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Čubiňák M, Edlová T, Polák P, Tobrman T. Indolylboronic Acids: Preparation and Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:E3523. [PMID: 31569441 PMCID: PMC6803883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole derivatives are associated with a variety of both biological activities and applications in the field of material chemistry. A number of different strategies for synthesizing substituted indoles by means of the reactions of indolylboronic acids with electrophilic compounds are considered the methods of choice for modifying indoles because indolylboronic acids are easily available, stable, non-toxic and new reactions using indolylboronic acids have been described in the literature. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarize the methods available for the preparation of indolylboronic acids as well as their chemical transformations. The review covers the period 2010-2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Čubiňák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Tereza Edlová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Peter Polák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Tobrman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Kumari A, Singh RK. Medicinal chemistry of indole derivatives: Current to future therapeutic prospectives. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:103021. [PMID: 31176854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Indole is a versatile pharmacophore, a privileged scaffold and an outstanding heterocyclic compound with wide ranges of pharmacological activities due to different mechanisms of action. It is an superlative moiety in drug discovery with the sole property of resembling different structures of the protein. Plenty of research has been taking place in recent years to synthesize and explore the various therapeutic prospectives of this moiety. This review summarizes some of the recent effective chemical synthesis (2014-2018) for indole ring. This review also emphasized on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) to reveal the active pharmacophores of various indole analogues accountable for anticancer, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, antitubercular, antimalarial, antiviral, antidiabetic and other miscellaneous activities which have been investigated in the last five years. The precise features with motives and framework of each research topic is introduced for helping the medicinal chemists to understand the perspective of the context in a better way. This review will definitely offer the platform for researchers to strategically design diverse novel indole derivatives having different promising pharmacological activities with reduced toxicity and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Kumari
- Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Dist. Hoshiarpur, 146104 Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shivalik College of Pharmacy, Nangal, Dist. Rupnagar, 140126 Punjab, India.
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Shalaby EM, Srour AM, Panda SS, George RF, Fitch AN, Girgis AS. Synthesis, X-ray powder diffraction and DFT-D studies of indole-based compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2017-2106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Four indole-based compounds have been synthesized and their crystal structures determined using high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. In vacuo density function theory (DFT) optimization has been used in building initial molecular models for structure solution with the help of the Cambridge structure database. All four compounds were found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c. Dispersion-corrected DFT (DFT-D) has been used for experimental crystal structure validation with acceptable agreement found between the DFT-optimized and final refined structures. Three of the compounds exhibit bronchodilation properties with potency comparable to the theophylline (standard reference).
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Affiliation(s)
- ElSayed M. Shalaby
- X-Ray Crystallography Lab., Physics Division, National Research Centre , Dokki, Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Aladdin M. Srour
- Therapeutical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki, Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry and Physics , Augusta University , Augusta, GA 30912 , USA
| | - Riham F. George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Andrew N. Fitch
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , CS40220 , 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Adel S. Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki, Giza 12622 , Egypt
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Qiu Z, Li JS, Li CJ. Formal aromaticity transfer for palladium-catalyzed coupling between phenols and pyrrolidines/indolines. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6954-6958. [PMID: 29147521 PMCID: PMC5642148 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein describe a palladium-catalyzed formal aromaticity transfer coupling reaction between phenols and pyrrolidines or indolines to generate the corresponding N-cyclohexyl pyrroles or indoles. In this transformation, the aromaticity of phenols is formally passed on to the pyrrolidine or indoline units. Substituted phenols thus can serve as latent cyclohexyl equivalents for the fast construction of various N-cyclohexyl pyrroles and indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry , FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke St. W. , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada .
| | - Jiang-Sheng Li
- Department of Chemistry , FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke St. W. , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada .
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering , Changsha University of Science & Technology , Changsha 410114 , China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry , FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke St. W. , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0B8 , Canada .
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PTC725, an NS4B-Targeting Compound, Inhibits a Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3 Replicon, as Predicted by Genome Sequence Analysis and Determined Experimentally. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:7060-7066. [PMID: 27620477 PMCID: PMC5118984 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01272-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PTC725 is a small molecule NS4B-targeting inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (gt) 1 RNA replication that lacks activity against HCV gt2. We analyzed the Los Alamos HCV sequence database to predict susceptible/resistant HCV gt's according to the prevalence of known resistance-conferring amino acids in the NS4B protein. Our analysis predicted that HCV gt3 would be highly susceptible to the activity of PTC725. Indeed, PTC725 was shown to be active against a gt3 subgenomic replicon with a 50% effective concentration of ∼5 nM. De novo resistance selection identified mutations encoding amino acid substitutions mapping to the first predicted transmembrane region of NS4B, a finding consistent with results for PTC725 and other NS4B-targeting compounds against HCV gt1. This is the first report of the activity of an NS4B targeting compound against HCV gt3. In addition, we have identified previously unreported amino acid substitutions selected by PTC725 treatment which further demonstrate that these compounds target the NS4B first transmembrane region.
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Wahyuni TS, Utsubo CA, Hotta H. Promising Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Compounds from Natural Resources. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major worldwide problem, which involves approximately 170 million people. High morbidity of patients is caused by chronic infection, which leads to liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and other HCV-related diseases. The sustained virological response (SVR) has been markedly improved to be >90% by the current standard interferon (IFN)-free treatment regimens with a combination of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) targeting the viral NS3 protease, NS5A multi-function protein and NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, compared with 50–70% of SVR rates achieved by the previous standard IFN-based treatment regimens with or without an NS3 protease inhibitor. However, the emergence of DAA-resistant HCV strains and the limited access to the DAAs due to their high cost could be major concerns. Also, the long-term prognosis of patients treated with DAAs, such as the possible development of hepatocellular carcinoma, still needs to be further evaluated. Natural resources are considered to be good candidates to develop anti-HCV agents. Here, we summarize anti-HCV compounds obtained from natural resources, including medicinal plant extracts, their isolated compounds and some of their derivatives that possess high antiviral potency against HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tutik Sri Wahyuni
- Division of Microbiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Chie Aoki Utsubo
- Department of International Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Hak Hotta
- Division of Microbiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Department of Oral Vaccine and Drug Development, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-5-6 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chou-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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The discovery of indole derivatives as novel hepatitis C virus inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 116:147-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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