1
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Jayanarasimhan A, Pathak RM, Shivapuji AM, Rao L. Tar Formation in Gasification Systems: A Holistic Review of Remediation Approaches and Removal Methods. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:2060-2079. [PMID: 38250394 PMCID: PMC10795124 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Gasification is an advanced thermochemical process that converts carbonaceous feedstock into syngas, a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other gases. However, the presence of tar in syngas, which is composed of higher molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons, poses significant challenges for the downstream utilization of syngas. This Review offers a comprehensive overview of tar from gasification, encompassing gasifier chemistry and configuration that notably impact tar formation during gasification. It explores the concentration and composition of tar in the syngas and the purity of syngas required for the applications. Various tar removal methods are discussed, including mechanical, chemical/catalytic, and plasma technologies. The Review provides insights into the strengths, limitations, and challenges associated with each tar removal method. It also highlights the importance of integrating multiple techniques to enhance the tar removal efficiency and syngas quality. The selection of an appropriate tar removal strategy depends on factors such as tar composition, gasifier operating and design factors, economic considerations, and the extent of purity required at the downstream application. Future research should focus on developing cleaning strategies that consume less energy and cause a smaller environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ram Mohan Pathak
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Anand M. Shivapuji
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Lakshminarayana Rao
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560012, India
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2
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Enhancing the catalytic desulfurization capacity of CuO-LaCoO3 using two dielectric barrier discharge configurations. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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3
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Son YS, Kim J, Choi IY, Kim JC. Decomposition of n-hexane using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2067-2076. [PMID: 31696781 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1690586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the decomposition characteristics of n-hexane by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. In order to accomplish this, the factors influencing these decomposition characteristics such as background gases (air, N2, and He), residence time (1-10 s), initial n-hexane concentration (10-50 ppm), relative humidity (2.5%, 40%, and 70%), and power (50-80 W) were evaluated. As a result, the decomposition efficiency of n-hexane at N2 atmosphere was found to be lower than those at air and He atmosphere. The removal efficiency of n-hexane was increased when the residence time, relative humidity, and power increased, and when the initial concentration decreased. The concentrations of CO, CO2, and aerosol increased as the specific energy density increased. However, the O3 level increased up to a certain point, then decreased. Various hydrocarbons such as acetone, pentanal, nonanal, etc. were also detected as by-products and their decomposition and recombination pathways were suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Suk Son
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Young Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jo-Chun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Influence of Operation Conditions on the Performance of Non-thermal Plasma Technology for VOC Pollution Control. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Ning Z, Jiang L, Wang Z, Huang R, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Ning P. Non-thermal plasma-enhanced low-temperature catalytic desulfurization of electrolytic aluminum flue gas by CuO-ZrSnO 4: experimental and numerical analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39474-39489. [PMID: 32651792 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic desulfurization is favored for its ability to desulfurize low concentrations of SO2 by generating sulfur without the need for flue gas conditioning or additives. Maintaining reaction efficiency at a low temperature would justify the industrial scale use of this method. To that end, in this study, we modified a previously reported highly efficient CuO-ZrSnO4 catalyst and investigated its desulfurization performance. The non-thermal plasma (NTP) method was used to enhance the low-temperature efficiency of the catalyst. The desulfurization rate was significantly improved without generating excess heat or by-products in the low-output mode of post-plasma-catalysis-type (PPC-type) dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). In addition, we studied the physicochemical properties of the catalyst (pore structure, physical structure, morphology, electronic properties, and chemical state) under plasma enhancement conditions. The catalyst loaded with 20 wt% Cu and aged at 40 °C exhibited optimum desulfurization performance. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the analysis of plasma-enhanced catalytic desulfurization under low-temperature conditions. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Ning
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Cuihubei Road 2, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Lianshuang Jiang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Cuihubei Road 2, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Zeyue Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Cuihubei Road 2, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Rui Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Cuihubei Road 2, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Cuihubei Road 2, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Qiulin Zhang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingmingnan Road 727, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Ping Ning
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingmingnan Road 727, Kunming, 650000, China.
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6
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Yao S, Chen Z, Xie H, Yuan Y, Zhou R, Xu B, Chen J, Wu X, Wu Z, Jiang B, Tang X, Lu H, Nozaki T, Kim HH. Highly efficient decomposition of toluene using a high-temperature plasma-catalysis reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125863. [PMID: 31972485 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-catalysis technologies (PCTs) have the potential to control the emissions of volatile organic compounds, although their low-energy efficiency is a bottleneck for their practical applications. A plasma-catalyst reactor filled with a CeO2/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was developed to decompose toluene with a high-energy efficiency enhanced by the elevating reaction temperature. When the reaction temperature was raised from 50 °C to 250 °C, toluene conversion dramatically increased from 45.3% to 95.5% and the energy efficiency increased from 53.5 g/kWh to 113.0 g/kWh. Conversely, the toluene conversion using a thermal catalysis technology (TCT) exhibited a maximum of 16.7%. The activation energy of toluene decomposition using PCTs is 14.0 kJ/mol, which is far lower than those of toluene decomposition using TCTs, which implies that toluene decomposition using PCT differs from that using TCT. The experimental results revealed that the Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio decreased and Oads/Olatt ratio increased after the 40-h evaluation experiment, suggesting that CeO2 promoted the formation of the reactive oxygen species that is beneficial for toluene decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiliang Yao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu, 213164, China.
| | - Zhizong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Han Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Yuchen Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Ruowen Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Bingqing Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Junxia Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Zuliang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China; School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Jiangsu, 213164, China.
| | - Boqiong Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Xiujuan Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Tomohiro Nozaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hyun-Ha Kim
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8560, Japan
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7
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Du C, Gong X, Lin Y. Decomposition of volatile organic compounds using corona discharge plasma technology. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2019; 69:879-899. [PMID: 30767716 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2019.1582441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the application of corona plasma technology as a tool in treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The review introduces the principle of corona discharge and describes the characteristics of plasma, especially of various corona plasma reactors. By summarizing the main features of such reactors, this paper provides a brief background to different power sources and reactor configurations and their application to VOC treatment design. Considering chlorinated compounds, benzene series and sulfur compounds, this paper reveals the probable mechanism of corona plasma in VOC degradation. Additionally, the effects of numerous technical parameters - such as reactor structure, shape and materials of electrodes, and humidity - are analyzed comprehensively. Product distribution, energy efficiency and economic benefits are invoked as factors to evaluate the performance of VOC degradation. Finally, the practical application of corona plasma and its advantages are briefly introduced. The review aims to illustrate the enormous potential of corona plasma technology in the treatment of VOCs, and identifies future directions. Implications: This paper comprehensively describes the principle, characteristics, research progress and engineering application examples of the degradation of volatile organics by corona discharge plasma, to provide a theoretical basis for the industrial application of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Du
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
- b Taizhou Institute of Zhejiang University , Taizhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjie Gong
- a Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Lin
- c Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Division, Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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8
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Chen L, Ondarts M, Outin J, Gonthier Y, Gonze E. Catalytic decomposition performance for O 3 and NO 2 in humid indoor air on a MnO x/Al 2O 3 catalyst modified by a cost-effective chemical grafting method. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 74:58-70. [PMID: 30340675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Processes based on non-thermal plasma (NTP) for indoor air treatment inevitably lead to the formation of toxic by-products such as ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Adding a step of heterogeneous catalysis in series with NTP could allow for the decomposition of the by-products. Therefore, different catalysts were developed based on transition metal oxides, such as NiOx, CoOx and MnOx with different weight percentage 1, 5 and 10wt.%, deposited on a γ-Al2O3 support. The O3 removal efficiency (ORE) and the NOx removal efficiency (NRE) were very encouraging in dry air: about 65% and 80%, respectively, by using 2g 5wt.% MnOx/Al2O3 catalyst under the experimental conditions. However, strongly negative effects of relative humidity (RH) on the catalytic decomposition performance were observed. To overcome this limitation, the catalyst surface was modified to make it hydrophobic using a cost-effective chemical grafting method. This treatment consisted in impregnating the 5wt.% MnOx/Al2O3 catalyst with different trichloro(alkyl)silanes (TCAS). The effects of different linker lengths and amounts of TCAS for the hydrophobicity and the decomposition performance of surface-modified catalysts under humid conditions were investigated. Our results show that the surface-modified catalyst with the shortest linker and 0.25mmol/gcat of modifying agent represents the best catalytic decomposition performance for O3. Its ORE is 41% at 60% RH, which is twice that of the non-modified catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwen Chen
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), 73000 Chambéry, France.
| | - Michel Ondarts
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), 73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Jonathan Outin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), 73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Yves Gonthier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), 73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Evelyne Gonze
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Optimisation de la Conception et Ingénierie de l'Environnement (LOCIE), 73000 Chambéry, France
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9
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Li X, Li J, Shi Y, Zhang M, Fan S, Yin Z, Qin M, Lian T, Li X. Rational design of cobalt and nitrogen co-doped carbon hollow frameworks for efficient photocatalytic degradation of gaseous toluene. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 528:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Ye Z, Veerapandian SKP, Onyshchenko I, Nikiforov A, De Geyter N, Giraudon JM, Lamonier JF, Morent R. An in-Depth Investigation of Toluene Decomposition with a Glass Beads-Packed Bed Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Ye
- Université
Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université Artois, UMR
8181, UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
- Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
Department of Applied Physics, Research Unit Plasma Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Savita K. P. Veerapandian
- Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
Department of Applied Physics, Research Unit Plasma Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Iuliia Onyshchenko
- Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
Department of Applied Physics, Research Unit Plasma Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
Department of Applied Physics, Research Unit Plasma Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
Department of Applied Physics, Research Unit Plasma Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marc Giraudon
- Université
Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université Artois, UMR
8181, UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Jean-François Lamonier
- Université
Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université Artois, UMR
8181, UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Rino Morent
- Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture,
Department of Applied Physics, Research Unit Plasma Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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11
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Shiau CH, Pan KL, Yu SJ, Yan SY, Chang MB. Desorption of isopropyl alcohol from adsorbent with non-thermal plasma. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2314-2323. [PMID: 27830998 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1259354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Effective desorption of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) from adsorbents with non-thermal plasma is developed. In this system, IPA is effectively adsorbed with activated carbon while dielectric barrier discharge is applied to replace the conventional thermal desorption process to achieve good desorption efficiency, making the treatment equipment smaller in size. Various adsorbents including molecular sieves and activated carbon are evaluated for IPA adsorption capacity. The results indicate that BAC has the highest IPA adsorption capacity (280.31 mg IPA/g) under the operating conditions of room temperature, IPA of 400 ppm, and residence time of 0.283 s among 5 adsorbents tested. For the plasma desorption process, the IPA selectivity of 89% is achieved with BAC as N2 is used as desorbing gas. In addition, as air or O2 is used as desorbing gas, the IPA desorption concentration is reduced, because air and O2 plasmas generate active species to oxidize IPA to form acetone, CO2, and even CO. Furthermore, the results of the durability test indicate that the amount of IPA desorbed increases with increasing desorption times and plasma desorption process has a higher energy efficiency if compared with thermal desorption. Overall, this study indicates that non-thermal plasma is a viable process for removing VOCs to regenerate adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Han Shiau
- a Graduate Institute of Environment Engineering, National Central University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Kuan Lun Pan
- a Graduate Institute of Environment Engineering, National Central University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Sheng Jen Yu
- b Industrial Technology Research Institute , Hsinchu , Taiwan
| | - Shaw Yi Yan
- b Industrial Technology Research Institute , Hsinchu , Taiwan
| | - Moo Been Chang
- a Graduate Institute of Environment Engineering, National Central University , Taoyuan , Taiwan
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12
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Ghorbani Shahna F, Bahrami A, Alimohammadi I, Yarahmadi R, Jaleh B, Gandomi M, Ebrahimi H, Ad-Din Abedi K. Chlorobenzene degeradation by non-thermal plasma combined with EG-TiO 2/ZnO as a photocatalyst: Effect of photocatalyst on CO 2 selectivity and byproducts reduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 324:544-553. [PMID: 27887812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The non-thermal plasma (NTP) technique, which suffers from low selectivity in complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds to CO2 and H2O, creates unwanted and harmful byproducts. NTP in concert with photocatalyst can resolve this limitation due to additional oxidation. TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles were coated on the surface of the expanded graphite and placed downstream of the NTP reactor under UV light. In this study, to compare the performance of NTP and the combined system, chlorobenzene removal, selectivity of CO2 and byproducts formation were investigated. The results showed that the combined system enhanced both the removal efficiency and CO2 selectivity. The output gas of the NTP reactor contained chlorobenzene, phosgene, O3, NO, NO2, CO, CO2, HCL and CL. The bulk of these byproducts was oxidized on the surface of the nanocomposite; as a result, the content of the byproducts in the output gas of the combined system decreased dramatically. The removal efficiency and CO2 selectivity increased by rising the applied voltage and residence time because the collision between active species and pollutant molecules increases. Based on these results, the combined system is preferred due to a higher performance and lower formation of harmful byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Ghorbani Shahna
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health and Research Center for Health Science, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdulrahman Bahrami
- Center of Excellence for Occupational Health and Research Center for Health Science, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Alimohammadi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassuol Yarahmadi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Jaleh
- Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mastaneh Gandomi
- Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hossein Ebrahimi
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamal Ad-Din Abedi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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13
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Ondarts M, Hajji W, Outin J, Bejat T, Gonze E. Non-Thermal Plasma for indoor air treatment: Toluene degradation in a corona discharge at ppbv levels. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Xiao G, Xu W, Luo Z, Pang H. Characteristics of toluene decomposition and adsorbent regeneration based on electrically conductive charcoal particle-triggered discharge. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07349f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrically conductive charcoal particle-triggered discharge facilitates the desorption of adsorbed toluene and also decomposes ∼60% of the adsorbed toluene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Weiping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhongyang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Hua Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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15
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Trinh QH, Mok YS. Effect of the adsorbent/catalyst preparation method and plasma reactor configuration on the removal of dilute ethylene from air stream. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Zhang F, Li X, Zhao Q, Zhang Q, Tadé M, Liu S. Fabrication of α-Fe 2 O 3 /In 2 O 3 composite hollow microspheres: A novel hybrid photocatalyst for toluene degradation under visible light. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 457:18-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Pangilinan CDC, Kurniawan W, Salim C, Hinode H. Effect of Ag/TiO2 catalyst preparation on gas-phase benzene decomposition using non-thermal plasma driven catalysis under oxygen plasma. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-015-0920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Non-Thermal Plasma Combined with Cordierite-Supported Mn and Fe Based Catalysts for the Decomposition of Diethylether. Catalysts 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/catal5020800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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19
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Lu M, Huang R, Wu J, Fu M, Chen L, Ye D. On the performance and mechanisms of toluene removal by FeOx/SBA-15-assisted non-thermal plasma at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Catal Today 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Guo Y, Liao X, Fu M, Huang H, Ye D. Toluene decomposition performance and NOx by-product formation during a DBD-catalyst process. J Environ Sci (China) 2015; 28:187-194. [PMID: 25662254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Characteristics of toluene decomposition and formation of nitrogen oxide (NOx) by-products were investigated in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor with/without catalyst at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Four kinds of metal oxides, i.e., manganese oxide (MnOx), iron oxide (FeOx), cobalt oxide (CoOx) and copper oxide (CuO), supported on Al2O3/nickel foam, were used as catalysts. It was found that introducing catalysts could improve toluene removal efficiency, promote decomposition of by-product ozone and enhance CO2 selectivity. In addition, NOx was suppressed with the decrease of specific energy density (SED) and the increase of humidity, gas flow rate and toluene concentration, or catalyst introduction. Among the four kinds of catalysts, the CuO catalyst showed the best performance in NOx suppression. The MnOx catalyst exhibited the lowest concentration of O3 and highest CO2 selectivity but the highest concentration of NOx. A possible pathway for NOx production in DBD was discussed. The contributions of oxygen active species and hydroxyl radicals are dominant in NOx suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaobin Liao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingli Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haibao Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Daiqi Ye
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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21
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Removal of trimethylamine and isovaleric acid from gas streams in a continuous flow surface discharge plasma reactor. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Liu B, Li X, Zhao Q, Ke J, Liu J, Liu S, Tadé M. Photocatalytic degradation of gaseous toluene with multiphase Ti x Zr 1− x O 2 synthesized via co-precipitation route. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 438:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Abatement of 3-methylbutanal and trimethylamine with combined plasma and photocatalysis in a continuous planar reactor. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Ye Z, Zhao J, Huang HY, Ma F, Zhang R. Decomposition of dimethylamine gas with dielectric barrier discharge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 260:32-39. [PMID: 23742954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition of dimethylamine (DMA) with gas under high flow rate was investigated with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technology. Different parameters including removal efficiency, energy yield, carbon balance and CO2 selectivity, secondary products, as well as pathways and mechanisms of DMA degradation were studied. The experimental results showed that removal efficiency of DMA depended on applied voltage and gas flow rate, but had no obvious correlation with initial concentration. Excellent energy performance was obtained using present DBD technology for DMA abatement. When experiment conditions were controlled at: gas flow rate of 14.9 m(3)/h, initial concentration of 2104 mg/m(3), applied voltage of 4.8 kV, removal efficiency of DMA and energy yield can reach 85.2% and 953.9 g/kWh, respectively. However, carbon balance (around 40%) was not ideal due to shorter residence time (about 0.1s), implying that some additional conditions should be considered to improve the total oxidation of DMA. Moreover, secondary products in outlet gas stream were detected via gas chromatogram-mass spectrum and the amounts of NO3(-) and NO2(-) were analyzed by ion chromatogram. The obtained data demonstrated that NOx might be suppressed due to reductive NH radical form DMA dissociation. The likely reaction pathways and mechanisms for the removal of DMA were suggested based on products analysis. Experimental results demonstrated the application potential of DBD as a clean technology for organic nitrogen-containing gas elimination from gas streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolian Ye
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, 213001, PR China.
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25
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Yu S, Liang Y, Sun S, Zhang K, Zhang J, Fang J. Vehicle exhaust gas clearance by low temperature plasma-driven nano-titanium dioxide film prepared by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59974. [PMID: 23560062 PMCID: PMC3616156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel plasma-driven catalysis (PDC) reactor with special structure was proposed to remove vehicle exhaust gas. The PDC reactor which consisted of three quartz tubes and two copper electrodes was a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The inner and outer electrodes firmly surrounded the outer surface of the corresponding dielectric barrier layer in a spiral way, respectively. Nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) film prepared by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering was coated on the outer wall of the middle quartz tube, separating the catalyst from the high voltage electrode. The spiral electrodes were designed to avoid overheating of microdischarges inside the PDC reactor. Continuous operation tests indicated that stable performance without deterioration of catalytic activity could last for more than 25 h. To verify the effectiveness of the PDC reactor, a non-thermal plasma(NTP) reactor was employed, which has the same structure as the PDC reactor but without the catalyst. The real vehicle exhaust gas was introduced into the PDC reactor and NTP reactor, respectively. After the treatment, compared with the result from NTP, the concentration of HC in the vehicle exhaust gas treated by PDC reactor reduced far more obviously while that of NO decreased only a little. Moreover, this result was explained through optical emission spectrum. The O emission lines can be observed between 870 nm and 960 nm for wavelength in PDC reactor. Together with previous studies, it could be hypothesized that O derived from catalytically O3 destruction by catalyst might make a significant contribution to the much higher HC removal efficiency by PDC reactor. A series of complex chemical reactions caused by the multi-components mixture in real vehicle exhaust reduced NO removal efficiency. A controllable system with a real-time feedback module for the PDC reactor was proposed to further improve the ability of removing real vehicle exhaust gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongdong Liang
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Sun
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jing Fang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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26
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Ye L, Feng F, Liu J, Liu Z, Yan K. Plasma induced toluene decomposition on alumina-supported Mn-based composite oxides catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/418/1/012116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Sun Y, Zhou L, Zhang L, Sui H. Synergistic effects of non-thermal plasma-assisted catalyst and ultrasound on toluene removal. J Environ Sci (China) 2012; 24:891-896. [PMID: 22893967 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(11)60842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A wire-mesh catalyst coated by La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 was combined with a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor for toluene removal at atmospheric pressure. It was found that toluene removal efficiency and carbon dioxide selectivity were enhanced in the catalytic packed-bed reactor. In addition, ozone and nitrogen monoxide from the gas effluent byproducts decreased. This is the first time that ultrasound combined with plasma has been used for toluene removal. A synergistic effect on toluene removal was observed in the plasma-assisted ultrasound system. At the same time, the system increased toluene conversion and reduced ozone emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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28
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Vandenbroucke AM, Morent R, De Geyter N, Leys C. Non-thermal plasmas for non-catalytic and catalytic VOC abatement. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 195:30-54. [PMID: 21924828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews recent achievements and the current status of non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology for the abatement of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Many reactor configurations have been developed to generate a NTP at atmospheric pressure. Therefore in this review article, the principles of generating NTPs are outlined. Further on, this paper is divided in two equally important parts: plasma-alone and plasma-catalytic systems. Combination of NTP with heterogeneous catalysis has attracted increased attention in order to overcome the weaknesses of plasma-alone systems. An overview is given of the present understanding of the mechanisms involved in plasma-catalytic processes. In both parts (plasma-alone systems and plasma-catalysis), literature on the abatement of VOCs is reviewed in close detail. Special attention is given to the influence of critical process parameters on the removal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne M Vandenbroucke
- Research Unit Plasma Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Ghent University, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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30
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Guo Y, Liao X, He J, Ou W, Ye D. Effect of manganese oxide catalyst on the dielectric barrier discharge decomposition of toluene. Catal Today 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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31
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Schiorlin M, Marotta E, Rea M, Paradisi C. Comparison of toluene removal in air at atmospheric conditions by different corona discharges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:9386-9392. [PMID: 20000533 DOI: 10.1021/es9021816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Different types of corona discharges, produced by DC of either polarity (+/-DC) and positive pulsed (+pulsed) high voltages, were applied to the removal of toluene via oxidation in air at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Mechanistic insight was obtained through comparison of the three different corona regimes with regard to process efficiency, products, response to the presence of humidity and, for DC coronas, current/voltage characteristics coupled with ion analysis. Process efficiency increases in the order +DC < -DC < +pulsed, with pulsed processing being remarkably efficient compared to recently reported data for related systems. With -DC, high toluene conversion and product selectivity were achieved, CO(2) and CO accounting for about 90% of all reacted carbon. Ion analysis, performed by APCI-MS (Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Mass Spectrometry), provides a powerful rationale for interpreting current/voltage characteristics of DC coronas. All experimental findings are consistent with the proposal that in the case of +DC corona toluene oxidation is initiated by reactions with ions (O(2)(+*), H(3)O(+) and their hydrates, NO(+)) both in dry as well as in humid air. In contrast, with -DC no evidence is found for any significant reaction of toluene with negative ions. It is also concluded that in humid air OH radicals are involved in the initial stage of toluene oxidation induced both by -DC and +pulsed corona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milko Schiorlin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Universita di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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32
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Fan X, Zhu TL, Wang MY, Li XM. Removal of low-concentration BTX in air using a combined plasma catalysis system. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 75:1301-1306. [PMID: 19375149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of non-thermal plasma (NTP) and combined plasma catalysis (CPC) was investigated for removal of low-concentration benzene, toluene and p-xylene (BTX mixture) in air using a link tooth wheel-cylinder plasma reactor. Combining NTP with MnO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalyst after the discharge zone (CPC) significantly promoted BTX conversion and improved the energy efficiency. For a specific input energy (SIE) of 10 JL(-1), the conversion of benzene, toluene and p-xylene reached 94%, 97% and 95%, respectively. The introduction of MnO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalyst also moved the BTX conversion towards total oxidation and reduced the emission of O(3) and NO(2) as compared to NTP alone. For an SIE of 10 JL(-1), the O(3) outlet concentration decreased from 46.7 for NTP alone to 1.9 ppm for CPC, while the NO(2) emission correspondingly decreased from 1380 to 40 ppb.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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