (PD 404182) and 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine are the heterocyclic antiretroviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. On the basis of similar structure-activity relationships of anti-HIV activities toward the early-stage of viral infection between these unique scaffolds, the transformations under the bioassay conditions were investigated. The distinctive S-N bond in the isothiazolopyrimidine scaffold was immediately cleaved under reductive conditions in the presence of GSH to generate a thiophenol derivative. A similar rapid conversion of PD 404182 into the same thiophenol derivative was observed, suggesting that pyrimidobenzothiazine and isothiazolopyrimidine scaffolds may work as prodrug forms of the common bioactive thiophenol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Okazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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13
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Britton J, Chalker JM, Raston CL. Rapid Vortex Fluidics: Continuous Flow Synthesis of Amides and Local Anesthetic Lidocaine. Chemistry 2015; 21:10660-5. [PMID: 26095879 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Thin film flow chemistry using a vortex fluidic device (VFD) is effective in the scalable acylation of amines under shear, with the yields of the amides dramatically enhanced relative to traditional batch techniques. The optimized monophasic flow conditions are effective in ≤80 seconds at room temperature, enabling access to structurally diverse amides, functionalized amino acids and substituted ureas on multigram scales. Amide synthesis under flow was also extended to a total synthesis of local anesthetic lidocaine, with sequential reactions carried out in two serially linked VFD units. The synthesis could also be executed in a single VFD, in which the tandem reactions involve reagent delivery at different positions along the rapidly rotating tube with in situ solvent replacement, as a molecular assembly line process. This further highlights the versatility of the VFD in organic synthesis, as does the finding of a remarkably efficient debenzylation of p-methoxybenzyl amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042 (Australia)
| | - Justin M Chalker
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042 (Australia)
| | - Colin L Raston
- Centre for NanoScale Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042 (Australia).
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14
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Octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyridine and octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran analogues as a protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) antagonist. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:2029-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Wen LR, Yuan WK, Li M. Dual Roles of β-Oxodithioesters in the Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzo[e]pyrazolo[1,5-c][1,3]thiazine Derivatives. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4942-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Rong Wen
- State Key Laboratory Base
of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wen-Kui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory Base
of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory Base
of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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16
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Popiołek Ł, Biernasiuk A, Malm A. Design, Synthesis, andin vitroAntimicrobial Activity of New Furan/Thiophene-1,3-Benzothiazin-4-one Hybrids. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Popiołek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with Medical Analytics Division; Medical University of Lublin; 4A Chodźki Street 20-093 Lublin Poland
| | - Anna Biernasiuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology with Laboratory for Microbiological Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy with Medical Analytics Division; Medical University of Lublin; 1 Chodźki Str 20-093 Lublin Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology with Laboratory for Microbiological Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy with Medical Analytics Division; Medical University of Lublin; 1 Chodźki Str 20-093 Lublin Poland
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17
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Okazaki S, Mizuhara T, Shimura K, Murayama H, Ohno H, Oishi S, Matsuoka M, Fujii N. Identification of anti-HIV agents with a novel benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:1447-52. [PMID: 25744188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine is a newly identified antiviral agent against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, derived from 3,4-dihydro-2H,6H-pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine (PD 404182). The introduction of the hydrophobic 8-aryl substituent on the benzene substructure improved its anti-HIV activity, resulting in the identification of 6-fold more potent analogs. In addition, it was demonstrated that these isothiazolopyrimidine derivatives exert anti-HIV effects at an early stage of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Okazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Mizuhara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimura
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroto Murayama
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ohno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Oishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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18
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Deng F, Xie M, Zhang X, Li P, Tian Y, Zhai H, Li Y. Combined molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and quantitative structure–activity relationship study of pyrimido[1,2-c][1,3]benzothiazin-6-imine derivatives as potent anti-HIV drugs. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Ghebremariam YT, Erlanson DA, Cooke JP. A novel and potent inhibitor of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase: a modulator of cardiovascular nitric oxide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 348:69-76. [PMID: 24135074 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.206847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PD 404182 [6H-6-imino-(2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrimido)[1,2-c]-[1,3]benzothiazine], a heterocyclic iminobenzothiazine derivative, is a member of the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC) that is reported to possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we used biochemical assays to screen LOPAC against human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase isoform 1 (DDAH1), an enzyme that physiologically metabolizes asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous and competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. We discovered that PD 404182 directly and dose-dependently inhibits DDAH. Moreover, PD 404182 significantly increased intracellular levels of ADMA in cultured primary human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in these cells, suggesting its therapeutic potential in septic shock-induced vascular collapse. In addition, PD 404182 abrogated the formation of tube-like structures by ECs in an in vitro angiogenesis assay, indicating its antiangiogenic potential in diseases characterized by pathologically excessive angiogenesis. Furthermore, we investigated the potential mechanism of inhibition of DDAH by this small molecule and found that PD 404182, which has striking structural similarity to ADMA, could be competed by a DDAH substrate, suggesting that it is a competitive inhibitor. Finally, our enzyme kinetics assay showed time-dependent inhibition, and our inhibitor dilution assay showed that the enzymatic activity of DDAH did not recover significantly after dilution, suggesting that PD 404182 might be a tightly bound, covalent, or an irreversible inhibitor of human DDAH1. This proposal is supported by mass spectrometry studies with PD 404182 and glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes T Ghebremariam
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas (Y.T.G., J.P.C.); and SPARK Translational Research Program, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California (D.A.E.)
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Mizuhara T, Kato T, Hirai A, Kurihara H, Shimada Y, Taniguchi M, Maeta H, Togami H, Shimura K, Matsuoka M, Okazaki S, Takeuchi T, Ohno H, Oishi S, Fujii N. Structure-activity relationship study of phenylpyrazole derivatives as a novel class of anti-HIV agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4557-61. [PMID: 23845222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship of phenylpyrazole derivative 1 was investigated for the development of novel anti-HIV agents. Initial efforts revealed that the diazenyl group can be replaced by an aminomethylene group. In addition, we synthesized various derivatives by the reductive amination of benzaldehydes with 5-aminopyrazoles and carried out parallel structural optimization on the benzyl group and the pyrazole ring. This optimization led to a six-fold more potent derivative 32j than the lead compound 1, and this derivative has a 3',4'-dichloro-(1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Mizuhara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Design and synthesis of biotin- or alkyne-conjugated photoaffinity probes for studying the target molecules of PD 404182. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2079-87. [PMID: 23403297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of action of the potent antiviral compound PD 404182, three novel photoaffinity probes equipped with a biotin or alkyne indicator were designed and synthesized based on previous structure-activity relationship studies. These probes retained the potent anti-HIV activity of the original pyrimidobenzothiazine derivatives. In photoaffinity labeling studies using HIV-1-infected H9 cells (H9IIIB), eight potential proteins were observed to bind PD 404182.
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