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An efficient synthesis tetrazole and oxadiazole analogues of novel 2'-deoxy-C-nucleosides and their antitumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127612. [PMID: 33098969 PMCID: PMC7576186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Various tetrazole and oxadiazole C-nucleoside analogues were synthesized starting from pure α- or β-glycosyl-cyanide. The synthesis of glycosyl-cyanide as key precursor was optimized on gram-scale to furnish crystalline starting material for the assembly of C-nucleosides. Oxadizole C-nucleosides were synthesized via two independent routes. First, the glycosyl-cyanide was converted into an amidoxime which upon ring closure offered an alternative pathway for the assembly of 1,2,4-oxadizoles in an efficient manner. Second, both anomers of glycosyl-cyanide were transformed into tetrazole nucleosides followed by acylative rearrangement to furnish 1,3,4-oxadiazoles in high yields. These protocols offer an easy access to otherwise difficult to synthesize C-nucleosides in good yield and protecting group compatibility. These C-nucleosides were evaluated for their antitumor activity. This work paves a path for facile assembly of library of new chemical entities useful for drug discovery.
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Diastereoselective Opening of Bridged Anhydrides by Amidoximes Providing Access to 1,2,4-Oxadiazole/Norborna(e)ne Hybrids. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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3
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Pałasz A, Cież D, Trzewik B, Miszczak K, Tynor G, Bazan B. In the Search of Glycoside-Based Molecules as Antidiabetic Agents. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:19. [PMID: 31165274 PMCID: PMC6548768 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review is an effort to summarize recent developments in synthesis of O-glycosides and N-, C-glycosyl molecules with promising antidiabetic potential. Articles published after 2000 are included. First, the O-glycosides used in the treatment of diabetes are presented, followed by the N-glycosides and finally the C-glycosides constituting the largest group of antidiabetic drugs are described. Within each group of glycosides, we presented how the structure of compounds representing potential drugs changes and when discussing chemical compounds of a similar structure, achievements are presented in the chronological order. C-Glycosyl compounds mimicking O-glycosides structure, exhibit the best features in terms of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Therefore, the largest part of the article is concerned with the description of the synthesis and biological studies of various C-glycosides. Also N-glycosides such as N-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-amides, N-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-ureas, and 1,2,3-triazolyl derivatives belong to the most potent classes of antidiabetic agents. In order to indicate which of the compounds presented in the given sections have the best inhibitory properties, a list of the best inhibitors is presented at the end of each section. In summary, the best inhibitors were selected from each of the summarizing figures and the results of the ranking were placed. In this way, the reader can learn about the structure of the compounds having the best antidiabetic activity. The compounds, whose synthesis was described in the article but did not appear on the figures presenting the structures of the most active inhibitors, did not show proper activity as inhibitors. Thus, the article also presents studies that have not yielded the desired results and show directions of research that should not be followed. In order to show the directions of the latest research, articles from 2018 to 2019 are described in a separate Sect. 5. In Sect. 6, biological mechanisms of action of the glycosides and patents of marketed drugs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Pałasz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Cież
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartosz Trzewik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Miszczak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Tynor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Bazan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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4
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Abstract
Abstract
Glycomimetics are compounds that resemble carbohydrate molecules in their chemical structure and/or biological effect. A large variety of compounds can be designed and synthesized to get glycomimetics, however, C-glycosyl derivatives represent one of the most frequently studied subgroup. In the present survey syntheses of a range of five- and six membered C-glycopyranosyl heterocycles, anhydro-aldimine type compounds, exo-glycals, C-glycosyl styrenes, carbon-sulfur bonded oligosaccharide mimics are described. Some of the C-glycopyranosyl azoles, namely 1,2,4-triazoles and imidazoles belong to the most efficient glucose analog inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase known to date. Biological studies revealed the therapeutical potential of such inhibitors. Other synthetic derivatives offer versatile possibilities to get further glycomimetics.
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5
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Pankrat’eva VE, Sharonova TV, Tarasenko MV, Baikov SV, Kofanov ER. One-Pot Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles Using Catalytic System NaOH‒DMSO. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428018080213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Thermostable alpha-glucan phosphorylases: characteristics and industrial applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8187-8202. [PMID: 30043268 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucan phosphorylases (α-GPs) catalyze the reversible phosphorolysis of α-1,4-linked polysaccharides such as glycogen, starch, and maltodextrins, therefore playing a central role in the usage of storage polysaccharides. The discovery of these enzymes and their role in the course of catalytic conversion of glycogen was rewarded with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947. Nowadays, however, thermostable representatives attract special attention due to their vast potential in the enzymatic production of diverse carbohydrates and derivatives such as (functional) oligo- and (non-natural) polysaccharides, artificial starch, glycosides, and nucleotide sugars. One of the most recently explored utilizations of α-GPs is their role in the multi-enzymatic process of energy production stored in carbohydrate biobatteries. Regardless of their use, thermostable α-GPs offer significant advantages and facilitated bioprocess design due to their high operational temperatures. Here, we present an overview and comparison of up-to-date characterized thermostable α-GPs with a special focus on their reported biotechnological applications.
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Swarup HA, Chaithra N, Mantelingu K, Rangappa KS. Green Synthetic Approach for the Construction of 3,5‐Disubstituted 1,2,4‐Oxadiazoles and Ataluren Analogues from Dithioesters Using Water. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan A. Swarup
- Department of Studies in ChemistryUniversity of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysuru-570006 Karnataka India
| | - Nagaraju Chaithra
- Department of Studies in ChemistryUniversity of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysuru-570006 Karnataka India
| | - Kempegowda Mantelingu
- Department of Studies in ChemistryUniversity of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysuru-570006 Karnataka India
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8
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Ella Obame I, Ireddy P, Guisot NES, Nourry A, Saluzzo C, Dujardin G, Dubreuil D, Pipelier M, Guillarme S. Addition of Organozinc Reagents to Glycopyranosyl Cyanides: Access to Keto Ester-C-glycosides or Unsaturated Acyl-C-glycosides. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Idriss Ella Obame
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
| | - Prathap Ireddy
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
| | - Nicolas E. S. Guisot
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
| | - Arnaud Nourry
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
| | - Christine Saluzzo
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
| | - Gilles Dujardin
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
| | - Didier Dubreuil
- CEISAM; Université de Nantes and CNRS UMR 6220; Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; 2, rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
| | - Muriel Pipelier
- CEISAM; Université de Nantes and CNRS UMR 6220; Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; 2, rue de la Houssinière 44322 Nantes cedex 3 France
| | - Stéphane Guillarme
- IMMM; Le Mans Université and CNRS UMR 6283; Faculté des Sciences; Avenue O. Messiaen 72085 Le Mans cedex 9 France
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9
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Szennyes E, Bokor É, Langer P, Gyémánt G, Docsa T, Sipos Á, Somsák L. The first general synthesis of 2-C-(β-d-glycopyranosyl)pyrimidines and their evaluation as inhibitors of some glycoenzymes. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04035d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The first systematic study on the synthesis of 2-C-(β-d-glycopyranosyl)pyrimidines either from amidine A or glycosyl cyanides B and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szennyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - Éva Bokor
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - Peter Langer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Rostock
- Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a
- 18059 Rostock
- Germany
| | - Gyöngyi Gyémánt
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - Tibor Docsa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine
- University of Debrecen
- Egyetem tér 1
- H-4032 Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - Ádám Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine
- University of Debrecen
- Egyetem tér 1
- H-4032 Debrecen
- Hungary
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Debrecen
- Debrecen
- Hungary
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Bokor É, Kyriakis E, Solovou TGA, Koppány C, Kantsadi AL, Szabó KE, Szakács A, Stravodimos GA, Docsa T, Skamnaki VT, Zographos SE, Gergely P, Leonidas DD, Somsák L. Nanomolar Inhibitors of Glycogen Phosphorylase Based on β-d-Glucosaminyl Heterocycles: A Combined Synthetic, Enzyme Kinetic, and Protein Crystallography Study. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9251-9262. [PMID: 28925695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aryl substituted 1-(β-d-glucosaminyl)-1,2,3-triazoles as well as C-β-d-glucosaminyl 1,2,4-triazoles and imidazoles were synthesized and tested as inhibitors against muscle and liver isoforms of glycogen phosphorylase (GP). While the N-β-d-glucosaminyl 1,2,3-triazoles showed weak or no inhibition, the C-β-d-glucosaminyl derivatives had potent activity, and the best inhibitor was the 2-(β-d-glucosaminyl)-4(5)-(2-naphthyl)-imidazole with a Ki value of 143 nM against human liver GPa. An X-ray crystallography study of the rabbit muscle GPb inhibitor complexes revealed structural features of the strong binding and offered an explanation for the differences in inhibitory potency between glucosyl and glucosaminyl derivatives and also for the differences between imidazole and 1,2,4-triazole analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bokor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Efthimios Kyriakis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis , 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Theodora G A Solovou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis , 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Csenge Koppány
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anastassia L Kantsadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis , 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Katalin E Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Szakács
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - George A Stravodimos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis , 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Tibor Docsa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen , Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Vassiliki T Skamnaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis , 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Spyros E Zographos
- Institute of Biology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation , 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Pál Gergely
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen , Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Demetres D Leonidas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis , 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
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Baykov S, Sharonova T, Shetnev A, Rozhkov S, Kalinin S, Smirnov AV. The first one-pot ambient-temperature synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from amidoximes and carboxylic acid esters. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Bokor É, Kun S, Goyard D, Tóth M, Praly JP, Vidal S, Somsák L. C-Glycopyranosyl Arenes and Hetarenes: Synthetic Methods and Bioactivity Focused on Antidiabetic Potential. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1687-1764. [PMID: 28121130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This Review summarizes close to 500 primary publications and surveys published since 2000 about the syntheses and diverse bioactivities of C-glycopyranosyl (het)arenes. A classification of the preparative routes to these synthetic targets according to methodologies and compound categories is provided. Several of these compounds, regardless of their natural or synthetic origin, display antidiabetic properties due to enzyme inhibition (glycogen phosphorylase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) or by inhibiting renal sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). The latter class of synthetic inhibitors, very recently approved as antihyperglycemic drugs, opens new perspectives in the pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes. Various compounds with the C-glycopyranosyl (het)arene motif were subjected to biological studies displaying among others antioxidant, antiviral, antibiotic, antiadhesive, cytotoxic, and glycoenzyme inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Bokor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kun
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| | - David Goyard
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS , 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Marietta Tóth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
| | - Jean-Pierre Praly
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS , 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 and CNRS , 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen , P.O. Box 400, Debrecen H-4002, Hungary
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Metal-involving generation of aminoheterocycles from N-substituted cyanamides: Toward sustainable chemistry (a Minireview). Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Xu J, Nie X, Hong Y, Jiang Y, Wu G, Yin X, Wang C, Wang X. Synthesis of water soluble glycosides of pentacyclic dihydroxytriterpene carboxylic acids as inhibitors of α-glucosidase. Carbohydr Res 2016; 424:42-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Donnier-Maréchal M, Vidal S. Glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors: a patent review (2013 - 2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:199-212. [PMID: 26666989 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2016.1131268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Control of glycemia is crucial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes complications. Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) releases glucose from the liver into the blood stream. Design of potent GP inhibitors is a therapeutic strategy in the context of type 2 diabetes. AREAS COVERED Glucose-based inhibitors have found potential applications since they now reach low nanomolar Ki values. Another set of patents disclose cholic acid/7-aza-indole conjugates for targeted drug delivery to the liver. A series of benzazepinones have also been reported as potent GP inhibitors. In vitro data are reported for GP inhibition but the in vivo biological data at the cellular or animal levels are often missing, even though the literature reported for these molecules is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION A structural analogy between glucose-based GP inhibitors and C-glucosides targeting sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) is intriguing. Cholic acid/7-aza-indole conjugates are promising in vivo drug delivery systems to the liver. Benzazepinones were very recently described and no associated literature is available, making it very difficult to comment at present. While industry has slowed down on GP inhibitors design, academic groups are pursuing investigations and have provided potential drug candidates which will resuscitate the interest for GP, including its potential for targeting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Donnier-Maréchal
- a Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2-Glycochimie, UMR 5246 , CNRS and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- a Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2-Glycochimie, UMR 5246 , CNRS and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne , France
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