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Ren L, Lv M, Wang X, Schwieter JW, Liu H. iTBS reveals the roles of domain-general cognitive control and language-specific brain regions during word formation rule learning. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae356. [PMID: 39233376 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Repeated exposure to word forms and meanings improves lexical knowledge acquisition. However, the roles of domain-general and language-specific brain regions during this process remain unclear. To investigate this, we applied intermittent theta burst stimulation over the domain-general (group left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and domain-specific (Group L IFG) brain regions, with a control group receiving sham intermittent theta burst stimulation. Intermittent theta burst stimulation effects were subsequently assessed in functional magnetic resonance imaging using an artificial word learning task which consisted of 3 learning phases. A generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis explored the whole brain functional connectivity, while dynamic causal modeling estimated causal interactions in specific brain regions modulated by intermittent theta burst stimulation during repeated exposure. Compared to sham stimulation, active intermittent theta burst stimulation improved word learning performance and reduced activation of the left insula in learning phase 2. Active intermittent theta burst stimulation over the domain-general region increased whole-brain functional connectivity and modulated effective connectivity between brain regions during repeated exposure. This effect was not observed when active intermittent theta burst stimulation was applied to the language-specific region. These findings suggest that the domain-general region plays a crucial role in word formation rule learning, with intermittent theta burst stimulation enhancing whole-brain connectivity and facilitating efficient information exchange between key brain regions during new word learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Ren
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Mengjie Lv
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Xiyuan Wang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
| | - John W Schwieter
- Language Acquisition, Cognition, and Multilingualism Laboratory/Bilingualism Matters, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
- Department of Linguistics and Languages, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M2, Canada
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal University, 850 Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China
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Buck O, Found T, Weldon R, Lim LW, Aquili L. Dietary tyrosine consumption modulates the effects of tDCS, but not tRNS, on planning behaviour. Brain Stimul 2024; 17:572-574. [PMID: 38648971 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Buck
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Tenielle Found
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Rachel Weldon
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Luca Aquili
- College of Health and Education, School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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