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Huang A, Delima RS, Kim Y, Lees EW, Parlane FGL, Dvorak DJ, Rooney MB, Jansonius RP, Fink AG, Zhang Z, Berlinguette CP. Direct H 2O 2 Synthesis, without H 2 Gas. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14548-14554. [PMID: 35917450 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report here the direct hydrogenation of O2 gas to form hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using a membrane reactor without H2 gas. Hydrogen is sourced from water, and the reactor is driven by electricity. Hydrogenation chemistry is achieved using a hydrogen-permeable Pd foil that separates an electrolysis chamber that generates reactive H atoms, from a hydrogenation chamber where H atoms react with O2 to form H2O2. Our results show that the concentration of H2O2 can be increased ∼8 times (from 56.5 to 443 mg/L) by optimizing the ratio of methanol-to-water in the chemical chamber, and through catalyst design. We demonstrate that the concentration of H2O2 is acutely sensitive to the H2O2 decomposition rate. This decomposition rate can be minimized by using AuPd alloy catalysts instead of pure Pd. This study presents a new pathway to directly synthesize H2O2 using water electrolysis without ever using H2 gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxue Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Roxanna S Delima
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Eric W Lees
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fraser G L Parlane
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David J Dvorak
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Michael B Rooney
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ryan P Jansonius
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Arthur G Fink
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zishuai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Curtis P Berlinguette
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
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Yang W, Zhou M, Mai L, Ou H, Oturan N, Oturan MA, Zeng EY. Generation of hydroxyl radicals by metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts for enhanced organics removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148107. [PMID: 34118668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low yields of H2O2 and a narrow range of appropriate pH values have been two major drawbacks for electro-Fenton (EF) process. Herein, metal-free electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) were developed with nitrogen and sulfur co-doped electrochemically exfoliated graphene (N, S-EEGr) electrocatalysts, which was confirmed as an outstanding bifunctional catalyst for synchronous generation and activation of H2O2 via (2 + 1) e- consecutive reduction reactions. Specifically, two elements (N, S) in metal-free N, S-EEGr-CF cathode synergize to promote the formation of H2O2 followed by its activation. With N, S-EEGr-CF cathode, phenol of initial 50 mg L-1 could be effectively removed within pH 3-11 and 6.25 mA cm-2, and 100% removal efficiency could be achieved within 15-min even at neutral pH. The pseudo-first-order rate constant for phenol removal in metal-free EAOPs with N,S-EEGr-CF at neutral pH was 10 times higher than that with EF process. Detection of active species, coupled with decay kinetics with specific trapping agents, confirmed that OH was the dominant oxidizing species promoting removal efficiencies of organics (phenol, antibiotics and dyes) at pH 3 and pH 7. In the actual wastewater treatment, the synergistic effect of bifunctional catalyst would also be used for improving the degradation efficiency of organics. Thus, the metal-free EAOPs with N,S-EEGr-CF cathode may serve as an alternative in wastewater treatment with a broadened range of solution pH values and avoiding Fe2+ (catalyst) addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilu Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria (MOE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lei Mai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Huase Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Nihal Oturan
- Université Gustave Eiffel, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, EA 4508, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, Cedex 2, France
| | - Mehmet A Oturan
- Université Gustave Eiffel, Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement, EA 4508, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, Cedex 2, France
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
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Microsensor Electrodes for 3D Inline Process Monitoring in Multiphase Microreactors. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20174876. [PMID: 32872213 PMCID: PMC7506731 DOI: 10.3390/s20174876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We present an electrochemical microsensor for the monitoring of hydrogen peroxide direct synthesis in a membrane microreactor environment by measuring the hydrogen peroxide and oxygen concentrations. In prior work, for the first time, we performed in situ measurements with electrochemical microsensors in a microreactor setup. However, the sensors used were only able to measure at the bottom of the microchannel. Therefore, only a limited assessment of the gas distribution and concentration change over the reaction channel dimensions was possible because the dissolved gases entered the reactor through a membrane at the top of the channel. In this work, we developed a new fabrication process to allow the sensor wires, with electrodes at the tip, to protrude from the sensor housing into the reactor channel. This enables measurements not only at the channel bottom, but also along the vertical axis within the channel, between the channel wall and membrane. The new sensor design was integrated into a multiphase microreactor and calibrated for oxygen and hydrogen peroxide measurements. The importance of measurements in three dimensions was demonstrated by the detection of strongly increased gas concentrations towards the membrane, in contrast to measurements at the channel bottom. These findings allow a better understanding of the analyte distribution and diffusion processes in the microreactor channel as the basis for process control of the synthesis reaction.
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He Y, Liang J, Imai Y, Ueda K, Li H, guo X, Yang G, Yoneyama Y, Tsubaki N. Highly selective synthesis of methanol from methane over carbon materials supported Pd-Au nanoparticles under mild conditions. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide under Semi-Batch Conditions over Un-Promoted Palladium Catalysts Supported by Ion-Exchange Sulfonated Resins: Effects of the Support Morphology. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium catalysts supported by a mesoporous form of sulfonated poly-divinylbenzene, Pd/µS-pDVB10 (1%, w/w) and Pd/µS-pDVB35 (3.6% w/w), were applied to the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from dihydrogen and dioxygen. The reaction was carried for 4 h out in a semibatch reactor with continuous feed of the gas mixture (H2/O2 = 1/24, v/v; total flow rate 25 mL·min−1), at 25 °C and 101 kPa. The catalytic performances were compared with those of a commercial egg-shell Pd/C catalyst (1%, w/w) and of a palladium catalyst supported by a macroreticular sulfonated ion-exchange resin, Pd/mS-pSDVB10 (1%, w/w). Pd/µS-pDVB10 and Pd/C showed the highest specific activity (H2 consumption rate of about 75–80 h−1), but the resin supported catalyst was much more selective (ca 50% with no promoters). The nanoparticles (NP) size was somewhat larger in Pd/µS-pDVB10, showing that either the reaction was structure insensitive or diffusion limited to some extent over Pd/C, in which the support is microporous. The open pore structure of Pd/µS-pDVB10, possibly ensuring the fast removal of H2O2 from the catalyst, could also be the cause of the relatively high selectivity of this catalyst. In summary, Pd/µS-pDVB10 was the most productive catalyst, forming ca 375 molH2O2·kgPd−1·h−1, also because it retained a constant selectivity, while the other ones underwent a more or less pronounced loss of selectivity after 80–90 min. Ageing experiments showed that for a palladium catalyst supported on sulfonated mesoporous poly-divinylbenzene storage under oxidative conditions implied some deactivation, but a lower drop in the selectivity; regeneration upon a reductive treatment or storage under strictly anaerobic conditions (dry-box) lead to an increase of the activity but to both a lower initial selectivity and a higher drop of selectivity with time.
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García-Serna J, Gallina G, Biasi P, Salmi T. Liquid Holdup by Gravimetric Recirculation Continuous Measurement Method. Application to Trickle Bed Reactors under Pressure at Laboratory Scale. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan García-Serna
- High
Pressure Processes Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental
Technology, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Gianluca Gallina
- High
Pressure Processes Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental
Technology, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Johan
Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry
and Reaction Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan
8, Turku/Åbo, FI-20500, Finland
| | - Pierdomenico Biasi
- Johan
Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry
and Reaction Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan
8, Turku/Åbo, FI-20500, Finland
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Johan
Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry
and Reaction Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan
8, Turku/Åbo, FI-20500, Finland
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Pennemann H, Kolb G. Review: Microstructured reactors as efficient tool for the operation of selective oxidation reactions. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sterchele S, Biasi P, Centomo P, Shchukarev A, Kordás K, Rautio AR, Mikkola JP, Salmi T, Canton P, Zecca M. Influence of Metal Precursors and Reduction Protocols on the Chloride-Free Preparation of Catalysts for the Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide without Selectivity Enhancers. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sterchele
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Padova; via Marzolo 8 I35131 Padova Italy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo-Turku Finland
| | - Pierdomenico Biasi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo-Turku Finland
- Department of Chemistry; Chemical-Biochemical Centre (KBC), Technical Chemistry; Umeå University; SE-90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Paolo Centomo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Padova; via Marzolo 8 I35131 Padova Italy
| | - Andrey Shchukarev
- Faculty of Technology, Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories; EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu; University of Oulu; FI-90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Krisztián Kordás
- Department of Chemistry; Chemical-Biochemical Centre (KBC), Technical Chemistry; Umeå University; SE-90187 Umeå Sweden
- Faculty of Technology, Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories; EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu; University of Oulu; FI-90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Anne-Riikka Rautio
- Faculty of Technology, Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories; EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu; University of Oulu; FI-90014 Oulu Finland
| | - Jyri-Pekka Mikkola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo-Turku Finland
- Department of Chemistry; Chemical-Biochemical Centre (KBC), Technical Chemistry; Umeå University; SE-90187 Umeå Sweden
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo-Turku Finland
| | - Patrizia Canton
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems; Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia; via Torino 155/b 30170 Venezia-Mestre Italy
| | - Marco Zecca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche; Università degli Studi di Padova; via Marzolo 8 I35131 Padova Italy
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Yi Y, Wang L, Li G, Guo H. A review on research progress in the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen: noble-metal catalytic method, fuel-cell method and plasma method. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01567g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The direct synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2 using Pd catalyst, fuel cell and plasma methods have been reviewed systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Catalytic Chemistry and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 16024
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Catalytic Chemistry and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 16024
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Catalytic Chemistry and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 16024
| | - Hongchen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- Department of Catalytic Chemistry and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 16024
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