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Zhou X. Recent advances of tryptanthrin and its derivatives as potential anticancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1127-1147. [PMID: 38665827 PMCID: PMC11042161 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00698k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptanthrin is one of the well-known natural alkaloids with a broad spectrum of biological activities and can act as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antitubercular, and other agents. Owing to its potent anticancer activity, tryptanthrin has been widely explored for the therapy of various cancers besides being effective against other diseases. Tryptanthrin with a pharmacological indoloquinazoline moiety can not only be modified by different functional groups to achieve various tryptanthrin derivatives, which may realize the improvement of anticancer activity, but also bind with different metal ions to obtain varied tryptanthrin metal complexes as potential anticancer agents, due to their higher anticancer activities in comparison with tryptanthrin (or its derivatives) and cisplatin. This review outlines the recent advances in the syntheses, structures, and anticancer activities of tryptanthrin derivatives and their metal complexes, trying to reveal their structure-activity relationships and to provide a helpful way for medicinal chemists in the development of new and effective tryptanthrin-based anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhou
- Second Clinical Medicine College of Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
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2
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Iqbal S, Farhanaz, Roohi, Zaheer MR, Shankar K, Hussain MK, Zia Q, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Gupta A. Visible-light promoted catalyst-free (VLCF) multi-component synthesis of spiro indolo-quinazolinone-pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine hybrids: evaluation of in vitro anticancer activity, molecular docking, MD simulation and DFT studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3145-3165. [PMID: 37227775 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new and highly efficient visible-light-promoted catalyst free (VLCF) strategy for neat and clean synthesis of spiro indolo-quinazolinone-pyrrolo[3,4-a]pyrrolizine hybrids (6a-d) has been introduced. We have performed visible-light triggered 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of maleimide (5a-d) with azomethine ylide generated in situ derived from tryptanthrin (3) and L-proline (4) to obtain desired products (6a-d) in good to excellent yield. Authentication and characterization of product was done using various spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectrometry and single crystal XRD analysis. To explain the reaction spontaneity, product stability, reactivity as well as possible mode of the interaction a quantum chemical investigation was performed and depicted through DFT studies. The synthesized compound 6a was also evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against a panel of five cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, PC-3 and Ishikawa) and normal human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell line by using MTT assay. Compound 6a showed very good in vitro anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 6.58-17.98 μM) against four cancer cell lines and no cytotoxicity against normal HEK-293. In order to evaluate the anticancer potential of compounds 6a-d, molecular docking was performed against wild type and mutant EGFR. The results suggest that all the compounds occupied the active site of both enzymes, with a strong binding energy (-10.2 to -11.5 kcal/mol). These results have been confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation by evaluating root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), along with principal component analysis (PCA).Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Farhanaz
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Roohi
- Protein Research Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Rehan Zaheer
- Department of Chemistry, R.M.P.S.P. Girls Post Graduate College, Basti, India
| | - Krapa Shankar
- Sun Pharmaceutical industries Ltd, Sarhaul, Sector 18, Gurgaon, India
| | | | - Qamar Zia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Tabish Rehman
- Department of pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F AlAjmi
- Department of pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Ethyl 5-Oxo-5-(((12-oxoindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ylidene)amino)oxy)pentanoate. MOLBANK 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/m1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione (tryptanthrin) derivatives present important types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds which are useful intermediate products in organic synthesis and have potential pharmaceutical applications. The new ethyl 5-oxo-5-(((12-oxoindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ylidene)amino)oxy)pentanoate (Compound 2) was synthesized. Compound 2 is the first example of a tryptanthrin derivative containing a dicarboxylic acid residue in the side chain. The Z,E-isomerism of Compound 2 was investigated by DFT calculations. Bioavailability was evaluated in silico using ADME predictions. According to the ADME results, Compound 2 is potentially highly bioavailable and has the prospective to be used as the main component for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Nofal ZM, Amin KM, Mohamed HS, El-Kerdawy AM, Aly MS, Habib BS, Sarhan AE. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of novel quinazolinone EGFR inhibitors as targeted anticancer agents. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2022.2114373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zinab M. Nofal
- The Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kamelia M. Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa S. Mohamed
- The Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. El-Kerdawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magdy S. Aly
- Genetics Branch, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Basma S. Habib
- The Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaadin E. Sarhan
- The Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Palabindela R, Guda R, Ramesh G, Myadaraveni P, Banothu D, Ravi G, Korra R, Mekala H, Kasula M. Novel tryptanthrin hybrids bearing aminothiazoles as potential
EGFR
inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological screening, molecular docking studies and
ADME
/T Predictions. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramu Guda
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM) University of Hyderabad Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Gondru Ramesh
- Environmental Monitoring & Exposure Assessment (Air) Laboratory ICMR−NIREH Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | | | - Devendar Banothu
- Department of Chemistry Kakatiya University Warangal Telangana India
| | - Gangalla Ravi
- Department of Microbiology Kakatiya University Warangal Telangana India
| | - Rajashekar Korra
- Department of Chemistry Kakatiya University Warangal Telangana India
| | - Himabindu Mekala
- Department of Chemistry Kakatiya University Warangal Telangana India
| | - Mamatha Kasula
- Department of Chemistry Kakatiya University Warangal Telangana India
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Pineiro M, Brandão P, Burke AJ. Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives in Drug Discovery: Synthetic Insights. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTryptanthrin is a golden-yellow, naturally occurring alkaloid that can be obtained from multiple sources and through different synthetic methodologies. This tetracyclic compound displays several relevant biological activities. The potential of this tetracyclic alkaloid has been widely explored, and several researchers have focused their attention on expanding the variety of tryptanthrin derivatives by using a range of synthetic strategies. In this short review, we aim to address recent developments in the synthesis of the tryptanthrin core, as well as the development of new strategies employed by synthetic organic chemists to obtain novel tryptanthrin derivatives with potential biological activity, using different tools from the chemists’ toolbox, such as photocatalysis, solvent-free approaches, and multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Brandão
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora
| | - Anthony J. Burke
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Évora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Évora
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Teja C, Ramanathan K, Naresh K, Vidya R, Gomathi K, Nawaz FR. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Tryptanthrin Alkaloids as Potential anti-Diabetic and Anticancer Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2021257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chitrala Teja
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Karuppasamy Ramanathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Kondapalli Naresh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - R. Vidya
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - K. Gomathi
- Dr. MGR Educational Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Fazlur Rahman Nawaz
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Allam HA, Aly EE, Farouk AK, El Kerdawy AM, Rashwan E, Abbass SE. Design and Synthesis of some new 2,4,6-trisubstituted quinazoline EGFR inhibitors as targeted anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Yavari I, Askarian-Amiri M, Taheri Z. A convenient synthesis of spiroindolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,2′-[1,3,4]oxadiazoles from tryptanthrin and nitrile imines. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-019-2367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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