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Hua Y, Yuan Y, Wang X, Liu L, Zhu J, Li D, Tu P. Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a systematic review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1226473. [PMID: 37780558 PMCID: PMC10540206 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1226473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients. Methods Risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients were collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Ovid via the internet, covering studies from the establishment of the databases to March 15, 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and used Stata 13.0 for meta-analysis of predictive factors and the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) to evaluate the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients, evaluated the predictive performance. Results This analysis included eight studies. Six studies used internal validation to assess the predictive models, while one combined both internal and external validation. The Area Under Curve (AUC) for the models ranged from 0.67 to 0.79. The most common predictors were preoperative dementia or dementia history (OR = 3.123, 95% CI 2.108-4.626, p < 0.001), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification (OR = 2.343, 95% CI 1.146-4.789, p < 0.05), and age (OR = 1.615, 95% CI 1.387-1.880, p < 0.001). This meta-analysis shows that these were independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in older adult patients with hip fracture. Conclusion Research on the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients is still in the developmental stage. The predictive performance of some of the established models achieve expectation and the applicable risk of all models is low, but there are also problems such as high risk of bias and lack of external validation. Medical professionals should select existing models and validate and optimize them with large samples from multiple centers according to their actual situation. It is more recommended to carry out a large sample of prospective studies to build prediction models. Systematic review registration The protocol for this systematic review was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registered number CRD42022365258.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Hua
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- School of Nursing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Nursing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Nursing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianting Zhu
- School of Nursing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongying Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Tu
- Department of Postanesthesia Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Shao X, Vishweswaraiah S, Čuperlović-Culf M, Yilmaz A, Greenwood CMT, Surendra A, McGuinness B, Passmore P, Kehoe PG, Maddens ME, Bennett SAL, Green BD, Radhakrishna U, Graham SF. Dementia with Lewy bodies post-mortem brains reveal differentially methylated CpG sites with biomarker potential. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1279. [PMID: 36418427 PMCID: PMC9684551 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a common form of dementia with known genetic and environmental interactions. However, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms which reflect these gene-environment interactions are poorly studied. Herein, we measure genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of post-mortem brain tissue (Broadmann area 7) from 15 pathologically confirmed DLB brains and compare them with 16 cognitively normal controls using Illumina MethylationEPIC arrays. We identify 17 significantly differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) and 17 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the groups. The DMCs are mainly located at the CpG islands, promoter and first exon regions. Genes associated with the DMCs are linked to "Parkinson's disease" and "metabolic pathway", as well as the diseases of "severe intellectual disability" and "mood disorders". Overall, our study highlights previously unreported DMCs offering insights into DLB pathogenesis with the possibility that some of these could be used as biomarkers of DLB in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Shao
- grid.24433.320000 0004 0449 7958National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sangeetha Vishweswaraiah
- grid.261277.70000 0001 2219 916XOakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309 USA
| | - Miroslava Čuperlović-Culf
- grid.24433.320000 0004 0449 7958National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, sand Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Ali Yilmaz
- grid.261277.70000 0001 2219 916XOakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309 USA ,Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
| | - Celia M. T. Greenwood
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anuradha Surendra
- grid.24433.320000 0004 0449 7958National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Peter Passmore
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Patrick G. Kehoe
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Dementia Research Group, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael E. Maddens
- grid.261277.70000 0001 2219 916XOakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309 USA ,Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
| | - Steffany A. L. Bennett
- grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario Canada ,grid.28046.380000 0001 2182 2255Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, sand Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Brian D. Green
- grid.4777.30000 0004 0374 7521Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Uppala Radhakrishna
- grid.261277.70000 0001 2219 916XOakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309 USA ,Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
| | - Stewart F. Graham
- grid.261277.70000 0001 2219 916XOakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309 USA ,Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI 48073 USA
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Omics Data and Data Representations for Deep Learning-Based Predictive Modeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012272. [PMID: 36293133 PMCID: PMC9603455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical discoveries mainly depend on the capability to process and analyze biological datasets, which inundate the scientific community and are still expanding as the cost of next-generation sequencing technologies is decreasing. Deep learning (DL) is a viable method to exploit this massive data stream since it has advanced quickly with there being successive innovations. However, an obstacle to scientific progress emerges: the difficulty of applying DL to biology, and this because both fields are evolving at a breakneck pace, thus making it hard for an individual to occupy the front lines of both of them. This paper aims to bridge the gap and help computer scientists bring their valuable expertise into the life sciences. This work provides an overview of the most common types of biological data and data representations that are used to train DL models, with additional information on the models themselves and the various tasks that are being tackled. This is the essential information a DL expert with no background in biology needs in order to participate in DL-based research projects in biomedicine, biotechnology, and drug discovery. Alternatively, this study could be also useful to researchers in biology to understand and utilize the power of DL to gain better insights into and extract important information from the omics data.
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Jung M, Pan X, Cunningham EL, Passmore AP, McGuinness B, McAuley DF, Beverland D, O’Brien S, Mawhinney T, Schott JM, Zetterberg H, Green BD. The Influence of Orthopedic Surgery on Circulating Metabolite Levels, and their Associations with the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium. Metabolites 2022; 12:616. [PMID: 35888740 PMCID: PMC9319890 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the occurrence of postoperative delirium development are unclear and measurement of plasma metabolites may improve understanding of its causes. Participants (n = 54) matched for age and gender were sampled from an observational cohort study investigating postoperative delirium. Participants were ≥65 years without a diagnosis of dementia and presented for primary elective hip or knee arthroplasty. Plasma samples collected pre- and postoperatively were grouped as either control (n = 26, aged: 75.8 ± 5.2) or delirium (n = 28, aged: 76.2 ± 5.7). Widespread changes in plasma metabolite levels occurred following surgery. The only metabolites significantly differing between corresponding control and delirium samples were ornithine and spermine. In delirium cases, ornithine was 17.6% higher preoperatively, and spermine was 12.0% higher postoperatively. Changes were not associated with various perioperative factors. In binary logistic regression modeling, these two metabolites did not confer a significantly increased risk of delirium. These findings support the hypothesis that disturbed polyamine metabolism is an underlying factor in delirium that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijin Jung
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 8 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK; (M.J.); (X.P.)
| | - Xiaobei Pan
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 8 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK; (M.J.); (X.P.)
| | - Emma L. Cunningham
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital Site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK; (E.L.C.); (A.P.P.); (B.M.)
| | - Anthony P. Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital Site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK; (E.L.C.); (A.P.P.); (B.M.)
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Block B, Royal Victoria Hospital Site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK; (E.L.C.); (A.P.P.); (B.M.)
| | - Daniel F. McAuley
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK;
| | - David Beverland
- Outcomes Assessment Unit, Musgrave Park Hospital, Belfast Trust, Stockman’s Lane, Belfast BT9 7JB, Northern Ireland, UK;
| | - Seamus O’Brien
- Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Belfast Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK; (S.O.); (T.M.)
| | - Tim Mawhinney
- Cardiac Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Belfast Trust, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, Northern Ireland, UK; (S.O.); (T.M.)
| | - Jonathan M. Schott
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (J.M.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1E 6BT, UK; (J.M.S.); (H.Z.)
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, House V, S-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, House V, S-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian D. Green
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 8 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland, UK; (M.J.); (X.P.)
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