1
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Karila T, Tervahartiala T, Cohen B, Sorsa T. The collagenases: are they tractable targets for preventing cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:93-105. [PMID: 35081858 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2035362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) have been intensely investigated; however, the disease course and progression are not completely understood. A prominent role for interstitial collagenases is recognized in this degenerative process, hence strategies to target them are of major interest. AREAS COVERED The pathogenesis of OA, the role of interstitial collagenases (MMP-1, -8 and -13) and collagenase modifying drugs are examined and discussed. We reviewed relevant papers from PubMed and Google Scholar. EXPERT OPINION There is strong evidence for the therapeutic potential of MMP inhibitors in OA; however, they are not expected to impact the inflammatory process. Therefore, there is a need for a relative inhibitor of MMP-13 collagenase which possesses anti-inflammatory properties. The identification of novel broad-spectrum relative multiple peptidase inhibitors could provide desirable tools for the prophylaxis, cure, or treatment of diseases involving articular cartilage (AC) degradation, in particular OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Karila
- Hospital Orton, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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2
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Taylor SJ, Abeywardane A, Liang S, Xiong Z, Proudfoot JR, Farmer BS, Gao DA, Heim-Riether A, Smith-Keenan LL, Muegge I, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Souza D, Panzenbeck M, Goldberg D, Hill-Drzewi M, Margarit M, Collins B, Li JX, Zuvela-Jelaska L, Li J, Farrow NA. Indole Inhibitors of MMP-13 for Arthritic Disorders. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18635-18650. [PMID: 34337203 PMCID: PMC8319936 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here, we described the design, by fragment merging and multiparameter optimization, of selective MMP-13 inhibitors that display an appropriate balance of potency and physicochemical properties to qualify as tool compounds suitable for in vivo testing. Optimization of potency was guided by structure-based insights, specifically to replace an ester moiety and introduce polar directional hydrogen bonding interactions in the core of the molecule. By introducing polar enthalpic interactions in this series of inhibitors, the overall beneficial physicochemical properties were maintained. These physicochemical properties translated to excellent drug-like properties beyond potency. In a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis, treatment of mice with selective inhibitors of MMP-13 resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the mean arthritic score vs control when dosed over a 14 day period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Taylor
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Asitha Abeywardane
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Shuang Liang
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Zhaoming Xiong
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - John R. Proudfoot
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Bennett Sandy Farmer
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Donghong A. Gao
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Alexander Heim-Riether
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Lana Louise Smith-Keenan
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Ingo Muegge
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Donald Souza
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Mark Panzenbeck
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Daniel Goldberg
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Melissa Hill-Drzewi
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Mariana Margarit
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Brandon Collins
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - John Xiang Li
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Ljiljana Zuvela-Jelaska
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
| | - Neil A. Farrow
- Boehringer
Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States
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3
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Knapinska AM, Singh C, Drotleff G, Blanco D, Chai C, Schwab J, Herd A, Fields GB. Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Inhibitors for Modulation of Osteoclastogenesis: Enhancement of Solubility and Stability. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1133-1142. [PMID: 33331147 PMCID: PMC8035250 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) activity has been correlated to breast cancer bone metastasis. It has been proposed that MMP-13 contributes to bone metastasis through the promotion of osteoclastogenesis. To explore the mechanisms of MMP-13 action, we previously described a highly efficacious and selective MMP-13 inhibitor, RF036. Unfortunately, further pursuit of RF036 as a probe of MMP-13 in vitro and in vivo activities was not practical due to the limited solubility and stability of the inhibitor. Our new study has explored replacing the RF036 backbone sulfur atom and terminal methyl group to create inhibitors with more favorable pharmacokinetic properties. One compound, designated inhibitor 3, in which the backbone sulfur and terminal methyl group of RF036 were replaced by nitrogen and oxetane, respectively, had comparable activity, selectivity, and membrane permeability to RF036, while exhibiting greatly enhanced solubility and stability. Inhibitor 3 effectively inhibited MMP-13-mediated osteoclastogenesis but spared collagenolysis, and thus represents a next-generation MMP-13 probe applicable for in vivo studies of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Knapinska
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Chandani Singh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Gary Drotleff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Daniela Blanco
- Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Cedric Chai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Jason Schwab
- Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Anu Herd
- Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I-HEALTH), Florida Atlantic University, 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, 120 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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4
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Fischer T, Riedl R. Challenges with matrix metalloproteinase inhibition and future drug discovery avenues. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:75-88. [PMID: 32921161 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1819235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Matrix metalloproteinases have been in the scope of pharmaceutical drug discovery for decades as promising targets for drug development. Until present, no modulator of the enzyme class survived clinical trials, all failing for various reasons. Nevertheless, the target family did not lose its attractiveness and there is ever more evidence that MMP modulators are likely to overcome the hurdles and result in successful clinical therapies. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of past efforts that were taken in the development of MMP inhibitors and insight into promising strategies that might enable drug discovery in the field in the future. Small molecule inhibitors as well as biomolecules are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION Despite the lack of successful clinical trials in the past, there is ongoing research in the field of MMP modulation, proving the target class has not lost its appeal to pharmaceutical research. With ever-growing insights from different scientific fields that shed light on previously unknown correlations, it is now time to use synergies deriving from biological knowledge, chemical structure generation, and clinical application to reach the ultimate goal of bringing MMP derived drugs on a broad front for the benefit of patients into therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fischer
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW , 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
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5
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Wan Y, Li W, Liao Z, Yan M, Chen X, Tang Z. Selective MMP-13 Inhibitors: Promising Agents for the Therapy of Osteoarthritis. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:3753-3769. [PMID: 30556497 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666181217153118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related degenerative disease, which is characterized by chronic joint pain, inflammation and the damage of joint cartilage. At present, steroidal drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, are the first-line drugs for the treatment of OA. However, these drugs could lead to some cardiovascular side effects. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel agents for the treatment of OA. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), an important member of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family, plays a vital role by degrading type II collagen in articular cartilage and bone in OA. It is noted that MMP-13 is specially expressed in the OA patients, and not in normal adults. In addition, broadspectrum MMP inhibitors could result in some painful and joint-stiffening side effects, called musculoskeletal syndrome (MSS) in the clinical trials. Thus, developing selective MMP-13 inhibitors is a potential strategy for the therapy of OA. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of selective MMP-13 inhibitors including two subfamilies, namely zinc-binding and non-zinc-binding selective MMP-13 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.,Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.,Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
| | - Zhipeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.,Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
| | - Mi Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Xuwang Chen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zilong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.,Hunan Provincial College Key Laboratory of QSAR/QSPR, Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Materials for New Energy Storage and conversion, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
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6
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Fischer T, Senn N, Riedl R. Design and Structural Evolution of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors. Chemistry 2019; 25:7960-7980. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fischer
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, and BiotechnologyZurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Nicole Senn
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, and BiotechnologyZurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Center of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, and BiotechnologyZurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
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7
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Amar S, Minond D, Fields GB. Clinical Implications of Compounds Designed to Inhibit ECM-Modifying Metalloproteinases. Proteomics 2017; 17. [PMID: 28613012 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial in development and homeostasis, but also has a significant role in disease progression. Two metalloproteinase families, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and a disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs), participate in the remodeling of the ECM, either directly or through the liberation of growth factors and cell surface receptors. The correlation of MMP and ADAM activity to a variety of diseases has instigated numerous drug development programs. However, broad-based and Zn2+ -chelating MMP and ADAM inhibitors have fared poorly in the clinic. Selective MMP and ADAM inhibitors have been described recently based on (a) antibodies or antibody fragments or (b) small molecules designed to take advantage of protease secondary binding sites (exosites) or allosteric sites. Clinical trials have been undertaken with several of these inhibitors, while others are in advanced pre-clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Amar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Dmitriy Minond
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL, USA
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8
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Xie XW, Wan RZ, Liu ZP. Recent Research Advances in Selective Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Inhibitors as Anti-Osteoarthritis Agents. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1157-1168. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wen Xie
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 P.R. China
| | - Ren-Zhong Wan
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine; Shandong Agricultural University; 61 Daizong Street Taian 271018 P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Peng Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan 250012 P.R. China
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9
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Bhowmick M, Tokmina-Roszyk D, Onwuha-Ekpete L, Harmon K, Robichaud T, Fuerst R, Stawikowska R, Steffensen B, Roush W, Wong HR, Fields GB. Second Generation Triple-Helical Peptide Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3814-3827. [PMID: 28394608 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The design of selective matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors that also possess favorable solubility properties has proved to be especially challenging. A prior approach using collagen-model templates combined with transition state analogs produced a first generation of triple-helical peptide inhibitors (THPIs) that were effective in vitro against discrete members of the MMP family. These THPI constructs were also highly water-soluble. The present study sought improvements in the first generation THPIs by enhancing thermal stability and selectivity. A THPI selective for MMP-2 and MMP-9 was redesigned to incorporate non-native amino acids (Flp and mep), resulting in an increase of 18 °C in thermal stability. This THPI was effective in vivo in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, reducing clinical severity and weight loss. Two other THPIs were developed to be more selective within the collagenolytic members of the MMP family. One of these THPIs was serendipitously more effective against MMP-8 than MT1-MMP and was utilized successfully in a mouse model of sepsis. The THPI targeting MMP-8 minimized lung damage, increased production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and vastly improved mouse survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manishabrata Bhowmick
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies , 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, Florida 34987, United States.,Sigma-Aldrich Corporation , 3 Strathmore Road, Natick, Massachusetts 01760, United States
| | - Dorota Tokmina-Roszyk
- Florida Atlantic University , 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Lillian Onwuha-Ekpete
- Florida Atlantic University , 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Kelli Harmon
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
| | - Trista Robichaud
- University of Texas Health Science Center , 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio Texas 78229, United States
| | - Rita Fuerst
- The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida , 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Roma Stawikowska
- Florida Atlantic University , 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Bjorn Steffensen
- University of Texas Health Science Center , 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio Texas 78229, United States.,School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University , 1 Kneeland Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
| | - William Roush
- The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida , 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Hector R Wong
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, United States
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Florida Atlantic University , 5353 Parkside Drive, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States.,The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida , 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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10
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Matrix metalloproteinases: new directions toward inhibition in the fight against cancers. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:297-309. [PMID: 26910530 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases are zinc-dependent enzymes whose main function is to cleave the components of the extracellular matrix. Their overexpression is evident in all cancers but to date there is no satisfactory way to inhibit their actions. Here, we look at their types, their structures, their functions and the developing understanding we have of them in the search for ways to drug them and inhibit their actions selectively. We investigate their subtle but exploitable differences in order that we can develop drugs to target them and even to target specific substrates and functions that they carry out. To date there are no new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors developed to treat cancer, but we are progressing in our understanding of them, which is leading us ever closer to our goal.
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11
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Amin M, Pushpakumar S, Muradashvili N, Kundu S, Tyagi SC, Sen U. Regulation and involvement of matrix metalloproteinases in vascular diseases. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2016; 21:89-118. [PMID: 26709763 PMCID: PMC5462461 DOI: 10.2741/4378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc dependent endopeptidases whose main function is to degrade and deposit structural proteins within the extracellular matrix (ECM). A dysregulation of MMPs is linked to vascular diseases. MMPs are classified into collagenases, gelatinases, membrane-type, metalloelastase, stromelysins, matrilysins, enamelysins, and unclassified subgroups. The production of MMPs is stimulated by factors such as oxidative stress, growth factors and inflammation which lead to its up- or down-regulation with subsequent ECM remodeling. Normally, excess activation of MMPs is controlled by their endogenous inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). An imbalance of MMPs and TIMPs has been implicated in hypertension, atherosclerotic plaque formation and instability, aortic aneurysms and varicose vein wall remodeling. Also, recent evidence suggests epigenetic regulation of some MMPs in angiogenesis and atherosclerosis. Over the years, pharmacological inhibitors of MMPs have been used to modify or prevent the development of the disease with some success. In this review, we discuss recent advances in MMP biology, and their involvement in the manifestation of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Amin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY-40202
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY-40202
| | - Nino Muradashvili
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY-40202
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY-40202
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY-40202
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY-40202,
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12
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Synthesis ofortho-(Fluoro)alkylated PyridinesviaVisible Light-Promoted Radical Isocyanide Insertion. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Fields GB. New strategies for targeting matrix metalloproteinases. Matrix Biol 2015; 44-46:239-46. [PMID: 25595836 PMCID: PMC4466128 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors has often been frustrated by a lack of specificity and subsequent off-target effects. More recently, inhibitor design has considered secondary binding sites (exosites) to improve specificity. Small molecules and peptides have been developed that bind exosites in the catalytic (CAT) domain of MMP-13, the CAT or hemopexin-like (HPX) domain of MT1-MMP, and the collagen binding domain (CBD) of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Antibody-based approaches have resulted in selective inhibitors for MMP-9 and MT1-MMP that target CAT domain exosites. Triple-helical “mini-proteins” have taken advantage of collagen binding exosites, producing a family of novel probes. A variety of non-traditional approaches that incorporate exosite binding into the design process has yielded inhibitors with desirable selectivities within the MMP family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg B Fields
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, 5353 Parkside Drive, Building MC17, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States; The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, Department of Chemistry, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States; Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Department of Chemistry, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, United States; Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Department of Biology, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, United States.
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14
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Li MH, Zhang YF, Tian HR, Zheng MH, Yang MY, Fang HL, Xie YZ, Jin JY. Nitro-based selective inhibitors against matrix metalloproteinase-7 over matrix metalloproteinase-1. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22271k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of nitro-based dipeptidic compounds were synthesized and evaluated as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors, with improved selectivity for the inhibition of MMP-7 over MMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Li
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Hong-Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules
- Ministry of Education
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Ming-Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Hu-Lin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules
- Ministry of Education
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Yu-Zhong Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
| | - Jing-Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules
- Ministry of Education
- Yanbian University
- Yanji City
- China
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15
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Spicer TP, Jiang J, Taylor AB, Choi JY, Hart PJ, Roush WR, Fields GB, Hodder PS, Minond D. Characterization of selective exosite-binding inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 13 that prevent articular cartilage degradation in vitro. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9598-611. [PMID: 25330343 PMCID: PMC4255739 DOI: 10.1021/jm501284e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) has been shown to be the main collagenase responsible for degradation of articular cartilage during osteoarthritis and therefore represents a target for drug development. As a result of high-throughput screening and structure-activity relationship studies, we identified a novel, highly selective class of MMP-13 inhibitors (compounds 1 (Q), 2 (Q1), and 3 (Q2)). Mechanistic characterization revealed a noncompetitive nature of these inhibitors with binding constants in the low micromolar range. Crystallographic analyses revealed two binding modes for compound 2 in the MMP-13 S1' subsite and in an S1/S2* subsite. Type II collagen- and cartilage-protective effects exhibited by compounds 1, 2, and 3 suggested that these compounds might be efficacious in future in vivo studies. Finally, these compounds were also highly selective when tested against a panel of 30 proteases, which, in combination with a good CYP inhibition profile, suggested low off-target toxicity and drug-drug interactions in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P Spicer
- Lead Identification Division, Translational Research Institute, ‡Department of Molecular Therapeutics, and §Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, The Scripps Research Institute , Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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16
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Fabre B, Ramos A, de Pascual-Teresa B. Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinases: Exploring the Dynamics of the S1′ Pocket in the Design of Selective, Small Molecule Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; 57:10205-19. [DOI: 10.1021/jm500505f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Fabre
- Departamento de Química
y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Urbanización Monteprincipe, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramos
- Departamento de Química
y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Urbanización Monteprincipe, 28668 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Química
y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Urbanización Monteprincipe, 28668 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Li NG, Tang YP, Duan JA, Shi ZH. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: a patent review (2011 – 2013). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 24:1039-52. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.937424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Kalva S, Saranyah K, Suganya PR, Nisha M, Saleena LM. Potent inhibitors precise to S1' loop of MMP-13, a crucial target for osteoarthritis. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 44:297-310. [PMID: 23938376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is the primary MMP involved in cartilage degradation through its particular ability to cleave type-II collagen. This protein is expressed by chondrocytes and synovial cells in human osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis; hence, it is an attractive target for the treatment of arthritic diseases. Currently available inhibitors lack specificity for metalloproteinase because of a common Zn binding site in MMPs; thus, there is a need to identify selective MMP-13 inhibitors for osteoarthritis therapy. Because selectivity is the major concern, both ligand-based and protein-based pharmacophore methodologies were used to identity potent and selective MMP-13 inhibitors. Different hypotheses were validated, and the best hypothesis was used to screen Zinc (natural and chemical) databases to seek novel scaffolds as MMP-13 inhibitors. The identified hits were validated using different strategies, such as Glide Standard precision, extra precision, E-model energies and receiver operating curve (ROC). In addition, potent inhibitors were selected based on two criteria: a similar binding mode as that of the active site PB3 crystal ligand and crucial amino acid interactions that are catalytically important for the function of MMP-13. The candidate potent inhibitors ZINC 02535232, ZINC 08399795, ZINC 12419118 and ZINC 00624580 nearly reproduced the H-bond interactions formed in the crystal structure of 1XUC with reasonable RMSD values exhibiting a novel interaction pattern that was not previously observed in MMP-13 inhibitors. The identified potent hits with diverse chemical scaffolds may be useful in designing new MMP-13 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukesh Kalva
- Department of Bioinformatics, SRM University, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District, Chennai 603203, India
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19
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Li NG, Tang YP, Duan JA. New selective inhibitors of MMP-13 for inflammatory diseases: a patent evaluation (W02012151158). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:669-75. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.779254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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Iyer RP, Patterson NL, Fields GB, Lindsey ML. The history of matrix metalloproteinases: milestones, myths, and misperceptions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 303:H919-30. [PMID: 22904159 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00577.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of tadpole collagenase in 1962, the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family has emerged as a significant proteinase group with recognized effects on the cardiovascular system. Over the last 40 years, many milestones have been achieved, from the identification of the first MMP, to the generation of the first MMP cDNA clone and null mouse, to the clinical approval of the first MMP inhibitor. Over the years, a few myths and misunderstandings have interwoven into the truths. In this review, we will discuss the major milestones of MMP research, as well as review the misinterpretations and misperceptions that have evolved. Clarifying the confusions and dispelling the myths will both provide a better understanding of MMP properties and functions and focus the cardiovascular field on the outstanding research questions that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rugmani Padmanabhan Iyer
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78245, USA
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21
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Devel L, Beau F, Amoura M, Vera L, Cassar-Lajeunesse E, Garcia S, Czarny B, Stura EA, Dive V. Simple pseudo-dipeptides with a P2' glutamate: a novel inhibitor family of matrix metalloproteases and other metzincins. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:26647-56. [PMID: 22689580 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.380782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of pseudo-peptides with general formula X-l-Glu-NH(2) (with X corresponding to an acyl moiety with a long aryl-alkyl side chain) have been synthesized, evaluated as inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), and found to display remarkable nanomolar affinity. The loss in potency associated with a substitution of the P(2)' l-glutamate by a l-glutamine corroborates the importance of a carboxylate at this position. The binding mode of some of these inhibitors was characterized in solution and by x-ray crystallography in complex with various MMPs. The x-ray crystal structures reveal an unusual binding mode with the glutamate side chain chelating the active site zinc ion. Competition experiments between these inhibitors and acetohydroxamic acid, a small zinc-binding molecule, are in accord with the crystallographic results. One of these pseudo-dipeptides displays potency and selectivity toward MMP-12 similar to the best MMP-12 inhibitors reported to date. This novel family of pseudo peptides opens new opportunities to develop potent and selective inhibitors for several metzincins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Devel
- CEA (Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique), iBiTec-S, Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire de Protéines (SIMOPRO), CE Saclay, 91191 Gif/Yvette, Cedex, France.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- David J St Jean
- Department of Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen, Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA
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23
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Gege C, Bao B, Bluhm H, Boer J, Gallagher BM, Korniski B, Powers TS, Steeneck C, Taveras AG, Baragi VM. Discovery and evaluation of a non-Zn chelating, selective matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) inhibitor for potential intra-articular treatment of osteoarthritis. J Med Chem 2012; 55:709-16. [PMID: 22175799 DOI: 10.1021/jm201152u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a nonsystemic disease for which no oral or parenteral disease-modifying osteoarthritic drug (DMOAD) is currently available. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) has attracted attention as a target with disease-modifying potential because of its major role in tissue destruction associated with OA. Being localized to one or a few joints, OA is amenable to intra-articular (IA) therapy, which has distinct advantages over oral therapies in terms of increasing therapeutic index, by maximizing drug delivery to cartilage and minimizing systemic exposure. Here we report on the synthesis and biological evaluation of a non-zinc binding MMP-13 selective inhibitor, 4-methyl-1-(S)-({5-[(3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-ylmethyl)carbamoyl]pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-7-carbonyl}amino)indan-5-carboxylic acid (1), that is uniquely suited as a potential IA-DMOAD: it has long durability in the joint, penetrates cartilage effectively, exhibits nearly no detectable systemic exposure, and has remarkable efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Gege
- Alantos Pharmaceuticals AG, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Taylor SJ, Abeywardane A, Liang S, Muegge I, Padyana AK, Xiong Z, Hill-Drzewi M, Farmer B, Li X, Collins B, Li JX, Heim-Riether A, Proudfoot J, Zhang Q, Goldberg D, Zuvela-Jelaska L, Zaher H, Li J, Farrow NA. Fragment-based discovery of indole inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase-13. J Med Chem 2011; 54:8174-87. [PMID: 22017539 DOI: 10.1021/jm201129m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play an important role in cartilage homeostasis under both normal and inflamed disease states and, thus, have become attractive targets for the treatment of arthritic diseases. Herein, we describe the identification of a potent, selective MMP-13 inhibitor, developed using fragment-based structure-guided lead identification and optimization techniques. Virtual screening methods identified a novel, indole-based MMP-13 inhibitor that bound into the S1' pocket of the protein exhibiting a novel interaction pattern hitherto not observed in MMP-13 inhibitors. X-ray crystallographic structures were used to guide the elaboration of the fragment, ultimately leading to a potent inhibitor that was >100-fold selective over nine other MMP isoforms tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Taylor
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877-0368, United States.
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25
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Roth J, Minond D, Darout E, Liu Q, Lauer J, Hodder P, Fields GB, Roush WR. Identification of novel, exosite-binding matrix metalloproteinase-13 inhibitor scaffolds. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:7180-4. [PMID: 22018790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) has been implicated as the protease responsible for collagen degradation in cartilage during osteoarthritis (OA). Compounds that inhibit the metalloproteinase at the Zn binding site typically lack specificity among MMP family members. Analogs of the low-micromolar lead MMP-13 inhibitor 4, discovered through high-throughput screening, were synthesized to investigate structure-activity relationships in this inhibitor series. Systematic modifications of 4 led to the discovery of MMP-13 inhibitors 20 and 24 which are more selective than 4 against other MMPs. Compound 20 is also approximately fivefold more potent as an MMP-13 inhibitor than the original HTS-derived lead compound 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Roth
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, FL 33458, United States
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