1
|
Vuong TNAM, Bartolf-Kopp M, Andelovic K, Jungst T, Farbehi N, Wise SG, Hayward C, Stevens MC, Rnjak-Kovacina J. Integrating Computational and Biological Hemodynamic Approaches to Improve Modeling of Atherosclerotic Arteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2307627. [PMID: 38704690 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease, resulting in mortality, elevated healthcare costs, diminished productivity, and reduced quality of life for individuals and their communities. This is exacerbated by the limited understanding of its underlying causes and limitations in current therapeutic interventions, highlighting the need for sophisticated models of atherosclerosis. This review critically evaluates the computational and biological models of atherosclerosis, focusing on the study of hemodynamics in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Computational models account for the geometrical complexities and hemodynamics of the blood vessels and stenoses, but they fail to capture the complex biological processes involved in atherosclerosis. Different in vitro and in vivo biological models can capture aspects of the biological complexity of healthy and stenosed vessels, but rarely mimic the human anatomy and physiological hemodynamics, and require significantly more time, cost, and resources. Therefore, emerging strategies are examined that integrate computational and biological models, and the potential of advances in imaging, biofabrication, and machine learning is explored in developing more effective models of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Bartolf-Kopp
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Andelovic
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584, Netherlands
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Garvan Weizmann Center for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Steven G Wise
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Christopher Hayward
- St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Charles Stevens
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kemper P, Karageorgos GM, Fodera D, Lee N, Meshram N, Weber RA, Nauleau P, Mobadersany N, Kwon N, Myers K, Konofagou EE. Pulse wave and vector flow Imaging for atherosclerotic disease progression in hypercholesterolemic swine. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6305. [PMID: 37072435 PMCID: PMC10113229 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive monitoring of atherosclerosis remains challenging. Pulse Wave Imaging (PWI) is a non-invasive technique to measure the local stiffness at diastolic and end-systolic pressures and quantify the hemodynamics. The objective of this study is twofold, namely (1) to investigate the capability of (adaptive) PWI to assess progressive change in local stiffness and homogeneity of the carotid in a high-cholesterol swine model and (2) to assess the ability of PWI to monitor the change in hemodynamics and a corresponding change in stiffness. Nine (n=9) hypercholesterolemic swine were included in this study and followed for up to 9 months. A ligation in the left carotid was used to cause a hemodynamic disturbance. The carotids with detectable hemodynamic disturbance showed a reduction in wall shear stress immediately after ligation (2.12 ± 0.49 to 0.98 ± 0.47 Pa for 40-90% ligation (Group B) and 1.82 ± 0.25 to 0.49 ± 0.46 Pa for >90% ligation (Group C)). Histology revealed subsequent lesion formation after 8-9 months, and the type of lesion formation was dependent on the type of the induced ligation, with more complex plaques observed in the carotids with a more significant ligation (C: >90%). The compliance progression appears differed for groups B and C, with an increase in compliance to 2.09 ± 2.90×10-10 m2 Pa-1 for group C whereas the compliance of group B remained low at 8 months (0.95 ± 0.94×10-10 m2 Pa-1). In summary, PWI appeared capable of monitoring a change in wall shear stress and separating two distinct progression pathways resulting in distinct compliances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kemper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA.
| | | | - Daniella Fodera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Nicole Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Nirvedh Meshram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Rachel A Weber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Pierre Nauleau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Nima Mobadersany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Nancy Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Kristin Myers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Elisa E Konofagou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
The endothelium is one of the largest organ systems in the body, and data continue to emerge regarding the importance of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction in vascular aging and a range of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Over the last two decades and as a process intimately related to EC dysfunction, an increasing number of studies have also implicated endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as a potentially disease-causal pathobiologic process that is involved in a multitude of differing CVDs. However, EndMT is also involved in physiologic processes (e.g., cardiac development), and transient EndMT may contribute to vascular regeneration in certain contexts. Given that EndMT involves a major alteration in the EC-specific molecular program, and that it potentially contributes to CVD pathobiology, the clinical translation opportunities are significant, but further molecular and translational research is needed to see these opportunities realized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; .,St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kamato D, Ilyas I, Xu S, Little PJ. Non-Mouse Models of Atherosclerosis: Approaches to Exploring the Translational Potential of New Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12964. [PMID: 36361754 PMCID: PMC9656683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the largest single cause of disease-related mortality worldwide and the major underlying pathology is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis develops as a complex process of vascular lipid deposition and retention by modified proteoglycans, endothelial dysfunction and unresolved chronic inflammation. There are a multitude of current therapeutic agents, most based on lowering plasma lipid levels, but, overall, they have a lower than optimum level of efficacy and many deaths continue to arise from cardiovascular disease world-wide. To identify and evaluate potential novel cardiovascular drugs, suitable animal models that reproduce human atherosclerosis with a high degree of fidelity are required as essential pre-clinical research tools. Commonly used animal models of atherosclerosis include mice (ApoE-/-, LDLR-/- mice and others), rabbits (WHHL rabbits and others), rats, pigs, hamster, zebrafish and non-human primates. Models based on various wild-type and genetically modified mice have been extensively reviewed but mice may not always be appropriate. Thus, here, we provide an overview of the advantages and shortcomings of various non-mouse animal models of atherosclerotic plaque formation, and plaque rupture, as well as commonly used interventional strategies. Taken together, the combinatorial selection of suitable animal models readily facilitates reproducible and rigorous translational research in discovering and validating novel anti-atherosclerotic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Kamato
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Laboratory of Metabolics and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Laboratory of Metabolics and Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Peter J. Little
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute and School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, QLD 4575, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sturek M. Introduction to ion transport and membrane interactions in vascular health and disease. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2022; 90:1-11. [PMID: 36368870 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is on the rise, partially due to the continued increase in metabolic syndrome. Advances in basic research on vascular ion transport have the potential to provide targets for therapeutic interventions. Vascular specificity, which includes different vascular beds having different characteristics and the macro- vs. microvasculature, is a vitally important variable in characterization of ion transport. At the cellular level, targeted fluorescent biosensors for Ca2+, super-resolution microscopy, and organelle patch clamp electrophysiology enable more detailed studies. The "MetS/diabetes milieu" includes increased and decreased insulin, and increased glucose, increased LDL/HDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and increased blood pressure. The duration and severity of MetS/diabetes components certainly affect the vascular phenotype and ion transport and membrane interactions. A combination of in vivo animal models and in vitro cell models to study ion transport in MetS/diabetes conditions is optimal. Gene editing and selective pharmacological tools should be used after or in conjunction with characterization of ion transport in vascular health and disease phenotypes. This is critical to determining the causal role of Ca2+ signaling in modulation of vascular phenotype. The ion transport and membrane interactions that are measured are typically only a snapshot in time in these dynamic processes occurring over the progression of health and disease. It is imperative that this concept be considered in the planning of long-term studies of vascular disease, ion transport experiments, and interpretation of the data. Future directions for our contributors' research will advance the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sturek
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Identification of Body Size Determination Related Candidate Genes in Domestic Pig Using Genome-Wide Selection Signal Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141839. [PMID: 35883386 PMCID: PMC9312078 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the genes related to the body size of pigs by conducting genome-wide selection analysis (GWSA). We performed a GWSA scan on 50 pigs belonging to four small-bodied pig populations (Diannan small-eared pig, Bama Xiang pig, Wuzhishan pig, and Jeju black pig from South Korea) and 124 large-bodied pigs. We used the genetic parameters of the pairwise fixation index (FST) and π ratio (case/control) to screen candidate genome regions and genes related to body size. The results revealed 47,339,509 high-quality SNPs obtained from 174 individuals, while 280 interacting candidate regions were obtained from the top 1% signal windows of both parameters, along with 187 genes (e.g., ADCK4, AMDHD2, ASPN, ASS1, and ATP6V0C). The results of the candidate gene (CG) annotation showed that a series of CGs (e.g., MSTN, LTBP4, PDPK1, PKMYT1, ASS1, and STAT6) was enriched into the gene ontology terms. Moreover, molecular pathways, such as the PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, and AMPK signaling pathways, were verified to be related to body development. Overall, we identified a series of key genes that may be closely related to the body size of pigs, further elucidating the heredity basis of body shape determination in pigs and providing a theoretical reference for molecular breeding.
Collapse
|
7
|
Vayssettes-Courchay C, Ragonnet C, Isabelle M, Bourguignon MP, Chimenti S. In vivo Evidence of Arterial Dynamic Properties Alteration in Atherosclerotic Rabbit. J Vasc Res 2022; 59:239-250. [PMID: 35439760 DOI: 10.1159/000523898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Atherosclerosis severely damages the arterial wall. The aim of this study was to assess in vivo, for the first time, arterial dynamic properties, reactivity, and stiffness in atherosclerotic (ATH) rabbits. METHODS The rabbits were fed with 0.3% cholesterol diet. Femoral artery (FA) or abdominal aorta (AA) diameter was recorded by echotracking, together with blood pressure. Arterial reactivity after local administration of agents and stiffness were measured as diameter or pulsatile diameter changes. RESULTS FA dilation induced by acetylcholine was reduced in the function of diet duration (9-65 weeks). With mid-term diet duration (35-45 weeks), the dilation to nitroprusside was greatly reduced; the constriction to norepinephrine was reduced but not that to serotonin, thromboxane agonist, or angiotensin II. After 17- and 28-week diet AA and FA stiffness were increased while distensibility was reduced. Arterial stiffness measured by regional pulse wave velocity was unaltered. We observed that after 28-week diet, FA exhibited a stiffened wall at the plaque level and higher distensibility at the upstream site. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Arterial reactivity and compliance were greatly modified by atherosclerosis, at various degrees dependent on diet duration. ATH rabbit is therefore a suitable model for in vivo investigations of treatments targeting dynamic properties of arterial wall.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cluzel GL, Ryan PM, Herisson FM, Caplice NM. High-fidelity porcine models of metabolic syndrome: a contemporary synthesis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E366-E381. [PMID: 35224983 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00413.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to describe and compare porcine models of metabolic syndrome. This syndrome and its associated secondary comorbidities are set to become the greatest challenge to healthcare providers and policy makers in the coming century. However, an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis has left significant knowledge gaps in terms of efficacious therapeutics. To further our comprehension and, in turn, management of metabolic syndrome, appropriate high-fidelity models of the disease complex are of great importance. In this context, our review aims to assess the most promising porcine models of metabolic syndrome currently available for their similarity to the human phenotype. In addition, we aim to highlight the strengths and shortcomings of each model in an attempt to identify the most appropriate application of each. Although no porcine model perfectly recapitulates the human metabolic syndrome, several pose satisfactory approximations. The Ossabaw miniature swine in particular represents a highly translatable model that develops each of the core parameters of the syndrome with many of the associated secondary comorbidities. Future high-fidelity porcine models of metabolic syndrome need to focus on secondary sequelae replication, which may require extended induction period to reveal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaston L Cluzel
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul M Ryan
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Florence M Herisson
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel M Caplice
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu SS, Zhang XL, Liu SS, Feng ST, Xiang GM, Xu CJ, Fan ZY, Xu K, Wang N, Wang Y, Che JJ, Liu ZG, Mu YL, Li K. Multi-Omic Analysis in a Metabolic Syndrome Porcine Model Implicates Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Disorder as a Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:807118. [PMID: 35284467 PMCID: PMC8906569 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.807118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis has been suggested as a major risk factor for atherothrombosis, however, the detailed mechanism linking these conditions is yet to be fully understood. Methods We established a long-term excessive-energy diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) inbred Wuzhishan minipig model, which is characterized by its genetic stability, small size, and human-like physiology. The metabolic parameters, atherosclerotic lesions, gut microbiome, and host transcriptome were analyzed. Metabolomics profiling revealed a linkage between gut microbiota and atherothrombosis. Results We showed that white atheromatous plaque was clearly visible on abdominal aorta in the MetS model. Furthermore, using metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing, we discovered that the long-term excessive energy intake altered the local intestinal microbiota composition and transcriptional profile, which was most dramatically illustrated by the reduced abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria including Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminococcaceae in the MetS model. Liver and abdominal aorta transcriptomes in the MetS model indicate that the diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis activated host chronic inflammatory responses and significantly upregulated the expression of genes related to arachidonic acid-dependent signaling pathways. Notably, metabolomics profiling further revealed an intimate linkage between arachidonic acid metabolism and atherothrombosis in the host-gut microbial metabolism axis. Conclusions These findings provide new insights into the relationship between atherothrombosis and regulation of gut microbiota via host metabolomes and will be of potential value for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Song Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sha-Sha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Tang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Ming Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Yao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Che
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Lian Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yu-Lian Mu
| | - Kui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Kui Li
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Recent advances and directions in the development of bioresorbable metallic cardiovascular stents: Insights from recent human and in vivo studies. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:1-23. [PMID: 33823325 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, significant advancements have been made regarding the material formulation, iterative design, and clinical translation of metallic bioresorbable stents. Currently, magnesium-based (Mg) stent devices have remained at the forefront of bioresorbable stent material development and use. Despite substantial advances, the process of developing novel absorbable stents and their clinical translation is time-consuming, expensive, and challenging. These challenges, coupled with the continuous refinement of alternative bioresorbable metallic bulk materials such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), have intensified the search for an ideal absorbable metallic stent material. Here, we discuss the most recent pre-clinical and clinical evidence for the efficacy of bioresorbable metallic stents and material candidates. From this perspective, strategies to improve the clinical performance of bioresorbable metallic stents are considered and critically discussed, spanning material alloy development, surface manipulations, material processing techniques, and preclinical/biological testing considerations. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recent efforts in using Mg, Fe, and Zn based materials for bioresorbable stents include elemental profile changes as well as surface modifications to improve each of the three classes of materials. Although a variety of alloys for absorbable metallic stents have been developed, the ideal absorbable stent material has not yet been discovered. This review focuses on the state of the art for bioresorbable metallic stent development. It covers the three bulk materials used for degradable stents (Mg, Fe, and Zn), and discusses their advances from a translational perspective. Strategies to improve the clinical performance of bioresorbable metallic stents are considered and critically discussed, spanning material alloy development, surface manipulations, material processing techniques, and preclinical/biological testing considerations.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ratner LD, La Motta GE, Briski O, Salamone DF, Fernandez-Martin R. Practical Approaches for Knock-Out Gene Editing in Pigs. Front Genet 2021; 11:617850. [PMID: 33747029 PMCID: PMC7973260 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.617850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pigs are an important resource for meat production and serve as a model for human diseases. Due to their physiological and anatomical similarities to humans, these animals can recapitulate symptoms of human diseases, becoming an effective model for biomedical research. Although, in the past pig have not been widely used partially because of the difficulty in genetic modification; nowadays, with the new revolutionary technology of programmable nucleases, and fundamentally of the CRISPR-Cas9 systems, it is possible for the first time to precisely modify the porcine genome as never before. To this purpose, it is necessary to introduce the system into early stage zygotes or to edit cells followed by somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this review, several strategies for pig knock-out gene editing, using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, will be summarized, as well as genotyping methods and different delivery techniques to introduce these tools into the embryos. Finally, the best approaches to produce homogeneous, biallelic edited animals will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Daniela Ratner
- Laboratorio Biotecnología Animal (LabBA), Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gaston Emilio La Motta
- Laboratorio Biotecnología Animal (LabBA), Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Olinda Briski
- Laboratorio Biotecnología Animal (LabBA), Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Felipe Salamone
- Laboratorio Biotecnología Animal (LabBA), Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rafael Fernandez-Martin
- Laboratorio Biotecnología Animal (LabBA), Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|