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Kim HS, Lee CM, Yun YH, Kim YS, Yoon SD. Synthesis and drug release properties of melanin added functional allopurinol incorporated starch-based biomaterials. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1477-1485. [PMID: 35469944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to prepare functional allopurinol (ALP) incorporated biomaterials using mungbean starch, polyvinyl alcohol, melanin (MEL), and plasticizers. Prepared biomaterials were characterized by FE-SEM and FT-IR analysis. Photothermal conversion efficiencies and ALP release properties of biomaterials were evaluated with NIR laser irradiation. When biomaterials were irradiated with the NIR laser, temperatures increase of MEL-added biomaterials were higher than those of MEL-non-added biomaterials. After NIR laser irradiation, ALP release rates of MEL-added biomaterials were 1.62 times faster than those of MEL-non-added biomaterials. In addition, ALP release using an artificial skin was increased by NIR laser irradiation. ALP release from biomaterials followed Fickian diffusion mechanism, while ALP release using an artificial skin followed a non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory (%) for MEL-added biomaterials with/without the addition of GL and XL were 47.5%, 61.7%, and 65.1%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Seong Kim
- Department of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Jeonnam 59626, South Korea
| | - Chang-Moon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeonnam 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hum Yun
- Department of Energy & Resources Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sop Kim
- Department of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Jeonnam 59626, South Korea.
| | - Soon-Do Yoon
- Department of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Jeonnam 59626, South Korea.
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2
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Lapinski L, Rostkowska H, Nowak MJ. Distinct class of photoinduced hydrogen-atom-transfer processes: phototautomerizations in molecules with no intramolecular hydrogen bond in the structure. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2022.2030613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Lapinski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Rostkowska
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej J. Nowak
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Kim HS, Yun YH, Shim WG, Yoon SD. Preparation and evaluation of functional allopurinol imprinted starch based biomaterials for transdermal drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:217-228. [PMID: 33548320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study focuses on the synthesis of functional allopurinol (ALP) imprinted biomaterials for a transdermal drug delivery using mung bean starch (MBS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium benzoate (SB) as a crosslinking agent, and poloxamer (PX) as a thermo-sensitive polymer. Prepared functional biomaterials were characterized and evaluated by SEM, FT-IR analysis, and physical properties. Results of ALP recognition properties indicated that adsorbed amounts (Q) of ALP on functional ALP imprinted biomaterials were 3.8 to 4.9-fold higher than that of non-ALP imprinted biomaterial. Results of ALP release revealed that the ALP release rate for PX added biomaterials was 1.10 (36.5 °C) or 1.30 (45 °C) times faster than that at 25 °C. These results indicate that functional ALP imprinted biomaterials have thermo-sensitive properties due to the addition of PX. Results of ALP release using artificial skin indicated that ALP release was increased at a relatively steady-state rate for 3 h and that the ALP release behavior followed the non-Fickian diffusion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Seong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hum Yun
- Geoconvergence Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Wang-Geun Shim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do 57922, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon-Do Yoon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of Korea.
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Nowak MJ, Reva I, Lopes Jesus AJ, Lapinski L, Fausto R. UV-promoted radical formation, and near-IR-induced and spontaneous conformational isomerization in monomeric 9-methylguanine isolated in low-temperature Ar matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22857-22868. [PMID: 31599896 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04487f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three low-energy isomers of 9-methylguanine, the amino-oxo (AO) form and two amino-hydroxy (AH1 and AH2) conformers, were trapped from the gas phase into low-temperature argon matrices. The AH1 and AH2 isomers, differing in the orientation of the OH group, were found to transform into each other upon excitation with near-IR light. The population of the AO form of the compound was not changed upon any near-IR irradiation of the matrix samples. Using monochromatic near-IR light, generated by a frequency-tunable laser source, it was possible to selectively induce the AH1 → AH2 or AH2 → AH1 conversion. Photoreversibility of this conformational transformation was then demonstrated. Exposure of matrix-isolated monomers of 9-methylguanine to broadband near-IR light also led to conformational conversions within the amino-hydroxy tautomeric form; the final stage of this process was always the same photostationary state independent of the initial ratio of AH1 and AH2 populations. Spontaneous conformational conversion, transforming the higher-energy AH2 form into the lower-energy AH1 isomer, was observed for matrix-isolated monomers of 9-methylguanine kept in the dark. The mechanism of this process must rely on quantum tunneling of the light hydrogen atom. Irradiation of matrix-isolated 9-methylguanine with UV laser light at λ = 288 or 285 nm led to a substantial consumption of the two AH forms, while the amount of AO isomer remained unchanged. On the other hand, a decrease in the population of the AO isomer occurred upon excitations at shorter wavelengths, λ = 280 or 275 nm. The spectral changes observed after UV-irradiation suggest the generation (and stabilization in the matrix) of a radical species, resulting from the photocleavage of the O-H or N1-H bonds, in the AH or AO isomer, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej J Nowak
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.
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Lapinski L, Nowak MJ, Rostkowska H. Solid H2versus solid noble-gas environment: Influence on photoinduced hydrogen-atom transfer in matrix-isolated 4(3H)-pyrimidinone. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4977604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Nowak MJ, Reva I, Rostkowska H, Lapinski L. UV-induced hydrogen-atom transfer and hydrogen-atom detachment in monomeric 7-azaindole isolated in Ar and n-H2 matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11447-11454. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Upon UV excitation, the N1H form of 7-azaindole isolated in an Ar matrix transforms into N7H, C3H tautomers and the 7-azaindolyl radical; whereas only C3H and 7-azaindolyl radical products are photogenerated in solid H2 environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej J. Nowak
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Igor Reva
- CQC
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Coimbra
- 3004-535 Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - Hanna Rostkowska
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Leszek Lapinski
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
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Guo X, Yuan H, Zhu Q, An B, Zhang J. Ab initioinsights on photophysics of 9-methylhypoxanthine. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1164348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Simulation of the solid state and the first and second hydration shell of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol: Structures obtained using DFT and MP2 methods. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mirzaei S, Taherpour AA, Mohamadi S. Mechanistic study of allopurinol oxidation using aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase and cytochrome P450 enzymes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidation reaction of allopurinol to its active metabolite (oxypurinol) is investigated using the AO and P450 enzymes. To the contrary of AO (and XO), the P450 enzyme can metabolize the allopurinol with a not self-inhibitory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Mirzaei
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Razi University
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| | - Avat Arman Taherpour
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Razi University
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| | - Shahryar Mohamadi
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Razi University
- Kermanshah
- Iran
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Guo X, Zhao Y, Cao Z. Ab Initio Study on Ultrafast Excited-State Decay of Allopurinol Keto-N9H Tautomer from Gas Phase to Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:9013-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xugeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory for
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Lab
of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, No. 422, South Siming Road, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Lab
of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, No. 422, South Siming Road, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory for
Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Lab
of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, No. 422, South Siming Road, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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Abstract
Allopurinol vapour is studied with density functional theory. Using the best method from past experience for each property, we predict the equilibrium geometry, vibrational spectrum, dipole moment, average dipole polarizability, UV absorption spectrum, vertical ionization energies of valence electrons, and core-electron binding energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delano P. Chong
- Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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12
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Tautomeric transitions of isocytosine isolated in argon and neon matrices induced by UV irradiation. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chmura B, Rode MF, Sobolewski AL, Lapinski L, Nowak MJ. A computational study on the mechanism of intramolecular oxo-hydroxy phototautomerism driven by repulsive pi sigma* state. J Phys Chem A 2009; 112:13655-61. [PMID: 19061324 DOI: 10.1021/jp8070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Potential energy (PE) surfaces of the lowest excited states of the 4(3H)-pyrimidinone/4-hydroxypyrimidine system were investigated with the aid of the CC2 and CASSCF methods of the electronic structure theory. These studies resulted in identification of a low-lying pi sigma* state, which is dissociative with respect to the stretching of the N-H or O-H bonds in the oxo and hydroxy structures of the compound, respectively. After initial excitation to the lowest local n pi* and/or pi pi* singlet states, the system can access the PE surface of the pi sigma* state by crossing a low barrier. It was computationally demonstrated that the system should evolve on the PE surface of the repulsive pi sigma* state toward a broad seam of intersection with the PE surface of the ground state. At the intersection, the nonadiabatic transition to the ground electronic state takes place and the system can either evolve to a minimum of the initially excited tautomer or to the ground-state minimum of the other tautomer. The steps listed above provide a mechanism of photoinduced dissociation-association (PIDA) phototautomerism, experimentally observed for a number of monomeric molecules, structurally similar to 4(3H)-pyrimidinone/4-hydroxypyrimidine. This mechanism describes a new class of intramolecular phototautomeric reactions driven by a repulsive pi sigma* state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Chmura
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Gerega A, Lapinski L, Nowak MJ, Furmanchuk A, Leszczynski J. Systematic Effect of Benzo-Annelation on Oxo−Hydroxy Tautomerism of Heterocyclic Compounds. Experimental Matrix-Isolation and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:4934-43. [PMID: 17511432 DOI: 10.1021/jp070408j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxo-hydroxy tautomerism and phototautomerism of 2-quinolinone, 1-isoquinolinone, 3-hydroxyisoquinoline, 2-quinoxalinone, and 4-quinazolinone were studied using the matrix-isolation technique. These compounds contain a benzene ring fused with a heterocyclic ring of 2-pyridinone, 2-pyrazinone, or 4-pyrimidinone. It turned out that direct attachment of a benzene ring to a heterocycle leads to a very pronounced increase of the relative stability of oxo tautomers (in comparison with the tautomerism of the parent compounds 2-pyridinone, 2-pyrazinone, and 4-pyrimidinone). The only exception concerns 3-hydroxyisoquinoline, where fusion with a benzene ring enforces rearrangement of the double- and single-bond system in the oxo tautomer. This destabilizes substantially the oxo form with respect to the hydroxy tautomer. The ratios of population of the oxo and hydroxy tautomers observed in Ar matrixes correspond to the tautomeric equilibria of the compounds in the gas phase. These equilibria were well reproduced by theoretical calculations carried out at the QCISD and QCISD(T) levels. The combined experimental and theoretical results reveal links between aromaticity and tautomerism. Moreover, a UV-induced phototautomeric reaction transforming the oxo forms into the hydroxy tautomers was observed for all (except 3-hydroxyisoquinoline) studied compounds. This photoeffect allowed separation of the IR spectra of the tautomers in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gerega
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
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Gerega A, Lapinski L, Nowak MJ, Rostkowska H. UV-Induced Oxo → Hydroxy Unimolecular Proton-Transfer Reactions in Hypoxanthine. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:10236-44. [PMID: 16928113 DOI: 10.1021/jp063533o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Monomers of hypoxanthine isolated in low-temperature Ar matrixes were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Two most stable tautomeric forms of hypoxanthine: oxo-N(9)-H and oxo-N(7)-H as well as a very small amount of the minor hydroxy-N(9)-H tautomer were observed in Ar matrixes directly after their deposition. UV irradiation of the matrixes induced conversion of the oxo-N(9)-H and oxo-N(7)-H tautomers of the compound into the hydroxy-N(9)-H and hydroxy-N(7)-H forms, respectively. Upon exposure of the matrixes to the UV (lambda > 270 nm) light, the oxo-N(9)-H --> hydroxy-N(9)-H phototautomeric reaction dominated strongly over the oxo-N(7)-H --> hydroxy-N(7)-H phototransformation. The latter phototautomeric reaction occurred effectively when matrix-isolated hypoxanthine was irradiated with shorter-wavelength (lambda > 230 nm) UV light. Thanks to this wavelength dependency, it was possible to clearly distinguish the oxo --> hydroxy photoreaction within the N(9)-H tautomers from the analogous phototautomeric process within the N(7)-H tautomers. All of the observed isomers of hypoxanthine (substrates and products of the photoreactions) were identified by comparison of their IR spectra with the spectra calculated at the DFT(B3LYP)/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gerega
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
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