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Inoue T, Bao X, Kageyama T, Sugino Y, Sekito S, Miyachi S, Sasaki T, Getzenberg R. Purine-Rich Element Binding Protein Alpha, a Nuclear Matrix Protein, Has a Role in Prostate Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6911. [PMID: 39000020 PMCID: PMC11241608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors as well as leukemias and lymphomas show striking changes in nuclear structure including nuclear size and shape, the number and size of nucleoli, and chromatin texture. These alterations have been used in cancer diagnosis and might be related to the altered functional properties of cancer cells. The nuclear matrix (NM) represents the structural composition of the nucleus and consists of nuclear lamins and pore complexes, an internal ribonucleic protein network, and residual nucleoli. In the nuclear microenvironment, the NM is associated with multi-protein complexes, such as basal transcription factors, signaling proteins, histone-modifying factors, and chromatin remodeling machinery directly or indirectly through scaffolding proteins. Therefore, alterations in the composition of NM could result in altered DNA topology and changes in the interaction of various genes, which could then participate in a cascade of the cancer process. Using an androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP, and its androgen-independent derivative, LN96, conventional 2D-proteomic analysis of the NM proteins revealed that purine-rich element binding protein alpha (PURα) was detected in the NM proteins and differentially expressed between the cell lines. In this article, we will review the potential role of the molecule in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Xin Bao
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Takumi Kageyama
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Yusuke Sugino
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Sho Sekito
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Shiori Miyachi
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174, Edobashi, Tsu 514-0001, Japan; (X.B.); (T.K.); (Y.S.); (S.S.); (S.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Robert Getzenberg
- Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA;
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Xie X, Tian L, Zhao Y, Liu F, Dai S, Gu X, Ye Y, Zhou L, Liu X, Sun Y, Zhao X. BACH1-induced ferroptosis drives lymphatic metastasis by repressing the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:48. [PMID: 36670112 PMCID: PMC9860034 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the fatal malignancies worldwide. It has an increased propensity to metastasize via lymphogenous routes in an early stage. The prognosis of patients with lymph node metastases (LNM) is often worse than that of patients without metastases. Although several factors have been found to influence metastasis, the mechanisms of preference for specific metastatic routes remain poorly understood. Herein, we provide evidence that the intrinsic hypersensitivity of tumor cells to ferroptosis may proactively drive lymphatic metastasis. Serum autoantibodies associated with LNM of early ESCC were screened using a whole-proteome protein array containing 19 394 human recombinant proteins, and an anti-BACH1 autoantibody was first identified. Pan-cancer analysis of ferroptosis-related genes with preferential lymphatic metastasis and preferential hematogenous metastasis based on The Cancer Genome Atlas data was performed. Only BACH1 showed significant overexpression in tumors with preferential lymphatic metastasis, whereas it was downregulated in most tumors with preferential nonlymphatic metastasis. In addition, it was found that the serum levels of autoantibodies against BACH1 were elevated in early-stage patients with LNM. Interestingly, BACH1 overexpression and ferroptosis induction promoted LNM but inhibited hematogenous metastasis in mouse models. Transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses found that BACH1 repressed SCD1-mediated biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic acid (OA). OA significantly attenuated the ferroptotic phenotypes and reversed the metastatic properties of BACH1-overexpressing cells. OA addition significantly rescued the ferroptotic phenotypes and reversed the metastatic properties of BACH1-overexpressing cells. Importantly, the concentration gradient of OA between primary lesions and the lymph resulted in the chemoattraction of tumor cells to promote invasion, thus facilitating lymphatic metastasis. BACH1-induced ferroptosis drives lymphatic metastasis via the BACH1-SCD1-OA axis. More importantly, this study confirms that ferroptosis is a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The clinical application of ferroptosis-associated agents requires a great caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Lusong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Shuyang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Xinglu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Lanping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, P. R. China.
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Forming cytoplasmic stress granules PURα suppresses mRNA translation initiation of IGFBP3 to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression. Oncogene 2022; 41:4336-4348. [PMID: 35945453 PMCID: PMC9481463 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide. Recently, our group identified purine-rich element binding protein alpha (PURα), a single-stranded DNA/RNA-binding protein, to be significantly associated with the progression of ESCC. Additional immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that PURα forms cytoplasmic stress granules to suppress mRNA translation initiation. The expression level of cytoplasmic PURα in ESCC tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent epithelia and correlated with a worse patient survival rate by immunohistochemistry. Functionally, PURα strongly preferred to bind to UG-/U-rich motifs and mRNA 3´UTR by CLIP-seq analysis. Moreover, PURα knockout significantly increased the protein level of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). In addition, it was further demonstrated that PURα-interacting proteins are remarkably associated with translation initiation factors and ribosome-related proteins and that PURα regulates protein expression by interacting with translation initiation factors, such as PABPC1, eIF3B and eIF3F, in an RNA-independent manner, while the interaction with ribosome-related proteins is significantly dependent on RNA. Specifically, PURα was shown to interact with the mRNA 3´UTR of IGFBP3 and inhibit its expression by suppressing mRNA translation initiation. Together, this study identifies cytoplasmic PURα as a modulator of IGFBP3, which could be a promising therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Jiang Y, Zhan H, Zhang Y, Yang J, Liu M, Xu C, Fan X, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Shi X, Ramesh R, Li M. ZIP4 promotes non-small cell lung cancer metastasis by activating snail-N-cadherin signaling axis. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:71-81. [PMID: 34450198 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most critical health problems worldwide, with high incidence and poor survival rate. A zinc importer ZIP4 has been implicated in the process of tumor growth and metastasis of many cancers. However, its exact role and the underlying mechanism in NSCLC remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that human ZIP4 was substantially overexpressed in NSCLC tissues and was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Overexpression of ZIP4 promoted cell migration, invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in a mouse lung metastasis model. Silencing of ZIP4 attenuated migration, invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, overexpression of ZIP4 increased the expression of Snail, Slug and N-cadherin while genetic inactivation of ZIP4 downregulated the expression of above-mentioned genes. Further analysis showed that transcriptional factor Snail which modulates N-cadherin was involved in the process of ZIP4-mediated NSCLC migration and invasion. We also demonstrated that ZIP4 positively correlates with the levels of Snail, Slug and N-cadherin in mice lung metastasis tumors. Together, these results suggest that ZIP4 acts as an important regulator of Snail-N-cadherin signaling axis in promoting NSCLC progression and may serve as a novel predictive marker and therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jingxuan Yang
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public Health, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Xiao Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Xiuhui Shi
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Rajagopal Ramesh
- Department of Pathology, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medicine, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Surgery, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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