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Noor R, Zahoor AF, Naqvi SAR, ul Haq A, Akhtar R. Synthetic potential of ring expansions of 5-membered carbo- & heterocycles: A review. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2047728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rida Noor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ali Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Atta ul Haq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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2
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Hossain M, Enci CE, Dimmock JR, Das U. Discovery and Investigation of 1-[4-(2-Aminoethoxy)Phenylcarbonyl]- 3,5-Bis-(Benzylidene)-4-Piperidones as Candidate Antineoplastic Agents: Our Last 15 Years Study. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2453-2464. [PMID: 32744955 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200730215752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review outlines the discovery and development of a novel series of 1-[4-2- aminoethoxy)phenylcarbonyl]-3,5-bis-(benzylidene)-4-piperidones (5-8) as potential drug candidates over the last 15 years in our laboratory. Many of these compounds demonstrate excellent cytotoxic properties and are often more potent than contemporary anticancer drugs. Two highly important features of many of these molecules are first, the greater tumour-selective toxicity and second, the ability of these molecules to act as modulators of multi-drug resistance. The modes of action of some of the potent compounds are by apoptosis induction, generation of reactive oxygen species, activation of certain caspases and affecting mitochondrial functions. These molecules also display promising antimalarial and antimycobacterial properties. In a short term toxicity study, these molecules are well tolerated in mice. Structure-activity relationships and a drug delivery system along with pharmacokinetic studies and metabolic stability of these compounds, have been presented. The positive characteristics associated with the series (5-8) warrant their further evaluations as candidate antineoplastic drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossain
- School of Sciences, Indiana University Kokomo, Kokomo, Indiana 46904, United States
| | - Carlos E Enci
- School of Sciences, Indiana University Kokomo, Kokomo, Indiana 46904, United States
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Saskatchewan, Canada
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3
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Bhattacherjee D, Shaifali, Kumar A, Sharma A, Purohit R, Das P. Iodine(iii) promoted ring-rearrangement reaction of 1-arylamino-2-oxocyclopentane-1-carbonitriles to synthesize N-aryl-δ-valerolactams. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:745-749. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02598g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally benign hypervalent iodine(iii) has been utilised selectively for carbocyclic to heterocyclic ring transformation under various electronic conditions with detailed structural and mechanistic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Bhattacherjee
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Ural Federal University
| | - Shaifali
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- New Delhi
- India
- Structural Bioinformatics Lab
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT)
| | - Pralay Das
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology
- Palampur-176061
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
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4
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Mohanraj V, Ponnuswamy S. Design, synthesis, characterisation, conformation and biological investigation of N-acyl r-2,c-6-bis (4-methoxyphenyl)-c-3,t-3-dimethylpiperidin-4-ones. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Sun JF, Hou GG, Zhao F, Cong W, Li HJ, Liu WS, Wang C. Synthesis, Antiproliferative, and Multidrug Resistance Reversal Activities of Heterocyclic α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:534-41. [PMID: 27096419 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of heterocyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (1a-1d, 2a-2d, 3a-3d, 4a-3d, and 5a-5d) with 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienyl pharmacophore were synthesized for the development of anticancer and multidrug resistance reverting agents. The antiproliferative activities were tested against nine human cancer cell lines. Approximately 73% of the IC50 values were below 5 μm, while 35% of these figures were submicromolar, and compounds 3a-3d with 4-trifluoro methyl in the arylidene benzene rings were the most potent, since their IC50 values are between 0.06 and 3.09 μm against all cancer cell lines employed. Meanwhile, their multidrug resistance reversal properties and cellular uptake were further examined. The data displayed that all of these compounds could reverse multidrug resistance, particularly, compounds 3a and 4a demonstrated both potent multidrug resistance reverting properties and strong antiproliferative activities, which can be taken as leading molecules for further research of dual effect agents in tumor chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Feng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
| | - Gui-Ge Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Wei Cong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Hong-Juan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Wen-Shuai Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
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6
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Das U, Pati HN, Baráth Z, Csonka Á, Molnár J, Dimmock JR. 1-[3-(2-Hydroxyethylsulfanyl)propanoyl]-3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones: A novel cluster of P-glycoprotein dependent multidrug resistance modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1319-21. [PMID: 26796064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1-[3-(2-hydroxyethylsulfanyl)propanoyl]-3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones 4a-e display promising P-glycoprotein dependent multidrug resistance (MDR) revertant properties and are significantly more potent than a reference drug verapamil when evaluated against L-5178Y MDR lymphoma cells. These dienones may be referred to as dual agents having both MDR revertant properties and tumour-selective cytotoxicity. In particular, 3,5-bis(4-chlorobenzylidene)-1-[3-(2-hydroxyethylsulfanyl]propanoyl-4-piperidone 4d emerged as a lead molecule for further development based on its MDR revertant properties, cytotoxic potencies and tumour-selective toxicity. The structure-activity relationships reveal important structural requirements for further designing of potent MDR revertants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umashankar Das
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
| | - Hari N Pati
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
| | - Zoltan Baráth
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ákos Csonka
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Joseph Molnár
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Jonathan R Dimmock
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada.
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7
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Sun J, Zhang S, Yu C, Hou G, Zhang X, Li K, Zhao F. Design, Synthesis and Bioevaluation of NovelN-Substituted-3,5-Bis(Arylidene)-4-piperidone Derivatives as Cytotoxic and Antitumor Agents with Fluorescent Properties. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 83:392-400. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jufeng Sun
- Binzhou Medical University; Yantai 264003 China
| | | | - Chen Yu
- Binzhou Medical University; Yantai 264003 China
| | - Guige Hou
- Binzhou Medical University; Yantai 264003 China
| | | | - Keke Li
- Binzhou Medical University; Yantai 264003 China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Binzhou Medical University; Yantai 264003 China
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8
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From a cytotoxic agent to the discovery of a novel antimalarial agent. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:584-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Helal M, Das U, Bandy B, Islam A, Nazarali AJ, Dimmock JR. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the cytotoxicity of some 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidone derivatives in colon HCT-116 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 23:1075-8. [PMID: 23305919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study are to investigate the possible ways by which the curcumin analogs 2a and 2b exert their antiproliferative properties. The analogs 2a and 2b have submicromolar IC(50) values towards human HCT-116 colon cancer cells but are far less toxic to human non-malignant CRL-1790 colon cells. Both compounds affected a number of mitochondrial functions in HCT-116 cells namely increasing the intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species, inhibiting oxygen consumption and decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential. These molecules also produced swelling of isolated rat liver mitochondria, supporting a mitochondrial mechanism of cytotoxicity. Both compounds reacted with glutathione in the presence of glutathione S-transferase π and hence they may be classified as thiol alkylators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muath Helal
- Drug Design and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C9
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Das S, Das U, Sakagami H, Umemura N, Iwamoto S, Matsuta T, Kawase M, Molnár J, Serly J, Gorecki DK, Dimmock JR. Dimeric 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones: A novel cluster of tumour-selective cytotoxins possessing multidrug-resistant properties. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 51:193-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Tang X, Gu X, Ren Z, Ma Y, Lai Y, Peng H, Peng S, Zhang Y. Synthesis and evaluation of substituted dibenzo[c,e]azepine-5-ones as P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance reversal agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2675-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Chaturvedi D, Chaturvedi AK, Mishra N, Mishra V. An efficient and novel approach for the synthesis of substituted N-aryl lactams. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9148-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26230d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Kálai T, Kuppusamy ML, Balog M, Selvendiran K, Rivera BK, Kuppusamy P, Hideg K. Synthesis of N-substituted 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones with high antitumor and antioxidant activity. J Med Chem 2011; 54:5414-21. [PMID: 21702507 DOI: 10.1021/jm200353f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidone (DAP) compounds are considered as synthetic analogues of curcumin for anticancer properties. We performed structure-activity relationship studies by synthesizing a number of DAPs N-alkylated or acylated with nitroxides or their amine precursors as potent antioxidant moieties. Both subtituents on arylidene rings and on piperidone nitrogen (five- or six-membered, 2- or 3-substituted or 3,4-disubstituted isoindoline nitroxides) were varied. The anticancer efficacy of the new DAP compounds was tested by measuring their cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines A2780 and MCF-7 and to the H9c2 cell line. The results showed that all DAP compounds induced a significant loss of cell viability in the human cancer cell lines tested; however, only pyrroline appended nitroxides (5c (Selvendiran, K.; Tong, L.; Bratasz, A.; Kuppusamy, L. M.; Ahmed, S.; Ravi, Y.; Trigg, N. J.; Rivera, B. K.; Kálai, T.; Hideg, K.; Kuppusamy, P. Mol. Cancer Ther. 2010, 9, 1169-1179), 5e, 7, 9) showed limited toxicity toward noncancerous cell lines. Computer docking simulations support the biological activity tested. These results suggest that antioxidant-conjugated DAPs will be useful as a safe and effective anticancer agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Kálai
- Institute of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Lagisetty P, Vilekar P, Sahoo K, Anant S, Awasthi V. CLEFMA-an anti-proliferative curcuminoid from structure-activity relationship studies on 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6109-20. [PMID: 20638855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
3,5-Bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones are being advanced as synthetic analogs of curcumin for anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. We performed structure-activity relationship studies, by testing several synthesized 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones for anti-proliferative activity in lung adenocarcinoma H441 cells. Compared to the lead compound 1, or 3,5-bis(2-fluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone, five compounds were found to be more potent (IC(50) < 30 microM), and 16 compounds possessed reduced cell-killing efficacy (IC(50) > 50 microM). Based on the observations, we synthesized 4-[3,5-bis(2-chlorobenzylidene-4-oxo-piperidine-1-yl)-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid] (29 or CLEFMA) as a novel analog of 1. CLEFMA was evaluated for anti-proliferative activity in H441 cells, and was found to be several folds more potent than compound 1. We did not find apoptotic cell population in flow cytometry, and the absence of apoptosis was confirmed by the lack of caspase cleavage. The electron microscopy of H441cells indicated that CLEFMA and compound 1 induce autophagic cell death that was inhibited by specific autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. The results suggest that the potent and novel curcuminoid, CLEFMA, offers an alternative mode of cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Lagisetty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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Das S, Das U, Selvakumar P, Sharma RK, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Molnár J, Serly J, Baráth Z, Schatte G, Bandy B, Gorecki DKJ, Dimmock JR. 3,5-Bis(benzylidene)-4-oxo-1-phosphonopiperidines and related diethyl esters: Potent cytotoxins with multi-drug-resistance reverting properties. ChemMedChem 2010; 4:1831-40. [PMID: 19802855 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-4-piperidones 3 were converted into the corresponding 3,5-bis(benzylidene)-1-phosphono-4-piperidones 5 via diethyl esters 4. The analogues in series 4 and 5 displayed marked growth inhibitory properties toward human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes as well as murine leukemia L1210 cells. In general, the N-phosphono compounds 5, which are more hydrophilic than the analogues in series 3 and 4, were the most potent cluster of cytotoxins, and, in particular, 3,5-bis-(2-nitrobenzylidene)-1-phosphono-4-piperidone 5 g had an average IC(50) value of 34 nM toward the two T-lymphocyte cell lines. Four of the compounds displayed potent cytotoxicity toward a panel of nearly 60 human tumor cell lines, and nanomolar IC(50) values were observed in a number of cases. The mode of action of 5 g includes the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cellular respiration. Most of the members of series 4 as well as several analogues in series 5 are potent multi-drug resistance (MDR) reverting compounds. Various correlations were noted between certain molecular features of series 4 and 5 and cytotoxic properties, affording some guidelines in expanding this study.
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Serra A, Pineiro M, Santos CI, Rocha Gonsalves AMD, Abrantes M, Laranjo M, Botelho MF. In VitroPhotodynamic Activity of 5,15-bis(3-Hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin and Its Halogenated Derivatives Against Cancer Cells. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:206-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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18
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Lagisetty P, Powell DR, Awasthi V. Synthesis and structural determination of 3,5-bis(2-fluorobenzylidene)-4-piperidone analogs of curcumin. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2-(3-Aryl-2-propenoyl)-3-methylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxides: a novel cluster of tumor-specific cytotoxins which reverse multidrug resistance. Bioorg Med Chem 2009. [PMID: 19427790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.021.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-(3-aryl-2-propenoyl)-3-methylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxides 3a-l were prepared by condensation of various aryl aldehydes with 2-acetyl-3-methylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxide 2. These compounds inhibit the growth of human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes and the IC(50) values are mainly in the 5-30 microM range. The quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide 3j inhibited the growth of 58 human tumor cell lines, particularly leukemic and breast cancer neoplasms. All of the compounds 3a-l reversed the multidrug resistance (MDR) properties of murine L-5178Y leukemic cells which were transfected with the human MDR1 gene. The MDR-reversing effect may be due to the conjugated pi-electron system forming a weak electron charge transfer complex with the P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pump. The compounds in series 2 and 3 were assessed against HL-60, HSC-2, HSC-3 and HSC-4 malignant cells as well as HGF, HPC and HPLF normal cell lines which revealed that the majority of the compounds displayed a greater toxicity to neoplastic than normal cells. Various ways in which the project may be expanded are presented.
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20
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Das U, Pati HN, Panda AK, De Clercq E, Balzarini J, Molnár J, Baráth Z, Ocsovszki I, Kawase M, Zhou L, Sakagami H, Dimmock JR. 2-(3-Aryl-2-propenoyl)-3-methylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxides: a novel cluster of tumor-specific cytotoxins which reverse multidrug resistance. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:3909-15. [PMID: 19427790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-(3-aryl-2-propenoyl)-3-methylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxides 3a-l were prepared by condensation of various aryl aldehydes with 2-acetyl-3-methylquinoxaline-1,4-dioxide 2. These compounds inhibit the growth of human Molt 4/C8 and CEM T-lymphocytes and the IC(50) values are mainly in the 5-30 microM range. The quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide 3j inhibited the growth of 58 human tumor cell lines, particularly leukemic and breast cancer neoplasms. All of the compounds 3a-l reversed the multidrug resistance (MDR) properties of murine L-5178Y leukemic cells which were transfected with the human MDR1 gene. The MDR-reversing effect may be due to the conjugated pi-electron system forming a weak electron charge transfer complex with the P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux pump. The compounds in series 2 and 3 were assessed against HL-60, HSC-2, HSC-3 and HSC-4 malignant cells as well as HGF, HPC and HPLF normal cell lines which revealed that the majority of the compounds displayed a greater toxicity to neoplastic than normal cells. Various ways in which the project may be expanded are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umashankar Das
- Drug Design and Discovery Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5C9.
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Das U, Sharma RK, Dimmock JR. 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienes: a case for antineoplastics with multiple targets. Curr Med Chem 2009; 16:2001-20. [PMID: 19519378 PMCID: PMC3326067 DOI: 10.2174/092986709788682218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A number of organic molecules which contain the 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienyl group, referred to hereafter as the dienone moiety, have antineoplastic properties. Emphasis is made on the attachment of this structural moiety to several molecular scaffolds, namely piperidines, N-acylpiperidines, cycloalkanes and 3,4-dihydro-1H-napthalenes. Many of these compounds are potent cytotoxins having micromolar and nanomolar IC(50) values towards a wide range of neoplastic and transformed cells. On occasions, greater toxicity towards neoplasms than normal cells has been demonstrated. A number of these compounds have in vivo anticancer properties and in general excellent tolerability in rodents is demonstrated. The way in which a number of physicochemical properties such as redox potentials, torsion angles, atomic charges and logP values govern cytotoxic potencies are presented. The importance of the shapes of different compounds as determined by molecular modeling in contributing to antineoplastic properties is outlined. Arguments are presented in favour of designing antineoplastics which have multiple sites of action in contrast to those bioactive molecules which have only one molecular target. A number of compounds which possess the dienone group have different modes of action some of which are chronicled in this review, such as inducing apoptosis, affecting respiration in mitochondria, inhibiting macromolecular biosynthesis and both inhibiting and stimulating certain enzymes. Other important properties of these compounds are discussed including their anti-angiogenic, MDR-revertant and antioxidant properties. It is hoped that this eulogy of the importance of the dienone group will encourage researchers to consider incorporating this structural unit into candidate cytotoxins in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Das
- Drug Design and Discovery Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5C9, Canada
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