1
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Yan Z, Jiang S, Xi J, Ye W, Meng L, Xiao H, Wu W. Frost-resistant nanocellulose-based organohydrogel with high mechanical strength and transparency. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 661:879-887. [PMID: 38330660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Improving mechanical strength and frost-resistance is an important research direction in the field of hydrogel materials. Herein, using bacterial nanocellulose (BC) as a reinforcing agent and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a polymer matrix, a frost-resistant organohydrogel was constructed via the freezing-thawing method in a new binary solvent system of N, N-dimethylformamide and water (DMF-H2O), which was designed according to the Hansen Solubility Parameter. Owing to the solvent-induced crystallization effect that led to the enhanced 3D hydrogen bonding network during the freezing-thawing process, the optimal organohydrogel achieved excellent mechanical properties with the tensile strength of 2,974 kPa and the stretchability of 277 % at room temperature, respectively. In the visiblelight range, the organohydrogel demonstrated high transmittance. Moreover, the presence of a DMF-H2O binary solvent endows it with frost-resistance, retaining the tensile strength of 508 kPa and a stretchability of 190 % even at -70 °C, respectively. This kind of transparent, frost-resistant organohydrogel has potential uses in harsh settings due to its great mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Yan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jianfeng Xi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Wenjie Ye
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liucheng Meng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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2
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Cheng X, Wang H, Wang S, Jiao Y, Sang C, Jiang S, He S, Mei C, Xu X, Xiao H, Han J. Hierarchically core-shell structured nanocellulose/carbon nanotube hybrid aerogels for patternable, self-healing and flexible supercapacitors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:923-933. [PMID: 38280285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The flexible and self-healing supercapacitors (SCs) are considered to be promising smart energy storage devices. Nevertheless, the SCs integrated with flexibility, lightweight, pattern editability, self-healing capabilities and desirable electrochemical properties remain a challenge. Herein, an all-in-one self-healing SC fabricated with the free-standing hybrid film (TCMP) composed of the 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yloxy-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNs) carried carbon nanotubes (CNTs), manganese dioxide (MnO2) and polyaniline (PANI) as the electrode, polyvinyl alcohol/sulfuric acid (PVA/H2SO4) gel as the electrolyte and dynamically cross-linked cellulose nanofibers/PVA/sodium tetraborate decahydrate (CNF/PB) hydrogel as the self-healing electrode matrix is developed. The TCMP film electrodes are fabricated through a facile in-situ polymerization of MnO2 and PANI in TOCNs-dispersed CNTs composite networks, exhibiting lightweight, high electrical conductivity, flexibility, pattern editability and excellent electrochemical properties. Benefited from the hierarchically porous structure and high mechanical properties of TOCNs, excellent electrical conductivity of CNTs and the desirable synergistic effect of pseudocapacitance induced by MnO2 and PANI, the assembled SC with an interdigital structure demonstrated a high areal capacitance of 1108 mF cm-2 at 2 mA cm-2, large areal energy density of 153.7 μWh cm-2 at 1101.7 μW cm-2. A satisfactory bending cycle performance (capacitance retention up to 95 % after 200 bending deformations) and self-healing characteristics (∼90 % capacitance retention after 10 cut/repair cycles) are demonstrated for the TCMP-based symmetric SC, delivering a feasible strategy for electrochemical energy storage devices with excellent performance, designable patterns and desirable safe lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Cheng
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huixiang Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou, Shanxi 034000, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yue Jiao
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chenyu Sang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shuijian He
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Changtong Mei
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xinwu Xu
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Huining Xiao
- Chemical Engineering Department, New Brunswick University, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B5A3, Canada.
| | - Jingquan Han
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Joint International Research Lab of Lignocellulosic Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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3
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You L, Zheng Z, Xu W, Wang Y, Xiong W, Xiong C, Wang S. Self-healing and adhesive MXene-polypyrrole/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol conductive hydrogels as wearable sensor. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130439. [PMID: 38423420 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels become increasing attractive for flexible electronic devices and biosensors. However, challenges still remain in fabrication of flexible hydrogels with high electrical conductivity, self-healing capability and adhesion property. Herein, a conductive hydrogel (PSDM) was prepared by solution-gel method using MXene and dopamine modified polypyrrole as conductive enhanced materials, polyvinyl alcohol and silk fibroin as gel networks, and borax as cross-linking agent. Notably, the PSDM hydrogels not only showed high permeability (13.82 mg∙cm-2∙h-1), excellent stretch ability (1235 %), high electrical conductivity (11.3 S/m) and long-term stability, but also exhibited high adhesion performance and self-healing properties. PSDM hydrogels displayed outstanding sensing performance and durability for monitoring human activities including writing, finger bending and wrist bending. The PSDM hydrogel was made into wearable flexible electrodes and realized accurate, sensitive and reliable detection of human electromyographic and electrocardiographic signals. The sensor was also applied in human-computer interaction by collecting electromyography signals of different gestures for machine learning and gesture recognition. According to 480 groups of data collected, the recognition accuracy of gestures by the electrodes was close to 100 %, indicating that the PSDM hydrogel electrodes possessed excellent sensing performance for high precision data acquisition and human-computer interaction interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun You
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Zhijuan Zheng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Weijie Xiong
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Caihua Xiong
- School of Mechanical Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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4
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Song C, Yu L, Liu H, Yang Z, Wu Y, Liu F, Zhang S, Gao S, Li M. Surfactant-assisted preparation of all-gel-state flexible supercapacitor with remarkable electrochemical performance based on polyaniline-polyacrylamide/sodium alginate hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130449. [PMID: 38423422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical performance of polyaniline-based all-gel-state supercapacitor (AGSSC) is significantly depended on the dispersity and mass loaded of polyaniline (PANI). In this manuscript, inspired by the properties of surfactant, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) was introduced to prepare various PANI-polyacrylamide/sodium alginate/SDBS (PANIy-PSSx) AGSSCs. With presence of SDBS, the electrochemical performance of PANIy-PSSx AGSSCs was greatly improved, displaying a trend of initial rise and then decrease with increasing concentration of SDBS from 0 to 0.75 wt%. As the content of SDBS was 0.5 wt%, the resulting PANI1.0-PSS0.5 AGSSC displayed the optimum electrochemical properties with area capacitance and energy density of 913.79 mF/cm2 and 81.23 μWh/cm2, respectively. The capacitance rate of PANI1.0-PSS0.5 AGSSC was still more than 93 % after 2000 cycles of sequential CV scans at the scan rate of 200 mV/s. These data were greatly higher than many reported PANI-based AGSSCs. Moreover, the resultant PANI1.0-PSS0.5 AGSSC could maintain high electrochemical performance even after various operations, such as compression, puncture, fluctuating temperature, bending situations and various voltage windows and series-parallel connections. The resultant PANI1.0-PSS0.5 AGSSC had the wide potentials to satisfy the real application requirements. This study offered a facile strategy for design and preparation of flexible supercapacitor with excellent electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Liqun Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hailong Liu
- Shandong Dongyue Organic Silicon Materials Co., Ltd., Zibo 256401, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhizhou Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Vegetables, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, PR China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Shandong Shengdu Energy Saving Technology Co., Ltd., Weifang, Jinan 261200, Shandong, PR China
| | - Sheng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, Shandong, PR China
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5
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Liao Z, Wen J, Zhang H, Wu H, Liu Z, Shi Y, Song P, Tang L, Xue H, Gao J. Water vapor assisted aramid nanofiber reinforcement for strong, tough and ionically conductive organohydrogels as high-performance strain sensors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1272-1282. [PMID: 38165275 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01560b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Conductive organohydrogels have gained increasing attention in wearable sensors, flexible batteries, and soft robots due to their exceptional environment adaptability and controllable conductivity. However, it is still difficult for conductive organohydrogels to achieve simultaneous improvement in mechanical and electrical properties. Here, we propose a novel "water vapor assisted aramid nanofiber (ANF) reinforcement" strategy to prepare robust and ionically conductive organohydrogels. Water vapor diffusion can induce the pre-gelation of the polymer solution and ensure the uniform dispersion of ANFs in organohydrogels. ANF reinforced organohydrogels have remarkable mechanical properties with a tensile strength, stretchability and toughness of up to 1.88 ± 0.04 MPa, 633 ± 30%, and 6.75 ± 0.38 MJ m-3, respectively. Furthermore, the organohydrogels exhibit great crack propagation resistance with the fracture energy and fatigue threshold as high as 3793 ± 167 J m-2 and ∼328 J m-2, respectively. As strain sensors, the conductive organohydrogel demonstrates a short response time of 112 ms, a large working strain and superior cycling stability (1200 cycles at 40% strain), enabling effective monitoring of a wide range of complex human motions. This study provides a new yet effective design strategy for high performance and multi-functional nanofiller reinforced organohydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchuan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Zimin Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Jing Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Hechuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Haidi Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Zhanqi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Yongqian Shi
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Campus, QLD 4300, Australia
| | - Longcheng Tang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of MoE, Key Laboratory of Silicone Materials Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Huaiguo Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
| | - Jiefeng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, No 180, Road Siwangting, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China.
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6
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Yue J, Huang Y, Teng Y, Fan R, Li C, Lv Y, Tao Y, Lu J, Du J, Wang H. Carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogel with high-density crack microstructures inspired from the multi-tentacles of octopus for ultrasensitive flexible sensing microsystem. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129533. [PMID: 38246448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Constructing high-density contact-separation sites on conductive materials highly determines the sensitivity of flexible resistance-type sensors relying on the crack microstructures. Herein, inspired from the multiple-tentacle structures on octopus, we demonstrated a sort of novel carbonized ZIF-8@loofah (CZL) as conductive material to develop ultrasensitivity flexible sensor, in which the carbonized ZIF-8 nanoparticles (~100 nm) served as tentacles. Originating from the formation of high-density contact-separation sites, the fabricated CZL-based strain sensor delivered ultrahigh sensitivity of GFmax = 15,901, short response time of 22 ms and excellent durability over 10,000 cycles. These features enable the sensor with efficient monitoring capacity for complex human activities, such as pulse rate and phonation. Moreover, when CZL was assembled into triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), CZL-based TENG can effectively convert the irregular biomechanical energy into electric energy, providing sustainable power supply for the continuous operation of the sensing micro-system. Our findings established a novel platform to develop high-performance self-powered sensing systems of physiological parameter of human inspired from the nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Yue
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yilin Teng
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ruichen Fan
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chao Li
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yanna Lv
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yehan Tao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jian Du
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Haisong Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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7
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Zhang M, Ren J, Li R, Zhang W, Li Y, Yang W. Multifunctional sodium lignosulfonate/xanthan gum/sodium alginate/polyacrylamide ionic hydrogels composite as a high-performance wearable strain sensor. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129718. [PMID: 38296129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Recently, conductive hydrogels have shown great promise in flexible electronics and are ideal materials for the preparation of wearable strain sensors. However, developing a simple method to produce conductive hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, self-adhesion, transparency, anti-freezing, and UV resistance remains a significant challenge. A novel sodium lignosulfonate/xanthan gum/sodium alginate/polyacrylamide/Zn2+/DMSO (SLS/XG/SA/PAM/Zn2+/DMSO) ionic conductive hydrogel was developed using a one-pot method. The resulting ionic conductive hydrogels have excellent mechanical properties (stress: 0.13 MPa, strain: 1629 %), high anti-fatigue properties, self-adhesion properties (iron: 7.37 kPa, pigskin: 4.74 kPa), anti-freezing (freezing point: -33.49 °C) and UV resistance by constructing a chemical and physical hybrid cross-linking network. In particular, the conductivity of G hydrogel reached 6.02 S/m at room temperature and 5.52 S/m at -20 °C. Thus, the hydrogel was assembled into a flexible sensor that could distinguish a variety of large and small scales human movements, such as joint bending, swallowing and speaking in real time with high stability and sensitivity. Moreover, the hydrogel could be used as electronic skin just like human skin and touch screen pen to write.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Zhang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, PR China.
| | - Ruirui Li
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Wu Yang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering College, Northwest Normal University, Key Lab of Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education of Ecological Environment, Key Lab of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
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8
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Li T, Qi H, Zhao Y, Kumar P, Zhao C, Li Z, Dong X, Guo X, Zhao M, Li X, Wang X, Ritchie RO, Zhai W. Robust and sensitive conductive nanocomposite hydrogel with bridge cross-linking-dominated hierarchical structural design. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk6643. [PMID: 38306426 PMCID: PMC10836727 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk6643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have a remarkable potential for applications in soft electronics and robotics, owing to their noteworthy attributes, including electrical conductivity, stretchability, biocompatibility, etc. However, the limited strength and toughness of these hydrogels have traditionally impeded their practical implementation. Inspired by the hierarchical architecture of high-performance biological composites found in nature, we successfully fabricate a robust and sensitive conductive nanocomposite hydrogel through self-assembly-induced bridge cross-linking of MgB2 nanosheets and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels. By combining the hierarchical lamellar microstructure with robust molecular B─O─C covalent bonds, the resulting conductive hydrogel exhibits an exceptional strength and toughness. Moreover, the hydrogel demonstrates exceptional sensitivity (response/relaxation time, 20 milliseconds; detection lower limit, ~1 Pascal) under external deformation. Such characteristics enable the conductive hydrogel to exhibit superior performance in soft sensing applications. This study introduces a high-performance conductive hydrogel and opens up exciting possibilities for the development of soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Haobo Qi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Yijing Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Punit Kumar
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cancan Zhao
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhenming Li
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Miao Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
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9
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Shi Y, Guan Y, Liu M, Kang X, Tian Y, Deng W, Yu P, Ning C, Zhou L, Fu R, Tan G. Tough, Antifreezing, and Piezoelectric Organohydrogel as a Flexible Wearable Sensor for Human-Machine Interaction. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3720-3732. [PMID: 38237072 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Piezoelectric hydrogel sensors are becoming increasingly popular for wearable sensing applications due to their high sensitivity, self-powered performance, and simple preparation process. However, conventional piezoelectric hydrogels lack antifreezing properties and are thus confronted with the liability of rupture in low temperatures owing to the use of water as the dispersion medium. Herein, a kind of piezoelectric organohydrogel that integrates piezoelectricity, low-temperature tolerance, mechanical robustness, and stable electrical performance is reported by using poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), acrylonitrile (AN), acrylamide (AAm), p-styrenesulfonate (NaSS), glycerol, and zinc chloride. In detail, the dipolar interaction of the PVDF chain with the PAN chain facilitates the crystal phase transition of PVDF from the α to β phase, which endows the organohydrogels with a high piezoelectric constant d33 of 35 pC/N. In addition, the organohydrogels are highly ductile and can withstand significant tensile and compressive forces through the synergy of the dipolar interaction and amide hydrogen bonding. Besides, by incorporating glycerol and zinc chloride, the growth of ice crystals is inhibited, allowing the organohydrogels to maintain stable flexibility and sensitivity even at -20 °C. The real-time monitoring of the pulse signal for up to 2 min indicates that the gel sensor has stable sensitivity. It is believed that our organohydrogels will have good prospects in future wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjun Guan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchang Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Weicheng Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyun Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, People's Republic of China
| | - Rumin Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxin Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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10
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Wu W, Shi L, Qian K, Zhou J, Zhao T, Thaiboonrod S, Miao M, Feng X. Synergistic strengthening of PVA ionic conductive hydrogels using aramid nanofibers and tannic acid for mechanically robust, antifreezing, water-retaining and antibacterial flexible sensors. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:1260-1271. [PMID: 37907005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Ion-conductive hydrogels with multi-functionality have gained significant attraction as flexible sensors in various fields such as wearable health monitoring and human motion detection, owing to their high ion conductivity, excellent flexibility and stretchability, and easy availability. In this work, multifunctional ion-conductive hydrogel with excellent mechanical properties, antifreezing properties, water retention and antibacterial performance was fabricated by the freeze-thaw crosslinking between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and aramid nanofibers (ANF), and the subsequent solution immersion crosslinking in a mixture of tannic acid (TA) and CaCl2 solution (DMSO/H2O as co-solvent). The rational engineering of a multi-spatial distributed hydrogen bond and Ca2+ coordination bond networks within the hydrogel led to a significant improvement in mechanical properties. Furthermore, through the introduction of TA and binary solvents (DMSO/H2O), the hydrogel had witnessed a substantial enhancement in its antimicrobial properties and water retention capacity. The resultant PAT5/CaCl2-5% (DMSO/H2O) hydrogel exhibited outstanding elongation at break (754.73%), tensile strength (6.25 MPa), electrical conductivity (3.09 S/m), which can be employed in flexible sensors to monitor real-time functional motion for human under diverse conditions. As such, this innovation opens up a novel pathway for envisioning flexible sensor devices, particularly in the realm of human activity monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Wu
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Liyi Shi
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Kunpeng Qian
- School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jianyu Zhou
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Sineenat Thaiboonrod
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Miao Miao
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xin Feng
- Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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11
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Wang F, Chen C, Zhu D, Li W, Liu J, Wang J. Ultrastretchable and highly conductive hydrogels based on Fe 3+- lignin nanoparticles for subzero wearable strain sensor. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126768. [PMID: 37683743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels have attracted considerable interest for potential applications in soft robotics, electronic skin and human monitoring. However, insufficient mechanical characteristics, low adhesion and unsatisfactory electrical conductivity severely restrict future application possibilities of hydrogels. Herein, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs)-Fe3+-ammonium persulfate (APS) catalytic system was introduced to assemble Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/LNPs/Ca2+ (PHEMA/LNPs/Ca) hydrogels. Due to the abundant metal coordination and hydrogen bonds, the composite hydrogel displayed ultrahigh stretchable capacity (3769 %), adhesion properties (248 kPa for skin) and self-healing performance. Importantly, hydrogel sensors possess with high durability, strain sensitivity (GF = 8.75), fast response time and freeze resistance (-20 °C) that could be employed to monitor motion signals in low-temperature regime. Therefore, the LNPs-Fe3+ catalytic system has great potential in preparing hydrogel for various applications such as human-computer interaction, artificial intelligence, personal healthcare and subzero wearable devices. At the same time, incorporation of natural macromolecules into polymer hydrogels is tremendous research significance for investigating high-value utilization of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dingfeng Zhu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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12
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Choi SG, Kang SH, Lee JY, Park JH, Kang SK. Recent advances in wearable iontronic sensors for healthcare applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1335188. [PMID: 38162187 PMCID: PMC10757853 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1335188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Iontronic sensors have garnered significant attention as wearable sensors due to their exceptional mechanical performance and the ability to maintain electrical performance under various mechanical stimuli. Iontronic sensors can respond to stimuli like mechanical stimuli, humidity, and temperature, which has led to exploration of their potential as versatile sensors. Here, a comprehensive review of the recent researches and developments on several types of iontronic sensors (e.g., pressure, strain, humidity, temperature, and multi-modal sensors), in terms of their sensing principles, constituent materials, and their healthcare-related applications is provided. The strategies for improving the sensing performance and environmental stability of iontronic sensors through various innovative ionic materials and structural designs are reviewed. This review also provides the healthcare applications of iontronic sensors that have gained increased feasibility and broader applicability due to the improved sensing performance. Lastly, outlook section discusses the current challenges and the future direction in terms of the applicability of the iontronic sensors to the healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Geun Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hun Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyeon Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Kyun Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Nano Systems Institute SOFT Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Patel DK, Patil TV, Ganguly K, Dutta SD, Lim KT. Nanocellulose-assisted 3D-printable, transparent, bio-adhesive, conductive, and biocompatible hydrogels as sensors and moist electric generators. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120963. [PMID: 37230632 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Transparent hydrogels have found increasing applications in wearable electronics, printable devices, and tissue engineering. Integrating desired properties, such as conductivity, mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and sensitivity, in one hydrogel remains challenging. To address these challenges, multifunctional hydrogels of methacrylate chitosan, spherical nanocellulose, and β-glucan with distinct physicochemical characteristics were combined to develop multifunctional composite hydrogels. The nanocellulose facilitated the self-assembly of the hydrogel. The hydrogels exhibited good printability and adhesiveness. Compared with the pure methacrylated chitosan hydrogel, the composite hydrogels exhibited improved viscoelasticity, shape memory, and conductivity. The biocompatibility of the composite hydrogels was monitored using human bone marrow-derived stem cells. Their motion-sensing potential was analyzed on different parts of the human body. The composite hydrogels also possessed temperature-responsiveness and moisture-sensing abilities. These results suggest that the developed composite hydrogels demonstrate excellent potential to fabricate 3D-printable devices for sensing and moist electric generator applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Patel
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V Patil
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Zhong L, Zhang Y, Liu F, Wang L, Feng Q, Chen C, Xu Z. Muscle-inspired anisotropic carboxymethyl cellulose-based double-network conductive hydrogels for flexible strain sensors. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125973. [PMID: 37495000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels are considered one of the most promising materials for preparing flexible sensors due to their flexible and extensible properties. However, conventional hydrogels' weak mechanical and isotropic properties are greatly limited in practical applications. Here, the internal structure of the hydrogel was regulated by pre-stretching synergistic ion crosslinking to construct a carboxymethyl cellulose-based double network-oriented hydrogel similar to muscle. The introduction of pre-stretching increased the tensile strength of the double-network hydrogel from 1.45 MPa to 4.32 MPa, and its light transmittance increased from 67.3 % to 84.5 %. In addition, the hydrogel's thermal stability and electrical conductivity were improved to a certain extent. Its good mechanical properties and conductive properties can be converted into stable electrical signal output during deformation. The carboxymethyl cellulose-based double network oriented hydrogels were further assembled as flexible substrates into flexible sensor devices. The hydrogel sensors can monitor simple joint movements as well as complex spatial movements, which makes them have potential application value in the research field of intelligent response electronic devices such as flexible wearables, intelligent strain sensing, and soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Luzhen Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chuchu Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhaoyang Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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15
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Chen Y, Lv X, Wang Y, Shi J, Luo S, Fan J, Sun B, Liu Y, Fan Q. Skin-adhesive lignin-grafted-polyacrylamide/hydroxypropyl cellulose hydrogel sensor for real-time cervical spine bending monitoring in human-machine Interface. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125833. [PMID: 37453629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing a straightforward method to produce conductive hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, self-adhesion, and biocompatibility remains a significant challenge. While current approaches aim to enhance mechanical performance, they often require additional steps or external forces for fixation, leading to increased production time and limited practicality. A novel lignin-grafted polyacrylamide/hydroxypropyl cellulose hydrogel (L-g-PAM/HPC hydrogel) with a semi-interpenetrating polymer network structure had been developed in this research that boasted exceptional adhesion to the skin (∼68 kPa) and stretchability properties (∼1637 %) compared to PAM-based hydrogels. By incorporating conductive additives such as silver nanowires and carbon nanocages to construct a bridge-like structure within the hydrogel matrix, the resulting AgC@L-g-PAM/HPC hydrogel exhibited impressive electrical conductivity, surpassing that of other PAM-based hydrogels relying on MXene, with a maximum value of 0.76 S/m. Furthermore, the AgC@L-g-PAM/HPC hydrogel retained its efficient electrical signal transmission capability even under mechanical stress. These make it an ideal flexible strain sensor capable of detecting various human motions. In this study, a smart real-time monitoring system was successfully developed for tracking cervical spine bending, serving as an extension for monitoring human activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China.
| | - Xiaowei Lv
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Sihan Luo
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Junjiang Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Post & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210021, China
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16
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Tang S, Sha D, He Z, Chen X, Ma Y, Liu C, Yuan Y. Environmentally Adaptable Organo-Ionic Gel-Based Electrodes for Real-Time On-Skin Electrocardiography Monitoring. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300475. [PMID: 36892140 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
On-skin personal electrocardiography (ECG) devices, which can monitor real-time cardiac autonomic changes, have been widely applied to predict cardiac diseases and save lives. However, current interface electrodes fail to be unconditionally and universally applicable, often losing their efficiency and functionality under harsh atmospheric conditions (e.g., underwater, abnormal temperature, and humidity). Herein, an environmentally adaptable organo-ionic gel-based electrode (OIGE) is developed with a facile one-pot synthesis of highly conductive choline-based ionic liquid ([DMAEA-Q] [TFSI], I.L.) and monomers (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate (TFEA) and N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide (HEAA). In virtue of inherent conductivity, self-responsive hydrophobic barriers, dual-solvent effect, and multiple interfacial interactions, this OIGE features distinct sweat and water-resistance, anti-freezing and anti-dehydration properties with strong adhesiveness and electrical stability under all kinds of circumstances. In contrast to the dysfunction of commercial gel electrodes (CGEs), this OIGE with stronger adhesion as well as skin tolerability can realize a real-time and accurate collection of ECG signals under multiple extreme conditions, including aquatic environments (sweat and underwater), cryogenic (<-20°C) and arid (dehydration) environments. Therefore, the OIGE shows great prospects in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases and paves new horizons for multi-harsh environmental personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaimin Tang
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Dongyong Sha
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zirui He
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
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17
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Zhan W, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Yang Z, Peng N, Jiang Z, Liu M, Zhang X. Carboxymethylcellulose reinforced, double-network hydrogel-based strain sensor with superior sensing stability for long-term monitoring. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124536. [PMID: 37085065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogel-based strain sensors have garnered significant attention for their potential for human health monitoring. However, its practical application has been hindered by water loss, freezing, and structural impairment during long-term motion monitoring. Here, a strain sensor based on double-network (DN) hydrogel of polyacrylamide (PAAm)/carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was developed in a ternary solvent system of lithium chloride (LiCl)/ethylene glycol (EG)/H2O through a facile one-pot radical polymerization strategy. The incorporation of EG effectively mitigated the hydration of lithium salts by generating stable ion clusters with Li+ and stronger hydrogen bonds within the polymer matrix. The sensor demonstrated excellent mechanical properties, including a stretchability of 1858 %, toughness of 1.80 MJ/m3, and recoverability of 102 %. Furthermore, the LiCl/EG/H2O ternary system resulted in high conductivity, excellent anti-freezing performance, and superior sensing stability. In addition, the sensor exhibited remarkable sensitivity, enabling the monitoring of human movements ranging from subtle to significant deformations, including throat motion and bending of the elbow, wrist, finger, and lower limb. This study presents a viable approach for constructing hydrogel-based strain sensors with exceptional sensing stability for long-term tracking of human motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhan
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Zihao Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shannxi, PR China
| | - Niancai Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 7100049, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 7100049, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 7100049, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shannxi, PR China.
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18
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Dual Network Hydrogel with High Mechanical Properties, Electrical Conductivity, Water Retention and Frost Resistance, Suitable for Wearable Strain Sensors. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030224. [PMID: 36975673 PMCID: PMC10048269 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progress of science and technology, intelligent wearable devices have become more and more popular in our daily life. Hydrogels are widely used in flexible sensors due to their good tensile and electrical conductivity. However, traditional water-based hydrogels are limited by shortcomings of water retention and frost resistance if they are used as the application materials of flexible sensors. In this study, the composite hydrogels formed by polyacrylamide (PAM) and TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers (TOCNs) are immersed in LiCl/CaCl2/GI solvent to form double network (DN) hydrogel with better mechanical properties. The method of solvent replacement give the hydrogel good water retention and frost resistance, and the weight retention rate of the hydrogel was 80.5% after 15 days. The organic hydrogels still have good electrical and mechanical properties after 10 months, and can work normally at −20 °C, and has excellent transparency. The organic hydrogel show satisfactory sensitivity to tensile deformation, which has great potential in the field of strain sensors.
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19
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Mu G, He W, He J, Muhammad Y, Shi Z, Zhang B, Zhou L, Zhao Z, Zhao Z. High strength, anti-freezing and conductive silkworm excrement cellulose-based ionic hydrogel with physical-chemical double cross-linked for pressure sensing. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123936. [PMID: 36894064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, ionic conductive hydrogels have attracted extensive attention in the field of flexible pressure sensors due to their mechanical flexibility and high conductivity. However, the trade-off between the high electrical and mechanical properties of ionic conductive hydrogels and the loss of mechanical and electrical properties of traditional high water content hydrogels at low temperature are still the main hurdles in this area. Herein, a rigid Ca-rich silkworm excrement cellulose (SECCa) extracted from silkworm breeding waste was prepared. SEC-Ca was combined with the flexible hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) molecules through hydrogen bonding and double ionic bonds of Zn2+ and Ca2+ to obtain the physical network SEC@HPMC-(Zn2+/Ca2+). Then, the covalently cross-linked network of polyacrylamide (PAAM) and the physical network were cross-linked by hydrogen bonding to obtain the physical-chemical double cross-linked hydrogel (SEC@HPMC-(Zn2+/Ca2+)/PAAM). The hydrogel showed excellent compression properties (95 %, 4.08 MPa), high ionic conductivity (4.63 S/m at 25 °C) and excellent frost resistance (possessing ionic conductivity of 1.20 S/m at -70 °C). Notably, the hydrogel can monitor pressure changes in a wide temperature range (-60-25 °C) with high sensitivity, stability and durability. This newly fabricated hydrogel-based pressure sensors can be deemed of great prospects for large-scale application of pressure detection at ultra-low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Mu
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Wenting He
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jia He
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yaseen Muhammad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, 25120, KP, Pakistan
| | - Zhongfeng Shi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for New Chemical Materials and Safety Technology, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535001, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Liqin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhenxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhongxing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Low-carbon Green Chemical Technology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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20
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Li Q, Tang R, Zhou H, Hu X, Zhang S. A high-performance and flexible electrode film based on bacterial cellulose/polypyrrole/nitrogen-doped graphene for supercapacitors. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 311:120754. [PMID: 37028857 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
With the development and popularity of portable electronic devices, there is an urgent need for flexible energy storage devices suitable for mass production. We report freestanding paper electrodes for supercapacitors fabricated via a simple but efficient two-step method. Nitrogen-doped graphene (N-rGO) was first prepared via a hydrothermal method. This not only obtained nitrogen atom-doped nanoparticles but also formed reduced graphene oxide. Pyrrole (Py) was then deposited on the bacterial cellulose (BC) fibers as a polypyrrole (PPy) pseudo-capacitance conductive layer by in situ polymerization and filtered with nitrogen-doped graphene to prepare a self-standing flexible paper electrode with a controllable thickness. The synthesized BC/PPy/N15-rGO paper electrode has a remarkable mass specific capacitance of 441.9 F g-1, a long cycle life (96 % retention after 3000 cycles), and excellent rate performance. The BC/PPy/N15-rGO-based symmetric supercapacitor shows a high volumetric specific capacitance of 244 F cm-3 and a max energy density of 67.9 mWh cm-3 with a power density of 1.48 W cm-3, suggesting that they will be promising materials for flexible supercapacitors.
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21
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Chen G, Liang X, Men X, Liu L, Wang F, Bao X, Zhang H. Enhancing thermal conductivity and chemical protection of bacterial cellulose/silver nanowires thin-film for high flexible electronic skin. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:422-431. [PMID: 36603710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) thin films have emerged as a promising next-generation flexible electronic device. However, the current AgNWs thin films are often plagued by high AgNWs-AgNWs contact resistance and poor long-term stability. Here, to enhance the AgNWs stability on the surface of bacterial cellulose (BC), a novel flexible high conductivity thin-film was prepared by spin-coating a layer of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on the BC/AgNWs (BA) film. Firstly, BC film with high uniformity to better fit the AgNWs was obtained. It is observed that inadequately protected AgNWs can be corroded when AgNWs together with PVA were attached to the BC surface (BAP film), Yet, a layer of PVA was spin-coated on the surface of BA film, the BC/AgNWs/spin-coated 0.5 % PVA (BASP) thin-film (10.1 μm) exhibits that the PVA interfacial protective layer effectively mitigated the intrinsic incompatibility of BC with AgNWs as well as external corrosion (Na2S for 3 h) and immobilization of AgNWs, thus having a low conductive sheet resistance of 0.42 Ω/sq., which was better than most of the AgNWs-containing conductive materials reported so far. In addition, the resistance of the BASP thin-film changed little after 10,000 bending cycles, and the conductivity remained stable over BC directly immersed in 0.5 % PVA/AgNWs. This "soft" conductive material can be used to manufacture a new generation of electronic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Chen
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xiao Men
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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22
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Ma X, Maimaitiyiming X. Highly Stretchable, Self-Healing, and Low Temperature Resistant Double Network Hydrogel Ionic Conductor as Flexible Sensor and Quasi-Solid Electrolyte. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200685. [PMID: 36398572 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of flexible energy storage and wearable strain sensing, conductive hydrogels are attracting attention as electrolyte materials for flexible strain sensors and flexible supercapacitors due to their excellent flexibility and wetting properties. In this work, antifreezing hydrogels with high stretchability, adhesion, and conductivity are designed and prepared by introducing phosphoric acid solutions into polyacrylamide and chitosan systems. The multifunctional hydrogel samples prepared by this method can be used as both quasi-solid electrolytes and wearable strain sensors. The hydrogel-based supercapacitor shows a charge/discharge efficiency of 99.67% and a capacitance retention of 98.85% after 10 000 cycles charge/discharge tests at -30 °C. The tiny characteristic heartbeat wave forms are detected by the hydrogel as a flexible strain sensor. It is foreseeable that PCP multifunctional hydrogel can be a promising flexible material for a new generation of flexible sensors and flexible energy storage devices in a certain range of temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, PR China
| | - Xieraili Maimaitiyiming
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, PR China
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23
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Xie Y, Lv X, Li Y, Lv A, Sui X, Tian S, Jiang L, Li R, Sun S. Carbon Nanotubes and Silica@polyaniline Core-Shell Particles Synergistically Enhance the Toughness and Electrical Conductivity in Hydrophobic Associated Hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:1299-1308. [PMID: 36630713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soft, conductive, and stretchable sensors are highly desirable in many applications, including artificial skin, biomonitoring patches, and so on. Recently, a combination of good electrical and mechanical properties was regarded as the most important evaluation criterion for judging whether hydrogel sensors are suitable for practical applications. Herein, we demonstrate a novel carboxylated carbon nanotube (MWCNT-COOH)-embedded P(AM/LMA)/SiO2@PANI hydrogel. The hydrogel benefits from a double-network structure (hydrogen bond cross-linking and hydrophobic connectivity network) due to the role of MWCNT-COOH and SiO2@PANI as cross-linkers, thus resulting in tough composite hydrogels. The obtained P(AM/LMA)/SiO2@PANI/MWCNT-COOH hydrogels exhibited high tensile strength (1939 kPa), super stretchability (3948.37%), and excellent strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 11.566 at 100-1100% strain). Obviously, MWCNT-COOH not only improved the electrical conductivity but also enhanced the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. Therefore, the integration of MWCNT-COOH and SiO2@PANI-based hydrogel strain sensors will display broad application in sophisticated intelligence, soft robotics, bionic prosthetics, personal health care, and other fields using inexpensive, green, and easily available biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Xue Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Youqiang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Aowei Lv
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Xinyi Sui
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Song Tian
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Li'an Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
| | - Shulin Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
- Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Resin and Special Fiber, Ministry of Education, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun130012, China
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24
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A toughened, transparent, anti-freezing and solvent-resistant hydrogel towards environmentally tolerant strain sensor and soft connection. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Zeng LY, Wang XC, Wen Y, Chen HM, Ni HL, Yu WH, Bai YF, Zhao KQ, Hu P. Anti-freezing dual-network hydrogels with high-strength, self-adhesive and strain-sensitive for flexible sensors. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 300:120229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Iroegbu AC, Ray SS. Nanocellulosics in Transient Technology. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47547-47566. [PMID: 36591168 PMCID: PMC9798511 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Envisage a world where discarded electrical/electronic devices and single-use consumables can dematerialize and lapse into the environment after the end-of-useful life without constituting health and environmental burdens. As available resources are consumed and human activities build up wastes, there is an urgency for the consolidation of efforts and strategies in meeting current materials needs while assuaging the concomitant negative impacts of conventional materials exploration, usage, and disposal. Hence, the emerging field of transient technology (Green Technology), rooted in eco-design and closing the material loop toward a friendlier and sustainable materials system, holds enormous possibilities for assuaging current challenges in materials usage and disposability. The core requirements for transient materials are anchored on meeting multicomponent functionality, low-cost production, simplicity in disposability, flexibility in materials fabrication and design, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and environmental benignity. In this regard, biorenewables such as cellulose-based materials have demonstrated capacity as promising platforms to fabricate scalable, renewable, greener, and efficient materials and devices such as membranes, sensors, display units (for example, OLEDs), and so on. This work critically reviews the recent progress of nanocellulosic materials in transient technologies toward mitigating current environmental challenges resulting from traditional material exploration, usage, and disposal. While spotlighting important fundamental properties and functions in the material selection toward practicability and identifying current difficulties, we propose crucial research directions in advancing transient technology and cellulose-based materials in closing the loop for conventional materials and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austine
Ofondu Chinomso Iroegbu
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology
Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research, CSIR, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Suprakas Sinha Ray
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
- Centre
for Nanostructures and Advanced Materials, DSI-CSIR Nanotechnology
Innovation Centre, Council for Scientific
& Industrial Research, CSIR, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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27
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Rong L, Zhao W, Fan Y, Zhou Z, Zhan M, He X, Yuan W, Qian C. Environmentally Stable, Stretchable, Adhesive, and Conductive Organohydrogels with Multiple Dynamic Interactions as High-Performance Strain and Temperature Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55075-55087. [PMID: 36455289 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, conductive hydrogel-based sensors play an increasingly vital role in health monitoring and temperature sensing. However, the perfect integration of the environmental stability and applied performance of the hydrogel has always been a challenging and significant problem. Herein, we report an environmentally tolerant, stretchable, adhesive, self-healing conductive gel through multiple dynamic interactions in the water/glycerol/ionic liquids medium, which can be used as a high-performance strain and temperature sensor. The random copolymer poly(acrylic acid-co-acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate) interacts with the branched poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and Zr4+ ions via the dynamic covalent enamine bonds, coordinations, and electrostatic interactions to improve stretchable (1300%), compressible, fatigue-resistant (1000 cycles at 50% strain), and self-healing performance (95%, 24 h). The combination of water/glycerol/ionic liquids imparts the resulting gel with excellent electrical conductivity, anti-drying, and anti-freezing performance. By means of the above excellent performance, the gel could be used as the flexible strain or pressure sensor with high sensitivity and stability for the detection of the movement, expression, handwriting, pronouncing, and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals in various models. Meanwhile, the resulting gel can be assembled as the temperature sensor to trace the change of temperature accurately and steadily, which has a wide operating window (0 to 100 °C), an ultralow detection limit (0.2 °C), and high sensitivity (2.1% °C-1). It is believed that the strategy for the multifunction and high-performance gel will blaze a new trail for the smart device in health management, temperature detection, and information transmission under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liduo Rong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai519000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai519000, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai519000, P. R. China
| | - Xu He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai519000, P. R. China
| | - Weizhong Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai201804, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Qian
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai200072, P. R. China
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28
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Sun T, Zhao H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Gao J, Liu L, Niu S, Han Z, Ren L, Lin Q. Degradable Bioinspired Hypersensitive Strain Sensor with High Mechanical Strength Using a Basalt Fiber as a Reinforced Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42723-42733. [PMID: 36073899 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flexible strain sensors have received extensive attention due to their broad application prospects. However, a majority of present flexible strain sensors may fail to maintain normal sensing performances upon external loads because of their low strength and thus their performances are affected drastically with increasing loads, which severely restricts large-area popularization and application. Scorpions with hypersensitive vibration slit sensilla are coincident with a similar predicament. Herein, it is revealed that scorpions intelligently use risky slits to detect subtle vibrations, and meanwhile, the distinct layered composites of the main body of this organ prevent catastrophic failure of the sensory structure. Furthermore, the extensive use of flexible sensors will generate a mass of electronic waste just as obsoleting silicon-based devices. Considering mechanical properties and environmental issues, a flexible strain sensor based on an elastomer (Ecoflex)-wrapped fabric with the woven structure was designed and fabricated. Note that introducing a "green" basalt fiber (BF) into a degradable elastomer can effectively avoid environmental issues and significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the sensor. As a result, it shows excellent sensitivity (gauge factor (GF) ∼138.10) and high durability (∼40,000 cycles). Moreover, the reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/BF/Ecoflex flexible strain sensor possesses superior mechanical properties (tensile strength ∼20 MPa) and good flexibility. More significantly, the sensor can maintain normal performances under large external tensions, impact loads, and even underwater environments, providing novel design principles for environmentally friendly flexible sensors under extremely harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Houqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Junqiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiqi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Linpeng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance and Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Shichao Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhiwu Han
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Luquan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Qiao Lin
- Biomedical Microelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, United States
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29
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Liu G, Guo M, Xue S, Yang X, Wang L, Zhao C, Xiang D, Li H, Lai J, Li Z, Wu Y. Stretchable, conductive poly(acrylamide‐
co
‐maleic acid)/triethylene glycol/
NaCl
double‐crosslinked organohydrogel with excellent antifreezing and sensing properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanfei Liu
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Meiling Guo
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Shishan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Mianyang Normal University Mianyang China
| | - Xi Yang
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Li Wang
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Chuanxia Zhao
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Dong Xiang
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Hui Li
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Jingjuan Lai
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
| | - Yuanpeng Wu
- School of New Energy and Materials, State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
- The Center of Functional Materials for Working Fluids of Oil and Gas Field, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Basalt Fiber Composites Development and Application Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu China
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30
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Anžlovar A, Žagar E. Cellulose Structures as a Support or Template for Inorganic Nanostructures and Their Assemblies. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1837. [PMID: 35683693 PMCID: PMC9182054 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer and deserves the special attention of the scientific community because it represents a sustainable source of carbon and plays an important role as a sustainable energent for replacing crude oil, coal, and natural gas in the future. Intense research and studies over the past few decades on cellulose structures have mainly focused on cellulose as a biomass for exploitation as an alternative energent or as a reinforcing material in polymer matrices. However, studies on cellulose structures have revealed more diverse potential applications by exploiting the functionalities of cellulose such as biomedical materials, biomimetic optical materials, bio-inspired mechanically adaptive materials, selective nanostructured membranes, and as a growth template for inorganic nanostructures. This article comprehensively reviews the potential of cellulose structures as a support, biotemplate, and growing vector in the formation of various complex hybrid hierarchical inorganic nanostructures with a wide scope of applications. We focus on the preparation of inorganic nanostructures by exploiting the unique properties and performances of cellulose structures. The advantages, physicochemical properties, and chemical modifications of the cellulose structures are comparatively discussed from the aspect of materials development and processing. Finally, the perspective and potential applications of cellulose-based bioinspired hierarchical functional nanomaterials in the future are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alojz Anžlovar
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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