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Dugmore TIJ, Clark JH, Bustamante J, Houghton JA, Matharu AS. Valorisation of Biowastes for the Production of Green Materials Using Chemical Methods. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:46. [PMID: 28374283 PMCID: PMC5396386 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
With crude oil reserves dwindling, the hunt for a sustainable alternative feedstock for fuels and materials for our society continues to expand. The biorefinery concept has enjoyed both a surge in popularity and also vocal opposition to the idea of diverting food-grade land and crops for this purpose. The idea of using the inevitable wastes arising from biomass processing, particularly farming and food production, is, therefore, gaining more attention as the feedstock for the biorefinery. For the three main components of biomass-carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins-there are long-established processes for using some of these by-products. However, the recent advances in chemical technologies are expanding both the feedstocks available for processing and the products that be obtained. Herein, this review presents some of the more recent developments in processing these molecules for green materials, as well as case studies that bring these technologies and materials together into final products for applied usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas I J Dugmore
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - James H Clark
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Julen Bustamante
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Joseph A Houghton
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Avtar S Matharu
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
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Xu SC, Zhu SJ, Chen YX, Wang J, Bi LW, Lu YJ, Gu Y, Zhao ZD. Skeletal Rearrangement in the Ritter Reaction of Turpentine: A Novel Synthesis of P-menthane Diamides. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x14859570937712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel skeletal rearrangement in the Ritter reaction was examined which conveniently generated p-menthane diamides from turpentine. A probable reaction mechanism was proposed based on employing thermodynamic analysis. All the products were purified and characterised by 1H NMR, IR, X-ray crystallography and ESI+-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chao Xu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization in Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R. China
| | - Shou-Ji Zhu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiang Chen
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization in Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Wu Bi
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization in Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ju Lu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization in Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R. China
| | - Yan Gu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Dong Zhao
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China, Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Forestry New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, P.R. China
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization in Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, P.R. China
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