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Le Guern F, Ouk TS, Arnoux P, Frochot C, Sol V. Easy and versatile cellulosic support inhibiting broad spectrum strains: synergy between photodynamic antimicrobial therapy and polymyxin B. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:395-407. [PMID: 38300464 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite advances achieved in the health field over the last decade, infections caused by resistant bacterial strains are an increasingly important societal issue that needs to be addressed. New approaches have already been developed to overcome this problem. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) could provide a promising alternative method to eradicate microbes. This approach has already inspired the development of innovative surfaces. Interesting results were achieved against Gram-positive bacteria, but it also appeared that Gram-negative strains, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were less sensitive to PACT. However, materials coated with cationic porphyrins have already proven their wide-spectrum activity, but these materials were not suitable for industrial-scale production. The main aim of this work was the design of a large-scale evolutionary material based on PACT and antibiotic prophylaxis. Transparent regenerated cellulose has been simply impregnated with a usual cationic porphyrin (N-methylpyridyl) and an antimicrobial peptide (polymyxin B). In addition to its photophysical properties, this film exhibited a wide-spectrum bactericidal activity over 4 days despite daily application of fresh bacterial inoculums. The efficiency of PACT and polymyxin B combination could help to reduce the emergence of bacterial multi-resistant strains and we believe that this kind of material would provide an excellent opportunity to prevent bacterial contamination of bandages or packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Le Guern
- Univ Limoges, LABCiS, UR22722, 87000, Limoges, France
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | | | - Phillipe Arnoux
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS LRGP UMR 7274, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Céline Frochot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS LRGP UMR 7274, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Vincent Sol
- Univ Limoges, LABCiS, UR22722, 87000, Limoges, France.
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2
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Monteiro CJP, Neves MGPMS, Nativi C, Almeida A, Faustino MAF. Porphyrin Photosensitizers Grafted in Cellulose Supports: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043475. [PMID: 36834886 PMCID: PMC9967812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer and owing to its compatibility with biological tissues, it is considered a versatile starting material for developing new and sustainable materials from renewable resources. With the advent of drug-resistance among pathogenic microorganisms, recent strategies have focused on the development of novel treatment options and alternative antimicrobial therapies, such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). This approach encompasses the combination of photoactive dyes and harmless visible light, in the presence of dioxygen, to produce reactive oxygen species that can selectively kill microorganisms. Photosensitizers for aPDT can be adsorbed, entrapped, or linked to cellulose-like supports, providing an increase in the surface area, with improved mechanical strength, barrier, and antimicrobial properties, paving the way to new applications, such as wound disinfection, sterilization of medical materials and surfaces in different contexts (industrial, household and hospital), or prevention of microbial contamination in packaged food. This review will report the development of porphyrinic photosensitizers supported on cellulose/cellulose derivative materials to achieve effective photoinactivation. A brief overview of the efficiency of cellulose based photoactive dyes for cancer, using photodynamic therapy (PDT), will be also discussed. Particular attention will be devoted to the synthetic routes behind the preparation of the photosensitizer-cellulose functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. P. Monteiro
- LAQV-Requimte and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3010-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.J.P.M.); (M.A.F.F.)
| | | | - Cristina Nativi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Amparo F. Faustino
- LAQV-Requimte and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3010-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.J.P.M.); (M.A.F.F.)
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Abstract
Photodynamic Inactivation is an innovative technique used to combat bacterial and viral infections which involves the use of photosensitizing agents along with light to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species able to kill bacteria and viruses. In the first section of this minireview, porphyrin-based fluorophores are shown to be remarkable dye candidates for PDI (photodynamic inactivation) applications. The second section is dedicated to the description of porphyrin-based antimicrobial materials and their potentialities for industrial applications such as in food packaging or antimicrobial medical devices and hygiene. Finally, the failings and perspectives of PDI are analyzed to demonstrate how the PDI technique could be an efficient and ecologically friendly antimicrobial technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R. Guilard
- PorphyChem SAS, Dijon 21000, France
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne, ICMUB, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21078, France
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Kirar S, Chaudhari D, Thakur NS, Jain S, Bhaumik J, Laha JK, Banerjee UC. Light-assisted anticancer photodynamic therapy using porphyrin-doped nanoencapsulates. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 220:112209. [PMID: 34049179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Light activatable porphyrinic photosensitizers (PSs) are essential components of anticancer and antimicrobial therapy and diagnostic imaging. However, their biological applications are quite challenging due to the lack of hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. To overcome such drawbacks, photosensitizers can be doped into a biocompatible polymer such as gelatin and further can be used for biomedical applications. Herein, first, a novel A4 type porphyrin PS [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridylamidephenyl)porphyrin; TPyAPP] was synthesized via a rational route with good yield. Further, this porphyrin was encapsulated into the gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) to develop hydrophilic phototherapeutic nanoagents (PTNAs, A4por-GNPs). Notably, the synthesis of such porphyrin-doped GNPs avoids the use of any toxic chemicals or solvents. The nanoprobes have also shown good fluorescence quantum yield demonstrating their applicability in bioimaging. Further, the mechanistic aspects of the anticancer and antimicrobial efficacy of the developed A4por-GNPs were evaluated via singlet oxygen generation studies. Overall, our results indicated porphyrin-doped biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles act as effective phototherapeutic agents against a broad range of cancer cell lines and microbes upon activation by the low-cost LED light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Kirar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Dasharath Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Neeraj S Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; Department of Nanomaterials and Application Technology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Jayeeta Bhaumik
- Department of Nanomaterials and Application Technology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Uttam C Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India.
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5
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Fayyaz F, Rassa M, Rahimi R. Antibacterial Photoactivity and Thermal Stability of Tetra-cationic Porphyrins Immobilized on Cellulosic Fabrics. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 97:385-397. [PMID: 33152128 DOI: 10.1111/php.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The thermal stability and photo-bactericidal effect of several tetra-cationic porphyrins and their zinc ion compounds immobilized onto cellulosic fabrics against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli were investigated and compared using a 100 W tungsten lamp. Immobilization of various concentrations of these photosensitizers onto cellulosic fabrics was carried out and characterized by ATR-FT-IR, DRS, TGA, and SEM. Applied cellulosic fabrics with the photosensitizers exhibited remarkable photo-stability, thermal stability, and antimicrobial activity against these studied strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Fayyaz
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rassa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Rahmatollah Rahimi
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Sitte E, Senge MO. The Red Color of Life Transformed - Synthetic Advances and Emerging Applications of Protoporphyrin IX in Chemical Biology. European J Org Chem 2020; 2020:3171-3191. [PMID: 32612451 PMCID: PMC7319466 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) is the porphyrin scaffold of heme b, a ubiquitous prosthetic group of proteins responsible for oxygen binding (hemoglobin, myoglobin), electron transfer (cytochrome c) and catalysis (cytochrome P450, catalases, peroxidases). PPIX and its metallated derivatives frequently find application as therapeutic agents, imaging tools, catalysts, sensors and in light harvesting. The vast toolkit of accessible porphyrin functionalization reactions enables easy synthetic modification of PPIX to meet the requirements for its multiple uses. In the past few years, particular interest has arisen in exploiting the interaction of PPIX and its synthetic derivatives with biomolecules such as DNA and heme-binding proteins to evolve molecular devices with new functions as well as to uncover potential therapeutic toeholds. This review strives to shine a light on the most recent developments in the synthetic chemistry of PPIX and its uses in selected fields of chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Sitte
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152‐160 Pearse Street2DublinIreland
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152‐160 Pearse Street2DublinIreland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM‐IAS)Technische Universität MünchenLichtenberg‐Str. 2a85748GarchingGermany
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7
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Maldonado-Carmona N, Ouk TS, Calvete MJF, Pereira MM, Villandier N, Leroy-Lhez S. Conjugating biomaterials with photosensitizers: advances and perspectives for photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:445-461. [PMID: 32104827 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00398c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is threatening to overshadow last century's medical advances. Previously eradicated infectious diseases are now resurgent as multi-drug resistant strains, leading to expensive, toxic and, in some cases, ineffective antimicrobial treatments. Given this outlook, researchers are willing to investigate novel antimicrobial treatments that may be able to deal with antimicrobial resistance, namely photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT relies on the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of light and a photosensitizer (PS) molecule. PDT has been known for almost a century, but most of its applications have been directed towards the treatment of cancer and topical diseases. Unlike classical antimicrobial chemotherapy treatments, photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has a non-target specific mechanism of action, based on the generation of ROS, working against cellular membranes, walls, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. This non-specific mechanism diminishes the chances of bacteria developing resistance. However, PSs usually are large molecules, prone to aggregation, diminishing their efficiency. This review will report the development of materials obtained from natural sources, as delivery systems for photosensitizing molecules against microorganisms. The present work emphasizes on the biological results rather than on the synthesis routes to prepare the conjugates. Also, it discusses the current state of the art, providing our perspective on the field.
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8
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Kirar S, Thakur NS, Laha JK, Banerjee UC. Porphyrin Functionalized Gelatin Nanoparticle-Based Biodegradable Phototheranostics: Potential Tools for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4202-4212. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Photoactivated Self-Sanitizing Chlorophyllin-Containing Coatings to Prevent Microbial Contamination in Packaged Food. COATINGS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings8090328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chlorophyllins are semi-synthetic porphyrins obtained from chlorophyll that—when exposed to visible light—generate radical oxygen substances with antimicrobial activity. In this work, chlorophyllins incorporated with polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), (hydroxypropyl)methyl cellulose (HPMC), and gelatin (G) were formulated for application as coatings in packages providing antimicrobial activity after photoactivation. First, the antimicrobial properties of two porphyrins (sodium magnesium chlorophyllin, E-140, and sodium copper chlorophyllin, E-141) were analyzed against L. monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. The results indicated that E-140 was more active than E-141 and that chlorophyllins were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, both chlorophyllins were more efficient when irradiated with halogen lamps than with LEDs, and they were inactive in dark conditions. Then, coatings on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film were prepared, and their effect against the test bacteria was similar to that shown previously with pure chlorophyllins, i.e., greater activity in films containing E-140. Among the coating matrices, those based on PE presented the least effect (1 log reduction), whereas PVOH, HPMC, and G were lethal (7 log reduction). The self-sanitizing effect of these coatings was also analyzed by contaminating the surface of the coatings and irradiating them through the PET surface, which showed high efficiency, although the activity of the coatings was limited to L. monocytogenes. Finally, coated films were applied as separators of bologna slices. After irradiation, all the films showed count reductions of L. monocytogenes and the usual microbial load; the gelatin coating was the most effective, with an average of 3 log reduction.
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10
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Le Guern F, Ouk TS, Grenier K, Joly N, Lequart V, Sol V. Enhancement of photobactericidal activity of chlorin-e6-cellulose nanocrystals by covalent attachment of polymyxin B. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6953-6962. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01274h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Following light irradiation, a new nanomaterial, elaborated from CNCs, chlorin-e6 and polymyxin B, demonstrated efficiency against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Le Guern
- Université de Limoges
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- 87060 Limoges Cedex
- France
| | - Tan-Sothea Ouk
- Université de Limoges
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- 87060 Limoges Cedex
- France
| | - Karine Grenier
- Université de Limoges
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- 87060 Limoges Cedex
- France
| | | | | | - Vincent Sol
- Université de Limoges
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles
- 87060 Limoges Cedex
- France
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11
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Molecular interactions, characterization and photoactivity of Chlorophyll a/chitosan/2-HP-β-cyclodextrin composite films as functional and active surfaces for ROS production. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Jiang L, Gan CRR, Gao J, Loh XJ. A Perspective on the Trends and Challenges Facing Porphyrin-Based Anti-Microbial Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3609-3644. [PMID: 27276371 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistant bacterium threatens to unravel global healthcare systems, built up over centuries of medical research and development. Current antibiotics have little resistance against this onslaught as bacterium strains can quickly evolve effective defense mechanisms. Fortunately, alternative therapies exist and, at the forefront of research lays the photodynamic inhibition approach mediated by porphyrin based photosensitizers. This review will focus on the development of various porphyrins compounds and their incorporation as small molecules, into polymers, fibers and thin films as practical therapeutic agents, utilizing photodynamic therapy to inhibit a wide spectrum of bacterium. The use of photodynamic therapy of these porphyrin molecules are discussed and evaluated according to their electronic and bulk material effect on different bacterium strains. This review also provides an insight into the general direction and challenges facing porphyrins and derivatives as full-fledged therapeutic agents and what needs to be further done in order to be bestowed their rightful and equal status in modern medicine, similar to the very first antibiotic; penicillin itself. It is hoped that, with this perspective, new paradigms and strategies in the application of porphyrins and derivatives will progressively flourish and lead to advances against disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ching Ruey Raymond Gan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jian Gao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117576, Republic of Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Republic of Singapore
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13
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Rahimi R, Fayyaz F, Rassa M. The study of cellulosic fabrics impregnated with porphyrin compounds for use as photo-bactericidal polymers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 59:661-668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Horgan CC, Han YS, Trueman H, Jackson CJ, Sutherland TD, Rapson TD. Phosphorescent oxygen-sensing and singlet oxygen production by a biosynthetic silk. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03731c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A recombinant coiled-coil silk was utilised to immobilise heavy-metal-macrocycles which are known to undergo efficient intersystem crossing from the singlet state to the triplet state following excitation with visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor C. Horgan
- Research School of Engineering
- The Australian National University
- Acton
- Australia
- CSIRO
| | - Yong-Shen Han
- Research School of Chemistry
- The Australian National University
- Acton
- Australia
| | | | - Colin J. Jackson
- Research School of Chemistry
- The Australian National University
- Acton
- Australia
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15
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Lacombe S, Pigot T. Materials for selective photo-oxygenation vs. photocatalysis: preparation, properties and applications in environmental and health fields. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01929j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitizing materials made of organic dyes embedded in various supports are compared to usual supported TiO2-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Lacombe
- IPREM UMR CNRS 5254
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour
- 64053 Pau Cedex
- France
| | - T. Pigot
- IPREM UMR CNRS 5254
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour
- 64053 Pau Cedex
- France
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16
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Immobilized photosensitizers for antimicrobial applications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 150:11-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Carpenter BL, Scholle F, Sadeghifar H, Francis AJ, Boltersdorf J, Weare WW, Argyropoulos DS, Maggard PA, Ghiladi RA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Photomicrobicidal Cellulose Paper. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2482-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hasan Sadeghifar
- Department
of Wood and Paper Science, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 48161-19318, Sari, Iran
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18
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Ballatore MB, Durantini J, Gsponer NS, Suarez MB, Gervaldo M, Otero L, Spesia MB, Milanesio ME, Durantini EN. Photodynamic inactivation of bacteria using novel electrogenerated porphyrin-fullerene C60 polymeric films. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:7456-7463. [PMID: 25984839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A porphyrin-fullerene C60 dyad (TCP-C60) substituted by carbazoyl groups was used to obtain electrogenerated polymeric films on optically transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. This approach produced stable and reproducible polymers, holding fullerene units. The properties of this film were compared with those formed by layers of TCP/TCP-C60 and TCP/ZnTCP. Absorption spectra of the films presented the Soret and Q bands of the corresponding porphyrins. The TCP-C60 film produced a high photodecomposition of 2,2-(anthracene-9,10-diyl)bis(methylmalonate), which was used to detect singlet molecular oxygen O2((1)Δg) production in water. In addition, the TCP-C60 film induced the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium to diformazan in the presence of NADH, indicating the formation of superoxide anion radical. Moreover, photooxidation of L-tryptophan mediated by TCP-C60 films was found in water. In biological media, photoinactivation of Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated depositing a drop with 2.5 × 10(3) cells on the films. After 30 min irradiation, no colony formation was detected using TCP-C60 or TCP/TCP-C60 films. Furthermore, photocytotoxic activity was observed in cell suspensions of S. aureus and Escherichia coli. The irradiated TCP-C60 film produced a 4 log decrease of S. aureus survival after 30 min. Also, a 4 log reduction of E. coli viability was obtained using the TCP-C60 film after 60 min irradiation. Therefore, the TCP-C60 film is an interesting and versatile photodynamic active surface to eradicate bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Belén Ballatore
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Javier Durantini
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Natalia S Gsponer
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María B Suarez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Miguel Gervaldo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luis Otero
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariana B Spesia
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Elisa Milanesio
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Edgardo N Durantini
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Alves E, Faustino MA, Neves MG, Cunha Â, Nadais H, Almeida A. Potential applications of porphyrins in photodynamic inactivation beyond the medical scope. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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McCoy CP, O’Neil EJ, Cowley JF, Carson L, De Baróid ÁT, Gdowski GT, Gorman SP, Jones DS. Photodynamic antimicrobial polymers for infection control. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108500. [PMID: 25250740 PMCID: PMC4177408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections pose both a major risk to patient wellbeing and an economic burden on global healthcare systems, with the problem compounded by the emergence of multidrug resistant and biocide tolerant bacterial pathogens. Many inanimate surfaces can act as a reservoir for infection, and adequate disinfection is difficult to achieve and requires direct intervention. In this study we demonstrate the preparation and performance of materials with inherent photodynamic, surface-active, persistent antimicrobial properties through the incorporation of photosensitizers into high density poly(ethylene) (HDPE) using hot-melt extrusion, which require no external intervention except a source of visible light. Our aim is to prevent bacterial adherence to these surfaces and eliminate them as reservoirs of nosocomial pathogens, thus presenting a valuable advance in infection control. A two-layer system with one layer comprising photosensitizer-incorporated HDPE, and one layer comprising HDPE alone is also described to demonstrate the versatility of our approach. The photosensitizer-incorporated materials are capable of reducing the adherence of viable bacteria by up to 3.62 Log colony forming units (CFU) per square centimeter of material surface for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and by up to 1.51 Log CFU/cm2 for Escherichia coli. Potential applications for the technology are in antimicrobial coatings for, or materials comprising objects, such as tubing, collection bags, handrails, finger-plates on hospital doors, or medical equipment found in the healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin P. McCoy
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Edward J. O’Neil
- Blue Highway, Inc., Center for Science & Technology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - John F. Cowley
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Carson
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Áine T. De Baróid
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Greg T. Gdowski
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sean P. Gorman
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - David S. Jones
- Queen’s University Belfast, School of Pharmacy, Belfast, United Kingdom
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21
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Craig RA, McCoy CP, Gorman SP, Jones DS. Photosensitisers - the progression from photodynamic therapy to anti-infective surfaces. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:85-101. [PMID: 25247277 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.962512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of light as a stimulus in pharmaceutical systems and the associated ability to provide precise spatiotemporal control over location, wavelength and intensity, allowing ease of external control independent of environmental conditionals, has led to its increased use. Of particular note is the use of light with photosensitisers. AREAS COVERED Photosensitisers are widely used in photodynamic therapy to cause a cidal effect towards cells on irradiation due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. These cidal effects have also been used to treat infectious diseases. The effects and benefits of photosensitisers in the treatment of such conditions are still being developed and further realised, with the design of novel delivery strategies. This review provides an overview of the realisation of the pharmaceutically relevant uses of photosensitisers, both in the context of current research and in terms of current clinical application, and looks to the future direction of research. EXPERT OPINION Substantial advances have been and are being made in the use of photosensitisers. Of particular note are their antimicrobial applications, due to absence of resistance that is so frequently associated with conventional treatments. Their potency of action and the ability to immobilise to polymeric supports is opening a wide range of possibilities with great potential for use in healthcare infection prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Craig
- Queen's University Belfast, School of Pharmacy , 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL , UK
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22
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Photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans using bridged polysilsesquioxane films doped with porphyrin. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4032-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 04/28/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Carvalho CM, Tomé JP, Faustino MA, Neves MG, Tomé AC, Cavaleiro JA, Costa L, Alves E, Oliveira A, Cunha Â, Almeida A. Antimicrobial photodynamic activity of porphyrin derivatives: potential application on medical and water disinfection. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424609000528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this highlight an overview of the advances performed by the Aveiro group on the design and synthesis of tetrapyrrolic photosensitizers with potential photodynamic antimicrobial activity is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla M.B. Carvalho
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João P.C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria A.F. Faustino
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria G.P.M.S. Neves
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Augusto C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José A.S. Cavaleiro
- Department of Chemistry and QOPNA, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Liliana Costa
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eliana Alves
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Anabela Oliveira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ângela Cunha
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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24
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Carpenter BL, Feese E, Sadeghifar H, Argyropoulos DS, Ghiladi RA. Porphyrin-Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Photobactericidal Material that Exhibits Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity†. Photochem Photobiol 2012; 88:527-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2012.01117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Feese E, Sadeghifar H, Gracz HS, Argyropoulos DS, Ghiladi RA. Photobactericidal porphyrin-cellulose nanocrystals: synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial properties. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3528-39. [PMID: 21838250 DOI: 10.1021/bm200718s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adherence and survival of pathogenic bacteria on surfaces leading to concomitant transmission to new hosts significantly contributes to the proliferation of pathogens, which in turn considerably increases the threat to human health, particularly by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Consequently, more research into effective surface disinfection and alternative materials (fabrics, plastics, or coatings) with antimicrobial and other bioactive characteristics is desirable. This report describes the synthesis and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals that were surface-modified with a cationic porphyrin. The porphyrin was appended onto the cellulose surface via the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen-Meldal-Sharpless 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition having occurred between azide groups on the cellulosic surface and porphyrinic alkynes. The resulting, generally insoluble, crystalline material, CNC-Por (5), was characterized by infrared and diffusion (1)H NMR spectroscopies, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. Although only suspended, and not dissolved, in an aqueous system, CNC-Por (5) showed excellent efficacy toward the photodynamic inactivation of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Staphylococcus aureus , albeit only slight activity against Escherichia coli . The synthesis, properties, and activity of CNC-Por (5) described herein serve as a benchmark toward our overall objectives of developing novel, potent, bioactive, photobactericidal materials that are effective against a range of bacteria, with potential utilization in the health care and food preparation industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Feese
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States
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26
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Ringot C, Sol V, Barrière M, Saad N, Bressollier P, Granet R, Couleaud P, Frochot C, Krausz P. Triazinyl Porphyrin-Based Photoactive Cotton Fabrics: Preparation, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1716-23. [DOI: 10.1021/bm200082d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Ringot
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Vincent Sol
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
- GDR CNRS 3049, Médicaments Photoactivables−Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED), France
| | - Matthieu Barrière
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Naïma Saad
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Philippe Bressollier
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Robert Granet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Pierre Couleaud
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UPR 3349, Nancy-Université, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, F-54001 Nancy, France
| | - Céline Frochot
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UPR 3349, Nancy-Université, CNRS, 1 rue Grandville, F-54001 Nancy, France
- GDR CNRS 3049, Médicaments Photoactivables−Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED), France
| | - Pierre Krausz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université de Limoges, EA 1069, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
- GDR CNRS 3049, Médicaments Photoactivables−Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED), France
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Káfuňková E, Lang K, Kubát P, Klementová M, Mosinger J, Šlouf M, Troutier-Thuilliez AL, Leroux F, Verney V, Taviot-Guého C. Porphyrin-layered double hydroxide/polymer composites as novel ecological photoactive surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Almeida A, Cunha Â, Gomes NC, Alves E, Costa L, Faustino MA. Phage therapy and photodynamic therapy: low environmental impact approaches to inactivate microorganisms in fish farming plants. Mar Drugs 2009; 7:268-313. [PMID: 19841715 PMCID: PMC2763101 DOI: 10.3390/md7030268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the increasing importance of aquaculture to compensate for the progressive worldwide reduction of natural fish and to the fact that several fish farming plants often suffer from heavy financial losses due to the development of infections caused by microbial pathogens, including multidrug resistant bacteria, more environmentally-friendly strategies to control fish infections are urgently needed to make the aquaculture industry more sustainable. The aim of this review is to briefly present the typical fish farming diseases and their threats and discuss the present state of chemotherapy to inactivate microorganisms in fish farming plants as well as to examine the new environmentally friendly approaches to control fish infection namely phage therapy and photodynamic antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaide Almeida
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro – Portugal; E-Mails: (A.C.); (N.C.M.G.); (E.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Ângela Cunha
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro – Portugal; E-Mails: (A.C.); (N.C.M.G.); (E.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Newton C.M. Gomes
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro – Portugal; E-Mails: (A.C.); (N.C.M.G.); (E.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Eliana Alves
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro – Portugal; E-Mails: (A.C.); (N.C.M.G.); (E.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Liliana Costa
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro – Portugal; E-Mails: (A.C.); (N.C.M.G.); (E.A.); (L.C.)
| | - Maria A.F. Faustino
- QOPNA and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro – Portugal; E-Mail:
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29
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Krouit M, Granet R, Krausz P. Photobactericidal films from porphyrins grafted to alkylated cellulose – synthesis and bactericidal properties. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Funes MD, Caminos DA, Alvarez MG, Fungo F, Otero LA, Durantini EN. Photodynamic properties and photoantimicrobial action of electrochemically generated porphyrin polymeric films. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:902-908. [PMID: 19245034 DOI: 10.1021/es802450b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic and photodynamic properties of polymeric films bearing porphyrin units have been studied in both solution containing photooxidizable substrates and in vitro on Escherichia coli and Candida albicans microorganisms. The films were formed by electrochemical polymerization of 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-N,N-diphenylaminophenyl)porphyrin (H2P-film) and its complex with Pd(II) (PdP-film) on optically transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. Absorption spectroscopic studies show the characteristic Soret and Q bands of the porphyrin in the visible region and a band at approximately 350 nm corresponding to the tetraphenylbenzidine units. Upon excitation, the H2P-film exhibits two bands of fluorescence emission from porphyrin, while it is not detected using PdP-film. The singlet molecular oxygen, O2(1Deltag), productions of these surfaces were evaluated using 9,10-dimethylanthracene in N,N-dimethylformamide. Also, the photodynamic activity was compared in solutions of L-tryptophan. Under these conditions, oxidation of these substrates takes place indicating an efficient photodynamic action of both polymeric films. In vitro investigations show that these films produce photosensitized inactivation of microbial cells in aqueous suspensions. These films exhibit a photosensitizing activity causing a approximately 3 log decrease of E. coil and approximately 2.5 log of C. albicans cellular survival after 30 min of irradiation with visible light. The photodynamic effect of the surfaces was also tested by growth delay experiments. The results indicate that porphyrins immobilized on electropolymeric films are interesting and versatile photodynamic surfaces to inactivate microorganisms in liquid suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías D Funes
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal Nro. 3, X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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31
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Krouit M, Granet R, Krausz P. Photobactericidal plastic films based on cellulose esterified by chloroacetate and a cationic porphyrin. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:10091-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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López-Carballo G, Hernández-Muñoz P, Gavara R, Ocio MJ. Photoactivated chlorophyllin-based gelatin films and coatings to prevent microbial contamination of food products. Int J Food Microbiol 2008; 126:65-70. [PMID: 18555550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2008] [Revised: 04/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop antimicrobial photosensitizer-containing edible films and coatings based on gelatin as the polymer matrix, incorporating sodium magnesium chlorophyllin (E-140) and sodium copper chlorophyllin (E-141). Chlorophyllins were incorporated into the gelatin film-forming solution and the inhibiting effect of the cast films was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The results demonstrated that water soluble sodium magnesium chlorophyllin and water soluble sodium copper chlorophyllin reduced the growth of S. aureus and L. monocytogenes by 5 log and 4 log respectively. Subsequently, the activity of self-standing films and coatings containing E-140 was assessed on cooked frankfurters inoculated with S. aureus and L. monocytogenes. These tests showed that it was possible to reduce microorganism growth in cooked frankfurters inoculated with S. aureus and L. monocytogenes by covering them with sodium magnesium chlorophyllin-gelatin films and coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- G López-Carballo
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), CSIC, Apartado Correos 73, 46100 Burjassot Valencia, Spain
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