Synthesis and evaluation of spirobenzazepines as potent vasopressin receptor antagonists

An efficient conversion of β-diketones into β-keto enol ethers with P2O5/SiO2 under solvent-free conditions

P2O5/SiO2 was found to be an efficient reagent for converting cyclic-β-diketones into their corresponding β-keto enol ethers at room temperature under solvent-free conditions.

Formation of meta-Substituted Phenols by Transition Metal-Free Aromatization: Use of 2-Bromocyclohex-2-en-1-ones

Addition of Grignard or other organometallic reagents to 2-halocyclohex-2-en-1-ones bearing an alkyl or aryl group at C-5, followed by mild acid treatment and exposure to 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) at room temperature, generates meta-substituted phenols in which the newly introduced meta substituent originates from the Grignard reagent. The range of effective organometallic reagents includes alkyl, allyl, alkynyl, aryl, and heteroaryl compounds including those with fluorine substituents. The initial halocyclohexenone can be deprotonated at C-6 and reacted with carbon, fluorine, or sulfur electrophiles before the Grignard addition so as to generate highly substituted phenols.

Sequential aza-Piancatelli rearrangement/Friedel–Crafts alkylation for the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-d]benzodiazepine derivatives

2-Furylcarbinols undergo a smooth aza-Piancatelli rearrangement followed by Friedel–Crafts alkylation with (1H-pyrrol-1-yl)aniline, in the presence of In(OTf)₃ at room temperature to afford the corresponding hexahydrobenzo[b]cyclopenta[f]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]diazepin-11(4aH)-one scaffolds.

Synthesis and evaluation of azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives as potent mixed vasopressin antagonists

A series of biaryl amides containing an azabicyclooctane amine headpiece were synthesized and evaluated as mixed arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptor antagonists. Several analogues, including 8g, 12g, 13d, and 13g, were shown to have excellent V(1a)- and good V(2)-receptor binding affinities. Compound 13d was further profiled for drug-like properties and for an in vitro comparison with conivaptan, the program's mixed V(1a)/V(2)-receptor antagonist standard.

Azetidinones as vasopressin V1a antagonists

The azetidinone LY307174 (1) was identified as a screening lead for the vasopressin V1a receptor (IC50 45 nM at the human V1a receptor) based on molecular similarity to ketoconazole (2), a known antagonist of the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone receptor. Structure-activity relationships for the series were explored to optimize receptor affinity and pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in compounds with Ki values <1nM and brain levels after oral dosing approximately 100-fold higher than receptor affinities.

Synthesis and evaluation of nonpeptide substituted spirobenzazepines as potent vasopressin antagonists

A series of substituted spirobenzazepines was prepared and evaluated as V(1a) and V(2) dual vasopressin receptor antagonists. Compounds 7p and 7q have been shown to be not only potent inhibitors of vasopressin receptors, but also have exhibited an excellent overall pharmaceutical suitability profile.