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Lerosier B, Simon G, Takerkart S, Auzias G, Dollfus S. Sulcal pits of the superior temporal sulcus in schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations. AIMS Neurosci 2024; 11:25-38. [PMID: 38617038 PMCID: PMC11007407 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2024002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are among the most common and disabling symptoms of schizophrenia. They involve the superior temporal sulcus (STS), which is associated with language processing; specific STS patterns may reflect vulnerability to auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. STS sulcal pits are the deepest points of the folds in this region and were investigated here as an anatomical landmark of AVHs. This study included 53 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and past or present AVHs, as well as 100 healthy control volunteers. All participants underwent a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging T1 brain scan, and sulcal pit differences were compared between the two groups. Compared with controls, patients with AVHs had a significantly different distributions for the number of sulcal pits in the left STS, indicating a less complex morphological pattern. The association of STS sulcal morphology with AVH suggests an early neurodevelopmental process in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia with AVHs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregory Simon
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sylvain Takerkart
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Auzias
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, EA 7466, 14000 Caen, France
- CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, 14000 Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR santé, 14000 Caen, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU-AMP), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR santé, 14000 Caen, France
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2
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Hastings WL, Willbrand EH, Elliott MV, Johnson SL, Weiner KS. Emotion-related impulsivity is related to orbitofrontal cortical sulcation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.14.574481. [PMID: 38293163 PMCID: PMC10827079 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.14.574481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Background Emotion-related impulsivity (ERI) describes the trait-like tendency toward poor self-control when experiencing strong emotions. ERI has been shown to be elevated across psychiatric disorders and predictive of the onset and worsening of psychiatric syndromes. Recent work has correlated ERI scores with the neuroanatomy of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Informed by a growing body of research indicating that the morphology of cortical folds (sulci) can produce insights into behavioral outcomes, the present study modeled the association between ERI and the sulcal morphology of OFC at a finer scale than previously conducted. Methods Analyses were conducted in a transdiagnostic sample of 118 individuals with a broad range of psychiatric syndromes. We first manually defined over 2000 sulci across the 118 participants. We then implemented a model-based LASSO regression to relate OFC sulcal morphology to ERI and test whether effects were specific to ERI as compared to non-emotion-related impulsivity. Results The LASSO regression revealed bilateral associations of ERI with the depth of eight OFC sulci. These effects were specific to ERI and were not observed in non-emotion-related impulsivity. In addition, we identified a new transverse component of the olfactory sulcus in every hemisphere that is dissociable from the longitudinal component based on anatomical features and correlation with behavior, which could serve as a new transdiagnostic biomarker. Conclusions The results of this data-driven investigation provide greater neuroanatomical and neurodevelopmental specificity on how OFC is related to ERI. As such, findings link neuroanatomical characteristics to a trait that is highly predictive of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L. Hastings
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, US
| | - Ethan H. Willbrand
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Matthew V. Elliott
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, US
| | - Sheri L. Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, US
| | - Kevin S. Weiner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, US
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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3
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Nowinski WL. On presentation of the human cerebral sulci from inside of the cerebrum. J Anat 2023; 243:690-696. [PMID: 37218094 PMCID: PMC10485573 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The human cerebral cortex is highly convoluted forming patterns of gyri separated by sulci. The cerebral sulci and gyri are fundamental in cortical anatomy as well as neuroimage processing and analysis. Narrow and deep cerebral sulci are not fully discernible either on the cortical or white matter surface. To cope with this limitation, I propose a new sulci presentation method that employs the inner cortical surface for sulci examination from the inside of the cerebrum. The method has four steps, construct the cortical surface, segment and label the sulci, dissect (open) the cortical surface, and explore the fully exposed sulci from the inside. The inside sulcal maps are created for the left and right lateral, left and right medial, and basal hemispheric surfaces with the sulci parcellated by color and labeled. These three-dimensional sulcal maps presented here are probably the first of this kind created. The proposed method demonstrates the full course and depths of sulci, including narrow, deep, and/or convoluted sulci, which has an educational value and facilitates their quantification. In particular, it provides a straightforward identification of sulcal pits which are valuable markers in studying neurologic disorders. It enhances the visibility of sulci variations by exposing branches, segments, and inter-sulcal continuity. The inside view also clearly demonstrates the sulcal wall skewness along with its variability and enables its assessment. Lastly, this method exposes the sulcal 3-hinges introduced here.
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Arutiunian V, Gomozova M, Minnigulova A, Davydova E, Pereverzeva D, Sorokin A, Tyushkevich S, Mamokhina U, Danilina K, Dragoy O. Structural brain abnormalities and their association with language impairment in school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1172. [PMID: 36670149 PMCID: PMC9860052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Language impairment is comorbid in most children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) but its neural basis is poorly understood. Using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the present study provides the whole-brain comparison of both volume- and surface-based characteristics between groups of children with and without ASD and investigates the relationships between these characteristics in language-related areas and the language abilities of children with ASD measured with standardized tools. A total of 36 school-aged children participated in the study: 18 children with ASD and 18 age- and sex-matched typically developing controls. The results revealed that multiple regions differed between groups of children in gray matter volume, gray matter thickness, gyrification, and cortical complexity (fractal dimension). White matter volume and sulcus depth did not differ between groups of children in any region. Importantly, gray matter thickness and gyrification of language-related areas were related to language functioning in children with ASD. Thus, the results of the present study shed some light on the structural brain abnormalities associated with language impairment in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vardan Arutiunian
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1920 Terry Ave., Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
| | | | | | - Elizaveta Davydova
- Federal Resource Center for ASD, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia.,Chair of Differential Psychology and Psychophysiology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Darya Pereverzeva
- Federal Resource Center for ASD, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Sorokin
- Federal Resource Center for ASD, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia.,Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Svetlana Tyushkevich
- Federal Resource Center for ASD, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Uliana Mamokhina
- Federal Resource Center for ASD, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamilla Danilina
- Federal Resource Center for ASD, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Dragoy
- Center for Language and Brain, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Voorhies WI, Miller JA, Yao JK, Bunge SA, Weiner KS. Cognitive insights from tertiary sulci in prefrontal cortex. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5122. [PMID: 34433806 PMCID: PMC8387420 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is disproportionately expanded in humans compared to non-human primates, although the relationship between LPFC brain structures and uniquely human cognitive skills is largely unknown. Here, we test the relationship between variability in LPFC tertiary sulcal morphology and reasoning scores in a cohort of children and adolescents. Using a data-driven approach in independent discovery and replication samples, we show that the depth of specific LPFC tertiary sulci is associated with individual differences in reasoning scores beyond age. To expedite discoveries in future neuroanatomical-behavioral studies, we share tertiary sulcal definitions with the field. These findings support a classic but largely untested theory linking the protracted development of tertiary sulci to late-developing cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willa I Voorhies
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Jacob A Miller
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jewelia K Yao
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Silvia A Bunge
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kevin S Weiner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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6
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Muratori F, Calderoni S, Bizzari V. George Frankl: an undervalued voice in the history of autism. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:1273-1280. [PMID: 32856132 PMCID: PMC8310833 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01622-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to propose that the psychiatrist George Frankl had more than a marginal role in the early history of autism. Frankl's conception of autism as characterized by a lack of affective language has influenced both Asperger and Kanner. First, this proposal is historically supported; second it is corroborated by Frankl's unpublished manuscript on Autism. We found that Frankl's perspective about autism was, and still can be, considered innovative for multiple reasons. Specifically, Frankl proposed that autism could cover a spectrum of conditions; that it is a state of mind that is not necessarily abnormal; and that it is a neurobiological condition, which primarily needs to be understood by others. Finally, Frankl's concepts of affective contact and affective language are reconsidered with reference to contemporary neuropsychology from which autism emerges not as a higher-order cognitive deficit, but as a result of an impairment of primordial ability to process low level sensory, motor and perceptual information gained through experiencing other persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Valeria Bizzari
- Center of Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Clinic University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Guo S, Zhou KL, Dong S, Xue XN, Wei PD, Yang JY, Fu GB, Liu ZB, Cui X. Efficacy and safety of massage therapy for autism spectrum disorders: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25874. [PMID: 34106640 PMCID: PMC8133180 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing incidence. At present, the global incidence of the disease is on the rise, and the cause is unknown. There is no specific treatment for this disease at present, mainly education and training. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment has a certain effect on the improvement of the symptoms of the disease. The treatment methods are mainly oral Chinese medicine and acupuncture, but children are often not easy to cooperate. As a safe and effective green therapy, massage is easy to be accepted by children. METHODS We will search the following electronic databases for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy in treating autism spectrum disorders: Wanfang and PubMed Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Excerpta Medica database. Each database will be searched from inception to March 2021. The entire process will include study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and meta-analyses. RESULTS This proposed study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for patients with autism spectrum disorders. The outcomes will include changes in autism spectrum disorder relief and adverse effect. CONCLUSION This proposed systematic review will evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for patients with autism spectrum disorders. DISSEMINATION AND ETHICS The results of this review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis have been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Guo
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Shuo Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiao-Na Xue
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Pei-Dong Wei
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jing-Yi Yang
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Guo-Bing Fu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhen-Bo Liu
- Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xia Cui
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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8
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Lyu I, Bao S, Hao L, Yao J, Miller JA, Voorhies W, Taylor WD, Bunge SA, Weiner KS, Landman BA. Labeling lateral prefrontal sulci using spherical data augmentation and context-aware training. Neuroimage 2021; 229:117758. [PMID: 33497773 PMCID: PMC8366030 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The inference of cortical sulcal labels often focuses on deep (primary and secondary) sulcal regions, whereas shallow (tertiary) sulcal regions are largely overlooked in the literature due to the scarcity of manual/well-defined annotations and their large neuroanatomical variability. In this paper, we present an automated framework for regional labeling of both primary/secondary and tertiary sulci of the dorsal portion of lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) using spherical convolutional neural networks. We propose two core components that enhance the inference of sulcal labels to overcome such large neuroanatomical variability: (1) surface data augmentation and (2) context-aware training. (1) To take into account neuroanatomical variability, we synthesize training data from the proposed feature space that embeds intermediate deformation trajectories of spherical data in a rigid to non-rigid fashion, which bridges an augmentation gap in conventional rotation data augmentation. (2) Moreover, we design a two-stage training process to improve labeling accuracy of tertiary sulci by informing the biological associations in neuroanatomy: inference of primary/secondary sulci and then their spatial likelihood to guide the definition of tertiary sulci. In the experiments, we evaluate our method on 13 deep and shallow sulci of human LPFC in two independent data sets with different age ranges: pediatric (N=60) and adult (N=36) cohorts. We compare the proposed method with a conventional multi-atlas approach and spherical convolutional neural networks without/with rotation data augmentation. In both cohorts, the proposed data augmentation improves labeling accuracy of deep and shallow sulci over the baselines, and the proposed context-aware training offers further improvement in the labeling of shallow sulci over the proposed data augmentation. We share our tools with the field and discuss applications of our results for understanding neuroanatomical-functional organization of LPFC and the rest of cortex (https://github.com/ilwoolyu/SphericalLabeling).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilwoo Lyu
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, 37235 USA.
| | - Shuxing Bao
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, 37235 USA
| | - Lingyan Hao
- Institute for Computational & Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jewelia Yao
- Department of Psychology, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jacob A Miller
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Willa Voorhies
- Department of Psychology, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Warren D Taylor
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203 USA
| | - Silvia A Bunge
- Department of Psychology, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kevin S Weiner
- Department of Psychology, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Bennett A Landman
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, 37235 USA
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9
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Gharehgazlou A, Freitas C, Ameis SH, Taylor MJ, Lerch JP, Radua J, Anagnostou E. Cortical Gyrification Morphology in Individuals with ASD and ADHD across the Lifespan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:2653-2669. [PMID: 33386405 PMCID: PMC8023842 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) that may impact brain maturation. A number of studies have examined cortical gyrification morphology in both NDDs. Here we review and when possible pool their results to better understand the shared and potentially disorder-specific gyrification features. We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases, and 24 and 10 studies met the criteria to be included in the systematic review and meta-analysis portions, respectively. Meta-analysis of local Gyrification Index (lGI) findings across ASD studies was conducted with SDM software adapted for surface-based morphometry studies. Meta-regressions were used to explore effects of age, sex, and sample size on gyrification differences. There were no significant differences in gyrification across groups. Qualitative synthesis of remaining ASD studies highlighted heterogeneity in findings. Large-scale ADHD studies reported no differences in gyrification between cases and controls suggesting that, similar to ASD, there is currently no evidence of differences in gyrification morphology compared with controls. Larger, longitudinal studies are needed to further clarify the effects of age, sex, and IQ on cortical gyrification in these NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avideh Gharehgazlou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carina Freitas
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie H Ameis
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth, & Family Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Margot J Taylor
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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10
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Li X, Jiang Y, Wang W, Liu X, Li Z. Brain morphometric abnormalities in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder revealed by sulcal pits-based analyses. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:299-307. [PMID: 32762149 PMCID: PMC7871795 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder associated with widespread brain morphological abnormalities. Here, we utilized a sulcal pits-based method to provide new insight into the atypical cortical folding morphology in ADHD. METHODS Sulcal pits, the locally deepest points in each fold, were first extracted from magnetic resonance imaging data of 183 boys with ADHD (10.62 ± 1.96 years) and 167 age- and gender-matched typically developing controls (10.70 ± 1.73 years). Then, the geometrical properties of sulcal pits were statistically compared between ADHD and controls. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that the number of sulcal pits was reduced and confined to the superficial secondary sulci in the ADHD group relative to controls (P < .05). We also found that ADHD boys were associated with significantly increased pit depth in the left superior frontal junction, circular insular sulcus, right inferior frontal junction, and bilateral cingulate sulcus, as well as significantly decreased pit depth in the bilateral orbital sulcus (P < .05, corrected). CONCLUSION The experimental findings reveal atypical sulcal anatomy in boys with ADHD and support the feasibility of sulcal pits as anatomic landmarks for disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin‐Wei Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information TechnologyChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and SystemsChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
| | - Yu‐Hao Jiang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information TechnologyChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and SystemsChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
| | - Wei Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information TechnologyChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and SystemsChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
| | - Xiao‐Xue Liu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information TechnologyChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and SystemsChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
| | - Zhang‐Yong Li
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information TechnologyChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Digital Medical Equipment and SystemsChongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqingChina
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11
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Overlooked Tertiary Sulci Serve as a Meso-Scale Link between Microstructural and Functional Properties of Human Lateral Prefrontal Cortex. J Neurosci 2021; 41:2229-2244. [PMID: 33478989 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2362-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between neuroanatomy and function in portions of cortex that perform functions largely specific to humans such as lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is of major interest in systems and cognitive neuroscience. When considering neuroanatomical-functional relationships in LPFC, shallow indentations in cortex known as tertiary sulci have been largely unexplored. Here, by implementing a multimodal approach and manually defining 936 neuroanatomical structures in 72 hemispheres (in both males and females), we show that a subset of these overlooked tertiary sulci serve as a meso-scale link between microstructural (myelin content) and functional (network connectivity) properties of human LPFC in individual participants. For example, the posterior middle frontal sulcus (pmfs) is a tertiary sulcus with three components that differ in their myelin content, resting-state connectivity profiles, and engagement across meta-analyses of 83 cognitive tasks. Further, generating microstructural profiles of myelin content across cortical depths for each pmfs component and the surrounding middle frontal gyrus (MFG) shows that both gyral and sulcal components of the MFG have greater myelin content in deeper compared with superficial layers and that the myelin content in superficial layers of the gyral components is greater than sulcal components. These findings support a classic, yet largely unconsidered theory that tertiary sulci may serve as landmarks in association cortices, as well as a modern cognitive neuroscience theory proposing a functional hierarchy in LPFC. As there is a growing need for computational tools that automatically define tertiary sulci throughout cortex, we share pmfs probabilistic sulcal maps with the field.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) is critical for functions that are thought to be specific to humans compared with other mammals. However, relationships between fine-scale neuroanatomical structures largely specific to hominoid cortex and functional properties of LPFC remain elusive. Here, we show that these structures, which have been largely unexplored throughout history, surprisingly serve as markers for anatomical and functional organization in human LPFC. These findings have theoretical, methodological, developmental, and evolutionary implications for improved understanding of neuroanatomical-functional relationships not only in LPFC, but also in association cortices more broadly. Finally, these findings ignite new questions regarding how morphological features of these neglected neuroanatomical structures contribute to functions of association cortices that are critical for human-specific aspects of cognition.
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12
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Libero LE, Schaer M, Li DD, Amaral DG, Nordahl CW. A Longitudinal Study of Local Gyrification Index in Young Boys With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:2575-2587. [PMID: 29850803 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Local gyrification index (LGI), a metric quantifying cortical folding, was evaluated in 105 boys with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 49 typically developing (TD) boys at 3 and 5 years-of-age. At 3 years-of-age, boys with ASD had reduced gyrification in the fusiform gyrus compared with TD boys. A longitudinal evaluation from 3 to 5 years revealed that while TD boys had stable/decreasing LGI, boys with ASD had increasing LGI in right inferior temporal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, and stable LGI in left lingual gyrus. LGI was also examined in a previously defined neurophenotype of boys with ASD and disproportionate megalencephaly. At 3 years-of-age, this subgroup exhibited increased LGI in right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and paracentral cortex, and left cingulate cortex and superior frontal gyrus relative to TD boys and increased LGI in right paracentral lobule and parahippocampal gyrus, and left precentral gyrus compared with boys with ASD and normal brain size. In summary, this study identified alterations in the pattern and development of LGI during early childhood in ASD. Distinct patterns of alterations in subgroups of boys with ASD suggests that multiple neurophenotypes exist and boys with ASD and disproportionate megalencephaly should be evaluated separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Libero
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marie Schaer
- Office Medico-Pedagogique, Universite de Geneve, Rue David Dafour 1, Geneva 8, Switzerland
| | - Deana D Li
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - David G Amaral
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Christine Wu Nordahl
- UC Davis MIND Institute and the UC Davis Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, USA
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Natu VS, Arcaro MJ, Barnett MA, Gomez J, Livingstone M, Grill-Spector K, Weiner KS. Sulcal Depth in the Medial Ventral Temporal Cortex Predicts the Location of a Place-Selective Region in Macaques, Children, and Adults. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:48-61. [PMID: 32954410 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution and development of anatomical-functional relationships in the cerebral cortex is of major interest in neuroscience. Here, we leveraged the fact that a functional region selective for visual scenes is located within a sulcus in the medial ventral temporal cortex (VTC) in both humans and macaques to examine the relationship between sulcal depth and place selectivity in the medial VTC across species and age groups. To do so, we acquired anatomical and functional magnetic resonance imaging scans in 9 macaques, 26 human children, and 28 human adults. Our results revealed a strong structural-functional coupling between sulcal depth and place selectivity across age groups and species in which selectivity was strongest near the deepest sulcal point (the sulcal pit). Interestingly, this coupling between sulcal depth and place selectivity strengthens from childhood to adulthood in humans. Morphological analyses suggest that the stabilization of sulcal-functional coupling in adulthood may be due to sulcal deepening and areal expansion with age as well as developmental differences in cortical curvature at the pial, but not the white matter surfaces. Our results implicate sulcal features as functional landmarks in high-level visual cortex and highlight that sulcal-functional relationships in the medial VTC are preserved between macaques and humans despite differences in cortical folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi S Natu
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael J Arcaro
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael A Barnett
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jesse Gomez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Kalanit Grill-Spector
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin S Weiner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Kaltenmark I, Deruelle C, Brun L, Lefèvre J, Coulon O, Auzias G. Group-level cortical surface parcellation with sulcal pits labeling. Med Image Anal 2020; 66:101749. [PMID: 32877840 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2020.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulcal pits are the points of maximal depth within the folds of the cortical surface. These shape descriptors give a unique opportunity to access to a rich, fine-scale representation of the geometry and the developmental milestones of the cortical surface. However, using sulcal pits analysis at group level requires new numerical tools to establish inter-subject correspondences. Here, we address this issue by taking advantage of the geometrical information carried by sulcal basins that are the local patches of surfaces surrounding each sulcal pit. Our framework consists in two phases. First, we present a new method to generate a population-specific atlas of this sulcal basins organi- zation as a fold-level parcellation of the cortical surface. Then, we address the labeling of individual sulcal pits and corresponding basins with respect to this atlas. To assess their validity, we applied these methodological advances on two different populations of healthy subjects. The first database of 137 adults allowed us to compare our method to the state-of-the-art and the second database of 209 children, aged between 0 and 18 years, illustrates the adaptability and relevance of our method in the context of pediatric data showing strong variations in cortical volume and folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irène Kaltenmark
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Faculté Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - Christine Deruelle
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Faculté Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Lucile Brun
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Faculté Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Lefèvre
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Faculté Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Coulon
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Faculté Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Auzias
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Faculté Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France
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15
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Behavioral characterization of prediction and internal models in adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders. Neuropsychologia 2016; 91:335-345. [PMID: 27553268 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Autism has been considered as a deficit in prediction of the upcoming event or of the sensory consequences of our own movements. To test this hypothesis, we recorded eye movements from high-functioning autistic adolescents and from age-matched controls during a blanking paradigm. In this paradigm, adolescents were instructed to follow a moving target with their eyes even during its transient disappearance. Given the absence of visual information during the blanking period, eye movements during this period are solely controlled on the basis of the prediction of the ongoing target motion. Typical markers of predictive eye movements such as the number and accuracy of predictive saccades and the predictive reacceleration before target reappearance were identical in the two populations. In addition, the synergy of predictive saccades and smooth pursuit observed during the blanking periods, which is a marker for the quality of internal models about target/eye motions, was comparable between these two populations. These results suggest that, in our large population of high-functioning autistic adolescent, both predictive abilities and internal models are left intact in Autism, at least for low-level sensorimotor transformations.
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Retico A, Gori I, Giuliano A, Muratori F, Calderoni S. One-Class Support Vector Machines Identify the Language and Default Mode Regions As Common Patterns of Structural Alterations in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:306. [PMID: 27445675 PMCID: PMC4925658 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of reliable brain endophenotypes of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been hampered to date by the heterogeneity in the neuroanatomical abnormalities detected in this condition. To handle the complexity of neuroimaging data and to convert brain images in informative biomarkers of pathology, multivariate analysis techniques based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) have been widely used in several disease conditions. They are usually trained to distinguish patients from healthy control subjects by making a binary classification. Here, we propose the use of the One-Class Classification (OCC) or Data Description method that, in contrast to two-class classification, is based on a description of one class of objects only. This approach, by defining a multivariate normative rule on one class of subjects, allows recognizing examples from a different category as outliers. We applied the OCC to 314 regional features extracted from brain structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans of young children with ASD (21 males and 20 females) and control subjects (20 males and 20 females), matched on age [range: 22-72 months of age; mean = 49 months] and non-verbal intelligence quotient (NVIQ) [range: 31-123; mean = 73]. We demonstrated that a common pattern of features characterize the ASD population. The OCC SVM trained on the group of ASD subjects showed the following performances in the ASD vs. controls separation: the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.74 for the male and 0.68 for the female population, respectively. Notably, the ASD vs. controls discrimination results were maximized when evaluated on the subsamples of subjects with NVIQ ≥ 70, leading to AUC = 0.81 for the male and AUC = 0.72 for the female populations, respectively. Language regions and regions from the default mode network-posterior cingulate cortex, pars opercularis and pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus, and transverse temporal gyrus-contributed most to distinguishing individuals with ASD from controls, arguing for the crucial role of these areas in the ASD pathophysiology. The observed brain patterns associate preschoolers with ASD independently of their age, gender and NVIQ and therefore they are expected to constitute part of the ASD brain endophenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilaria Gori
- Pisa Division, National Institute for Nuclear PhysicsPisa, Italy
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of SassariSassari, Italy
| | - Alessia Giuliano
- Pisa Division, National Institute for Nuclear PhysicsPisa, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris FoundationPisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris FoundationPisa, Italy
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