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Hu C, Lin Q, Guo H, Jiang B. Influence of supercell size on Gas-Surface Scattering: A case study of CO scattering from Au(1 1 1). Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Kroes GJ. Computational approaches to dissociative chemisorption on metals: towards chemical accuracy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8962-9048. [PMID: 33885053 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00044f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We review the state-of-the-art in the theory of dissociative chemisorption (DC) of small gas phase molecules on metal surfaces, which is important to modeling heterogeneous catalysis for practical reasons, and for achieving an understanding of the wealth of experimental information that exists for this topic, for fundamental reasons. We first give a quick overview of the experimental state of the field. Turning to the theory, we address the challenge that barrier heights (Eb, which are not observables) for DC on metals cannot yet be calculated with chemical accuracy, although embedded correlated wave function theory and diffusion Monte-Carlo are moving in this direction. For benchmarking, at present chemically accurate Eb can only be derived from dynamics calculations based on a semi-empirically derived density functional (DF), by computing a sticking curve and demonstrating that it is shifted from the curve measured in a supersonic beam experiment by no more than 1 kcal mol-1. The approach capable of delivering this accuracy is called the specific reaction parameter (SRP) approach to density functional theory (DFT). SRP-DFT relies on DFT and on dynamics calculations, which are most efficiently performed if a potential energy surface (PES) is available. We therefore present a brief review of the DFs that now exist, also considering their performance on databases for Eb for gas phase reactions and DC on metals, and for adsorption to metals. We also consider expressions for SRP-DFs and briefly discuss other electronic structure methods that have addressed the interaction of molecules with metal surfaces. An overview is presented of dynamical models, which make a distinction as to whether or not, and which dissipative channels are modeled, the dissipative channels being surface phonons and electronically non-adiabatic channels such as electron-hole pair excitation. We also discuss the dynamical methods that have been used, such as the quasi-classical trajectory method and quantum dynamical methods like the time-dependent wave packet method and the reaction path Hamiltonian method. Limits on the accuracy of these methods are discussed for DC of diatomic and polyatomic molecules on metal surfaces, paying particular attention to reduced dimensionality approximations that still have to be invoked in wave packet calculations on polyatomic molecules like CH4. We also address the accuracy of fitting methods, such as recent machine learning methods (like neural network methods) and the corrugation reducing procedure. In discussing the calculation of observables we emphasize the importance of modeling the properties of the supersonic beams in simulating the sticking probability curves measured in the associated experiments. We show that chemically accurate barrier heights have now been extracted for DC in 11 molecule-metal surface systems, some of which form the most accurate core of the only existing database of Eb for DC reactions on metal surfaces (SBH10). The SRP-DFs (or candidate SRP-DFs) that have been derived show transferability in many cases, i.e., they have been shown also to yield chemically accurate Eb for chemically related systems. This can in principle be exploited in simulating rates of catalyzed reactions on nano-particles containing facets and edges, as SRP-DFs may be transferable among systems in which a molecule dissociates on low index and stepped surfaces of the same metal. In many instances SRP-DFs have allowed important conclusions regarding the mechanisms underlying observed experimental trends. An important recent observation is that SRP-DFT based on semi-local exchange DFs has so far only been successful for systems for which the difference of the metal work function and the molecule's electron affinity exceeds 7 eV. A main challenge to SRP-DFT is to extend its applicability to the other systems, which involve a range of important DC reactions of e.g. O2, H2O, NH3, CO2, and CH3OH. Recent calculations employing a PES based on a screened hybrid exchange functional suggest that the road to success may be based on using exchange functionals of this category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert-Jan Kroes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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3
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Novčić KA, Dobrota AS, Petković M, Johansson B, Skorodumova NV, Mentus SV, Pašti IA. Theoretical analysis of doped graphene as cathode catalyst in Li-O2 and Na-O2 batteries – the impact of the computational scheme. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mahlberg D, Sakong S, Forster-Tonigold K, Groß A. Improved DFT Adsorption Energies with Semiempirical Dispersion Corrections. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:3250-3259. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Mahlberg
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sung Sakong
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Katrin Forster-Tonigold
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89069 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box
3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Axel Groß
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89069 Ulm, Germany
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6
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Montemore MM, van Spronsen MA, Madix RJ, Friend CM. O2 Activation by Metal Surfaces: Implications for Bonding and Reactivity on Heterogeneous Catalysts. Chem Rev 2017; 118:2816-2862. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M. Montemore
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthijs A. van Spronsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Robert J. Madix
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Cynthia M. Friend
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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7
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Spierenburg R, Jacobse L, de Bruin I, van den Bos DJ, Vis DM, Juurlink LBF. Misconceptions in the Exploding Flask Demonstration Resolved through Students' Critical Thinking. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION 2017; 94:1209-1216. [PMID: 28919643 PMCID: PMC5597953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.7b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As it connects to a large set of important fundamental ideas in chemistry and analytical techniques discussed in high school chemistry curricula, we review the exploding flask demonstration. In this demonstration, methanol vapor is catalytically oxidized by a Pt wire catalyst in an open container. The exothermicity of reactions occurring at the catalytic surface heats the metal to the extent that it glows. When restricting reactant and product gas flow, conditions may favor repetitive occurrence of a small explosion. We show how mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy allow for unravelling the chemical background of this demonstration and discuss various ideas on how to use it in a classroom setting to engage students' critical thinking about chemical research. Along the way, we show that two commonly published ideas about the chemical background of this demonstration are incorrect, and we suggest simple tests that may be performed in a high school setting either as an addition to the demonstration or as a student research project.
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Ming Y, Kumar N, Siegel DJ. Water Adsorption and Insertion in MOF-5. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:4921-4928. [PMID: 31457771 PMCID: PMC6641870 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high surface areas and tunable properties of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) make them attractive materials for applications in catalysis and the capture, storage, and separation of gases. Nevertheless, the limited stability of some MOFs under humid conditions remains a point of concern. Understanding the atomic-scale mechanisms associated with MOF hydrolysis will aid in the design of new compounds that are stable against water and other reactive species. Toward revealing these mechanisms, the present study employs van der Waals-augmented density functional theory, transition-state finding techniques, and thermodynamic integration to predict the thermodynamics and kinetics of water adsorption/insertion into the prototype compound, MOF-5. Adsorption and insertion energetics were evaluated as a function of water coverage, while accounting for the full periodicity of the MOF-5 crystal structure, that is, without resorting to cluster approximations or structural simplifications. The calculations suggest that the thermodynamics of MOF hydrolysis are coverage-dependent: water insertion into the framework becomes exothermic only after a sufficient number of H2O molecules are coadsorbed in close proximity on a Zn-O cluster. Above this coverage threshold, the adsorbed water clusters facilitate facile water insertion via breaking of Zn-O bonds: the calculated free-energy barrier for insertion is very low, 0.17 eV at 0 K and 0.04 eV at 300 K. Our calculations provide a highly realistic description of the mechanisms underlying the hydrolysis of MOFs under humid working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ming
- Department
of Physics, University of Michigan, 1440 Randall Laboratory, 450 Church
Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, United States
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Materials Science & Engineering, Applied Physics
Program, and University of Michigan Energy Institute, University of Michigan, 2250 G.G. Brown Laboratory, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2125, United States
| | - Donald J. Siegel
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Materials Science & Engineering, Applied Physics
Program, and University of Michigan Energy Institute, University of Michigan, 2250 G.G. Brown Laboratory, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2125, United States
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Ueta H, Kurahashi M. Dynamics of O 2
Chemisorption on a Flat Platinum Surface Probed by an Alignment-Controlled O 2
Beam. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201612281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Ueta
- International Center for Young Scientists; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
| | - Mitsunori Kurahashi
- Surface Characterization Group; National Institute for Materials Science; 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan
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Ueta H, Kurahashi M. Dynamics of O 2 Chemisorption on a Flat Platinum Surface Probed by an Alignment-Controlled O 2 Beam. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4174-4177. [PMID: 28294504 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201612281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
O2 adsorption on Pt surfaces is of great technological importance owing to its relevance to reactions for the purification of car exhaust gas and the oxygen reduction on fuel-cell electrodes. Although the O2 /Pt(111) system has been investigated intensively, questions still remain concerning the origin of the low O2 sticking probability and its unusual energy dependence. We herein clarify the alignment dependence of the initial sticking probability (S0 ) using the single spin-rotational state-selected [(J,M)=(2,2)] O2 beam. The results indicate that, at low translational energy (E0 ) conditions, direct activated chemisorption occurs only when the O2 axis is nearly parallel to the surface. At high energy conditions (E0 >0.5 eV), however, S0 for the parallel O2 decreases with increasing E0 while that of the perpendicular O2 increases, accounting for the nearly energy-independent O2 sticking probability determined previously by a non-state-resolved experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Ueta
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Kurahashi
- Surface Characterization Group, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
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Ikeshoji T, Otani M. Toward full simulation of the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction on Pt using first-principles and kinetic calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:4447-4453. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08466d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First-principles molecular dynamics gave the kinetic and redox parameters of the oxygen reduction reaction in a fuel cell using a bias control scheme, and gave the current–voltage relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamio Ikeshoji
- Fuel Cell Cutting-Edge Research Center Technology Research Association (FC-Cubic)
- Tokyo 135-0064
- Japan
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | - Minoru Otani
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Tsukuba 305-8568
- Japan
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Naderian M, Groß A. From single molecules to water networks: Dynamics of water adsorption on Pt(111). J Chem Phys 2016; 145:094703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4961870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Naderian
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Axel Groß
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
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Kroes GJ, Díaz C. Quantum and classical dynamics of reactive scattering of H2 from metal surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:3658-700. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00336a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
State-of-the-art theoretical models allow nowadays an accurate description of H2/metal surface systems and phenomena relative to heterogeneous catalysis. Here we review the most relevant ones investigated during the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert-Jan Kroes
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry
- Gorlaeus Laboratories
- Leiden University
- 2300 RA Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Díaz
- Departamento de Química
- Módulo 13
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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