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Silva JE, Deus Junior JO, Calixto GQ, Melo DMA, Melo MAF, Júnior VCB, Chagas BME, Medeiros EP, Braga RM. Colored cotton crop wastes valorization through pyrolysis: a study of energetic characterization and analytical Py-GC/MS. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9359. [PMID: 38654068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to study different parts of colored cotton waste through energetic characterization and analytical flash pyrolysis. Stalks and bolls of BRS cotton cultivars from Sementes do Brasil (Green, Ruby, Topaz and Jade) were studied, using white cotton (BRS 286) as a comparison. The energetic potential of biomass was evaluated by bulk density, High Heating Value (HHV), proximate and ultimate analysis, compositional and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Pyrolysis was performed in a micro-pyrolyzer and the products were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS). The results indicated a significant energetic potential, suggesting that can be used as an alternative energy source for thermochemical processes. The results of conventional pyrolysis indicated the presence of oxygenated compounds of different organic groups: aldehydes, ketones, phenols, furans and ethers, characteristic of the decomposition of lignocellulosic materials. Light organic acids in the C1-C4 range stood out the most, followed by phenols that appeared in a considerable proportion. Finally, it is concluded that the energy potential and pyrolysis products of the different parts (stalks and bolls) of colored cotton waste can be used to generate bioenergy and various chemical compounds of plant origin from green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janduir E Silva
- Centro de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, CEP: 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Joemil O Deus Junior
- Centro de Tecnologia, Dep Eng. Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, CEP: 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Q Calixto
- Centro de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, CEP: 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Dulce M A Melo
- Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, CEP: 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Marcus A F Melo
- Centro de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, CEP: 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Vital C B Júnior
- Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN, CEP: 59280-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna M E Chagas
- Centro de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, CEP: 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Everaldo P Medeiros
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Campina Grande, PB, CEP: 58428-095, Brazil
| | - Renata M Braga
- Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Macaíba, RN, CEP: 59280-000, Brazil
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Hameed HN, raja shahruzzaman RMH, Arifin NA, Tan ES, ALI SALMIATONBINTI, Shamsuddin AH. Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Blended Biomass - Plastic Mixture Using Synthesized Metal Oxide(Mo)-Dolomite Based Catalyst. SSRN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4137898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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3
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Pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse for bio-chemicals production catalyzed by micro-mesoporous composite molecular sieves. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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4
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Yeardley A, Bagnato G, Sanna A. Effect of Ceria Addition to Na 2O-ZrO 2 Catalytic Mixtures on Lignin Waste Ex-Situ Pyrolysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040827. [PMID: 33562554 PMCID: PMC7915913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste lignin is a potential source of renewable fuels and other chemical precursors under catalytic pyrolysis. For this purpose, four mixed metal oxide catalytic mixtures (Cat) derived from Na2CO3, CeO2 and ZrO2 were synthesised in varying compositions and utilised in a fixed bed reactor for catalytic vapour upgrading of Etek lignin pyrolysis products at 600 °C. The catalytic mixtures were analysed and characterised using XRD analysis, whilst pyrolysis products were analysed for distribution of products using FTIR, GC-MS and EA. Substantial phenolic content (20 wt%) was obtained when using equimolar catalytic mixture A (Cat_A), however the majority of these phenols were guaiacol derivatives, suggesting the catalytic mixture employed did not favour deep demethoxylation. Despite this, addition of 40–50% ceria to NaZrO2 resulted in a remarkable reduction of coke to 4 wt%, compared to ~9 wt% of NaZrO2. CeO2 content higher than 50% favoured the increase in conversion of the holo-cellulose fraction, enriching the bio-oil in aldehydes, ketones and cyclopentanones. Of the catalytic mixtures studied, equimolar metal oxides content (Cat_A) appears to showcase the optimal characteristics for phenolics production and coking reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Yeardley
- Advanced Biofuels Lab, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK;
| | - Giuseppe Bagnato
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, 39-123 Stranmillis Rd, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK;
| | - Aimaro Sanna
- Advanced Biofuels Lab, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Hydrocarbon Production from Catalytic Pyrolysis-GC/MS of Sacha Inchi Residues Using SBA-15 Derived from Coal Fly Ash. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) residues were used as biomass feedstocks in catalytic upgrading pyrolysis with SBA-15, which is a substance synthesized from coal fly ash (CFA), using alkali fusion, followed by hydrothermal treatment (SBA-15-FA). The catalytic activity of fly ash-derived SBA-15 was investigated through the fast pyrolysis of Sacha inchi residues for upgrading the pyrolysis vapors using the analytical pyrolysis-GC/MS (Py-GC/MS) technique. The pyrolysis temperature was set at 500 °C and held for 30 s while maintaining the Sacha inchi residues to catalyst ratios of 1:0, 1:1, 1:5, and 1:10. In addition, the SBA-15s synthesized from chemical reagent and commercial SBA-15 were evaluated for comparison. The non-catalytic fast pyrolysis of Sacha inchi (SI) mainly consisted of fatty acids (46%), including chiefly linoleic acid (C18:2). Other compounds present were hydrocarbon (26%) and nitrogen-containing compounds (8.7%), esters (9.0%), alcohols (6.4%), and furans (3.6%). The study results suggested that the SBA-15-FA showcased a high ability to improve aliphatic selectivity (mainly C5–C20) and was found to be almost 80% at the biomass to catalyst ratio of 1:5. Moreover, the increase in catalyst contents affected the enhancement of hydrocarbons yields and tended to promote the deoxygenation reaction. Interestingly, the catalytic performance of SBA-15 derived from fly ash could be compared to that of the commercial SBA-15 in terms of producing hydrocarbon compounds as well as reducing oxygenated compounds.
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Shafaghat H, Lee HW, Yang L, Oh D, Jung SC, Rhee GH, Jae J, Park YK. Catalytic co-conversion of Kraft lignin and linear low-density polyethylene over mesoZSM-5 and Al-SBA-15 catalysts. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Chen L, Ma X, Tang F, Li Y, Yu Z, Chen X. Comparison of catalytic effect on upgrading bio-oil derived from co-pyrolysis of water hyacinth and scrap tire over multilamellar MFI nanosheets and HZSM-5. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 312:123592. [PMID: 32531734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic co-pyrolysis of water hyacinth and scrap tire experiments were performed to evaluate the feasibility of improving the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons production. The production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons increased from 5.31% (sole pyrolysis of water hyacinth) to 13.11% (co-pyrolysis with scrap tire). With use of zeolites, the highest production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can reach up to 69.18%. Comprehensive comparison on catalytic effects of HZSM-5 and multilamellar MFI nanosheets were provided. With the material to multilamellar MFI nanosheets ratios changes from 2:1 to 1:4, the production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons increases significantly from 37.15-69.18%. The average production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced by using multilamellar MFI nanosheets were 12.07% higher than that using HZSM-5, indicating the better performance of multilamellar MFI nanosheets in producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This work provided a reference for the reuse of water hyacinth and scrap tire over multilamellar MFI nanosheets in energy field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyao Chen
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Fangfang Tang
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhaosheng Yu
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinfei Chen
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Energy Utilization, School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, No. 381, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China
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A Study of the Mechanisms of Guaiacol Pyrolysis Based on Free Radicals Detection Technology. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the reaction mechanism of lignin pyrolysis, the pyrolysis process of guaiacol (o-methoxyphenol) as a lignin model compound was studied by free radical detection technology (electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR) in this paper. It was proven that the pyrolysis reaction of guaiacol is a free radical reaction, and the free radicals which can be detected mainly by EPR are methyl radicals. This paper proposes a process in which four free radicals (radicals 1- C6H4(OH)O*, radicals 5- C6H4(OCH3)O*, methyl radicals, and hydrogen radicals) are continuously rearranged during the pyrolysis of guaiacol.
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Study on the Product Characteristics of Pyrolysis Lignin with Calcium Salt Additives. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12101609. [PMID: 31100820 PMCID: PMC6567069 DOI: 10.3390/ma12101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated and compared the product characteristics of pyrolysis lignin under different catalytic effects resulting from various calcium salts. The pyrolysis of lignin was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor with calcium salt additives, which included CaCl2, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(HCOO)2. The compositions of gas and bio-oil were detected using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The characterizations of chars were examined using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that all three types of calcium salts helped to promote bio-oil yield and inhibit gas and char from forming. Regarding the composition of gas products, calcium salt additives increased the concentrations of H2 and CH4 while decreasing the concentration of CO. In addition, calcium salt additives facilitated the formation of phenol and alkyl-phenols in bio-oil, but reduced the yields of guaiacol and vanillin, in the order CaCl2 < Ca(OH)2 < Ca(HCOO)2. Furthermore, when compared with the addition of CaCl2, the chars prepared by the addition of Ca(OH)2 and Ca(HCOO)2 had relatively higher BET surface areas. In conclusion, Ca(HCOO)2 had the greatest positive influence in regard to the product quality of lignin pyrolysis whilst also elevating the yield of value-added chemicals in bio-oils.
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Catalytic Co-Pyrolysis of Kraft Lignin with Refuse-Derived Fuels Using Ni-Loaded ZSM-5 Type Catalysts. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8110506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic co-pyrolysis (CCP) of Kraft lignin (KL) with refuse-derived fuels (RDF) over HZSM-5, Ni/HZSM-5, and NiDHZSM-5 (Ni/desilicated HZSM-5) was carried out using pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to determine the effects of the nickel loading, desilication of HZSM-5, and co-pyrolysis of KL with RDF. The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area, X-ray diffraction, and NH3-temperature programed desorption. The nickel-impregnated catalyst improved the catalytic upgrading efficiency and increased the aromatic hydrocarbon production. Compared to KL, the catalytic pyrolysis of RDF produced larger amounts of aromatic hydrocarbons due to the higher H/Ceff ratio. The CCP of KL with RDF enhanced the production of aromatic hydrocarbons by the synergistic effect of hydrogen rich feedstock co-feeding. In particular, Ni/DHZSM-5 showed higher aromatic hydrocarbon formation owing to its higher acidity and mesoporosity.
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Ding K, Zhong Z, Wang J, Zhang B, Fan L, Liu S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhong D, Chen P, Ruan R. Improving hydrocarbon yield from catalytic fast co-pyrolysis of hemicellulose and plastic in the dual-catalyst bed of CaO and HZSM-5. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 261:86-92. [PMID: 29654998 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The high concentration of oxygenated compounds in pyrolytic products prohibits the conversion of hemicellulose to important biofuels and chemicals via fast pyrolysis. Herein a dual-catalyst bed of CaO and HZSM-5 was developed to convert acids in the pyrolytic products of xylan to valuable hydrocarbons. Meanwhile, LLDPE was co-pyrolyzed with xylan to supplement hydrogen during the catalysis of HZSM-5. The results showed that CaO could effectively transform acids into ketones. A minimum yield of acids (2.74%) and a maximum yield of ketones (42.93%) were obtained at a catalyst to feedstock ratio of 2:1. The dual-catalyst bed dramatically increased the yield of aromatics. Moreover, hydrogen-rich fragments derived from LLDPE promoted the Diels-Alder reactions of furans and participated in the hydrocarbon pool reactions of non-furanic compounds. As a result, a higher yield of hydrocarbons was achieved. This study provides a fundamental for recovering energy and chemicals from pyrolysis of hemicellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Ding
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Zhaoping Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Liangliang Fan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Yunpu Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Daoxu Zhong
- Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, China
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Roger Ruan
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Machado MA, He S, Davies TE, Seshan K, Teixeira da Silva V. Renewable fuel production from hydropyrolysis of residual biomass using molybdenum carbide-based catalysts: An analytical Py-GC/MS investigation. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Weng JJ, Liu YX, Zhu YN, Pan Y, Tian ZY. Online study on the co-pyrolysis of coal and corn with vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:125-131. [PMID: 28779663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to support the experimental tests in a circulating fluidized bed pilot plant, the pyrolysis processes of coal, corn, and coal-corn blend have been studied with an online pyrolysis photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Py-PI-TOFMS). The mass spectra at different temperatures (300-800°C) as well as time-evolved profiles of selected species were measured. The pyrolysis products such as alkanes, alkenes, phenols, aromatics, as well as nitrogen- and sulfur-containing species were detected. As temperature rises, the relative ion intensities of high molecular weight products tend to decrease, while those of aromatics increase significantly. During the co-pyrolysis, coal can promote the reaction temperature of cellulose in corn. Time-evolved profiles demonstrate that coal can affect pyrolysis rate of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin of corn in blend. This work shows that Py-PI-TOFMS is a powerful approach to permit a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Weng
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yue-Xi Liu
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Tian
- Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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16
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Lago V, Briens C, Berruti F. Effect of bed material, lignin content, and origin on the processability of biomass in fast pyrolysis reactors. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lago
- Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR); Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Western Ontario; London ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Cedric Briens
- Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR); Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Western Ontario; London ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Franco Berruti
- Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR); Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Western Ontario; London ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
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17
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Kim YM, Lee HW, Jeon JK, Park SH, Jung SC, Lee IG, Kim S, Park YK. In-Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Xylan and Dealkaline Lignin over SAPO-11. Top Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-017-0769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Chen P, Zhang Q, Shu R, Xu Y, Ma L, Wang T. Catalytic depolymerization of the hydrolyzed lignin over mesoporous catalysts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 226:125-131. [PMID: 27997866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the mesoporous SBA-15 and a series of modified catalysts based on it, such as Al-SBA-15 and Ni/Al-SBA-15, were synthesized and used for eliminating the char formation during the depolymerization of hydrolyzed lignin. The temperature, time and solvent effects on the lignin depolymerization were also investigated. Results showed that the repolymerization was effectively suppressed over SBA-15 due to its well-ordered pore structure and large pore size. The addition of Al and Ni elements in SBA-15 could improve the lignin depolymerization performance and saturate the instable intermediates. Ethanol was found to be more effective in suppressing repolymerization than other solvents. 81.4% liquefaction degree and 21.90wt% monomer yield was achieved, and no obvious char was observed after the depolymerization of hydrolyzed lignin in ethanol solvent at 300°C for 4h over Ni/Al-SBA-15(20) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengru Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Riyang Shu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Longlong Ma
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Tiejun Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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Hassan H, Lim JK, Hameed BH. Recent progress on biomass co-pyrolysis conversion into high-quality bio-oil. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 221:645-655. [PMID: 27671343 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Co-pyrolysis of biomass with abundantly available materials could be an economical method for production of bio-fuels. However, elimination of oxygenated compounds poses a considerable challenge. Catalytic co-pyrolysis is another potential technique for upgrading bio-oils for application as liquid fuels in standard engines. This technique promotes the production of high-quality bio-oil through acid catalyzed reduction of oxygenated compounds and mutagenic polyaromatic hydrocarbons. This work aims to review and summarize research progress on co-pyrolysis and catalytic co-pyrolysis, as well as their benefits on enhancement of bio-oils derived from biomass. This review focuses on the potential of plastic wastes and coal materials as co-feed in co-pyrolysis to produce valuable liquid fuel. This paper also proposes future directions for using this technique to obtain high yields of bio-oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hassan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Malaysia, Permatang Pauh 13500, Penang, Malaysia
| | - J K Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - B H Hameed
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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20
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Kim YM, Kim BS, Chea KS, Jo TS, Kim S, Park YK. Ex-situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Korean Native Oak Tree over Microporous Zeolites. APPLIED CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.14478/ace.2016.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Ex situ catalytic upgrading of lignocellulosic biomass components over vanadium contained H-MCM-41 catalysts. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Aysu T, Durak H, Güner S, Bengü AŞ, Esim N. Bio-oil production via catalytic pyrolysis of Anchusa azurea: Effects of operating conditions on product yields and chromatographic characterization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 205:7-14. [PMID: 26800388 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of Anchusa azurea, a lignocellulosic gramineous plant, was carried out in a tubular, fixed-bed reactor in the presence of four catalysts (Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3, ZnCl2, Al2O3). The influences of pyrolysis parameters such as catalyst and temperature on the yields of products were studied. It was found that higher temperature resulted in lower liquid (bio-oil) and solid (bio-char) yields and higher gas yields. Catalysts effected the yields of products differently and the composition of bio-oils. Liquid yields were increased in the presence of Na2CO3, ZnCl2 and Al2O3 and decreased with Ca(OH)2. The highest bio-oil yield (34.05%) by weight including aqueous phase was produced with Na2CO3 catalyst at 450°C. The yields of products (bio-char, bio-oil and gas) and the compositions of the resulting bio-oils were determined by GC-MS, FT-IR and elemental analysis. GC-MS identified 124 and 164 different compounds in the bio-oils obtained at 350 and 550°C respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tevfik Aysu
- Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Education, Department of Chemistry, Van, Turkey.
| | - Halil Durak
- Yüzüncü Yıl University, Vocational School of Health Services, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Güner
- Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Engineering, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Nevzat Esim
- Bingol University, Vocational High School of Technical Sciences, Bingöl, Turkey
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23
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Zhang J, Choi YS, Shanks BH. Catalytic deoxygenation during cellulose fast pyrolysis using acid–base bifunctional catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy01307d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acid–base bifunctional catalysts gave the highest deoxygenation activity while sacrificing relatively less carbon than the strictly acidic or basic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
| | - Yong S. Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
| | - Brent H. Shanks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Iowa State University
- Ames
- USA
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24
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Chen J, Liu C, Wu S, Liang J, Lei M. Enhancing the quality of bio-oil from catalytic pyrolysis of kraft black liquor lignin. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra18923g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Black liquor is an attractive option for the generation of biofuel and fine chemical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Shubin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Jiajin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- PR China
| | - Ming Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- PR China
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25
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Hu X, Jiang S, Kadarwati S, Dong D, Li CZ. Effects of water and alcohols on the polymerization of furan during its acid-catalyzed conversion into benzofuran. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04745a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Furan has distinct reaction pathways during acid treatment in methanol, water and dimethyl sulfoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Hu
- Fuels and Energy Technology Institute
- Curtin University of Technology
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Shengjuan Jiang
- Fuels and Energy Technology Institute
- Curtin University of Technology
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Sri Kadarwati
- Fuels and Energy Technology Institute
- Curtin University of Technology
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Dehua Dong
- Fuels and Energy Technology Institute
- Curtin University of Technology
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Chun-Zhu Li
- Fuels and Energy Technology Institute
- Curtin University of Technology
- Perth
- Australia
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26
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Grams J, Niewiadomski M, Ruppert AM, Kwapiński W. Catalytic performance of a Ni catalyst supported on CeO2, ZrO2 and CeO2–ZrO2 in the upgrading of cellulose fast pyrolysis vapors. CR CHIM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Hammer NL, Garrido RA, Starcevich J, Coe CG, Satrio JA. Two-Step Pyrolysis Process for Producing High Quality Bio-oils. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Hammer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Rene A. Garrido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - John Starcevich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Charles G. Coe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
| | - Justinus A. Satrio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, United States
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28
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Aysu T. Catalytic pyrolysis of Alcea pallida stems in a fixed-bed reactor for production of liquid bio-fuels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 191:253-262. [PMID: 26000835 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolysis of Alcea pallida stems was performed in a fixed-bed tubular reactor with and without catalyst at three different temperatures. The effects of pyrolysis parameters including temperature and catalyst on the product yields were investigated. It was found that higher temperature resulted in lower liquid (bio-oil) and solid (bio-char) yields and higher gas yields. Catalysts had different effects on product yields and composition of bio-oils. Liquid yields were increased in the presence of zinc chloride and alumina but decreased with calcium hydroxide, tincal and ulexite. The highest bio-oil yield (39.35%) by weight including aqueous phase was produced with alumina catalyst at 500 °C. The yields of bio-char, bio-oil and gas produced, as well as the compositions of the resulting bio-oils were determined by elemental analysis, TGA, FT-IR and GC-MS. 160 different compounds were identified by GC-MS in the bio-oils obtained at 500 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tevfik Aysu
- Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Education, Department of Chemistry, 65080 Van, Turkey.
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29
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Liu X, Dong Y, Yin H, Zhang G. Catalytic effect of MgCl2on cotton stalk pyrolysis for chemical production at low temperature. CAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinliang Liu
- Academy of Science and Technology; China University of Petroleum; Qingdao 266555 Shandong China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Oil and Gas Engineering, Shengli College; China University of Petroleum; Dongying 257061 Shandong China
| | - Hailiang Yin
- Academy of Science and Technology; China University of Petroleum; Qingdao 266555 Shandong China
| | - Guicai Zhang
- Academy of Science and Technology; China University of Petroleum; Qingdao 266555 Shandong China
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30
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Schmitt D, Regenbrecht C, Hartmer M, Stecker F, Waldvogel SR. Highly selective generation of vanillin by anodic degradation of lignin: a combined approach of electrochemistry and product isolation by adsorption. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:473-80. [PMID: 25977721 PMCID: PMC4419547 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative degradation of lignin into a variety of valuable products has been under investigation since the first half of the last century. Especially, the chance to claim this cheap, abundant and renewable source for the production of the important aroma chemical vanillin (1) was one of the major driving forces of lignin research. So far most of the developed methods fail in technical application since no viable concept for work-up is included. This work represents a combined approach of electrochemical conversion of Kraft lignin and product recovery by adsorption on a strongly basic anion exchange resin. Electrolysis conditions are optimized regarding reaction temperatures below 100 °C allowing operation of aqueous electrolytes in simple experimental set-up. Employing ion exchange resins gives rise to a selective removal of low molecular weight phenols from the strongly alkaline electrolyte without acidification and precipitation of remaining lignin. The latter represents a significant advantage compared with conventional work-up protocols of lignin solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schmitt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Carolin Regenbrecht
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany ; BASF SE, GCN/ES-M311, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Marius Hartmer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Siegfried R Waldvogel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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31
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Tong X, Chen H, Hu J, Bi Y, Sun Z, Fan W. The Efficient and Sustainable Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass by Catalytic Processes. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Ma R, Xu Y, Zhang X. Catalytic oxidation of biorefinery lignin to value-added chemicals to support sustainable biofuel production. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:24-51. [PMID: 25272962 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Transforming plant biomass to biofuel is one of the few solutions that can truly sustain mankind's long-term needs for liquid transportation fuel with minimized environmental impact. However, despite decades of effort, commercial development of biomass-to-biofuel conversion processes is still not an economically viable proposition. Identifying value-added co-products along with the production of biofuel provides a key solution to overcoming this economic barrier. Lignin is the second most abundant component next to cellulose in almost all plant biomass; the emerging biomass refinery industry will inevitably generate an enormous amount of lignin. Development of selective biorefinery lignin-to-bioproducts conversion processes will play a pivotal role in significantly improving the economic feasibility and sustainability of biofuel production from renewable biomass. The urgency and importance of this endeavor has been increasingly recognized in the last few years. This paper reviews state-of-the-art oxidative lignin depolymerization chemistries employed in the papermaking process and oxidative catalysts that can be applied to biorefinery lignin to produce platform chemicals including phenolic compounds, dicarboxylic acids, and quinones in high selectivity and yield. The potential synergies of integrating new catalysts with commercial delignification chemistries are discussed. We hope the information will build on the existing body of knowledge to provide new insights towards developing practical and commercially viable lignin conversion technologies, enabling sustainable biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass to be competitive with fossil fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshui Ma
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Bioproducts, Science & Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, 2710 Crimson Way, Richland, WA, 99354 (USA)
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33
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Park YK, Park KS, Kim SS, Park SH, Jung SC, Kim SC, Jeon JK, Jeon KJ. Conversion of Cellulose over Ni Loaded Mesoporous MSU-F Catalysts via Air Gasification. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.11.3205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Lee HW, Park SH, Jeon JK, Ryoo R, Kim W, Suh DJ, Park YK. Upgrading of bio-oil derived from biomass constituents over hierarchical unilamellar mesoporous MFI nanosheets. Catal Today 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Jeon KJ, Jin SH, Park SH, Jeon JK, Jung SC, Ryu C, Park YK. Catalytic Upgrading of Geodae-Uksae 1 over Mesoporous MCM-48 Catalysts. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.7.1951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Neumann GT, Pimentel BR, Rensel DJ, Hicks JC. Correlating lignin structure to aromatic products in the catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignin model compounds containing β–O–4 linkages. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy00569d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass in a process development unit with continual catalyst addition and removal. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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38
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Zhao B, Zhang X, Chen L, Sun L, Si H, Chen G. High quality fuel gas from biomass pyrolysis with calcium oxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 156:78-83. [PMID: 24486940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The removal of CO2 and tar in fuel gas produced by biomass thermal conversion has aroused more attention due to their adverse effects on the subsequent fuel gas application. High quality fuel gas production from sawdust pyrolysis with CaO was studied in this paper. The results of pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) experiments indicate that the mass ratio of CaO to sawdust (Ca/S) remarkably affects the behavior of sawdust pyrolysis. On the basis of Py-GC/MS results, one system of a moving bed pyrolyzer coupled with a fluid bed combustor has been developed to produce high quality fuel gas. The lower heating value (LHV) of the fuel gas was above 16MJ/Nm(3) and the content of tar was under 50mg/Nm(3), which is suitable for gas turbine application to generate electricity and heat. Therefore, this technology may be a promising route to achieve high quality fuel gas for biomass utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Laizhi Sun
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hongyu Si
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guanyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Lab of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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39
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Liu L, Wang H, Wang R, Zeng S, Ni L, Zhang D, Zhu L, zou H, Qiu S, Zhang Z. Hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystalline mesoporous beta zeolite assisted by N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel synthesis of single-crystalline mesoporous beta zeolite with high catalytic activities by addition of low-cost N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) into a conventional TEAOH-based zeolite synthesis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Runwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shangjing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ling Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Daliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liangkui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Houbing zou
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shilun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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40
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Lee HW, Choi SJ, Park SH, Jeon JK, Jung SC, Kim SC, Park YK. Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of Laminaria japonica and polypropylene over mesoporous Al-SBA-15 catalyst. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:376. [PMID: 25136282 PMCID: PMC4130117 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic co-pyrolysis of a seaweed biomass, Laminaria japonica, and a typical polymer material, polypropylene, was studied for the first time. A mesoporous material Al-SBA-15 was used as a catalyst. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed reactor and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). BET surface area, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and NH3 temperature programmed desorption were measured to examine the catalyst characteristics. When only L. japonica was pyrolyzed, catalytic reforming slightly increased the gas yield and decreased the oil yield. The H2O content in bio-oil was increased by catalytic reforming from 42.03 to 50.32 wt% due to the dehydration reaction occurring on the acid sites inside the large pores of Al-SBA-15. Acids, oxygenates, mono-aromatics, poly aromatic hydrocarbons, and phenolics were the main components of the bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of L. japonica. Upon catalytic reforming over Al-SBA-15, the main oxygenate species 1,4-anhydro-d-galactitol and 1,5-anhydro-d-manitol were completely removed. When L. japonica was co-pyrolyzed with polypropylene, the H2O content in bio-oil was decreased dramatically (8.93 wt% in the case of catalytic co-pyrolysis), contributing to the improvement of the oil quality. A huge increase in the content of gasoline-range and diesel-range hydrocarbons in bio-oil was the most remarkable change that resulted from the co-pyrolysis with polypropylene, suggesting its potential as a transport fuel. The content of mono-aromatics with high economic value was also increased significantly by catalytic co-pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Won Lee
- Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, South Korea
| | - Suek Joo Choi
- Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-950, South Korea
| | - Jong-Ki Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 330-717, South Korea
| | - Sang-Chul Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-950, South Korea
| | - Sang Chai Kim
- Department of Environmental Education, Mokpo National University, Muan 534-729, South Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, South Korea
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, South Korea
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41
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Liu L, Wang H, Wang R, Sun C, Zeng S, Jiang S, Zhang D, Zhu L, Zhang Z. N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone assisted synthesis of hierarchical ZSM-5 with house-of-cards-like structure. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02022g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presents a facile, economic and green synthesis of highly active house-of-cards-like ZSM-5 by the addition of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) into a template-free zeolite synthesis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Runwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chuanyin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shangjing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Daliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liangkui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zongtao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Lee IG, Jun BR, Kang HK, Park SH, Jung SC, Jeon JK, Ko CH, Park YK. Catalytic Pyrolysis of Cellulose over SAPO-11 Using Py-GC/MS. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.8.2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kim JW, Park SH, Jung J, Jeon JK, Ko CH, Jeong KE, Park YK. Catalytic pyrolysis of mandarin residue from the mandarin juice processing industry. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 136:431-436. [PMID: 23567713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the catalytic pyrolysis of mandarin residue from the mandarin juice processing industry was carried out using pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy and employing microporous zeolite catalysts, HZSM-5 (SiO2/Al2O3=23 and 80) and HBeta (SiO2/Al2O3=25). The effect of acidity of the catalyst was investigated by comparing the activity of two HZSM-5 catalysts with different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios. The effect of catalyst structure was explored by comparing the results obtained using HZSM-5 (23) and HBeta. Most oxygenates produced from non-catalytic pyrolysis were removed by catalytic upgrading, whereas the yields of mono-aromatics, which are important feedstock materials for the chemical industry, increased considerably, improving the quality of the bio-oil produced. HZSM-5 (23), having the highest acidity among the catalysts used in this study, showed superior catalytic activity to those of HZSM-5 (80) and HBeta. Pt/HZSM-5 (23) and Ga/HZSM-5 (23) resulted in an even higher yield of aromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Wook Kim
- Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea
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